CN110552679B - Natural gas well supersonic speed separator based on magneto-rheological elastomer intelligence shock attenuation - Google Patents
Natural gas well supersonic speed separator based on magneto-rheological elastomer intelligence shock attenuation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110552679B CN110552679B CN201910924889.5A CN201910924889A CN110552679B CN 110552679 B CN110552679 B CN 110552679B CN 201910924889 A CN201910924889 A CN 201910924889A CN 110552679 B CN110552679 B CN 110552679B
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002343 natural gas well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/38—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well in the well
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A natural gas well supersonic speed separation device based on intelligent damping of a magnetorheological elastomer is characterized in that a supersonic speed separator is seated in a shaft sleeve and sequentially comprises an inlet equal-straight section, a subsonic convergence section, an initial supersonic speed expansion section and a supersonic speed expansion section from front to back; the cyclone is arranged at the inlet section and is externally connected with a gear meshed with the generator, a lead in the motor penetrates through the magnetorheological elastomer, and the magnetorheological elastomer is sealed at the part of the supersonic jet empty rotary body which is easy to vibrate, such as a reducing pipe and a throat pipe which are locally gradually expanded; the elastic modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer can be intelligently adjusted along with the flow velocity of the supersonic speed nozzle inlet, so that the damping and buffering effects between the sleeve and the nozzle are realized, the service life of the supersonic speed nozzle is prolonged, and the magnetorheological elastomer has great economic value for the development of natural gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas production, and particularly relates to a magnetorheological elastomer intelligent damping-based supersonic speed separation device for a natural gas well.
Background
In recent years, with the intensive research on natural gas resources, the purification technology level of natural gas is gradually improved. The natural gas is composed of a plurality of components, and comprises water, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and other impurities besides a main component of methane, wherein the water is easy to be converted from gas state to liquid water in the transportation and treatment process of the natural gas, the liquid water can form hydrates with certain components in the natural gas, and excessive hydrate accumulation easily causes pipeline blockage and influences production. In addition, the liquid water is easy to dissolve the acid gas in the natural gas to form an acid solution, which causes serious corrosion to the equipment such as pipelines, valves and the like, reduces the service life of the equipment and improves the production cost.
The supersonic separator consists of supersonic wings (separating blades), Laval nozzle, supersonic rectifier, diffuser pipe and other members, and these members form one communicated pipeline to ensure the smooth flow of fluid. In the supersonic cyclone separator, a gas-liquid mixture firstly forms a strong cyclone field, then the gas-liquid mixture is adiabatically expanded to supersonic speed through a Laval nozzle, the temperature and the pressure of the gas-liquid mixture are reduced, heavy hydrocarbon and water vapor in natural gas reach a supersaturated state and begin to condense, a nucleation phenomenon occurs, liquid drops begin to grow, and the gas-liquid mixture is formed. And finally, under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid drops in the mixed flow swirl to the pipe wall. The fluid that resides in the pipeline inner wall will flow along the pipe wall, and the fluid of pipe wall department contains partial heavy hydrocarbon and moisture composition, through separator with the outer air current with center department air current separation, realizes the separation of gas and condensate liquid, and the air current that resides in pipeline center department becomes dry gas, and the dry gas flows into the diffuser pipe speed reduction and steps up, resumes partial pressure drop loss. At present, the main problems of the supersonic separator are that a series of shock waves are generated when high-speed gas collides with a swirl vane, so that the parts of a reducing pipe, a throat pipe, a local reducing pipe and the like are vibrated, energy loss is generated, even a flow field is affected seriously, the low-temperature and low-pressure environment is damaged, liquid drops volatilize in a separation section, and the separation efficiency is reduced.
The magnetorheological elastomer is prepared by doping micrometer-sized ferromagnetic particles into a high-molecular polymer and curing the mixture in a magnetic field environment, so that the particles in a matrix have a chain or columnar structure. The elastic modulus of the material can change along with the intensity of the external magnetic field, so that the material is expected to be widely applied to the variable-stiffness device and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the intelligent damping natural gas well supersonic speed separation device based on the magnetorheological elastomer, which has the characteristics of controllability, reversibility, quick response and the like and has the advantage of good stability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a natural gas well supersonic speed separator based on intelligent damping of a magnetorheological elastomer is seated in a shaft sleeve 1 and is positioned above the liquid level at the bottom of a shaft; comprises an inlet equal straight section 8, a subsonic convergence section 9, a supersonic rectification section 10 and a supersonic expansion section 12 which are coaxially and fixedly connected in sequence;
the inlet equal straight section 8 is an inlet for pretreated natural gas, a swirler 2 is arranged at the inlet, and a gear at the edge of the swirler 2 is externally connected with a small generator 3;
the subsonic velocity convergence section 9 is externally wrapped with a magnetorheological elastomer 4 wrapped by a seal ring 6, the inside of the subsonic velocity convergence section is a continuously contracted shaft revolution curved surface, a lead 5 is arranged outside the positive electrode of the motor 3, and the lead 5 is connected back to the negative electrode of the motor 3 after passing through the magnetorheological elastomer 4 to form a loop;
the connection section of the subsonic convergence section 9 and the supersonic rectification section 10 is a throat section with a gradually-reduced and gradually-enlarged cross section.
The supersonic fairing section 10 has a terminal radius equal to the radius of the internal flow path of the initial section of the supersonic expansion section 12.
The outer part of the supersonic expansion section 12 is filled with the magnetorheological elastomer 4 coated by the sealing ring 6, the inner part of the supersonic expansion section 12 is a continuously expanded arc curved surface, and an inner runner of the supersonic expansion section 12 forms a circular table which is provided with a multiphase flow outlet 11.
The radius of the continuous contraction circular arc of the subsonic convergence section 9 is the same as that of the circular arc of the inlet equal straight section 8.
The expansion radius of the supersonic expansion section 12 is larger than the radius of the inner flow channel of the supersonic rectifying section 10.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
when natural gas flows through the swirler 2 in the inlet equal straight pipe 8, the rotational mechanical force generated by the swirler 2 supplies power to the motor 3, current in the motor 3 flows through the magnetorheological elastomer through the conducting wire, the elastic modulus speed of the magnetorheological elastomer changes, when the speed of the natural gas flowing into the throat is high, the current in the motor 2 is increased, the elastic modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer is increased, the super-factor spray pipe can be firmly grasped, when the speed of the natural gas flowing through the throat is reduced, the current in the motor 2 is reduced, the elastic modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer is reduced, and the constraint on the supersonic spray pipe can be released. The relaxation of the magnetorheological elastomer not only embodies the intelligent adjustment of the elastic modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer along with the inlet flow velocity, but also realizes the functions of shock absorption and buffering between the sleeve and the supersonic speed spray pipe, and prolongs the service life of the supersonic speed spray pipe.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the intelligent damping natural gas well supersonic separation device based on the magnetorheological elastomer is seated in a shaft casing 1 and is positioned above the liquid level at the bottom of a shaft; comprises an inlet equal straight section 8, a subsonic convergence section 9, a supersonic rectification section 10 and a supersonic expansion section 12 which are coaxially and fixedly connected in sequence;
the inlet equal straight section 8 is an inlet for pretreated natural gas, a swirler 2 is arranged at the inlet, a gear at the edge of the swirler 2 is externally connected with a small generator 3, a lead 5 is externally arranged at the anode of the motor 3, and the lead 5 is connected back to the cathode of the motor 3 after passing through the magnetorheological elastomer 4 to form a loop;
the outer part of the subsonic convergence section 9 is wrapped with the magnetorheological elastomer 4 wrapped by the seal ring 6, and the inner part is a continuously contracted shaft revolution surface;
the connection section of the subsonic convergence section 9 and the supersonic rectification section 10 is a throat section with a gradually-reduced and gradually-enlarged cross section, and as the throat is gradually reduced, the fluid is throttled and depressurized in the throat, and the fluid is cooled due to depressurization, so that moisture is condensed out of the fluid, and the purpose of gas-water separation is achieved;
the radius of the tail end of the supersonic rectifying section 10 is equal to the radius of the inner flow channel of the initial section of the supersonic expansion section 12;
the outer part of the supersonic expansion section 12 is also filled with the magnetorheological elastomer 4 coated by the sealing ring 6, the inner part of the supersonic expansion section 12 is a continuously expanded arc curved surface, a flow passage in the supersonic expansion section 12 forms a circular table, and the circular table is provided with a multiphase flow outlet 11 for outflow of condensed liquid in natural gas.
The expansion radius of the supersonic expansion section 12 is larger than the radius of the inner flow channel of the supersonic rectifying section 10.
The radius of the continuous contraction circular arc of the subsonic convergence section 9 is the same as that of the circular arc of the inlet equal straight section 8.
The magnetorheological elastomer 4 coated by the sealing ring 6 is sealed at the part of the hollow rotary body which vibrates, such as a reducing pipe, a throat pipe, a local reducing pipe and the like.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the intelligent damping natural gas well supersonic separator with the basic magnetorheological elastomer 4 is sealed in a shaft sleeve 1 (positioned above the liquid level at the bottom of a shaft); the gas-liquid mixture firstly passes through the cyclone 2 in the inlet equal straight section and then passes through the subsonic velocity convergence section 9, the temperature and the pressure of the pretreated natural gas are reduced, heavy hydrocarbon and water vapor in the natural gas reach a supersaturated state and begin to condense, a nucleation phenomenon occurs, liquid drops begin to grow in the supersonic velocity rectification section 10, and the gas-liquid mixture is formed. Finally, under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid drops in the mixed flow swirl to the pipe wall and flow out from the multiphase flow outlet 11 in the supersonic expansion section 12. The fluid flowing out from the multi-phase flow outlet 11 contains partial heavy hydrocarbon and water components, the outer layer of the gas flow is separated from the gas flow at the center through a separator, the separation of gas and condensate is realized, the natural gas at the center of the supersonic expansion section 12 is changed into dry gas, the dry gas is gradually decelerated and pressurized, and partial pressure drop loss is recovered. The magnetorheological elastomer 4 is sealed at the part of the supersonic jet hollow rotary body which is easy to vibrate, such as a reducing pipe, a throat pipe, a local reducing pipe and the like; the motor 3 is externally provided with a lead 5, and the lead 5 is connected in series in the magnetorheological elastomer 4 to form a loop; when the natural gas flows through the cyclone 2 in the straight pipe 8 such as the inlet, the rotating mechanical force generated by the cyclone 2 supplies power to the motor 3, the current in the motor 3 flows through the magnetorheological elastomer 4 through the lead 5, the elastic modulus speed of the magnetorheological elastomer 4 is changed, when the speed of the natural gas flowing into the throat is high, the current in the motor 3 is increased, the elastic modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer 4 is increased, the supersonic speed spray pipe can be firmly grasped, when the speed of the natural gas flowing through the throat is reduced, the current in the motor 3 is reduced, the elastic modulus of the magnetorheological elastomer 4 is reduced, and the constraint on the supersonic speed spray pipe can be loosened.
Claims (3)
1. A natural gas well supersonic speed separation device based on intelligent damping of a magnetorheological elastomer is seated in a shaft sleeve (1) and is positioned above the liquid level at the bottom of a shaft; the magnetorheological elastomer is characterized in that the supersonic separation device of the natural gas well comprises an inlet equal-straight section (8), a subsonic convergence section (9), a supersonic rectification section (10) and a supersonic expansion section (12) which are coaxially and fixedly connected in sequence;
the inlet equal straight section (8) is an inlet of pretreated natural gas, a swirler (2) is arranged at the inlet, and a gear at the edge of the swirler (2) is externally connected with a small generator (3);
the subsonic convergence section (9) is externally wrapped with a magnetorheological elastomer (4) wrapped by a sealing ring (6), the interior of the subsonic convergence section is a continuously contracted shaft revolution surface, a lead (5) is arranged outside the positive electrode of the motor (3), and the lead (5) is connected back to the negative electrode of the motor (3) after penetrating through the magnetorheological elastomer (4) to form a loop;
the connection section of the subsonic convergence section (9) and the supersonic rectification section (10) is a throat section which is gradually reduced and expanded;
the tail radius of the supersonic rectifying section (10) is equal to the radius of an inner flow channel of the initial section of the supersonic expansion section (12);
the magnetorheological elastomer (4) coated by the sealing ring (6) is filled outside the supersonic expansion section (12), the inner part of the supersonic expansion section (12) is a continuously expanded arc curved surface, a flow channel inside the supersonic expansion section (12) forms a circular table, and the circular table is provided with a multiphase outflow port (11).
2. The intelligent damping natural gas well supersonic separation device based on magnetorheological elastomer is characterized in that the radius of the subsonic convergent section (9) continuous contraction circular arc is the same as that of the inlet equal straight section (8).
3. The intelligent damping natural gas well supersonic separation device based on magnetorheological elastomer is characterized in that the expansion radius of the supersonic expansion section (12) is larger than the radius of an inner flow channel of the supersonic rectification section (10) as a whole.
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| CN112554795B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2023-06-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Pulse jet flow damping and pressure reducing device and use method thereof |
| CN113701447A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-11-26 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Hydrogen liquefaction circulation system and hydrogen liquefaction device |
| CN114658389A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-24 | 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 | High-pressure natural gas wellhead depressurization power generation system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6524368B2 (en) * | 1998-12-31 | 2003-02-25 | Shell Oil Company | Supersonic separator apparatus and method |
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| CN102151619A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-08-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Porous wall supersonic cyclone separator and separation method thereof |
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Inventor after: Wang Zhiguo Inventor after: Lin Jingjie Inventor after: Guo Jiangru Inventor after: Song Jinpeng Inventor after: Liu Zhaohui Inventor after: Dou Yihua Inventor before: Wang Zhiguo Inventor before: Lin Jingjie |
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Effective date of registration: 20221108 Address after: 710000 Unit 1-101, Building 33, Zhongnan Hi Tech Xi'an Airport Industrial Port, No. 8, Zhaorong South Street, Airport New City, Xixian New District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee after: Shaanxi Haichuang Industrial Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710065, No. 18, two East, electronic road, Shaanxi, Xi'an Patentee before: XI'AN SHIYOU University |
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Denomination of invention: A natural gas well supersonic separation device based on magnetorheological elastomer intelligent shock absorption Granted publication date: 20200915 Pledgee: Xi'an Small and Micro Enterprise Financing Guarantee Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Shaanxi Haichuang Industrial Development Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024610000079 |