CN110565671B - Construction method of strip foundation - Google Patents
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- CN110565671B CN110565671B CN201910841653.5A CN201910841653A CN110565671B CN 110565671 B CN110565671 B CN 110565671B CN 201910841653 A CN201910841653 A CN 201910841653A CN 110565671 B CN110565671 B CN 110565671B
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Abstract
A construction method of a strip foundation comprises the following steps: 1) removing sundries in the construction area; 2) according to the design drawing, scattering rectangular frames corresponding to the pile positions by using lime, wherein the shape enclosed by the rectangular frames is adapted to the outline of the strip foundation; 3) calculating the construction amount of earthwork according to the design drawing, and calculating the number of machines entering the field; 4) when holes are dug, a drill bit of the pile machine faces downwards vertically, corresponding to the center of the width of the rectangular frame in the step 2), holes are dug at intervals along the length direction of the rectangular frame, the diameter of each dug hole is increased by 50mm compared with the width of the rectangular frame, and the overlapping distance between adjacent drilled holes is larger than or equal to 50mm, so that a closed groove in a rectangular structure is obtained; 5) after hole digging is finished, digging away earthwork in the closed groove in the step 4) by using a digging machine to obtain a foundation groove, correcting the elevation and coordinate positioning of the foundation groove, cleaning the floating soil of the foundation groove, and manually leveling; 6) and after bottom cleaning is finished, pouring a cushion layer on the foundation trench to obtain the strip foundation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of constructional engineering, in particular to a construction method of a strip foundation.
Background
The development of the construction industry has prompted the rapid development of construction techniques. Aiming at different building types, specific construction environments and other factors in various aspects, the comprehensive consideration and selection of the most appropriate construction method becomes the main trend of the development of the building industry. Aiming at the excavation operation of the strip foundation, particularly the strip foundation with the depth within 5m, most of the current common construction methods are manual hole digging modes. The manual work efficiency is low, the labor intensity is large, and in addition, the current construction industry is lack of labor force, so that the engineering progress is slow, and the construction progress of the engineering is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a strip foundation aiming at the defects of the prior art, which can be widely applied to the construction of the strip foundation in a hard soil and rock stratum area and improve the construction efficiency and quality.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a construction method of a strip foundation comprises the following steps:
1) site leveling
Removing sundries in the construction area;
2) measuring line
Calculating the coordinates of each foundation according to a design drawing, sequentially discharging each pile position by using a total station, performing closed correction, nailing a wood pile at the center of the pile or at four corners of the foundation, scattering rectangular frames corresponding to each pile position by using a tape measure and a line according to the design size, wherein the shape enclosed by the rectangular frames is adapted to the outline of the strip foundation;
3) pile driver in-place
Calculating the construction amount of earthwork according to the design drawing, and calculating the number of machines entering the field;
4) foundation digging hole
When holes are dug, a drill bit of the pile machine faces downwards vertically, corresponding to the center of the width of the rectangular frame in the step 2), holes are dug at intervals along the length direction of the rectangular frame, the diameter of each dug hole is enlarged by 50mm compared with the width of the rectangular frame, the drilling depth is 650mm, the overlapping distance between adjacent drilled holes is larger than or equal to 50mm, and a closed groove in a rectangular structure is obtained;
5) cleaning bottom
After hole digging is finished, digging away earthwork in the closed groove in the step 4) by using a digging machine to obtain a foundation groove, correcting the elevation and coordinate positioning of the bottom of the foundation groove, cleaning floating soil at the bottom of the foundation groove, and manually leveling;
6) back cover
And after bottom cleaning is finished, pouring a cushion layer on the foundation trench to obtain the strip foundation.
The construction amount in the step 1) comprises construction elevation, excavation area, filling area and excavation and filling area earthwork amount.
And 2) the rectangular frame is a square frame.
The length of the closed groove with the rectangular structure obtained in the step 4) is less than or equal to 600mm, and the width of the closed groove is less than or equal to 600 mm.
When the length of the closed groove with the rectangular structure obtained in the step 4) is more than 600mm, holes are dug at intervals in the width direction in the hollow space of the closed groove, the diameter of each dug hole is increased by 50mm compared with the width of the rectangular frame, the drilling depth is 650mm, the overlapping distance between two adjacent drill holes is more than or equal to 50mm, and the distance between two adjacent rows of drill holes in the length direction is less than or equal to 600 mm.
When the width of the closed groove with the rectangular structure obtained in the step 4) is larger than 600mm, holes are dug at intervals in the hollow space of the closed groove along the length direction, the diameter of each dug hole is increased by 50mm compared with the width of the rectangular frame, the drilling depth is 650mm, the overlapping distance between two adjacent drill holes is larger than or equal to 50mm, and the distance between two adjacent rows of drill holes along the width direction is smaller than or equal to 600 mm.
And 5) before the floating soil at the bottom of the foundation trench is cleaned, draining the underground water or the ponding area of the foundation trench.
And 6) before pouring the cushion layer, constructing a waterproof layer.
Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme to have following beneficial effect:
1. the construction method of the strip foundation has high construction efficiency, improves the efficiency by 8-10 times compared with the traditional manual operation mode, only needs one mechanical operator to cooperate with two auxiliary workers for one machine, can complete the workload of about 20 workers of 8-10 manual operation teams and groups, and saves the labor cost by more than 90%.
2. According to the construction method of the strip foundation, disclosed by the invention, the construction equipment is conventional equipment, so that compared with the traditional manual operation mode, the construction difficulty is effectively reduced, the labor waste and the investment of the mold allocation personnel due to rework can be effectively avoided, and the construction cost is effectively reduced.
3. The construction method of the strip foundation comprises the steps of drilling a plurality of pile holes according to a specific path through a pile machine, communicating the pile holes to obtain a closed groove which is matched with the designed shape or size and is of a rectangular structure, and then excavating the earthwork in the closed groove by using an excavator to obtain a base groove matched with the designed shape or size, namely, the finally obtained groove wall of the base groove is formed by a plurality of arc sections. The diameter of the pile hole is designed to be 50mm larger than the width of the rectangular frame, namely, the maximum size of the foundation trench is larger than the designed size (two opposite arc tops exceed the designed position by 50mm), the minimum size of the foundation trench is smaller than the designed size (the joint of the adjacent arc surfaces is located in the designed position), and the overlapped distance between the adjacent drilling holes is limited to be larger than or equal to 50mm, so that the circumferential surface of the concrete foundation formed in the strip foundation finally is formed by connecting a plurality of concrete piles, and the strength and the stability of the foundation can be effectively ensured. If the diameter of the pile hole is designed to be smaller than the width of the rectangular frame by 50mm, the supporting strength of the formed foundation cannot be effectively ensured, and the subsequent construction requirements cannot be met, and if the diameter of the pile hole is designed to be larger than the width of the rectangular frame by 50mm, the concrete consumption is greatly increased, the construction cost is not favorably controlled, the hole digging difficulty is increased, and the construction efficiency is reduced; if the distance of overlapping between the adjacent drilling is less than 50mm, then lead to the joint strength between the adjacent concrete pile of shaping back not enough, can not guarantee the support intensity of fashioned ground, can not satisfy follow-up construction requirement, generally, overlap distance between the adjacent drilling is the better more greatly, however, if overlap distance is too big, then lead the quantity that needs drilling to increase, be unfavorable for improving efficiency of construction.
The following further description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the measurement set-off in step 2) of the present invention.
In the figure, D is the design length of the strip foundation, and B is the design width of the strip foundation.
Detailed Description
In the invention, the construction method which is not marked adopts the conventional construction method in the building field for construction, and the raw material which is not marked with specific cost usually adopts the conventional raw material in the building field.
Embodiment one project engineering of Shandong Shuihu Guori travel and collection and distribution
The project engineering of the tourism collection and distribution land in the Shandong Shuihu province is composed of A, B, C three commercial areas, poverty-relief residential buildings, Hengda professional technical colleges and Hengda national schools. Total floor area about 154369.4m2The building area is about 68156.2 ten thousand meters2. The number of the layers in the commercial district is 2-3, the height of one layer is 4-5.4m, the height of two layers is 4-6.7m, the building height is about 20m, the structure form is a frame structure, and the foundation form is a single foundation or a strip foundation. The strip foundation is constructed according to the following construction method:
1. site leveling
Before leveling the field, removing trees, construction waste and the like on the ground. The construction elevation, the excavation area, the filling area and the earth volume of the excavated and filled area of the earth are calculated by utilizing the square grids, various variable factors are considered for adjustment, the earth is comprehensively balanced and allocated, and the external transportation volume of the earth is reduced as much as possible.
2. Survey lofting
Before measurement and setting-out, firstly, a construction drawing and a construction scheme are familiar, the arrangement characteristics and difficulties of the axis column net are known, and the distances and angles of a pile foundation coordinate point and each control point on a design drawing are compared to be used as the basis of engineering measurement and setting-out. And calculating the coordinates of each foundation according to the foundation positioning, sequentially releasing each pile position by using a total station, and performing closed correction. The center of the pile or four corners of the foundation are nailed with wood piles, holes are arranged according to the diameter of the pile holes by using a tape measure and a line, rectangular frames corresponding to the pile positions are scattered by using lime, and the shape enclosed by the rectangular frames is adapted to the outline of the strip foundation.
3. Pile driver in-place
Excavating 30m according to each class according to the combination of the engineering quantity of excavation and the requirement of construction period3The number of machines required to approach is calculated. The pile driver is transported to a construction site 1 day in advance. Before excavation, the drill rod is perpendicular to the ground, and perpendicularity is corrected.
4. Foundation excavation
1) During excavation, the pile machine is parked perpendicular to the rectangular frame, the drill bit corresponds to the center of the width of the rectangular frame in the step 2), and the diameter of an excavated hole is enlarged by 50mm, namely, is respectively enlarged by 25mm outwards to ensure the basic size because the drill bit is circular, and in the embodiment, the diameter of the drilled hole is 150 mm;
2) the hole can be drilled in layers according to the actual rock-entering depth, and the drilling depth is generally controlled to be about 600 mm;
3) sequence of excavation
Dig the hole along the length direction interval of rectangle frame, the distance of overlapping between the adjacent drilling 50mm, drilling order both can be according to clockwise, also can anticlockwise, obtains the closed groove that is the rectangle structure. Generally, the closed slot with a rectangular structure obtained in the step has the length less than or equal to 600mm and the width less than or equal to 600 mm. If the length of the obtained closed groove with the rectangular structure is larger than 600mm, holes are dug at intervals in the width direction in the hollow part of the closed groove, the diameter of each dug hole is increased by 50mm compared with the width of the rectangular frame, the drilling depth is 550-650mm, the overlapping distance between two adjacent drill holes is larger than or equal to 50mm, and the distance between two adjacent rows of drill holes in the length direction is smaller than or equal to 600 mm. If the width of the obtained closed groove with the rectangular structure is larger than 600mm, holes are dug at intervals in the hollow space of the closed groove along the length direction, the diameter of each dug hole is increased by 50mm compared with the width of the rectangular frame, the drilling depth is 550-650mm, the overlapping distance between two adjacent drill holes is larger than or equal to 50mm, and the distance between two adjacent rows of drill holes along the width direction is smaller than or equal to 600 mm.
5. Cleaning bottom
And after the excavation is finished, excavating the obtained earthwork in the closed groove by using an excavator to obtain a base groove, and correcting the elevation and coordinate positioning of the bottom of the base groove. And (5) cleaning the floating soil at the bottom of the foundation trench and manually leveling. Draining and cleaning the area with underground water or accumulated water.
6. Acceptance and back cover
And excavating the foundation in batches, organizing related units to check and accept the foundation trench after each batch is finished, and leaving corresponding checking and accepting data for recording according to the regulations. And after the acceptance is passed, the operator is organized to pour the cushion layer on the foundation trench to obtain the strip foundation. If the waterproof layer is arranged, the waterproof layer and the protective layer are constructed according to the design requirement.
7. Binding of reinforcing steel bars
And after the strip-shaped foundation is obtained, the foundation positioning line is replaced. The reinforcing steel bars are conveyed to a construction site for binding after being processed in a centralized manner in the on-site processing shed. After the foundation reinforcing steel bars are bound, the inserting bar lines are placed on the gluten, and after the wall column reinforcing steel bars are constructed, concrete can be poured, and the foundation is obtained through forming.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a strip foundation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) site leveling
Removing sundries in the construction area;
2) measuring line
Calculating the coordinates of each foundation according to a design drawing, sequentially discharging each pile position by using a total station, performing closed correction, nailing a wood pile at the center of the pile or at four corners of the foundation, scattering rectangular frames corresponding to each pile position by using a tape measure and a line according to the design size, wherein the shape enclosed by the rectangular frames is adapted to the outline of the strip foundation;
3) pile driver in-place
Calculating the construction amount of earthwork according to the design drawing, and calculating the number of machines entering the field;
4) foundation digging hole
When holes are dug, a drill bit of the pile machine faces downwards vertically, corresponding to the center of the width of the rectangular frame in the step 2), holes are dug at intervals along the length direction of the rectangular frame, the diameter of each dug hole is enlarged by 50mm compared with the width of the rectangular frame, the drilling depth is 650mm, the overlapping distance between adjacent drilled holes is larger than or equal to 50mm, and a closed groove in a rectangular structure is obtained;
5) cleaning bottom
After hole digging is finished, digging away earthwork in the closed groove in the step 4) by using a digging machine to obtain a foundation groove, correcting the elevation and coordinate positioning of the bottom of the foundation groove, cleaning floating soil at the bottom of the foundation groove, and manually leveling;
6) back cover
And after bottom cleaning is finished, pouring a cushion layer on the foundation trench to obtain the strip foundation.
2. The construction method of the strip foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the construction amount of step 3) includes construction elevation, excavation area, filling area, and excavation and filling area earth volume.
3. The construction method of the strip foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rectangular frame of step 2) is a square frame.
4. The construction method of the strip foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the closed groove with the rectangular structure obtained in the step 4) has a length of 600mm or less and a width of 600mm or less.
5. The construction method of the strip foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the length of the closed groove with the rectangular structure obtained in step 4) is more than 600mm, holes are dug at intervals along the width direction in the hollow space of the closed groove, the diameter of each digging hole is 50mm larger than the width of the rectangular frame, the drilling depth is 550 mm and 650mm, the overlapping distance between adjacent drilling holes is more than or equal to 50mm, and the distance between two rows of drilling holes adjacent along the length direction is less than or equal to 600 mm.
6. The construction method of the strip foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the width of the closed groove with the rectangular structure obtained in step 4) is larger than 600mm, holes are dug at intervals along the length direction in the hollow space of the closed groove, the diameter of each digging hole is 50mm larger than the width of the rectangular frame, the drilling depth is 550 mm and 650mm, the overlapping distance between adjacent drilling holes is larger than or equal to 50mm, and the distance between two rows of drilling holes adjacent along the width direction is smaller than or equal to 600 mm.
7. The construction method of a strip foundation according to claim 1, wherein the drainage treatment is performed on the foundation trench in the area where groundwater or water is accumulated before the soil at the bottom of the foundation trench is cleaned in step 5).
8. The construction method of the strip foundation according to claim 1, wherein a waterproof layer is constructed before the cushion layer is poured in the step 6).
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| CN201910841653.5A CN110565671B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Construction method of strip foundation |
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| CN102400469B (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2014-03-19 | 北京健安诚岩土工程有限公司 | Secant pile drum type foundation and construction method thereof |
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