JP5330631B2 - Lubricating oil composition - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、潤滑油組成物に関し、より詳しくは、油圧作動油、タービン油、圧縮機油、工作機械用潤滑油、歯車油等に好適な潤滑油組成物に関し、特に油圧作動油に好適な潤滑油組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, and more particularly to a lubricating oil composition suitable for hydraulic fluid, turbine oil, compressor oil, machine tool lubricating oil, gear oil, and the like, and particularly suitable for hydraulic fluid. It relates to an oil composition.
通常、工業用潤滑油は、原油精製で得られる常圧残油から、減圧蒸留後、溶剤抽出、または水素化精製を経た後、溶剤脱ロウ、再蒸留して得られる潤滑油基油に各種添加剤を配合して調製される。溶剤抽出を経た基油は溶剤精製鉱油、水素化精製を経た基油は水素化精製鉱油と呼ばれる。
一般に、潤滑油の引火点は、用いられる低粘度基油の引火点に大きく影響を受ける。従来、上記の一般的な潤滑油基油を用いると、動粘度（４０℃）で４０〜６２ｍｍ2／ｓの潤滑油の引火点は２５０℃未満となり、２５０℃以上のものと同様に製造、貯蔵及び使用において、危険物（消防法第４類の第４石油類）としての扱いを受けていた。ところが、平成１４年６月の消防法の改正により、引火点２５０℃以上の潤滑油（ギヤー油、シリンダー油を除く。）は消防法の危険物から外れ、指定可燃物（可燃性液体類）として市長村条例で規制されることとなり、規制が従来に比べ緩和された。そこで、ＩＳＯ ＶＧ４６グレード［動粘度（４０℃）：４１．４〜５０．６ｍｍ2／ｓ］においても引火点２５０℃以上の潤滑油が必要とされるようになってきた。また、引火点が２５０℃以上でなくとも、安全性の面で引火点の高いものが求められている。つまり、同一粘度で引火点が従来品よりも１０℃以上高いものが求められているが、未だ実現されていなかった。
In general, industrial lubricating oils are classified into various types of lubricating base oils that are obtained from atmospheric residue obtained by refining crude oil, after vacuum distillation, solvent extraction, or hydrorefining, followed by solvent dewaxing and redistillation. It is prepared by blending additives. Base oil that has undergone solvent extraction is called solvent refined mineral oil, and base oil that has undergone hydrorefining is called hydrorefined mineral oil.
In general, the flash point of a lubricating oil is greatly affected by the flash point of the low viscosity base oil used. Conventionally, when the above-mentioned general lubricating base oil is used, the flash point of a lubricating oil having a kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.) of 40 to 62 mm 2 / s is less than 250 ° C. In storage and use, it was treated as a dangerous material (4th class petroleum of the Fire Service Act 4). However, as a result of the June 2002 revision of the Fire Service Law, lubricants with a flash point of 250 ° C or higher (excluding gear oil and cylinder oil) are excluded from the hazardous materials of the Fire Service Law, and designated combustible materials (flammable liquids). It will be regulated by the mayor village ordinance, and the regulation has been relaxed compared to the past. Therefore, even in ISO VG46 grade [kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.): 41.4 to 50.6 mm 2 / s], a lubricating oil having a flash point of 250 ° C. or higher has been required. Even if the flash point is not 250 ° C. or higher, a high flash point is required in terms of safety. In other words, a material having the same viscosity and a flash point higher by 10 ° C. than that of the conventional product is required, but has not been realized yet.
本発明は、このような状況下でなされたもので、流動点等のその他の性状は水素化精製鉱油を使用した従来品と同等であり、かつ同一粘度で引火点を従来品より１０℃以上高くでき、高粘度指数を有する潤滑油組成物を提供することを目的とするものである。 The present invention has been made under such circumstances, and other properties such as pour point are equivalent to those of a conventional product using hydrorefined mineral oil, and have a flash point of 10 ° C. or more higher than that of the conventional product with the same viscosity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a lubricating oil composition that can be increased and has a high viscosity index.
本発明者は、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、環分析（ｎ−ｄ−Ｍ法）による％ＣAが３．０％以下、％ＣPが７３．０〜８２．１％であり、かつ減圧蒸留（ＪＩＳ Ｋ ２２５４，圧力１３３Ｐａ）の初留点が３４０℃以上の鉱油系水素化精製高粘度指数油を基油の一部として使用することにより、前記の目的を達成できることを見出し本発明を完成した。すなわち、本発明は、
（１）（ａ）基油として、環分析（ｎ−ｄ−Ｍ法）による％ＣAが３．０％以下、％ＣPが７３．０〜８２．１％であり、減圧蒸留（ＪＩＳ Ｋ ２２５４，圧力１３３Ｐａ）の初留点が３４０℃以上、流動点が−１７．５℃以下、粘度指数が１１０以上、４０℃における動粘度が１０〜６０ｍｍ2／ｓ、かつ引火点が２４８℃以上である鉱油系水素化精製高粘度指数油を９７．６質量％以上と（ｃ）添加剤とを２．４質量％以下含有してなる引火点が２５０℃以上である潤滑油組成物。
（２）添加剤が、酸化防止剤、清浄分散剤、極圧剤、油性剤、流動点降下剤、粘度指数向上剤、防錆剤、銅不活性化剤、または消泡剤である上記（１）に記載の潤滑油組成物、
（３）前記鉱油系水素化精製高粘度指数油が、減圧軽油を水素化分解、異性化脱ろう、及び水素化処理をし、さらに蒸留を行って得られるものである上記（１）又は（２）に記載の潤滑油組成物、
（４）前記残りの基油の溶剤精製鉱油又は水素化精製鉱油が、減圧軽油を水素化分解、溶剤脱ろう、及び水素化処理をし、さらに蒸留を行って得られる鉱油である上記（１）〜（３）のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物、
（５）鉱油系水素化精製高粘度指数油からなる基油を含有してなる上記（１）〜（４）のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物、
（６）潤滑油が油圧作動油である上記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の潤滑油組成物、
を提供するものである。
The present inventor has conducted extensive studies, ring analysis (n-d-M method) According% C A is 3.0% or less,% C P is 73.0 to 82.1%, and reduced pressure It has been found that the above object can be achieved by using a mineral oil-based hydrorefined high-viscosity index oil having an initial boiling point of distillation (JIS K 2254, pressure 133 Pa) of 340 ° C. or higher as part of the base oil. completed. That is, the present invention
As (1) (a) a base oil, ring analysis (n-d-M method) According% C A is 3.0% or less,% C P is 73.0 to 82.1%, distilled under reduced pressure (JIS K 2254, pressure 133 Pa) has an initial boiling point of 340 ° C. or higher, a pour point of −17.5 ° C. or lower, a viscosity index of 110 or higher , a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 10 to 60 mm 2 / s , and a flash point of 248. A lubricating oil composition having a flash point of 250 ° C. or higher, comprising 97.6 % by weight or more of a mineral oil-based hydrorefined high-viscosity index oil having a temperature of at least 0 ° C. and 2.4 % by weight or less of an additive ( c) .
(2) The above, wherein the additive is an antioxidant, a cleaning dispersant, an extreme pressure agent, an oily agent, a pour point depressant, a viscosity index improver, a rust inhibitor, a copper deactivator, or an antifoaming agent ( 1) the lubricating oil composition according to
(3) The mineral oil-based hydrorefined high viscosity index oil obtained by hydrocracking, isomerizing dewaxing, and hydrotreating a vacuum gas oil, and further performing distillation (1) or ( 2) the lubricating oil composition according to
(4) The above-mentioned (1), wherein the solvent refined mineral oil or hydrorefined mineral oil of the remaining base oil is a mineral oil obtained by hydrocracking, dewaxing, and hydrotreating a vacuum gas oil, and further performing distillation. ) To (3), a lubricating oil composition according to any one of
(5) The lubricating oil composition according to any one of the above (1) to (4), comprising a base oil comprising a mineral oil-based hydrorefined high viscosity index oil,
(6) The lubricating oil composition according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the lubricating oil is a hydraulic fluid.
Is to provide.
本発明によれば、
（１）同一粘度で引火点を従来品よりも１０℃以上高くでき、引火、爆発の危険性を低減できる。
（２）高粘度指数になるので、粘度指数向上剤が不要で、かつ低温での機械の始動性が良好である。
（３）その他の性状は水素化精製鉱油を使用した従来の潤滑油と同等であり、従来の油圧作動油等から問題なく切替えが可能である。
According to the present invention,
(1) With the same viscosity, the flash point can be higher by 10 ° C or more than the conventional product, and the risk of ignition and explosion can be reduced.
(2) Since it has a high viscosity index, a viscosity index improver is unnecessary, and the startability of the machine at a low temperature is good.
(3) Other properties are the same as those of conventional lubricating oil using hydrorefined mineral oil, and can be switched without problems from conventional hydraulic fluids.
本発明は、環分析（ｎ−ｄ−Ｍ法）による％ＣAが６．０％以下、％ＣPが７３．０％以上であり、かつ減圧蒸留（ＪＩＳ Ｋ ２２５４，圧力１３３Ｐａ）の初留点が３４０℃以上の鉱油系水素化精製高粘度指数油を３０質量％以上含有してなる潤滑油組成物である。
本発明に使用される鉱油系水素化精製高粘度指数油の環分析（ｎ−ｄ−Ｍ法）による％ＣAが６．０％以下である。その値が６．０％を超えると、酸化安定性が悪くなり、発癌性を有する可能性がある多環芳香族化合物が含まれる可能性があり、好ましくない。好ましくは、３．０％以下である。
本発明に使用される鉱油系水素化精製高粘度指数油の環分析（ｎ−ｄ−Ｍ法）による％ＣPが７３．０％以上である。その値が７３．０％未満であると、引火点が低下してしまうため好ましくない。好ましくは、７３．２％以上である。
本発明に使用される鉱油系水素化精製高粘度指数油の減圧蒸留（圧力１３３Ｐａ）の初留点が３４０℃以上である。その初留点が３４０℃未満であると、製品の引火点を１０℃以上上げる効果がなく、好ましくない。好ましくは、３４２℃以上である。
The present invention, ring analysis (n-d-M method) According% C A is 6.0% or less,% C P is not less than 73.0%, and the first vacuum distillation (JIS K 2254, pressure 133 Pa) It is a lubricating oil composition comprising 30% by mass or more of a mineral oil-based hydrorefined high viscosity index oil having a boiling point of 340 ° C. or higher.
Ring analysis (n-d-M method) According% C A of the mineral hydrotreating high viscosity index oil used in the present invention is not more than 6.0%. When the value exceeds 6.0%, oxidation stability is deteriorated, and a polycyclic aromatic compound that may have carcinogenicity may be contained, which is not preferable. Preferably, it is 3.0% or less.
Ring analysis (n-d-M method) According% C P of mineral hydrotreating high viscosity index oil used in the present invention is not less than 73.0%. If the value is less than 73.0%, the flash point is lowered, which is not preferable. Preferably, it is 73.2% or more.
The initial boiling point of vacuum distillation (pressure 133 Pa) of the mineral oil-based hydrorefined high viscosity index oil used in the present invention is 340 ° C. or higher. If the initial boiling point is less than 340 ° C., there is no effect of raising the flash point of the product by 10 ° C. or more, which is not preferable. Preferably, it is 342 ° C. or higher.
本発明に使用される鉱油系水素化精製高粘度指数油の潤滑油組成物中の含有量が３０質量％以上である。その量が３０質量％未満であると、粘度指数が低下してしまうため好ましくない。好ましくは、３５質量％以上である。また、残りの基油は、従来から使用される溶剤精製鉱油、水素化精製鉱油が使用される。
本発明に使用される鉱油系水素化精製高粘度指数油の粘度指数は、低引火点溶剤を含む粘度指数向上剤の添加量の低減の点で、１１０以上が好ましい。より好ましくは、１１２以上である。
本発明に使用される鉱油系水素化精製鉱高粘度指数油の４０℃における動粘度は、工業用潤滑油のＩＳＯ粘度グレードＶＧ２２〜６８用の用いることから、１０〜６０ｍｍ2／ｓの範囲が好ましい。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、油圧作動油、タービン油、圧縮機油、工作機械用潤滑油、歯車油として、好適に使用されるが、中でも中小規模の事業所で、最も多量に使用され、高引火点であることから、油圧作動油がより好適である。
The content of the mineral oil-based hydrorefined high viscosity index oil used in the present invention in the lubricating oil composition is 30% by mass or more. If the amount is less than 30% by mass, the viscosity index decreases, which is not preferable. Preferably, it is 35 mass% or more. Further, the remaining base oil, solvent-refined mineral oils that are used from the past, is hydrogenated refined mineral used.
The viscosity index of the mineral oil-based hydrorefined high-viscosity index oil used in the present invention is preferably 110 or more from the viewpoint of reducing the addition amount of a viscosity index improver containing a low flash point solvent. More preferably, it is 112 or more.
The kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the mineral oil-based hydrorefined ore high viscosity index oil used in the present invention is in the range of 10 to 60 mm 2 / s because it is used for ISO viscosity grades VG22 to 68 of industrial lubricating oil. preferable.
The lubricating oil composition of the present invention is suitably used as a hydraulic oil, turbine oil, compressor oil, machine tool lubricating oil, gear oil, but is used most in small and medium-sized establishments, Hydraulic oil is more suitable because of its high flash point.
本発明に使用される鉱油系水素化精製鉱高粘度指数油の好ましい製造方法については、特に限定されないが、一般に、パラフィン基原油の減圧残渣油を脱ろう処理、水素化処理を施した後、蒸留をすることによって得られる。
本発明の潤滑油組成物には、酸化防止剤、清浄分散剤、極圧剤、油性剤、流動点降下剤、粘度指数向上剤、防錆剤、銅不活性化剤、消泡剤など一般的非亜鉛系油圧作動油に使用される添加剤が使用される。
The preferred method for producing the mineral oil-based hydrorefined ore high viscosity index oil used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but generally, after dewaxing the paraffinic crude oil under reduced pressure, hydrotreating, Obtained by distillation.
In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, antioxidants, detergent dispersants, extreme pressure agents, oiliness agents, pour point depressants, viscosity index improvers, rust inhibitors, copper deactivators, antifoaming agents, etc. Additives used in non-zinc based hydraulic fluids are used.
次に、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によってなんら制限されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by these examples.
基油の調製
・基油１〜５
中間基原油の減圧軽油を水素化分解、異性化脱ろう、水素化処理をし、さらに蒸留を行って、基油１〜５を調製した。その物性を第１表に示す。
・基油６〜８
中間基原油の減圧軽油を水素化分解、溶剤脱ろう、水素化処理をし、さらに蒸留をおこなって、基油６〜８を調製した。その物性を第１表に示す。
Base oil preparation -Base oils 1-5
Base oils 1 to 5 were prepared by hydrocracking, isomerizing dewaxing, hydrotreating intermediate base crude oil under reduced pressure, and further performing distillation. The physical properties are shown in Table 1.
・ Base oil 6-8
The base oil 6-8 was prepared by hydrocracking the vacuum gas oil of the intermediate base crude oil, subjecting it to solvent dewaxing, hydrotreating, and further performing distillation. The physical properties are shown in Table 1.
実施例１〜３、比較例１〜５及び参考例１〜７
上記の基油１〜８を、下記表（第２表〜第４表）に示した割合（質量％）で混合し、潤滑油組成物を調製した。なお、添加剤２．３５質量％のものについては、酸化防止剤、清浄分散剤、流動点降下剤、極圧剤、油性剤、防錆剤、銅不活性化剤、消泡剤を添加し、０．９５質量％のものについては、酸化防止剤、流動点降下剤、防錆剤、消泡剤を添加したものである。調製した潤滑油組成物の物性を第２表〜第４表に示す。
Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Reference Examples 1 to 7
Said base oils 1-8 were mixed in the ratio (mass%) shown to the following table | surface (Table 2-Table 4), and the lubricating oil composition was prepared. For additives with 2.35% by mass, add antioxidant, detergent dispersant, pour point depressant, extreme pressure agent, oiliness agent, rust inhibitor, copper deactivator, defoamer. 0.95% by mass is an antioxidant, a pour point depressant, a rust inhibitor, and an antifoaming agent. The physical properties of the prepared lubricating oil compositions are shown in Tables 2-4.
Claims (6)
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| JP2693698B2 (en) * | 1993-04-22 | 1997-12-24 | 株式会社ジャパンエナジー | Fuel-efficient lubricating oil |
| JPH08259974A (en) * | 1994-12-14 | 1996-10-08 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Lube base oil and its production |
| JP3917386B2 (en) * | 2001-04-23 | 2007-05-23 | 株式会社ジャパンエナジー | Mineral oil base oil |
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2004
- 2004-01-30 JP JP2004024202A patent/JP5330631B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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