CN115387760B - Jet swirling device, self-circulation jet swirling drainage gas production system and method - Google Patents
Jet swirling device, self-circulation jet swirling drainage gas production system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 136
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/124—Adaptation of jet-pump systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/40—Separation associated with re-injection of separated materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/24—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing liquids, e.g. containing solids, or liquids and elastic fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
- G06F2113/08—Fluids
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Abstract
The invention provides an injection cyclone device, a self-circulation injection cyclone drainage gas production system and a self-circulation injection cyclone drainage gas production method, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field gas production. The jet swirling device includes: the outer cylinder is provided with a fluid-producing channel, a nozzle, a throat pipe and a diffusion pipe which are arranged in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder; at least two reinjection gas inlets are formed in the lower part of the outer cylinder; a boss is arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and is positioned above the reinjection air inlet; the diffusion pipe and the throat pipe are sequentially arranged above the boss from top to bottom; the produced fluid channel is arranged below the reinjection gas inlet; the nozzle is mounted in the upper lumen of the produced fluid passage. The invention comprehensively utilizes the jet flow energy increasing and rotational flow efficiency improving principles, and supplements energy by adopting a gas well produced gas self-circulation mode, thereby improving the liquid discharging efficiency of a shaft, prolonging the liquid discharging effective period, realizing the long-term stable liquid discharging of the gas well, improving the recovery ratio and realizing low-cost water and gas production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field gas production, and particularly relates to an injection cyclone device, a self-circulation injection cyclone drainage gas production system and a self-circulation injection cyclone drainage gas production method, which are suitable for drainage gas production of a water-containing gas well.
Background
In the gas reservoirs put into development in China, the natural gas reserves of the water reservoirs account for 75%, so that along with development, the problem of gas well hydrops is more remarkable, effective drainage and gas production measures are required to be adopted, and long-term stable production of the gas reservoirs is ensured. The current jet drainage gas production technology and the rotational flow drainage gas production technology are applied to the gas field, a certain liquid discharge effect is achieved, and the defects still exist. The jet drainage gas production technology realizes liquid drainage by utilizing conversion of pressure energy and kinetic energy, and can supplement energy by injecting high-pressure fluid into a shaft, but the well mouth supercharging equipment is additionally added, so that the cost is high, and the jet efficiency is low. The rotational flow drainage gas production technology utilizes the phase separation laminar flow principle to reduce the energy consumption of a shaft, reduce the fluid slippage and improve the liquid carrying efficiency, but has no energy supplement, short liquid drainage effective period and severe applicable conditions.
The Chinese patent publication CN105089608B discloses a jetting tool matched with an underground vortex tool for draining and collecting gas and an application method, the jetting tool mainly comprises a fishing head, a diffusion pipe, a central pipe, a throat, a pin, a throat distance pipe, a nozzle support pipe, a lower joint, a cone, a shear pin, a spring body, a spring pin and a spring.
Chinese patent publication CN106837266B discloses a gas well downhole drainage gas production tool based on jet and vortex integration, which comprises a jet generator, a vortex generator and a fishing assembly; the jet flow generator is connected with the vortex generator, and the salvaging assembly is connected with the vortex generator; a vortex drainage cavity is formed in the vortex generator, and spiral blades are arranged on the inner wall of the vortex drainage cavity; the jet nozzle of the jet generator is communicated with the vortex drainage cavity. The problem that jet flow mouth outlet back pressure is raised and gas well normal production is influenced due to the fact that the inner vortex design adopted can solve the problem that jet flow low flow speed area carries liquid, and the problem that jet flow and vortex integration-based gas well underground drainage gas production tool is provided by the patent, wherein the jet flow generator only has a throttling function, a throat pipe, a diffusion pipe and a suction inlet are not provided, a low pressure area cannot be formed, a fluid suction function is not provided, and energy cannot be supplemented by adopting a gas well produced gas self-circulation mode.
US5562161a discloses Method for accelerating production, which comprises three parts: a first portion having a sealing means, a second portion having a jetting assembly, a third portion having a sealing means. Wherein the jetting assembly comprises: nozzle, throat and diffuser. The high-pressure gas jet is injected through the wellhead to form a low-pressure area for sucking the wellbore fluid, so that the effects of carrying liquid in the wellbore and draining and producing gas are realized. In addition, the well head high-pressure gas jet is used for pumping the well fluid, well head pressurizing equipment is additionally added, and the cost of drainage and gas production is increased.
The technical scheme disclosed in the above patent cannot comprehensively utilize the advantages of jet flow and rotational flow technology to realize drainage and gas production, and cannot utilize the existing wellhead air compressor to carry out produced gas reinjection, so that the long-term high-efficiency low-cost drainage and gas production of a gas well cannot be realized, and the recovery ratio is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides an injection cyclone device, a self-circulation injection cyclone drainage gas production system and a self-circulation injection cyclone drainage gas production method, which comprehensively utilize the advantages of jet flow and cyclone technology, realize energy supplement by adopting a gas well produced gas self-circulation mode, improve the liquid discharge efficiency of a shaft, prolong the liquid discharge effective period, realize long-term stable liquid discharge of the gas well and improve the recovery ratio.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an injection swirling device comprising: the outer cylinder is provided with a fluid-producing channel, a nozzle, a throat pipe and a diffusion pipe which are arranged in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder;
At least two reinjection gas inlets are formed in the lower part of the outer cylinder;
A boss is arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and is positioned above the reinjection air inlet;
the diffusion pipe and the throat pipe are sequentially arranged above the boss from top to bottom;
the produced fluid channel is arranged below the reinjection gas inlet;
the nozzle is mounted in the upper lumen of the produced fluid passage.
The invention is further improved in that the outer cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, and the upper part and the lower part of the inner wall of the outer cylinder are respectively provided with threads for connecting with the oil pipes above and below;
the upper oil pipe is in threaded connection with the upper part of the outer cylinder, and the lower end surface of the oil pipe forms an upper step;
The throat pipe and the diffusion pipe are arranged between the boss and the upper step.
Preferably, the central axis of each reinjection gas inlet is perpendicular to the central axis of the outer cylinder;
the plurality of reinjection gas inlets are uniformly distributed on the circumference.
The invention further improves that the yielding fluid channel is of a cylindrical structure, the upper part of the inner wall of the yielding fluid channel is provided with internal threads for being connected with the nozzle, and the outer wall of the yielding fluid channel is provided with external threads for being connected with the outer cylinder.
The invention is further improved in that the nozzle is of a cylindrical structure, and the central through hole of the nozzle comprises an inverted cone-shaped hole and a positive cone-shaped hole which are communicated from top to bottom;
The inner diameter of the small diameter end of the reverse frustum-shaped hole is the same as that of the small diameter end of the positive frustum-shaped hole, and the small diameter ends of the reverse frustum-shaped hole and the positive frustum-shaped hole are positioned in the same plane;
threads are provided on the outer wall of the nozzle, which are screwed into the interior cavity that creates the fluid channel.
The invention is further improved in that the throat pipe is of a cylindrical structure, and the central through hole of the throat pipe is a frustum-shaped hole;
the lower end face of the throat pipe is contacted with the boss, and the upper end face of the throat pipe is contacted with the lower end face of the diffusion pipe.
The invention further improves that the diffusion tube is of a cylindrical structure, the central through hole of the diffusion tube is an inverted cone-shaped hole, and the inner diameter of the lower end of the inverted cone-shaped hole is the same as the inner diameter of the upper end of the central through hole of the throat tube;
The lower end face of the diffusion tube is directly located on the upper end face of the throat tube, and the upper end face of the diffusion tube is in contact with the lower end face of the oil tube;
A spiral flow passage is processed on the inner wall of the diffusion tube, adopts a spiral groove, and inclines from the lower end to the upper end of the diffusion tube.
Preferably, the lower end face of the diffusion tube and the upper end face of the throat tube are smooth planes.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a self-circulating injection swirl drainage gas production system comprising: surface equipment and wellbore equipment;
the ground device comprises: the device comprises a wellhead device, a water jacket furnace, a gas-liquid separator, an air compressor, a ground external pipeline and a ground reinjection pipeline;
The wellbore apparatus includes: the jet swirling device, the packer, the sleeve and the oil pipe.
The invention is further improved in that the outlet of the gas production tree oil pipe of the wellhead device is sequentially connected with a water jacket furnace, a gas-liquid separator and an air compressor through a ground external pipeline;
the gas production tree oil pipe outlet is connected with the inlet of the water jacket furnace, and a first ground flowmeter and a first ground valve are arranged between the gas production tree oil pipe outlet and the inlet of the water jacket furnace;
The outlet of the water jacket furnace is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and a second ground valve is arranged between the outlet of the water jacket furnace and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator;
the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the air compressor, and a third ground valve is arranged between the outlet of the gas-liquid separator and the inlet of the air compressor;
The outlet of the air compressor is connected with a Y-shaped pipe, one branch of the Y-shaped pipe is connected with the inlet of the third ground flowmeter, and the other branch of the Y-shaped pipe is connected with the annular inlet of the gas production tree oil sleeve of the wellhead device through a ground reinjection pipeline;
And a second ground flowmeter and a fourth ground valve are arranged on the ground reinjection pipeline.
A further improvement of the invention is that the casing is located in the wellbore and the tubing is located in the casing;
The jet swirling device is arranged between the two sections of oil pipes;
the packer is arranged on an oil pipe below the jet swirling device;
the outlet of the gas production tree oil pipe of the wellhead device is communicated with the inner cavity of the oil pipe, and the inlet of the gas production tree oil sleeve annulus of the wellhead device is communicated with the oil sleeve annulus between the sleeve and the oil pipe.
In a third aspect of the present invention, a design method of a self-circulation jet swirl drainage gas production system is provided, the method comprising:
First, collecting production parameters of an integrated gas well, including: bottom hole flow pressure P wf, wellhead oil pressure P t, wellhead air compressor pressurization P comp, reservoir produced gas phase flow Q g and reinjection gas flow Q b under standard conditions, reservoir produced liquid phase flow Q l, gas phase relative density gamma g, liquid phase density rho l and oil pipe inner diameter D;
Then, the helix angle of the spiral flow channel of the jet swirling device is calculated using the following formula:
the installation depth of the jet swirling device is calculated by the following method:
the exit diameter of the nozzle was calculated using the following formula:
the throat diameter was calculated using the following:
The throat distance was calculated using the following:
Lc＝2dc
The throat length was calculated using the following:
wherein d c is the nozzle outlet diameter; q g is the gas phase flow produced by the reservoir under standard conditions; q l is the flow rate of the produced liquid phase of the reservoir; c μ is the flow coefficient; g is gravity acceleration; p in is the reservoir produced fluid pressure at the nozzle inlet; ρ m is the mixed density of the reservoir produced fluids; d th is the diameter of the throat; l c is the laryngeal distance; l th is the length of the throat; h device is the installation depth of the jet swirling device; p comp is the wellhead air compressor boost; f w is the wall friction coefficient; f i is the phase-to-phase friction coefficient; ρ l is the liquid phase density; ρ g is the gas phase density; v l is the liquid phase flow rate; v g is the gas phase flow rate; delta v is the wellbore swirl fluid film thickness; θ h is the included angle between the spiral tangent line of the spiral flow channel and the radial direction; d is the inner diameter of the oil pipe; a pressure drop gradient for reinjection gas in the air of the oil collar.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a drainage gas production method is provided, the method is implemented by using the self-circulation jet swirl drainage gas production system, and the method includes: the produced fluid from the oil pipe to the ground flows into a ground external pipeline, is metered by a first ground flowmeter and then is collected into a water jacket furnace by a first ground valve to be heated, then flows through a second ground valve to enter a gas-liquid separator, the separated liquid is discharged into a sewage disposal tank, the separated gas is pressurized by an air compressor, then a part of the gas flows out by a third ground flowmeter, and the other part of the gas flows into a ground reinjection pipeline as reinjection gas, flows through the second ground flowmeter and is reinjected into an oil jacket annulus between a sleeve and the oil pipe from a wellhead device;
The reinjection gas flows downwards to the injection cyclone device at the upper part of the packer and flows into the injection cyclone device through the reinjection gas inlet; meanwhile, reservoir produced fluid in the reservoir flows through the perforation holes and enters the oil pipe to flow upwards, the reservoir produced fluid flows into the jet rotational flow device, flows through the produced fluid channel and flows through the nozzle to realize jet acceleration, a low-pressure area is formed in an annular space between the nozzle and the throat, reinjection gas is sucked into the annular space and is mixed with reservoir produced fluid in the throat, then flows into the diffusion pipe to realize pressurization, and flows into the spiral flow channel to realize rotational flow;
The reinjection gas and the reservoir produced fluid form a vortex flowing shaft vortex fluid and flow out of the jet vortex device, the shaft vortex fluid flows out of the wellhead device upwards along the oil pipe and flows into the ground external pipeline as ground produced fluid, and therefore gas well produced gas self-circulation is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention comprehensively utilizes the jet flow energy increasing and rotational flow efficiency improving principles, supplements energy by adopting a gas well gas production self-circulation mode, makes up the defects of the existing jet flow drainage gas production technology and rotational flow drainage gas production technology, can improve the drainage efficiency of a shaft, prolongs the drainage effective period, realizes long-term stable drainage of the gas well, and improves the recovery ratio; meanwhile, the existing wellhead air compressor is utilized for reinjection of produced gas, wellhead supercharging equipment is not required to be additionally arranged, and low-cost drainage gas production is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a self-circulation jet swirl water drainage gas production system in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the jet swirling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the design method of the self-circulation jet swirl water drainage gas production parameters in the invention
101. A ground surface external pipeline; 102. a surface reinjection line; 2. a water jacket furnace; 3. a ground valve; 4. a gas-liquid separator; 5. an air compressor; 6. a ground flow meter; 7. a sleeve; 8. an oil pipe; 9. a jet swirling device; 10. a packer; 11. a reservoir; 12. perforation holes; 13. a wellhead assembly; 14. producing fluid at the surface; 15. reinjecting the gas; 16. the reservoir produces fluids; 17. wellbore swirl fluid. 901. An outer cylinder; 902. a reinjection gas inlet; 903. creating a fluid channel; 904. a nozzle; 905. a throat; 906. a diffusion tube; 907. a spiral flow passage; 908. a boss.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
the invention comprehensively utilizes jet flow energy increasing and cyclone efficiency improving principles, supplements energy in a gas well gas production self-circulation mode, and provides an injection cyclone device, a self-circulation injection cyclone drainage gas production system and a method, which can improve the liquid discharge efficiency of a shaft, prolong the liquid discharge effective period, realize long-term stable liquid discharge of the gas well and improve the recovery ratio; meanwhile, the existing wellhead air compressor is utilized for reinjection of produced gas, wellhead supercharging equipment is not required to be additionally arranged, and low-cost drainage gas production is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-circulation jet swirl water drainage gas production system of the present invention comprises: surface equipment and wellbore equipment.
The ground device comprises: the invention discloses a well head device 13, a water jacket furnace 2, a gas-liquid separator 4, an air compressor 5, a ground flowmeter 6, a ground valve 3, a ground external pipeline 101 and a ground reinjection pipeline 102, which are all existing mature products, and compared with the existing ground equipment, the well head device is additionally provided with the ground reinjection pipeline 102 and a second ground flowmeter and a fourth ground valve which are matched with the ground reinjection pipeline 102, so that the reinjection of produced gas is realized.
The wellbore apparatus includes: jet swirling device 9, packer 10, casing 7 and tubing 8.
The embodiment of the self-circulation jet swirl drainage gas production system is as follows:
[ embodiment one ]
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the outlet of the gas production tree oil pipe of the wellhead device 13 is sequentially connected with the water jacket furnace 2, the gas-liquid separator 4 and the air compressor 5 through a ground external pipeline 101, more specifically, the outlet of the gas production tree oil pipe is connected with the inlet of the water jacket furnace 2 through a pipeline, a first ground flowmeter and a first ground valve are arranged on the pipeline between the two, the outlet of the water jacket furnace 2 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 4 through a pipeline, a second ground valve 3 is arranged on the pipeline between the two, the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 4 is connected with the inlet of the air compressor 5 through a pipeline, a third ground valve is arranged on the pipeline between the two, the outlet of the air compressor 5 is connected with a Y-shaped pipe, one branch of the Y-shaped pipe is connected with the inlet of the third ground flowmeter, the other branch of the Y-shaped pipe is connected with the annular inlet of the gas production tree oil jacket of the wellhead device 13 through a ground reinjection pipeline 102, and the ground reinjection pipeline 102 is provided with a second ground flowmeter 6 and a fourth ground valve. All the lines from the production tree tubing outlet of wellhead 13 to the third surface flowmeter in fig. 1 are referred to as surface export lines 101, i.e. the lines through which surface effluent gas 14 flows as indicated by solid arrows in fig. 1.
The casing 7 is positioned in the well bore, the oil pipe 8 is positioned in the casing 7, the jet swirling device 9 is arranged between two sections of oil pipes and above the packer 10, and the packer 10 is arranged on the oil pipe below the jet swirling device 9.
The outlet of the gas production tree oil pipe of the wellhead device 13 is communicated with the inner cavity of the oil pipe 8, and the inlet of the gas production tree oil sleeve annulus of the wellhead device 13 is communicated with the oil sleeve annulus between the sleeve 7 and the oil pipe 8.
The embodiment of the jet swirling device of the present invention is as follows:
[ example two ]
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the jet swirling device 9 includes: the outer barrel 901 and a produced fluid passage 903, a nozzle 904, a throat 905, a diffuser 906 disposed in the interior cavity of the outer barrel 901.
Wherein, the outer cylinder 901 is of a cylindrical structure, at least two reinjection gas inlets 902 uniformly distributed on the circumference are arranged at the lower part of the outer cylinder 901, and preferably, the central axis of each reinjection gas inlet 902 is vertical to the central axis of the outer cylinder 901. A boss 908 is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 901, and the boss 908 is located above the reinjection gas inlet 902.
Threads are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 901 and are used for being connected with the oil pipes 8 above and below; after the upper oil pipe is in threaded connection with the upper part of the outer barrel 901, an upper step is formed on the lower end face of the oil pipe, a throat 905 and a diffusion pipe 906 are arranged between the boss and the upper step, and the throat 905 and the diffusion pipe 906 are fixed through the boss and the upper step.
The produced fluid passage 903 has a cylindrical structure, and is provided with an internal thread on an upper portion of an inner wall thereof for connection with the nozzle 904, and an external thread on an outer wall thereof for connection with the outer cylinder 901.
The nozzle 904 is of a cylindrical structure, and the central through hole of the nozzle 904 comprises an inverted conical hole and a regular conical hole which are communicated from top to bottom, wherein the inner diameter of the small diameter end of the inverted conical hole is the same as that of the small diameter end of the regular conical hole, and the small diameter ends of the inverted conical hole and the regular conical hole are positioned in the same plane, namely, the inner diameter of the central through hole of the nozzle 904 is firstly reduced and then increased as seen from the direction that fluid flows through the nozzle. Threads are provided on the outer wall of the nozzle 904 that are threadably connected within the interior cavity of the fluid-producing channel 903, and the fluid-producing channel 903 is threadably connected within the interior cavity of the outer barrel 901, thereby allowing the nozzle 904 to be installed within the interior cavity of the outer barrel 901.
The throat 905 has a cylindrical structure, and the central through hole is a frustum-shaped hole, i.e. the inner diameter of the upper end is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower end. The lower end face of the throat 905 is in contact with the boss 908, and the upper end face of the throat 905 is in contact with the lower end face of the diffuser 906.
The diffuser 906 is of a cylindrical structure, the central through hole of the diffuser 906 is an inverted cone-shaped hole, namely, the inner diameter of the upper end is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end, the inner diameter of the lower end of the inverted cone-shaped hole is the same as the inner diameter of the upper end of the central through hole of the throat 905, the lower end face of the diffuser 906 is directly located on the upper end face of the throat 905, the upper end face of the diffuser 906 is in contact with the lower end face of an oil pipe, and therefore the throat 905 and the diffuser 906 are installed in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 901. Preferably, the lower end surface of the diffuser 906 and the upper end surface of the throat 905 are smooth planes, so that direct contact between the throat 905 and the diffuser 906 can be ensured.
A spiral flow channel 907 is formed on the inner wall of the diffuser 906, and the spiral flow channel 907 adopts a spiral groove and is inclined from the lower end to the upper end of the diffuser 906.
In use, reinjection gas 15 flows from reinjection gas inlet 902 into injection cyclone 9 and formation production fluid 16 flows into injection cyclone 9 through production fluid channel 903. Spiral flow channels 907 on the inner wall of the diffuser 906 are capable of directing the swirling flow of fluid to form the wellbore swirling fluid 17.
Preferably, the nozzle 904 and throat 905 are replaceable, and the nozzle 904 and throat 905 may be replaced with different sizes depending on the design results. The diffuser 906 is replaceable, and the diffuser 906 having a spiral flow passage 907 with a different helix angle may be replaced.
The embodiment of the self-circulation jet swirl drainage gas production method of the invention is as follows:
[ example III ]
As shown in fig. 1, the self-circulation jet swirl drainage gas production method realized by adopting the system comprises the following steps: the ground produced fluid 14 produced from the oil pipe 8 to the ground flows into the ground external pipeline 101, is metered by the first ground flowmeter, is collected into the water jacket furnace 2 by the first ground valve to be heated, then flows through the second ground valve 3 to enter the gas-liquid separator 4, the separated liquid is discharged into the sewage disposal pond, the separated gas is pressurized by the air compressor 5, then a part of the gas flows into the ground external pipeline 101 by the third ground flowmeter, and the part of the gas is produced from a shaft by utilizing the drainage gas production technology. The other part of the gas flows into the ground reinjection pipeline 102 as reinjection gas 15, flows through the second ground flowmeter 6 for metering, is reinjected into an oil sleeve annulus between the sleeve 7 and the oil pipe 8 from the wellhead device 13, and flows downwards to the injection cyclone device 9 at the upper part of the packer 10 through the reinjection gas inlet 902 and flows into the injection cyclone device 9. Simultaneously, the reservoir produced fluid 16 in the reservoir 11 flows through the perforation holes 12 and enters the oil pipe 8 to flow upwards, the reservoir produced fluid 16 flows into the jet swirl device 9, flows through the produced fluid channel 903 and flows through the nozzle 904 to realize jet acceleration, a low-pressure area is formed in the annular space between the nozzle 904 and the throat 905, the reinjection gas 15 is sucked into the annular space and mixed with the reservoir produced fluid 16 in the throat 905, the reinjection gas 15 supplements energy for the reservoir produced fluid 16, then flows into the diffusion pipe 906 to realize pressurization, and flows through the spiral flow channel 907 to realize swirl flow, so that the liquid carrying efficiency is improved. Finally, the reinjection gas 15 and the reservoir produced fluid 16 form a swirling flow wellbore swirling fluid 17 and flow out of the jet swirling device 9, the wellbore swirling fluid 17 flows up the oil pipe 8 out of the wellhead device 13 and flows into the surface external transmission line 101 as the surface produced fluid 14, thereby realizing gas well produced gas self-circulation.
The embodiment of the design method of the self-circulation jet swirl drainage gas production system is as follows:
[ example IV ]
The parameter design method of the self-circulation jet swirl drainage gas production system, as shown in fig. 3, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step one: and collecting production parameters of the integrated gas well. The bottom hole flow pressure P wf, the wellhead oil pressure P t, the wellhead air compressor boost P comp, the reservoir produced gas phase flow Q g (measured by the first surface flowmeter in FIG. 1) and the reinjection gas flow Q b (measured by the second surface flowmeter 6 in FIG. 1) under standard conditions (0.101 MPa, 20 ℃) and the reservoir produced liquid phase flow Q l, the gas phase relative density gamma g, the liquid phase density ρ l and the oil pipe inner diameter D are all obtained by adopting the existing device and means for testing, and are not repeated herein.
Step two: and (3) calculating the installation depth of the jet swirling device by using the formula (1).
Wherein H device is the installation depth of the jet cyclone device, and m; p comp is the pressure boost of the wellhead air compressor, and MPa; f w is the wall friction coefficient, dimensionless; f i is the phase-to-phase friction coefficient, dimensionless; ρ l is the liquid phase density, kg/m 3;ρg is the gas phase density, kg/m 3;vl is the liquid phase flow rate, m/s; v g is the gas phase flow rate m/s; delta v is the thickness of the liquid film of the rotational flow fluid of the shaft, m; θ h is the included angle between the spiral line tangent line of the spiral flow channel and the radial direction, namely the spiral angle and degree; d is the inner diameter of the oil pipe, m; the pressure drop gradient of reinjection gas in the oil collar air can be calculated according to Cullender-Smith method, pa/m.
When the device is used, the upper end and the lower end of the outer cylinder 901 of the jet swirling device 9 are respectively connected with the oil pipe 8 through threads, and the jet swirling device 9 and the packer 10 are lowered into the installation depth position in the sleeve 7 along with the oil pipe 8 during pipe inspection, wherein the installation depth refers to the installation depth of the jet swirling device 9, and more precisely refers to the depth of the reinjection gas inlet 902.
Step three: the nozzle 904 and throat 905 of the jet swirling device 9 are sized. The diameter of the outlet of the nozzle 904 (i.e., the diameter of the upper end opening of the nozzle 904 in fig. 2) is calculated by using the formula (2), the diameter of the throat 905 (i.e., the diameter of the lower end opening of the throat 905) is calculated by using the formula (3), the throat distance (i.e., the vertical distance between the horizontal plane of the upper end surface of the nozzle 904 and the horizontal plane of the lower end surface of the throat 905 in fig. 2) is calculated by using the formula (4), and the length of the throat 905 is calculated by using the formula (5).
Lc＝2dc (4)
In the above formula, d c is the nozzle outlet diameter, m; q g is the gas phase flow produced by the reservoir under the standard condition, m 3/s;Ql is the liquid phase flow produced by the reservoir, m 3/s;Cμ is the flow coefficient, and generally 0.6-0.7 is taken, and no factor is adopted; g is gravity acceleration, m/s 2;Pin is fluid pressure generated by a reservoir at the inlet of the nozzle, and is calculated by a Hagedorn-Brown method according to bottom hole pressure, and MPa; ρ m is the mixing density of the reservoir produced fluids, kg/m 3;dth is the throat diameter, m; l c is the laryngeal distance, m; l th is the throat length, m.
Further, if the design fluid reaches sonic velocity at the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle 904, the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle 904Where d cmin is the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle, m. The maximum inner diameter of the nozzle 904, i.e. the inner diameter of the produced fluid channel 903 = 0.8 x the inner diameter of the oil pipe 8. In actual use, the minimum inner diameter and the maximum inner diameter of the nozzle 904 may be calculated according to the actual situation.
Further, if the angle of the constricted section of the throat 905 is 8 ° (refer to the angle between the frustum-shaped lumen generatrix of the throat and the central axis of the throat), the minimum inner diameter d thmin＝dth-0.28·lth of the throat 905 is defined as d thmin, which is the minimum inner diameter of the throat, m. In actual use, the minimum inner diameter of the throat 905 can be calculated according to the actual situation.
According to the design result of the nozzle 904 and the throat 905 of the jet swirling device 9, the nozzle 904 and the throat 905 with corresponding sizes are replaced, and when in actual use, the size closest to the calculation result in the specifications of the existing nozzle 904 and the throat 905 can be matched according to the calculation result.
Step four: the helix angle of the spiral flow passage 907 of the jet swirling device 9 is designed by using (6):
According to the spiral angle design result of the spiral flow channel 907 of the jet swirling device 9, the diffuser 906 having the corresponding spiral angle of the spiral flow channel 907 is replaced. In practical use, the helix angle is obtained by calculating according to the formula (6), and then the calculation according to the formulas (1) to (5) is performed.
After the jet cyclone device 9 is applied to the water-producing gas well, ground pressurization equipment is not required to be added, the gas phase flow rate of the produced reservoir is increased, the liquid phase flow rate of the produced reservoir is increased, a good drainage gas production effect can be achieved, and low-cost drainage gas production is achieved.
The invention comprehensively utilizes the jet flow energy increasing and rotational flow efficiency improving principles, supplements energy by adopting a gas well gas production self-circulation mode, makes up the defects of the existing jet flow drainage gas production technology and rotational flow drainage gas production technology, can improve the drainage efficiency of a shaft, prolongs the drainage effective period, realizes long-term stable drainage of the gas well, and improves the recovery ratio; meanwhile, the existing wellhead air compressor is utilized for reinjection of produced gas, wellhead supercharging equipment is not required to be additionally arranged, and low-cost drainage gas production is achieved.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like are used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and do not denote or imply that the devices or elements in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned technical solution is only one embodiment of the present invention, and various modifications and variations can be easily made by those skilled in the art based on the application methods and principles disclosed in the present invention, and are not limited to the methods described in the above-mentioned specific embodiments of the present invention, therefore, the foregoing description is only preferred, and not meant to be limiting.
Claims (12)
1. An injection swirling device, characterized in that: the jet swirling device includes: the outer cylinder is provided with a fluid-producing channel, a nozzle, a throat pipe and a diffusion pipe which are arranged in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder;
At least two reinjection gas inlets are formed in the lower part of the outer cylinder;
A boss is arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and is positioned above the reinjection air inlet;
the diffusion pipe and the throat pipe are sequentially arranged above the boss from top to bottom;
the produced fluid channel is arranged below the reinjection gas inlet;
the nozzle is installed in an upper inner cavity of the fluid-producing channel;
The diffusion tube is of a cylindrical structure, the central through hole of the diffusion tube is an inverted conical frustum-shaped hole, and the inner diameter of the lower end of the inverted conical frustum-shaped hole is the same as the inner diameter of the upper end of the central through hole of the throat tube;
The lower end face of the diffusion tube is directly located on the upper end face of the throat tube, and the upper end face of the diffusion tube is in contact with the lower end face of the oil tube;
A spiral flow passage is processed on the inner wall of the diffusion pipe, adopts a spiral groove and inclines from the lower end to the upper end of the diffusion pipe;
The helix angle of the spiral flow channel of the jet swirling device is calculated by the following formula:
the installation depth of the jet swirling device is calculated by the following method:
the exit diameter of the nozzle was calculated using the following formula:
the throat diameter was calculated using the following:
The throat distance was calculated using the following:
Lc＝2dc
The throat length was calculated using the following:
Wherein d c is the nozzle outlet diameter; q g is the gas phase flow produced by the reservoir under standard conditions; q l is the flow rate of the produced liquid phase of the reservoir; c μ is the flow coefficient; g is gravity acceleration; p in is the reservoir produced fluid pressure at the nozzle inlet; ρ m is the mixed density of the reservoir produced fluids; d th is the diameter of the throat; l c is the laryngeal distance; l th is the length of the throat; h device is the installation depth of the jet swirling device; p comp is the wellhead air compressor boost; f w is the wall friction coefficient; f i is the phase-to-phase friction coefficient; ρ l is the liquid phase density; ρ g is the gas phase density; v l is the liquid phase flow rate; v g is the gas phase flow rate; delta v is the wellbore swirl fluid film thickness; θ h is the included angle between the spiral tangent line of the spiral flow channel and the radial direction; d is the inner diameter of the oil pipe; a pressure drop gradient for reinjection gas in the air of the oil collar.
2. The jet swirl device of claim 1, wherein: the outer cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, and threads are respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the inner wall of the outer cylinder and are used for being connected with oil pipes above and below;
the upper oil pipe is in threaded connection with the upper part of the outer cylinder, and the lower end surface of the oil pipe forms an upper step;
The throat pipe and the diffusion pipe are arranged between the boss and the upper step.
3. The jet swirl device of claim 2, wherein: the central axis of each reinjection gas inlet is vertical to the central axis of the outer cylinder;
the plurality of reinjection gas inlets are uniformly distributed on the circumference.
4. The jet swirl device of claim 2, wherein: the fluid producing channel is of a cylindrical structure, an inner thread is arranged on the upper part of the inner wall of the fluid producing channel and used for being connected with the nozzle, and an outer thread is arranged on the outer wall of the fluid producing channel and used for being connected with the outer cylinder.
5. The jet swirl device of claim 4, wherein: the nozzle is of a cylindrical structure, and the central through hole of the nozzle comprises an inverted frustum-shaped hole and a positive frustum-shaped hole which are communicated from top to bottom;
The inner diameter of the small diameter end of the reverse frustum-shaped hole is the same as that of the small diameter end of the positive frustum-shaped hole, and the small diameter ends of the reverse frustum-shaped hole and the positive frustum-shaped hole are positioned in the same plane;
threads are provided on the outer wall of the nozzle, which are screwed into the interior cavity that creates the fluid channel.
6. The jet swirl device of claim 5, wherein: the throat pipe is of a cylindrical structure, and the central through hole of the throat pipe is a frustum-shaped hole;
the lower end face of the throat pipe is contacted with the boss, and the upper end face of the throat pipe is contacted with the lower end face of the diffusion pipe.
7. The jet swirl device of claim 6, wherein: the lower end face of the diffusion pipe and the upper end face of the throat pipe are smooth planes.
8. The utility model provides a self-loopa sprays whirl drainage gas production system which characterized in that: the self-circulation jet swirl drainage gas production system comprises: surface equipment and wellbore equipment;
the ground device comprises: the device comprises a wellhead device, a water jacket furnace, a gas-liquid separator, an air compressor, a ground external pipeline and a ground reinjection pipeline;
The wellbore apparatus includes: injection swirling device, packer, casing and tubing according to any one of claims 1-7.
9. The self-circulating jet swirl drainage gas production system of claim 8, wherein: the gas production tree oil pipe outlet of the wellhead device is sequentially connected with a water jacket furnace, a gas-liquid separator and an air compressor through a ground external pipeline;
the gas production tree oil pipe outlet is connected with the inlet of the water jacket furnace, and a first ground flowmeter and a first ground valve are arranged between the gas production tree oil pipe outlet and the inlet of the water jacket furnace;
The outlet of the water jacket furnace is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and a second ground valve is arranged between the outlet of the water jacket furnace and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator;
the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the air compressor, and a third ground valve is arranged between the outlet of the gas-liquid separator and the inlet of the air compressor;
The outlet of the air compressor is connected with a Y-shaped pipe, one branch of the Y-shaped pipe is connected with the inlet of the third ground flowmeter, and the other branch of the Y-shaped pipe is connected with the annular inlet of the gas production tree oil sleeve of the wellhead device through a ground reinjection pipeline;
And a second ground flowmeter and a fourth ground valve are arranged on the ground reinjection pipeline.
10. The self-circulating jet swirl drainage gas production system of claim 9, wherein: the casing is positioned in the well bore, and the oil pipe is positioned in the casing;
The jet swirling device is arranged between the two sections of oil pipes;
the packer is arranged on an oil pipe below the jet swirling device;
the outlet of the gas production tree oil pipe of the wellhead device is communicated with the inner cavity of the oil pipe, and the inlet of the gas production tree oil sleeve annulus of the wellhead device is communicated with the oil sleeve annulus between the sleeve and the oil pipe.
11. A design method of a self-circulation jet swirl drainage gas production system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
First, collecting production parameters of an integrated gas well, including: bottom hole flow pressure P wf, wellhead oil pressure P t, wellhead air compressor pressurization P comp, reservoir produced gas phase flow Q g and reinjection gas flow Q b under standard conditions, reservoir produced liquid phase flow Q l, gas phase relative density gamma g, liquid phase density rho l and oil pipe inner diameter D;
The helix angle of the spiral flow path of the jet swirl device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is then calculated using the following formula:
the installation depth of the jet swirling device is calculated by the following method:
the exit diameter of the nozzle was calculated using the following formula:
the throat diameter was calculated using the following:
The throat distance was calculated using the following:
Lc＝2dc
The throat length was calculated using the following:
Wherein d c is the nozzle outlet diameter; q g is the gas phase flow produced by the reservoir under standard conditions; q l is the flow rate of the produced liquid phase of the reservoir; c μ is the flow coefficient; g is gravity acceleration; p in is the reservoir produced fluid pressure at the nozzle inlet; ρ m is the mixed density of the reservoir produced fluids; d th is the diameter of the throat; l c is the laryngeal distance; l th is the length of the throat; h device is the installation depth of the jet swirling device; p comp is the wellhead air compressor boost; f w is the wall friction coefficient; f i is the phase-to-phase friction coefficient; ρ l is the liquid phase density; ρ g is the gas phase density; v l is the liquid phase flow rate; v g is the gas phase flow rate; delta v is the wellbore swirl fluid film thickness; θ h is the included angle between the spiral tangent line of the spiral flow channel and the radial direction; d is the inner diameter of the oil pipe; a pressure drop gradient for reinjection gas in the air of the oil collar.
12. A self-circulation jet swirl drainage gas production method is characterized in that: the method is realized by the self-circulation jet cyclone drainage gas production system as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 10, and the method comprises the following steps:
the produced fluid from the oil pipe to the ground flows into a ground external pipeline, is metered by a first ground flowmeter and then is collected into a water jacket furnace by a first ground valve to be heated, then flows through a second ground valve to enter a gas-liquid separator, the separated liquid is discharged into a sewage disposal tank, the separated gas is pressurized by an air compressor, then a part of the gas flows out by a third ground flowmeter, and the other part of the gas flows into a ground reinjection pipeline as reinjection gas, flows through the second ground flowmeter and is reinjected into an oil jacket annulus between a sleeve and the oil pipe from a wellhead device;
The reinjection gas flows downwards to the injection cyclone device at the upper part of the packer and flows into the injection cyclone device through the reinjection gas inlet; meanwhile, reservoir produced fluid in the reservoir flows through the perforation holes and enters the oil pipe to flow upwards, the reservoir produced fluid flows into the jet rotational flow device, flows through the produced fluid channel and flows through the nozzle to realize jet acceleration, a low-pressure area is formed in an annular space between the nozzle and the throat, reinjection gas is sucked into the annular space and is mixed with reservoir produced fluid in the throat, then flows into the diffusion pipe to realize pressurization, and flows into the spiral flow channel to realize rotational flow;
The reinjection gas and the reservoir produced fluid form a vortex flowing shaft vortex fluid and flow out of the jet vortex device, the shaft vortex fluid flows out of the wellhead device upwards along the oil pipe and flows into the ground external pipeline as ground produced fluid, and therefore gas well produced gas self-circulation is achieved.
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