CN110564968A - Three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace - Google Patents
Three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN110564968A CN110564968A CN201910945527.4A CN201910945527A CN110564968A CN 110564968 A CN110564968 A CN 110564968A CN 201910945527 A CN201910945527 A CN 201910945527A CN 110564968 A CN110564968 A CN 110564968A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/023—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from pyrometallurgical residues, e.g. from ashes, dross, flue dust, mud, skim, slag, sludge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B47/00—Obtaining manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
- F27D11/10—Disposition of electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/02—Details
- H05B7/10—Mountings, supports, terminals or arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes
- H05B7/109—Feeding arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace, which comprises a conductive system, a furnace body, an electrode lifting system, a pelletizing system and an air blowing system, wherein the electrode lifting system is arranged on the furnace body; the furnace body is sequentially provided with a low-melting-point metal outlet, an iron outlet, a slag outlet and an air nozzle from bottom to top, a horizontal low-melting-point metal confluence groove is arranged in a furnace bottom refractory material layer, the refractory material layer above the confluence groove is a microporous refractory material, and the refractory material layer below the confluence groove is a high-density refractory material; the pelletizing system is positioned above the side of the furnace mouth, the manufactured pellets directly enter the hearth, CO generated by reaction in the furnace directly burns in furnace burden in the hearth under the combustion supporting of air blown in by the blast system, and the pellets and the furnace burden entering the furnace are dried and sintered. The three-phase alternating current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace has the advantages of high electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency, low investment, no secondary pollution and the like, and is particularly suitable for reducing and recovering metals in environment-friendly dust and powder mud.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection comprehensive treatment, in particular to a three-phase alternating-current submerged arc reduction furnace, and specifically relates to a three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environmental protection reduction furnace.
background
The environment-friendly recycled dust of ferrous metallurgy enterprises contains a large amount of metal elements such as Fe, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr and the like, and the prior art is to re-sinter and agglomerate (pellet) the dust and then send the dust back to a blast furnace, an electric furnace or a converter for smelting. In these methods, sintering requires a large consumption of coke powder and ignition energy, and in addition to a large equipment investment, a long production flow, and a high energy consumption, SO is regenerated during sintering2And discharging unorganized dust; the agglomeration needs to use a large amount of binder, which causes dust grade reduction, invisibly increases energy consumption and treatment capacity of subsequent treatment, besides high agglomeration cost and large equipment investment, and on the other hand, the agglomeration process is long, and the process has many dust points and is in a dispersed non-group form, thereby often causing serious secondary pollution to the environment.
In hydrometallurgy, a certain amount of anode sludge is necessarily produced at the anode of the electrolytic cell, which sludge contains, in addition to certain oxides of the electrolysis products, a large amount of Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn and a small amount of Ag element, and which sludge, as a result of its Pb content, is a hazardous waste. The prior art treatment of these hazardous wastes essentially remains at the level of the wet leach separation, internal circulation.
A semi-closed submerged arc furnace main body manufactured by the prior art comprises a furnace body, a conductive system, an electrode holding system and a lifting system, wherein a hearth is shallow and a material layer is thin, CO gas generated by reaction cannot react with oxides in furnace burden and reaches a furnace mouth to be oxidized by air to be directly combusted, and huge energy generated by combustion is directly taken away by smoke and cannot be utilized; although the sealed submerged arc furnace recovers CO gas generated by the reaction, the recycling investment is large, the occupied area is large, and the potential safety hazard in the recovery process is large; the equipment is difficult to adapt to the requirements of recycling powder and environment-friendly reclaimed materials.
The problem of open-circuit treatment of dust and hazardous waste generated in the pyrometallurgical industry and hydrometallurgy cannot be solved in the prior art, and the problem of secondary environmental pollution caused by high energy consumption, large investment, high process cost and adoption of an internal circulation mode is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace, which solves the problems in the prior art, provides open-circuit treatment with short flow, low cost, no secondary pollution in the process, energy conservation and environment protection for pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical enterprises, and can recover metal oxides such as lead, silver, zinc, nickel, chromium, manganese and the like in dust.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
A three-phase AC multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace comprises a furnace body, a conductive system, an electrode lifting system, a pelletizing system and an air blowing system; the electrode lifting system is positioned on the side surface of the furnace body, the conductive system is positioned right above the hearth and the electrode lifting system, and an electrode of the conductive system vertically extends into the hearth; the furnace body consists of a furnace shell, refractory materials and a hearth; the furnace shell is in a cylindrical shape with a bottom and no cover, the bottom plate and the circumferential plate are both made of steel plates, and the circumferential plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate; the furnace body comprises a furnace shell circumferential plate, a refractory material and a hearth from outside to inside in sequence; the furnace body comprises a furnace bottom plate, a refractory material, a high-density refractory material, a low-melting-point metal confluence groove, a microporous refractory material and a hearth from bottom to top in sequence; the furnace shell circumferential plate and the refractory material tightly attached to the inside of the furnace shell circumferential plate are sequentially provided with a low-melting-point metal discharge port, an iron outlet, a slag outlet and an air nozzle from bottom to top; the conductive system comprises a conductive copper bar, an electrode clamping device and an electrode; one end of the conductive copper bar is in sliding contact with the transformer output copper bar, and the other end of the conductive copper bar is fixedly connected with the electrode clamping device; the electrode clamping device clamps the electrode through a pressing mechanism; the conductive system is fixedly connected to the lifting system through an insulating piece and ascends or descends synchronously with the lifting system; the pelletizing system is positioned above the furnace mouth side of the furnace body.
Preferably, the conductive copper bar is horizontally arranged in a T shape, one transverse side of the T shape is in sliding contact with the copper bar sliding plate at the output end of the transformer, one vertical end of the T-shaped copper bar is fixedly connected with one transverse side of the T-shaped copper bar, and the other end of the T-shaped copper bar is fixedly connected with the electrode clamping device; and the vertical middle part of the T-shaped copper bar is fixedly connected with a mandril of the vertical electrode lifting system through an insulating element.
Preferably, the hearth pole center circle unit area power density of the furnace body is 300-1500kW/m2The power density of the unit area of the hearth is 60-200kW/m2The ratio of the diameter to the depth of the hearth is 1 (0.5-2.0); the interelectrode voltage gradient is 50-130V/m.
Preferably, the low-melting-point metal confluence groove is in a horizontal 'meter' shape or 'well' shape, 1-4 grooves in the low-melting-point metal confluence groove penetrate through the furnace wall refractory material layer and the furnace shell circumferential plate and are communicated with 1-4 low-melting-point metal discharge ports, and the low-melting-point metal confluence groove is 300-800mm lower than the hearth bottom.
preferably, the refractory material layer above the low-melting-point metal confluence groove is a microporous refractory material, and the refractory material layer below the low-melting-point metal confluence groove is a high-density refractory material.
Preferably, the microporous refractory material is a microporous semi-graphite brick or a microporous amorphous ramming mass; the high-density refractory material is a high-density half graphite brick or a high-density carbon brick or an amorphous ramming material.
Preferably, the three-phase electrodes of the conductive system are distributed in a positive angle shape or an inverted triangle shape; the three-phase conductive copper busbar is longer in length and larger in sectional area, and is used for overcoming the weak phase problem of the traditional three-phase large-current submerged arc furnace.
Preferably, the height of the tapping hole from the bottom of the hearth is 50-400mm, so that the low-melting-point alloy with high specific gravity has enough time to penetrate through the microporous material layer and flow to the confluence groove, and the number of the tapping holes is 1-3; the slag hole is 50-300mm higher than the tapping hole, and the number of the slag holes is 1-3; the discharge ports of the low-melting point metal are 300-600mm lower than the furnace bottom, and the number of the discharge ports is 1-4.
Preferably, the pelletizing system is a disc pelletizer, and finished pellets generated by the pelletizing system directly fall into the hearth.
Preferably, the electrode lifting system is a hydraulic lifting system or a turbine or scroll lifting system.
The working process of the three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace comprises the following steps: firstly, adding a certain amount of ignition conductive raw materials such as coke at the bottom of a furnace; secondly, inserting an electrode of a conductive system into the surface of the coke layer, and switching on a power switch to supply power to the furnace; thirdly, adding blocky dangerous waste to be treated, such as electrolytic manganese anode slag or solid waste alloy slag and blocky coke to cover the electrode gradually until the furnace mouth is approached; fourthly, starting a disk pelletizer positioned above the side of the furnace mouth, continuously and slowly conveying the dust to be treated into the pelletizer, simultaneously opening a water spray switch, continuously mixing the dust and water, rolling the mixture into balls, and automatically dropping the balls into the furnace mouth from the disk pelletizer after the balls reach a certain diameter; fifthly, opening a blast system, blowing combustion-supporting air into the furnace charge layer through an air nozzle, igniting the furnace to react and produce combustible CO gas; the heat released by the combustion of CO gas dries and sinters the pellets and the furnace burden; sixthly, continuously supplying power to the hearth through a conductive system, melting bottom layer furnace burden under the combined use of resistance heat and arc heat, and enabling the bottom layer furnace burden to pass through a furnace bottom coke layer in a zigzag mode with liquid drops and generate oxidation-reduction reaction with coke to generate metal liquid and CO gas; seventhly, low-melting point metal compounds such as oxides of lead, silver, selenium and the like preferentially react with carbon to generate metal liquid, and the alloy liquid with large specific gravity generated firstly penetrates through the microporous refractory material layer at the bottom of the furnace to flow into the low-melting point metal confluence groove at the bottom of the hearth and continuously flows out from a low-melting point metal outlet; eighthly, metal oxides which have high melting points and are difficult to reduce, such as iron and nickel oxides, are continuously melted and reduced into metals, and metal liquid cannot penetrate through microporous refractory materials at the bottom of the furnace due to high melting points and poor liquidity and is remained in the hearth; opening the tapping hole regularly to obtain the alloy of the high-melting-point metal; ninth, the more difficult-to-reduce metal oxides such as alumina, silica, etc. in the charge become slag and are intermittently discharged from the slag discharge port.
Compared with the prior art, the three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace has the following technical effects:
(1) Short flow, small occupied area and low cost. The powdery raw material powdery reducing agent is conveyed into a disc of a disc pelletizer at a constant speed in a closed way through a pipeline and is sprayed with water to be mixed with the outside to form a composite ball; the composite balls directly enter the top of the environment-friendly furnace after coming out of the disc pelletizer, and complex physical and chemical processes such as drying, sintering, solid reduction, melting separation, liquid reduction and the like are completed in the furnace;
(2) the electric furnace has high electric efficiency and thermal efficiency, external electric energy is transmitted to the deep part of the furnace chamber by copper bars and electrodes with excellent electric conductivity, the electrodes are deeply buried in furnace charge, the length of the direct sliding contact between the conductive copper bars and the output end of the transformer is greatly shortened, and long and drooping soft buses used by the traditional submerged arc furnace and the electric furnace are cancelled, so that the electric efficiency and the thermal efficiency are both extremely high;
(3) The CO gas generated by the reaction is effectively utilized in the furnace, because the hearth is deeper and deep in the hearth, the high-temperature CO gas generated by the reaction firstly generates an oxidation-reduction reaction with the solid oxide, the air blown by the unreacted high-temperature CO gas air supplementing nozzle is mixed and then combusted, and the heat generated by combustion is used for drying, heating and sintering the raw material at the upper part of the hearth, the operation efficiency of the furnace is greatly improved, and the energy conservation and consumption reduction are promoted;
(4) Realize the alloy separation, the metals with high density and low melting point, such as lead, lead-silver alloy, lead-tin alloy, and the like generated by the reaction in the furnace can smoothly flow into the confluence groove through the microporous refractory material layer and are discharged from the low melting point metal discharge port, thereby obtaining purer noble lead metal; the nickel-iron-manganese-chromium multi-element alloy with higher melting point is blocked in the hearth by the microporous material layer and is discharged intermittently from the tapping hole;
(5) Zero emission tends to be realized, the pelletizing system is positioned above the side of the furnace mouth, and the manufactured pellets directly enter the hearth, so that various problems caused by secondary, tertiary and multiple conveying are avoided; slag generated by the reaction in the furnace is quenched into an active material with high value; the flue gas discharged from the furnace is low-temperature micro-dust flue gas, the flue gas is collected and purified by an external large filtering area, low filtering wind speed and a film-coated filter bag dust remover, and the recovered dust returns to the pelletizing system again for reuse.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a three-phase AC multifunctional environmental reduction furnace according to the present invention;
In the figure, 1-furnace body 1.1-refractory material 1.2-high density carbon brick 1.3-low melting point metal confluence groove 1.4-low melting point metal discharge port 1.5-microporous carbon brick 1.6-iron outlet 1.7-slag outlet 1.8-air nozzle 1.9-furnace hearth 1.10-furnace shell 1.10.1-furnace body plate 1.10.2-furnace bottom plate 2-blast system 3-disk pelletizer 4-conductive system 4.1-electrode 4.2-electrode clamping device 4.3-T-shaped conductive copper bar 4.3.1-vertical conductive sliding plate 4.3.2-horizontal conductive copper plate 5-hydraulic electrode lifting system 5.1-hydraulic rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art and achieve the purposes of energy conservation, environmental protection, high efficiency, no secondary pollution, short flow, less investment, compact device, small occupied area and zero emission.
in order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to fig. 1 and the following detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, embodiment 1 provides a three-phase ac multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace, which includes a furnace body 1, a blowing system 2, a disk pelletizer 3, a conductive system 4 and a hydraulic electrode lifting system 5; wherein the furnace body 1 comprises refractory materials 1.1, high-density carbon bricks 1.2, a low-melting-point metal confluence groove 1.3, a low-melting-point metal discharge port 1.4, microporous carbon bricks 1.5, an iron outlet 1.6, a slag outlet 1.7, an air nozzle 1.8, a hearth 1.9 and a furnace shell 1.10; the furnace body 1 sequentially comprises a furnace bottom plate 1.10.2 of a furnace shell 1.10, a refractory material 1.1, a high-density carbon brick 1.2, a low-melting-point metal confluence groove 1.3, a microporous carbon brick 1.5 and a hearth 1.9 from bottom to top in the vertical direction; the furnace body 1 is sequentially provided with a furnace body plate 1.10.1 of a furnace shell 1.10, refractory materials 1.1 and a hearth 1.9 from outside to inside on the horizontal section of the hearth 1.9 at the effective height; the furnace body plate 1.10.1 and the refractory material 1.1 tightly attached inside the furnace body plate are sequentially provided with a low-melting-point metal discharge port 1.4, an iron outlet 1.6, a slag outlet 1.7 and an air nozzle 1.8 from bottom to top in the vertical direction; the air nozzles 1.8 communicate with the blower system 2.
The hydraulic electrode lifting system 5 is positioned between the side surface of the furnace body 1 and the transformer for the power supply furnace; the conductive system 4 comprises an electrode 4.1, an electrode clamping device 4.2 and a T-shaped conductive copper bar 4.3, the conductive system 4 is positioned right above the hearth and the hydraulic electrode lifting system 5, the electrode 4.1 vertically extends into the hearth, a vertical conductive sliding plate 4.3.1 of the T-shaped conductive copper bar 4.3 is in close contact with the surface-to-surface of a sliding plate of the transformer output copper bar, a horizontal conductive copper plate 4.3.2 of the T-shaped conductive copper bar 4.3 is fixedly connected with the electrode clamping device 4.2, and the electrode clamping device 4.2 clamps the electrode 4.1 through a pressing mechanism; the conductive system 4 is fixedly connected with the top end of a hydraulic rod 5.1 of the hydraulic electrode lifting system 5 in an insulating way through a horizontal conductive copper plate 4.3.2 of a T-shaped conductive copper bar 4.3; the conductive system 4 can be raised or lowered synchronously with the hydraulic electrode lifting system 5.
The circumferential air pipe of the blowing system 2 is provided with an outer circumference with the height similar to that of the air nozzle 1.8 and is fixedly connected with the air nozzle 1.8 through an air valve; the disc pelletizer 3 is arranged above the furnace mouth at the other side of the furnace body 1 corresponding to the hydraulic electrode lifting system 5.
(1) the power density per unit area of the electrode center circle of the hearth 1.9 of the furnace body 1 is 300kW/m2The power density of the unit area of the hearth is 60kW/m2the ratio of the diameter to the depth of the hearth is 1: 1.5; the interelectrode voltage gradient is 50V/m; the three-phase conductive electrodes 4.1 are arranged in an inverted triangle (seen from the side of the transformer to the furnace body), and the sectional area of the copper bar positioned in one phase in the middle is slightly smaller than that of the other two phases; the iron outlets 1.6 are 50mm higher than the hearth bottom, and the number of the iron outlets is 1; the slag hole 1.7 is 50mm higher than the central line of the tap hole 1.6, and the number is 1; the low-melting-point metal confluence groove 1.3 and the low-melting-point metal discharge port 1.4 are 300mm lower than the hearth bottom, and the number is 1; the low-melting-point metal confluence groove 1.3 is in a meter shape, and 1 groove penetrates through the furnace wall refractory material layer and the furnace shell circumferential plate to be communicated with 1 low-melting-point metal outlet 1.4; the air nozzles are 500mm above the slag outlet 1.7 and 6 in number.
Example 2
Embodiment 2 provides a three-phase ac multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace, and on the basis of embodiment 1, the three-phase ac multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace of embodiment 2 is different from the three-phase ac multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace of embodiment 1 only in the following points:
The power density per unit area of the electrode center circle of the hearth 1.9 of the furnace body 1 is 1000kW/m2The power density of the unit area of the hearth is 120kW/m2the depth ratio of the hearth diameter to the hearth diameter is 1: 1; the interelectrode voltage gradient is 100V/m; the iron outlets 1.6 are 200mm higher than the hearth bottom, and the number of the iron outlets is 2; the slag hole 1.7 is 100mm higher than the central line of the iron notch 1.6, and the number is 2; the low-melting-point metal confluence groove 1.3 and the low-melting-point metal discharge port 1.4 are 400mm lower than the hearth bottom, and the number of the low-melting-point metal discharge ports 1.4 is 2; the low-melting-point metal confluence groove 1.3 is in a 'well' shape, and 2 grooves penetrate through a furnace wall refractory material layer and a furnace shell circumferential plate and are directly communicated with 2 low-melting-point metal discharge ports 1.4; the air nozzles are 1000mm above the slag outlet 1.7, and the number of the air nozzles is 12;
(2) Replacing the high-density carbon brick 1.2 with a high-density caking material, and replacing the microporous carbon brick 1.5 with a microporous caking material;
(3) The hydraulic electrode lifting system 5 is replaced by a turbine and a worm lifting system;
(4) the T-shaped conductive copper bar 4.3 is replaced by a one-shaped conductive copper bar.
Example 3
Embodiment 3 provides a three-phase ac multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace, and on the basis of embodiment 1, the three-phase ac multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace of embodiment 3 is different from the three-phase ac multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace of embodiment 1 only in the following points:
The power density per unit area of the electrode center circle of the hearth 1.9 of the furnace body 1 is 1500kW/m2the power density of the unit area of the hearth is 150kW/m2The ratio of the diameter to the depth of the hearth is 1: 0.8; the interelectrode voltage gradient is 130V/m; the iron outlets 1.6 are 300mm higher than the hearth bottom, and the number of the iron outlets is 2; the slag hole 1.7 is 300mm higher than the central line of the iron notch 1.6, and the number is 2; the low-melting-point metal confluence groove 1.3 and the low-melting-point metal discharge port 1.4 are 600mm lower than the hearth bottom, and the number of the low-melting-point metal discharge ports 1.4 is 2; the low-melting-point metal confluence groove 1.3 is in a 'well' shape, and 2 grooves penetrate through a furnace wall refractory material layer and a furnace shell circumferential plate and are directly communicated with 2 low-melting-point metal discharge ports 1.4;
(1) the air nozzles 1.8 are located 2000mm above the slag outlet 1.7, 24 in number.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the term "tap hole" broadly refers to various alloy liquid outflow ports in the furnace and cannot be understood as a tap hole for pure molten iron; the "low-melting point metal" refers to a metal having a high density and a low melting point.
the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A three-phase exchanges multi-functional environmental protection reducing furnace which characterized in that: comprises a furnace body, a conductive system, an electrode lifting system, a pelletizing system and a blowing system; the electrode lifting system is positioned on the side surface of the furnace body, the conductive system is positioned right above the hearth and the electrode lifting system, and an electrode of the conductive system vertically extends into the hearth; the furnace body consists of a furnace shell, refractory materials and a hearth; the furnace shell is in a cylindrical shape with a bottom and no cover, the bottom plate and the circumferential plate are both made of steel plates, and the circumferential plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate; the furnace body comprises a furnace shell circumferential plate, a refractory material and a hearth from outside to inside in sequence; the furnace body comprises a furnace bottom plate, a refractory material, a high-density refractory material, a low-melting-point metal confluence groove, a microporous refractory material and a hearth from bottom to top in sequence; the furnace shell circumferential plate and the refractory material tightly attached to the inside of the furnace shell circumferential plate are sequentially provided with a low-melting-point metal discharge port, an iron outlet, a slag outlet and an air nozzle from bottom to top; the conductive system comprises a conductive copper bar, an electrode clamping device and an electrode; one end of the conductive copper bar is in sliding contact with the transformer output copper bar, and the other end of the conductive copper bar is fixedly connected with the electrode clamping device; the electrode clamping device clamps the electrode through a pressing mechanism; the conductive system is fixedly connected to the lifting system through an insulating piece and ascends or descends synchronously with the lifting system; the pelletizing system is positioned above the furnace mouth side of the furnace body.
2. The three-phase alternating current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-melting-point metal confluence groove is in a horizontal meter shape or a horizontal well shape, 1-4 grooves in the low-melting-point metal confluence groove penetrate through a furnace wall refractory material layer and a furnace shell circumferential plate and are communicated with 1-4 low-melting-point metal discharge ports, and the low-melting-point metal confluence groove is 300-800mm lower than the hearth bottom; the refractory material layer above the low melting point metal confluence groove is a microporous refractory material, and the refractory material layer below the low melting point metal confluence groove is a high-density refractory material.
3. the three-phase alternating current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: the microporous refractory material is a microporous carbon brick, and the high-density refractory material is a high-density semi-graphite carbon brick.
4. The three-phase alternating current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the depth ratio of the hearth diameter to the hearth diameter is 1 (0.5-2.0).
5. The three-phase alternating current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the air nozzles is 3-24.
6. The three-phase alternating current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the low-melting-point metal discharge ports is 1-4, the number of the iron outlets is 1-3, and the number of the slag outlets is 1-3.
7. The three-phase alternating current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pelletizing system is a disc pelletizer.
8. the three-phase alternating current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrode lifting system is a hydraulic lifting system or a turbine or worm lifting system.
9. The three-phase alternating current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-melting-point metal discharge port is 300-800mm lower than the hearth bottom, the height of the tapping hole from the hearth bottom is 50-400mm, the slag hole is 50-300mm higher than the tapping hole, and the air nozzle is 500-2000mm above the slag hole.
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| CN201910945527.4A CN110564968A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace |
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| CN201910945527.4A CN110564968A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace |
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| DE4025084A1 (en) * | 1990-08-08 | 1992-02-13 | Fuchs Systemtechnik Gmbh | DC arc furnace with air-cooled electrodes - has steel plate bottom housing forming anode connection via several conductor attachments |
| JP2000337776A (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2000-12-08 | Nkk Corp | Method for improving secondary combustion rate and heating efficiency of melting furnace, or the like |
| CN105177220A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-23 | 钦州西北冶金设备有限公司 | Multifunctional shakable electric refining furnace for iron alloys |
| CN106636841A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-05-10 | 聊城大学 | Metal microporous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN210945730U (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-07-07 | 曾世林 | Three-phase alternating-current multifunctional environment-friendly reduction furnace |
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2019
- 2019-09-30 CN CN201910945527.4A patent/CN110564968A/en active Pending
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| DE4025084A1 (en) * | 1990-08-08 | 1992-02-13 | Fuchs Systemtechnik Gmbh | DC arc furnace with air-cooled electrodes - has steel plate bottom housing forming anode connection via several conductor attachments |
| JP2000337776A (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2000-12-08 | Nkk Corp | Method for improving secondary combustion rate and heating efficiency of melting furnace, or the like |
| CN105177220A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-23 | 钦州西北冶金设备有限公司 | Multifunctional shakable electric refining furnace for iron alloys |
| CN106636841A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-05-10 | 聊城大学 | Metal microporous material and preparation method thereof |
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| （美）伯尔特，R等编，刘自强等译, 化学工业出版社 * |
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