CN102321806A - Smelting method for processing zinc leaching residue by oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace - Google Patents
Smelting method for processing zinc leaching residue by oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102321806A CN102321806A CN201110301756A CN201110301756A CN102321806A CN 102321806 A CN102321806 A CN 102321806A CN 201110301756 A CN201110301756 A CN 201110301756A CN 201110301756 A CN201110301756 A CN 201110301756A CN 102321806 A CN102321806 A CN 102321806A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting method for processing zinc leaching residues by an oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace. According to the smelting method of the invention, an oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace is used to process zinc leaching residues; crushed coal is used as a reducing agent, and is blended with zinc leaching residues in proportion; the mixture is added into the oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace for smelting and fuming. The invention can effectively recover valuable metals such as zinc, silver, indium, lead, copper, and the like, and has the advantages of low production cost, high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic substance and metallurgical type technical field, be specifically related to the smelting process that a kind of oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove is handled zinc leaching residue.
Background technology
In zinc metallurgical process, no matter adopt conventional zinc hydrometallurgy, or the high temperature peracid leaches or the direct leaching-out technique zinc metallurgy of oxygen, all unavoidably can produce a large amount of slag charges.Contain valuable metals such as a large amount of zinc, silver, indium, lead, copper in these slag charges, contain zinc about 20% like conventional zinc hydrometallurgy leached mud, the sulphur mine tailings are leaded about 10%, more than the argentiferous 100g/t, the about 1500g/t of the hot filter residue argentiferous of sulphur.These slag charges must pass through smelts the valuable metal that reclaims wherein.Metal existing mostly in these slag charges simultaneously with vitriol; Can be water-soluble except that lead sulfate; Heavy metal ion and sulfate ion can get into the face of land along with rainwater; Surface water is polluted, must carry out harmless treatment, form the undissolved vitreum slag of stable in properties through high melt.
Traditional zinc leaching residue material generally adopts the rotary kiln processing of volatilizing, and acts as a fuel and reductive agent with coke powder.Because rotary kiln is the smelting equipment of rotary type, poor sealing performance, air leak rate of air curtain is high, and exhaust gas volumn is big, and the heat that flue gas is taken away is many; When rotary kiln was handled leached mud simultaneously, material was the semi-melting state, did not stir; Mass-and heat-transfer weak effect, partial reduction agent (coke powder) do not carry out chemical reaction and directly get into kiln slag and be discharged from, and cause energy consumption very high; The coke powder rate of allocating into is 50%, promptly handles slag charge per ton and will consume about 0.5 ton of coke powder, and production cost is high; This is because it is to smelt at the semi-melting state that rotary kiln is handled leached mud, and the mass-and heat-transfer poor causes having reductive agent over half not participate in reaction at all and directly gets into kiln slag; The producer that has carries out flotation to kiln slag, can select 20% burnt grain from kiln slag.Simultaneously, can not form the molten bath because material is the semi-melting state, can't form slag mutually with the metallographic phase slag, gold and silver can not enrichment in lead bullion, the valuable metal of volatility differences such as therefore plumbous, gold and silver and copper can not get reclaiming basically, the entering kiln slag is dropped.Because the rotary kiln device air leak rate of air curtain is high, is not easy to adopt oxygen-rich air, causes exhaust gas volumn big, SO
2Concentration is low, can not allocate system for preparing sulfuric acid into and reclaim SO wherein
2Directly discharging can not be satisfied environmental requirement again, must carry out desulfurization and handle.The general alkali that adopts absorbs, the by-product sale difficulty of generation, and construction investment, production cost increase.
The direct lead smelting process of base husband's Saite has collocation to handle the practical experience of zinc leaching residue, but is not that each zinc metallurgy enterprise all has lead refinery, even lead refinery is arranged, also not necessarily adopts basic husband's Saite directly to refine splicer's skill.Therefore researching and developing special zinc leaching residue processing smelting process is very important.
What the present invention proposed handles the zinc leaching residue technology with the oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove, can overcome rotary kiln and handle the unrenewable shortcomings of valuable metal such as the leached mud energy consumption is high, flue gas low concentration SO 2 intractability is big, lead, silver, copper.Present oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove is used for lead, copper is smelted.The key that the oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove is handled the zinc leaching residue technology is: according to the chemical ingredients and the thing phase composite of different slag charges; The metallurgical thermodynamics of research leached mud melting and fuming and metallurgical power are learned; Set up Pb etc. polynary heterogeneous predominance-region diagram, the research directed stripping technique of valuable metal in smelting process.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the problem that traditional rotary kiln is handled that energy consumption is high in the zinc leaching residue material process, exhaust gas volumn is big, production cost is high, can not the efficient recovery valuable metal; A kind of smelting process of utilizing the oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove to handle zinc leaching residue is provided; This method energy consumption is low, exhaust gas volumn is little, production cost is little, valuable metals such as ability efficient recovery lead, silver, copper.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is:
Utilize the oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting furnace to handle the smelting process of zinc leaching residue, steps flow chart is as shown in Figure 1, is specially:
(1) zinc leaching residue and reductive agent, flux are carried out batching according to 1: 0.2～0.25: 0.1～0.2, mix the back and deliver to oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove furnace roof, add in the stove continuously through furnace roof solid material charging opening again through handling equipment;
(2) blasting oxygen concentration is 45%～85% oxygen-rich air, melting under 1300～1400 ℃ of conditions, and base bullion that melting produces or argentiferous matte sink to the cupola well bottom and discharge;
(3) slag of melting generation carries out fuming, and the zinc in the slag, indium volatilization get into flue gas;
(4) flue gas purifies the back discharging through waste heat boiler cooling, dust-precipitator and desulfurizer, and the secondary zinc oxide flue dust is collected at waste heat boiler and dust-precipitator bottom.
Wherein, zinc leaching residue comprises the leached mud of conventional zinc hydrometallurgy output, and the high temperature peracid leaches plumbous silver-colored slag, the iron slag of output, and oxygen directly leaches the sulphur mine tailings and the hot filter residue of sulphur of output.
Acting as a fuel when wherein, broken coal is as reductive agent provides reaction required heat.
Wherein, flux is Wingdale or Wingdale and quartzite mixture.
Compared with techniques with existing traditional rotary kiln processing zinc leaching residue the invention has the advantages that:
1, the smelting process of utilizing the oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove to handle zinc leaching residue uses broken coal as reductive agent and fuel, replaces higher coke powder and the fine coal of price, and production cost reduces.
When 2, handling cadmia with the oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove, smelting process is carried out under molten state, sprays into oxygen-rich air and forms strong agitation; Mass-and heat-transfer is effective, and the reductive agent utilization ratio is high, and the broken coal rate of allocating into is merely 20～25%; Compare with rotary kiln, the reductive agent consumption can be saved more than 50%.
3, because oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove good airproof performance; Air leak rate of air curtain is low; Can adopt the oxygen-rich air of oxygen concentration 45%～85%; Thereby the heat that the exhaust gas volumn of making and flue gas are taken away reduces significantly, and the energy consumption of smelting process is reduced significantly, and rotary kiln of handling 40,000 tons/year of leached muds is exhaust gas volumn 50000～60000m per hour
3/ h, an exhaust gas volumn of handling the oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove of 100,000 tons/year of leached muds is 25000～30000m
3/ h.Because exhaust gas volumn reduces SO significantly
2Concentration brings up to 1.5%～2.5%, can allocate fluidized bed roasting flue gas acid preparing system recoveries SO into
2, the construction cost and the production cost of minimizing smoke processing system.
4, the base bullion of melting generation or argentiferous matte sink to the cupola well bottom, discharge through the siphon escape orifice, can the efficient recovery valuable metal.
5, the device processes ability of the present invention's use is big, and a bed ability reaches 60)～80t/m
2.d, floor space is little, has environmental protection, energy-conservation, the recovery rate of valuable metals advantages of higher.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of processing zinc leaching residue material smelting process of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Designed capacity is year to handle 100,000 tons of zinc leaching residue and the lead skims of conventional zinc hydrometallurgy output, and the actual treatment amount is leached mud 79710t/a, lead skim 18890t/a, the staple of leached mud and lead skim such as following table:
| Project | Pb | Zn | Cu | S | Fe | SiO 2 | CaO | Ag?g/t | In?g/t |
| Leached mud | 3.57 | 22.21 | 1.42 | 6.52 | 25.79 | 3.14 | 0.31 | 371.8 | 180 |
| Lead skim | 44.32 | 12.12 | 0.06 | 11.57 | 4.63 | 4.27 | 2.35 | 44.03 | - |
Adopt 10m
2The oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting furnace smelt, need allocate 13000 tons of quartzites, 6500 tons in Wingdale every year into, consume 24500 tons of broken coals.
Leached mud, lead skim carry out batching with reductive agent, flux.Proportioning is according to zinc leaching residue+lead skim: quartzite: Wingdale: broken coal is about 1: 0.13: 0.065: 0.245.The material for preparing mixes in blender, delivers to furnace roof through handling equipment, adds in the stove continuously through the top filling mouth again;
The nozzle that oxygen concentration is 70% oxygen-rich air through the stove both sides sprays into and carries out melting in the stove, 1300～1400 ℃ of smelting temperatures.Be divided into lead bullion layer, matte layer (raw material cupric Gao Shicai has) and slag blanket in the stove.Silver, plumbous, copper entering lead bullion, base bullion (or argentiferous matte) sinks to the cupola well bottom, through the siphon port regular discharge, 11170 tons of leaded 95% lead bullion of output, wherein argentiferous is 29.6 tons.3000 tons of about 30% matte of cupric, 908 tons of cuprics;
Slag carries out fuming, and zinc, indium volatilization get into flue gas, and the cooling of flue gas process waste heat boiler, dust-precipitator and desulfurizer purify the back discharging, obtain the secondary zinc oxide flue dust at waste heat boiler and the collection of dust-precipitator bottom.Output contains 33000 tons of zinc 57% secondary zinc oxide flue dust, wherein contains 13.23 tons of indiums, as raw material recovery zinc, the indium wherein of zinc hydrometallurgy.
Metal recovery rate is respectively lead 95%, zinc 96%, silver 98%, copper 80%, indium 76%.
Claims (3)
1. a smelting process of utilizing the oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove to handle zinc leaching residue is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) zinc leaching residue and reductive agent, flux are carried out batching according to 1: 0.2～0.25: 0.1～0.2, mix the back and deliver to oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove furnace roof, add in the stove continuously through furnace roof solid material charging opening again through handling equipment;
(2) blasting oxygen concentration is 45%～85% oxygen-rich air, melting under 1300～1400 ℃ of conditions, and base bullion that melting produces or argentiferous matte sink to the cupola well bottom and discharge;
(3) slag of melting generation carries out fuming, and the zinc in the slag, indium volatilization get into flue gas;
(4) flue gas purifies the back discharging through waste heat boiler cooling, dust-precipitator and desulfurizer, and the secondary zinc oxide flue dust is collected at waste heat boiler and dust-precipitator bottom.
2. oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove as claimed in claim 1 is handled the smelting process of zinc leaching residue, it is characterized in that: with broken coal as reductive agent.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 oxygen-enriched side-blowing stove is handled the smelting process of zinc leaching residue, and it is characterized in that: in the smelting process, zinc leaching residue is in molten state.
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Cited By (18)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102634653A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-08-15 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | Side-blowing material-smelting production method |
| CN103421955A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-12-04 | 湖南水口山有色金属集团有限公司 | Zinc leaching slag treatment method |
| CN103421958A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-12-04 | 湖南水口山有色金属集团有限公司 | Method for processing zinc leaching cinder through adopting oxygen enrichment and smelting for bottom blown furnace |
| CN103695663A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-02 | 来宾华锡冶炼有限公司 | Smelting method of high-iron multi-metal zinc concentrate |
| CN103710544A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-09 | 昆明理工大学科技产业经营管理有限公司 | Method for comprehensively recovering valuable metals from zinc smelting slag |
| CN104789793A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-07-22 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Horizontal rotary furnace for smelting precious metals, and precious metal smelting method |
| CN106178916A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-07 | 南丹县南方有色金属有限责任公司 | Kiln fume treatment new technology opened by zinc leaching residue rotary kiln |
| CN106222432A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 四川省新源泰环保科技有限责任公司 | A kind of rotary hearth furnace processes the method that Zinc Hydrometallurgy Residue reclaims valuable element |
| CN106854698A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-06-16 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The processing method and system of zinc leaching residue |
| CN107881323A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-04-06 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of oxygen-enriched reinforcing method of roasting of nonferrous metal resources |
| CN108239705A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-03 | 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 | A kind of zinc leaching residue processing dual chamber Double bottom side-blown converter and its processing method |
| CN108330277A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-27 | 灵武市永宏工贸有限公司 | A kind of improved environment-friendly type zinc leaching residue technique |
| CN108330294A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-27 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | A kind of four connect the method for stove processing smelting charge of lead and zinc |
| CN109182771A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-11 | 常宁市华兴冶化实业有限责任公司 | A method of recycling zinc from Zinc volatilization kiln slag |
| CN110453079A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-15 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of silver-colored method in fusing-fuming process high efficiente callback lead smelting gas |
| CN111286628A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-06-16 | 葫芦岛宏跃北方铜业有限责任公司 | Comprehensive recovery method using zinc volatilization kiln slag as fuel |
| CN113073205A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-06 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Zinc smelting equipment and zinc smelting process |
| CN113373313A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-10 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for recovering indium in lead-silver slag by melting desulfurization-fuming indium volatilization |
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| CN102634653A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-08-15 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | Side-blowing material-smelting production method |
| CN103421955A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-12-04 | 湖南水口山有色金属集团有限公司 | Zinc leaching slag treatment method |
| CN103421958A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-12-04 | 湖南水口山有色金属集团有限公司 | Method for processing zinc leaching cinder through adopting oxygen enrichment and smelting for bottom blown furnace |
| CN103421955B (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2015-06-24 | 湖南水口山有色金属集团有限公司 | Zinc leaching slag treatment method |
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| CN106178916A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-07 | 南丹县南方有色金属有限责任公司 | Kiln fume treatment new technology opened by zinc leaching residue rotary kiln |
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| CN106854698A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-06-16 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The processing method and system of zinc leaching residue |
| CN107881323A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-04-06 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of oxygen-enriched reinforcing method of roasting of nonferrous metal resources |
| CN108239705A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-03 | 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 | A kind of zinc leaching residue processing dual chamber Double bottom side-blown converter and its processing method |
| CN108239705B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-09-06 | 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 | A kind of zinc leaching residue processing dual chamber Double bottom side-blown converter and its processing method |
| CN108330277A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-27 | 灵武市永宏工贸有限公司 | A kind of improved environment-friendly type zinc leaching residue technique |
| CN108330294A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-27 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | A kind of four connect the method for stove processing smelting charge of lead and zinc |
| CN109182771A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-11 | 常宁市华兴冶化实业有限责任公司 | A method of recycling zinc from Zinc volatilization kiln slag |
| CN110453079A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-15 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of silver-colored method in fusing-fuming process high efficiente callback lead smelting gas |
| CN110453079B (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2021-04-16 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for efficiently recovering silver in lead-silver slag by melting-fuming method |
| CN111286628A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-06-16 | 葫芦岛宏跃北方铜业有限责任公司 | Comprehensive recovery method using zinc volatilization kiln slag as fuel |
| CN113073205A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-06 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Zinc smelting equipment and zinc smelting process |
| CN113373313A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-10 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for recovering indium in lead-silver slag by melting desulfurization-fuming indium volatilization |
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