CN108252768A - A kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active moves sound-absorbing muffler - Google Patents

A kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active moves sound-absorbing muffler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108252768A
CN108252768A CN201810285377.4A CN201810285377A CN108252768A CN 108252768 A CN108252768 A CN 108252768A CN 201810285377 A CN201810285377 A CN 201810285377A CN 108252768 A CN108252768 A CN 108252768A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
elastic body
rheology elastic
magnetic rheology
magnetic
cylinder
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Pending
Application number
CN201810285377.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王鸿云
赵爽
胡永举
毕成
刘卫东
孟国连
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Zhejiang Normal University CJNU
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Zhejiang Normal University CJNU
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Priority to CN201810285377.4A priority Critical patent/CN108252768A/en
Publication of CN108252768A publication Critical patent/CN108252768A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/082Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling the gases passing through porous members

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body actives to move sound-absorbing muffler, and including cylinder, cylinder is equipped with air inlet pipe and air outlet pipe, and cylinder is interior to be divided into three cavitys equipped with two pieces of partition boards, and recirculation hole is provided on two pieces of partition boards;The fixing axle coaxial with cylinder is equipped in intermediate cavity, at least two pieces of magnetic conductive boards are arranged in fixing axle, magnetic rheology elastic body is equipped between two pieces of adjacent magnetic conductive boards, coil is equipped between magnetic rheology elastic body and fixing axle, there are circulation passages between magnetic conductive board and magnetic rheology elastic body and cylinder inboard wall.It is an advantage of the invention that:Magnetic field size in size of current control coil is adjusted by coil, the field for changing magnetic rheology elastic body causes micro-structure, it can change according to incident acoustic wave frequency and adjust its acoustic absorptivity harmony impedance magnitude, realize that acoustic impedance is adjustable, noise rubs in viscosity and is efficiently absorbed under relaxation, therefore acoustical absorptivity is strong, reliability is high;Acoustic impedance size and acoustic absorptivity are adjustable, therefore acoustic frequency bandwidth, and acoustic impedance variable range is big.

Description

A kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active moves sound-absorbing muffler
Technical field
The present invention relates to sound absorption technique fields, and in particular to a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active moves sound-absorbing muffler.
Background technology
As the improvement of people's living standards, people especially propose more automobile noise the comfort of running car High requirement.The reduction inevitable requirement more quiet engine of vehicle running noise standard limit is arranged in automobile engine noise Gas noise accounts for about the 30% of overall noise, is most important noise source, higher 10dB~15dB than other noises.Muffler is mounted in Critical component on generator gas channel is the most effective noise reduction means that exhaust noise is controlled generally to use.Traditional It is preferable to the effect of narrow-band noise in passive silencer, it is impossible to meet wide band requirement of eliminating the noise, and passive silencing apparatus is deposited In the shortcomings of complicated, low frequency noise reduction is poor, size is bigger than normal.Therefore, there has been proposed the method that active is eliminated the noise, actives The control targe of noise elimination is usually to reduce regional area acoustic energy, and so as to achieve the purpose that noise elimination noise reduction, but this method takes off From noise source main body, inevitably it is suppressed the part of some needs in sound source.Therefore, the thought of Active Absorption causes scholars Great interest, this method are controlled from noise transmission approach and by sound body, and target is to make the reflection system of incident acoustic wave It counts very little or close to zero, forms " black hole " phenomenon so that acoustic absorptivity reaches maximum, so as to achieve the purpose that sqouynd absorption lowering noise. Compared with traditional sound absorption technique, Active Absorption can be such that sound absorption effect changes with the variation of sound source characteristic, realize intelligence, master Noise is controlled dynamicly.At present, Active Absorption method mainly has based on impedance matching, based on piezoelectric material and based on metal-rubber material The active sound-absorbing method of material, but these active sound-absorbing methods also have its respective limitation and are difficult to promote the use of, and reason is: 1. the sound-absorbing method based on impedance matching is good to the effect of low frequency and high-frequency effect is poor;2. piezoelectric effect is passed through using piezoelectric material Energy consumption improves acoustic absorptivity, but the acoustic pressure of general sound wave and is sufficiently large to cause sound-absorbing material bending vibration, leads to active suction Sound system sound absorption effect in low frequency is undesirable;3. metal rubber material is larger by static flow resistivity itself, therefore sound absorption effect is not Stablize.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body actives to move sound-absorbing muffler, can effectively solve the problem that existing disappear The problem of sound device sound absorption effect is undesirable.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:A kind of magnetic rheology elastic body Active Absorption muffler including cylinder, is respectively equipped with air inlet pipe and air outlet pipe, the cylinder is interior by two along the both ends of tubular axis Cylinder is divided into the first cavity, the second cavity and third cavity by block partition board along vertical tubular axis direction, the air inlet pipe with First cavity communicates, and the air outlet pipe is communicated with third cavity, and recirculation hole is provided on two pieces of partition boards;
The fixing axle coaxial with cylinder is equipped in second cavity, at least two pieces of magnetic conductions are arranged in the fixing axle Plate is equipped with magnetic rheology elastic body between adjacent two pieces of magnetic conductive boards, and coil is equipped between magnetic rheology elastic body and fixing axle, described There are circulation passages between magnetic conductive board and magnetic rheology elastic body and cylinder inboard wall.
Preferably, the cylinder by including outer wall, magnetic rheology elastic body and perforated plate within outer successively, on the perforated plate It is provided with several stomatas.
Preferably, the stomata occupied area is not less than the 30% of perforation plate suqare.
Preferably, be provided at least six recirculation holes on every piece of partition board, the recirculation hole be evenly distributed on it is described every On plate.
Preferably, the both ends of the fixing axle are separately fixed on two pieces of partition boards.
Preferably, the air inlet pipe is extend into the first cavity, and the air outlet pipe is also extend into third cavity.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the invention that:The magnetic generated in size of current control coil is adjusted by coil Field size sets the field of magnetic rheology elastic body to cause micro-structure, and then change its mechanical property so as to change in the second cavity, and its Mechanical property change will cause acoustic impedance and acoustic absorptivity to change, therefore can change according to incident acoustic wave frequency and adjust its suction Sonic system number harmony impedance magnitude realizes that acoustic impedance is adjustable;Magnetic rheology elastic body low-frequency range acoustic absorptivity increases with electric current and is increased, And acoustic absorptivity reaches peak value when size of current reaches a certain value;When incident acoustic wave frequency and magnetic rheology elastic body intrinsic frequency It resonates both when same or similar, peak value will occur in sound energy loss amount, so as to improve whole sound absorbing performance.
Therefore, noise rubs in viscosity and is efficiently absorbed under relaxation, therefore acoustical absorptivity is strong, and reliability is high; Acoustic impedance size and acoustic absorptivity are adjustable, therefore acoustic frequency bandwidth, and acoustic impedance variable range is big.
The cylinder by including outer wall, magnetic rheology elastic body and perforated plate within outer successively, if being provided on the perforated plate Dry gas hole by the sound wave that partition board reflects, is consumed by perforated plate with magnetic rheology elastic body collective effect sorption enhanced is thermal energy, Improve performance muffler.
The stomata occupied area ensures there is the magnetic rheology elastic body at perforated plate rear not less than the 30% of perforation plate suqare Enough effects can be played, stomata accounting is very few, and magnetic rheology elastic body will be unable to give play to maximum efficiency.
At least six recirculation holes are provided on every piece of partition board, the recirculation hole is evenly distributed on the partition board.Every The recirculation hole opened on plate can allow sound wave normally to propagate in cylinder and gradually be absorbed.
The both ends of the fixing axle are separately fixed on two pieces of partition boards, are allowed what fixing axle can stablize to fix, are not easy It shakes and influences erasure effect.
The air inlet pipe is extend into the first cavity, and the air outlet pipe also extend into third cavity and allows, and sound is in cylinder It is inside not easy to escape out from air inlet pipe or air outlet pipe, carries out multiple reflections and absorbed.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram that a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active of the present invention moves sound-absorbing muffler;
Fig. 2 is magnetic rheology elastic body elasticity modulus in the present invention and magnetic field intensity graph of relation;
Fig. 3 is acoustic absorptivity in the present invention and sound wave incident frequency relation curve figure.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of sound-absorbing muffler, a kind of magnetic are moved for a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active of the present invention refering to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 Including cylinder, air inlet pipe 1 and air outlet pipe 8, institute are respectively equipped with along the both ends of tubular axis for magnetorheological elastomer Active Absorption muffler It states in cylinder and cylinder is divided into the first cavity 15, the second cavity 13 and third along vertical tubular axis direction by two pieces of partition boards 10 Cavity 9, the air inlet pipe 1 are communicated with the first cavity 15, and the air outlet pipe 8 is communicated with third cavity 9, are opened on two pieces of partition boards 10 There is recirculation hole 14;
The fixing axle 7 coaxial with cylinder is equipped in second cavity 13, being arranged at least two pieces in the fixing axle 7 leads Magnetic sheet 12 is equipped with magnetic rheology elastic body 11 between adjacent two pieces of magnetic conductive boards 12, is set between magnetic rheology elastic body 11 and fixing axle 7 There is coil 6, there are circulation passages 16 between the magnetic conductive board 12 and magnetic rheology elastic body 11 and cylinder inboard wall.
The magnetic field size generated in size of current control coil 6 is adjusted by coil 6, is set so as to change in the second cavity 13 Put magnetic rheology elastic body 11 field cause micro-structure, and then and change its mechanical property, and its mechanical property change will lead to acoustic resistance Anti- and acoustic absorptivity changes, therefore can change according to incident acoustic wave frequency and adjust its acoustic absorptivity harmony impedance magnitude, real Existing acoustic impedance is adjustable;3 low-frequency range acoustic absorptivity of magnetic rheology elastic body increases with electric current and is increased, and reaches a certain in size of current Acoustic absorptivity reaches peak value during value;When incident acoustic wave frequency and 3 intrinsic frequency of magnetic rheology elastic body it is same or similar when both hair Raw resonance, peak value will occur in sound energy loss amount, so as to improve whole sound absorbing performance.
Further, the cylinder includes outer wall 2, magnetic rheology elastic body 3 and perforated plate 4, the perforation successively from outside to inside Several stomatas 5 are provided on plate 4, by the sound wave that partition board 10 reflects, are absorbed by perforated plate 4 and 3 collective effect of magnetic rheology elastic body It is converted into thermal energy and consumes, improve performance muffler.
Further, 5 occupied area of stomata is not less than the 30% of 4 area of perforated plate, ensures there is the magnetic at 4 rear of perforated plate Magnetorheological elastomer 3 can play enough effects, and 5 accounting of stomata is very few, and magnetic rheology elastic body 3 will be unable to give play to maximum efficiency.
Further, at least six recirculation holes 14 are provided on every piece of partition board 10, the recirculation hole 14 is evenly distributed on On the partition board 10.The recirculation hole 14 opened on partition board 10, can allow sound wave normally to propagate in cylinder and gradually be absorbed.
Further, the both ends of the fixing axle 7 are separately fixed on two pieces of partition boards 10, allow what fixing axle 7 can be stablized It fixes, is not easy to shake and influence erasure effect.
Further, the air inlet pipe 1 is extend into the first cavity 15, and the air outlet pipe 8 is also extend into third cavity 9, Sound is allowed to be not easy to escape out from air inlet pipe 1 or air outlet pipe 8 in cylinder, multiple reflections is carried out and is absorbed.
The magnetic rheology elastic body 3 be one kind under magnetic fields its elasticity modulus can with applied field strengths change and The material of variation has many characteristics, such as that controllability, invertibity, response are rapid;Its microstructure is logical to be formed along additional field direction The fields such as chain, branch, Isolated Chains and beam chain cause micro-structure, and the variation of this microstructure causes the huge change of macromechanics behavior Change.Using the above-mentioned characteristic of magnetic rheology elastic body 3, by adjusting size of current in coil 6, and then generated in control coil 6 Magnetic field size causes micro-structure, the final regulation and control realized to sound absorbing performance so as to change the field of magnetic rheology elastic body 3.
Magnetic-particle of the magnetic rheology elastic body 3 in matrix forms chain structure under magnetic fields, when sound wave enters noise reduction During device pipeline, caused in 3 chain structure of magnetic rheology elastic body inside viscosity resistance, chain structure between chain and chain by acoustic vibration Impact force and frictional force, chain structure end and muffler the cylinder frictional force as caused by wall effect etc. change therewith, sound Thermal energy can be converted mainly into be dissipated, and due to the irregular arrangement between each chain structure, each chain air gap periphery is divided into Some finer holes of cloth, such structure more effectively increase Air mycetes in hole so that incident acoustic wave energy quilt More effectively absorb;Secondly the matrix of magnetic rheology elastic body 3 is high molecular polymerization composition granule, and internal damping is larger, and there are elastic relaxations Henan effect sound absorption, under sound wave effect, granular materials deforms upon, and acoustic energy is changed by the elastic relaxation effect of material itself Thermal energy and be lost, therefore noise rub in viscosity and relaxation effect collective effect under sound absorbing power it is stronger.
In above process, magnetic rheology elastic body 3 can be big by adjusting 6 size of current of coil change magnetic field in muffler It is small, and then and change its mechanical property, and the change of its mechanical property will cause acoustic impedance and acoustic absorptivity to change, therefore can Its acoustic absorptivity harmony impedance magnitude is adjusted according to the variation of incident acoustic wave frequency, realizes that acoustic impedance is adjustable;Magnetic rheology elastic body 3 is low Frequency range acoustic absorptivity increases with electric current and is increased, and acoustic absorptivity reaches peak value when size of current reaches a certain value;Work as incidence It resonating both when frequency of sound wave and same or similar 3 intrinsic frequency of magnetic rheology elastic body, peak value will occur in sound energy loss amount, So as to improve whole sound absorbing performance.
When sound wave enters the first cavity 15 by air inlet pipe 1, most of sound wave passes through the circulation on partition board 10 and partition board 10 Channel 16 enters the second cavity 13, common by perforated plate 4 and magnetic rheology elastic body 3 after small part sound wave is reflected by partition board 10 Effect sorption enhanced is consumed for thermal energy;Sound wave into the second cavity 13 is mainly " black in the formation of 3 surface of magnetic rheology elastic body Hole " effect, leads to multiple reflections, repeatedly absorbs so that acoustic absorptivity reaches maximum, and fraction passes through perforated plate 4 and magnetic current Become the sound absorption of 3 collective effect of elastomer;Sound wave enters third cavity from the second cavity 13 by circulation passage 16 and across partition board 10 9, at this time only remain a small amount of noise, can perforated plate 4 with sorption enhanced disappears for thermal energy again under 3 collective effect of magnetic rheology elastic body Consumption.Clearly for the muffler of the present invention, when electric current increase makes acoustic impedance and acoustic absorptivity increase, the bandwidth of incident acoustic wave Degree is consequently increased, and has effectively expanded the frequency bandwidth of the incident acoustic wave of system, therefore controllability is strong, adjustable sound-absorbing bandwidth, sound Impedance variable range is big.
The perforated plate 4 is combined with 3 material of magnetic rheology elastic body, can widen sound sucting band, and 3 energy of magnetic rheology elastic body The vibrational energy of muffler is enough reduced, up to the purpose up to damping shock absorption and sound absorption.
Technical characteristic the foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, Ren Heben The technical staff in field in the field of the invention, all cover among the scope of the claims of the present invention by the variation or modification made.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active moves sound-absorbing muffler, it is characterised in that:Including cylinder, distinguish along the both ends of tubular axis Equipped with air inlet pipe (1) and air outlet pipe (8), cylinder is separated along vertical tubular axis direction by two pieces of partition boards (10) in the cylinder For the first cavity (15), the second cavity (13) and third cavity (9), the air inlet pipe (1) communicates with the first cavity (15), described Air outlet pipe (8) is communicated with third cavity (9), and recirculation hole (14) is provided on two pieces of partition boards (10);In second cavity (13) Equipped with the fixing axle (7) coaxial with cylinder, it is arranged at least two pieces of magnetic conductive boards (12) on the fixing axle (7), adjacent two pieces Magnetic rheology elastic body (11) is equipped between magnetic conductive board (12), coil is equipped between magnetic rheology elastic body (11) and fixing axle (7) (6), there are circulation passage (16) between cylinder inboard wall for the magnetic conductive board (12) and magnetic rheology elastic body (11).
2. a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active as described in claim 1 moves sound-absorbing muffler, it is characterised in that:The cylinder is by outer Within include outer wall (2), magnetic rheology elastic body (3) and perforated plate (4) successively, be provided with several stomatas on the perforated plate (4) (5)。
3. a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active as claimed in claim 2 moves sound-absorbing muffler, it is characterised in that:The stomata (5) Occupied area is not less than the 30% of perforated plate (4) area.
4. a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active as described in claim 1 moves sound-absorbing muffler, it is characterised in that:Every piece of partition board (10) at least six recirculation holes (14) are provided on, the recirculation hole (14) is evenly distributed on the partition board (10).
5. a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active as described in claim 1 moves sound-absorbing muffler, it is characterised in that:The fixing axle (7) both ends are separately fixed on two pieces of partition boards (10).
6. a kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active as described in claim 1 moves sound-absorbing muffler, it is characterised in that:The air inlet pipe (1) it extend into the first cavity (15), the air outlet pipe (8) is also extend into third cavity (9).
CN201810285377.4A 2018-03-19 2018-03-19 A kind of magnetic rheology elastic body active moves sound-absorbing muffler Pending CN108252768A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110552679A (en) * 2019-09-27 2019-12-10 西安石油大学 Intelligent vibration-damping natural gas well supersonic speed separation device based on magneto rheological elastomer
CN112282089A (en) * 2020-10-20 2021-01-29 黄飞雁 Rheological state acoustic celotex board based on classic absorption
CN113557176A (en) * 2019-03-11 2021-10-26 唐顺特株式会社 Sound insulation member

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113557176A (en) * 2019-03-11 2021-10-26 唐顺特株式会社 Sound insulation member
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CN110552679B (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-09-15 西安石油大学 Natural gas well supersonic speed separator based on magneto-rheological elastomer intelligence shock attenuation
CN112282089A (en) * 2020-10-20 2021-01-29 黄飞雁 Rheological state acoustic celotex board based on classic absorption
CN112282089B (en) * 2020-10-20 2022-03-25 广西鸿昊新材料有限公司 Rheological state acoustic celotex board based on classic absorption

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