CN110542506A - detection device and detection method for X-ray stress determinator - Google Patents
detection device and detection method for X-ray stress determinator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110542506A CN110542506A CN201910980876.XA CN201910980876A CN110542506A CN 110542506 A CN110542506 A CN 110542506A CN 201910980876 A CN201910980876 A CN 201910980876A CN 110542506 A CN110542506 A CN 110542506A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000984 pole figure measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/25—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/20008—Constructional details of analysers, e.g. characterised by X-ray source, detector or optical system; Accessories therefor; Preparing specimens therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/207—Diffractometry using detectors, e.g. using a probe in a central position and one or more displaceable detectors in circumferential positions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection device and a detection method for an X-ray stress tester.A goniometer co-tilting device, a goniometer tilting device and a four-axis detection platform are all arranged in a shell assembly, an installation platform is arranged in the shell assembly, and the goniometer tilting device is fixedly arranged on the installation platform through a bracket bottom plate; the four-axis detection platform is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the bracket, the goniometer co-tilting device is arranged on a supporting plate of the goniometer tilting device, and the detected part is placed on the four-axis detection platform; the method comprises the following steps: measuring the residual stress of the material and the material product by a homocline method through a goniometer homocline device; measuring the residual stress of the material and the material product by a roll method through a roll device of the goniometer; the rotary goniometer side-tipping device and the rotary assembly of the rotary table acquire data at equal intervals within 360 degrees, and complete pole figure measurement is completed. The invention realizes the measurement of the residual stress by the homocline and the side-tipping method, has large equipment power, high resolution and accurate measurement result, and is suitable for the detection of larger parts.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to a stress measuring device for parts, in particular to a detecting device and a detecting method for an X-ray stress measuring instrument.
background
at present, with the continuous development of new materials, the new materials are widely used in various fields, and more new materials enter people's lives. The scientific research institutions in China increasingly use and have higher requirements on stress measurement of new materials, most of the devices are imported, the imported devices cannot completely meet detection requirements, the price is high, the maintenance time is too long, the maintenance cost is too high, the stress analysis of the new materials is hindered to a certain extent, and the residual stress analysis and the residual austenite content and texture accurate measurement of material structures and irregularly-shaped parts in multiple fields cannot be realized.
various mechanical components are often subjected to residual stresses during manufacture. During the manufacturing process, proper residual stress may be a factor for strengthening the parts, and improper residual stress may cause process defects such as deformation and cracking. After machining, the residual stresses will affect the static load strength, fatigue strength, stress corrosion resistance and dimensional stability of the component. How a component is left in a residual stress state is a common concern for designers, manufacturers, and users. Non-destructive measurement of residual stress is a necessary means to improve strength design, improve process results, verify product quality, and perform equipment safety analysis.
Therefore, in the field of X-ray stress measurement, a detection device is urgently needed to meet the use requirements of more and more stress analysis and detection at present.
disclosure of Invention
aiming at the defects that the stress measuring device of the parts in the prior art can not realize the residual stress analysis of parts with new material structures and irregular shapes in multiple fields, the invention aims to solve the problem of providing the detecting device and the detecting method of the X-ray stress measuring instrument, which can provide the most reliable detecting means for the research of new materials and the reliability of key parts.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
The invention discloses a detection device of an X-ray stress tester, which comprises an angle meter co-inclining device, an angle meter inclining device, a four-axis detection platform and a shell assembly, wherein the angle meter co-inclining device, the angle meter inclining device and the four-axis detection platform are all arranged in the shell assembly; four-axis testing platform fixed mounting is on the support bottom plate, and the device that inclines simultaneously of goniometer is installed in the backup pad of the device that heels of goniometer, and the spare part that is surveyed is placed on four-axis testing platform.
the goniometer co-inclining device comprises: the device comprises a ray source, a ray source supporting arm, a ray source fixing plate, a detector supporting arm, a ray source rotating sleeve, a detector rotating sleeve, a bearing, a main shaft and a homocline driving device, wherein the ray source is arranged on the ray source fixing plate through the ray source supporting arm; the detector is arranged on the detector rotating sleeve through the detector supporting arm; the ray source rotating sleeve and the detector rotating sleeve are fixed on the main shaft through an internally installed bearing; the main shaft is fixed on the supporting plate; two homocline worm gears are arranged on the main shaft, and two homocline worms meshed with the two homocline worm gears are respectively connected with the output ends of respective homocline driving devices.
The angle measuring instrument tilting device comprises a support bottom plate, a support upright post, tilting shoe seats, bearings, tilting shafts, tilting connecting plates, tilting worm wheels, tilting worms and a tilting driving device, wherein the support bottom plate is a fixing plate for fixing the angle measuring instrument tilting device, the support upright post is fixed on the support bottom plate, the two tilting shoe seats are fixed on the support upright post, the bearings are arranged in the tilting shoe seats and fixed on the tilting shafts, the tilting connecting plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the tilting shafts, the two tilting connecting plates are connected with a supporting plate of the angle measuring instrument tilting device, the tilting worm wheels are arranged on the tilting shafts and meshed with the tilting worms, and the tilting worms are connected with output ends of the tilting driving device.
One side of the side-tipping connecting plate is provided with a side-tipping counterweight.
The four-axis detection platform comprises a rotary table bottom plate, a rotary table rotating assembly, a rotary table front-and-back moving assembly, a rotary table left-and-right moving assembly, a rotary table lifting assembly and a rotary table upper plate, wherein the rotary table bottom plate is fixed on a support bottom plate of the angle measuring instrument side-tipping device, the rotary table rotating assembly is installed on the rotary table bottom plate, the rotary table front-and-back moving assembly is installed on the rotary table rotating assembly, the rotary table left-and-right moving assembly is installed on the rotary table front-and-back moving assembly, the rotary table lifting assembly is installed on the rotary table left-and-right moving assembly, the rotary table.
a detection method of a detection device of an X-ray stress determinator comprises the following steps:
1) Controlling the ray source to rotate by an angle theta s and the detector to rotate by an angle theta d to perform step scanning through the goniometer co-tilting device, so as to realize the measurement of the residual stress of the material and the material product by the co-tilting method;
2) Controlling the rotation angle theta s of the ray source and the rotation angle theta d of the detector to perform step scanning through the angle measuring instrument tilting device, and realizing the measurement of the residual stress of the material and the material product by using a tilting method;
3) and fixing the rotation angle thetas of the ray source and the diffraction angle of the rotation angle thetad of the detector on the crystal plane { H, K, L }, rotating the side-tipping device of the goniometer to enable the goniometer to rotate at equal angles, and acquiring data by the rotary table rotating assembly at equal intervals within 360 degrees to complete the measurement of the complete polar diagram.
In the step 1), the measurement of the residual stress of the material and the material product by the homocline method is as follows:
101) placing the tested part on a turntable upper plate, controlling a turntable lifting assembly in a four-axis detection platform to lift or lower the turntable upper plate, starting a laser ranging positioning device to position the tested part, and automatically determining a sample diffraction plane;
102) Selecting crystal planes (H, K and L) with the 2 theta angle of the sample being 110-170 degrees, setting a 2 theta angle measurement range, setting the inclination angle psi of a homocline device of the goniometer to be 0 degree, controlling the rotation theta angle of the ray source and the rotation theta angle d of the detector to perform step scanning within the 2 theta angle range, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
103) Setting a homocline device of the goniometer to have a homocline angle psi of 15 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within a range of an angle theta 2, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
104) Setting a homocline device of an angle meter to have a homocline angle psi of 30 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within a range of an angle theta 2, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
105) Setting a homocline device of an angle meter to have a homocline angle psi of 45 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within a range of an angle theta 2, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
106) and 4 groups of spectrograms which are collected in total can be used for calculating the residual stress result of the homocline method by using stress calculation software.
in the step 2), the residual stress of the material and the material product is measured by a side-tipping method as follows:
201) placing the tested part on a turntable upper plate, controlling a turntable lifting assembly in a four-axis detection platform to lift or lower the turntable upper plate, starting a laser ranging positioning device to position the tested part, and automatically determining a sample diffraction plane;
202) selecting a certain crystal face (H, K, L) with a 2 theta angle of the sample of 110-170 degrees, setting a 2 theta angle measurement range, setting a side inclination angle alpha of a side-tipping device of an angle measuring instrument to be 0 degree, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within the 2 theta angle range, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
203) Setting a roll angle alpha of a lateral inclination device of the goniometer to be 15 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d within an angle range of 2 theta to perform step scanning, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
204) setting a roll angle alpha of a lateral inclination device of the goniometer to be 30 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d within an angle range of 2 theta to perform step scanning, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
205) setting a roll angle alpha of a lateral inclination device of the goniometer to be 45 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d within an angle range of 2 theta to perform step scanning, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
206) and 4 groups of spectrograms which are collected in total can be used for calculating the residual stress result of the rolling method by using stress calculation software.
The complete pole figure measurement in step 3) is as follows:
301) placing the tested part on a turntable upper plate, controlling a turntable lifting assembly in a four-axis detection platform to lift or lower the turntable upper plate, starting a laser ranging positioning device to position the tested part, and automatically determining a sample diffraction plane;
302) Selecting a crystal plane (H, K, L) with a 2 theta angle of the sample of 110-170 degrees, and rotating the radiation source by an angle of thetas and the detector by an angle of thetad to a position of 2 theta angle/2;
303) setting the roll angle alpha of a lateral inclination device of the goniometer to be 0 DEG, controlling a rotary assembly of the rotary table to perform sampling at every 5 DEG, wherein 72 sampling points are counted in the range of 360 DEG, and recording the diffraction intensity of each sampling point by an SDD detector;
304) setting the roll angle alpha of the inclinometer side-tipping device to be 5 degrees, controlling the rotary table rotating assembly to sample every 5 degrees, and recording the diffraction intensity of each sampling point by the SDD detector 104;
305) setting the roll angle alpha of the inclinometer side-tipping device to be 10 degrees, controlling the rotary table rotating assembly to perform sampling at every 5 degrees, and recording the diffraction intensity of each sampling point by the SDD detector;
306) each time, the roll angle alpha of the angle measuring instrument roll device is increased by 5 degrees until the roll angle alpha of the angle measuring instrument roll device is 70 degrees, and 1080 data are collected in total;
307) and (3) manufacturing a single sheet polar diagram of the corresponding crystal face { H, K, L } through calculation software, and calculating the texture of the crystal face.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
1. the invention can realize the measurement of the residual stress of the homocline and the side-tipping method, provides the most reliable detection means for the research of new materials and the reliability of key parts, and can realize the analysis of the residual stress and the accurate measurement of the content of the residual austenite and the texture of parts with irregular shapes and material structures in various fields; the same equipment can realize the simultaneous inclination method and the side inclination method for measuring the residual stress, and the measurement results of the two methods are mutually verified.
2. the device has the advantages of high power, high resolution and accurate measurement result, and is suitable for detecting larger parts, and the same device can be used for measuring residual stress and pole figure.
3. According to the high-precision diffraction angle measuring device, the resolution precision of the 2 theta angle is superior to 0.0001 degree, and the accurate 2 theta angle is obtained; the stress measurement in the direction of X, Y at the same point is automatically switched without operating a sample; the number of sample measurement points can be set randomly in the same plane, the residual stress measurement is automatically and sequentially completed, and a stress distribution diagram is drawn;
4. According to the invention, the high-resolution SDD detector is adopted, and when the target material is fixed, the residual stress measurement of various materials can be realized; configuring an SI drift linear array detector to quickly complete residual stress measurement; a laser positioner is arranged in the device to realize full-automatic positioning of the sample, and the repetition precision is less than 3 mu m;
5. the method is combined with complete data processing software, and can edit the calculation parameters of the Miller index and the Young modulus Poisson ratio, so as to realize accurate calculation of residual stress, half-peak width, austenite content and the like; and finishing texture calculation and drawing a pole figure through professional software.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the external structure of the detecting device of the X-ray stress measuring apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the main structure of the detecting device of the X-ray stress measuring apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the main structure of the detecting device of the X-ray stress measuring apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the main structure of the detecting device of the X-ray stress measuring apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the same inclination device of the goniometer of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the co-tilting device of the goniometer of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of the co-tilting device of the goniometer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the goniometer tilt device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the goniometer tilt device of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a left side view of the goniometer tilt device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a four-axis inspection platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side view of a four-axis inspection platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the housing assembly structure of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a left side elevational view of the housing assembly construction of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the detection method of the X-ray stress measuring apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship of the components of the main structure of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the roll angle α of the goniometer tilt apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the source rotation angle θ s, the detector rotation angle θ d, and the Ψ angle according to the present invention.
The device comprises a goniometer homocline device 1, a radiation source 101, a radiation source supporting arm 102, a radiation source fixing plate 103, a detector 104, a detector supporting arm 105, a radiation source rotating sleeve 106, a detector rotating sleeve 107, a homocline bearing 108, a main shaft 109, a homocline worm wheel 110, a homocline worm 111, a homocline motor 112 and a supporting plate 113, wherein the goniometer homocline device comprises a radiation source, a radiation source supporting arm 102, a radiation source fixing plate 104, a detector supporting arm 105, a radiation; 2, an angle measuring instrument tilting device, 201, a support bottom plate, 202, a support upright post, 203, a tilting pad seat, 204, a tilting bearing, 205, a tilting shaft, 206, a tilting connecting plate, 207, a tilting worm wheel, 208, a tilting worm, 209, a tilting motor and 210, wherein the support bottom plate is a support bottom plate; 3 is a four-axis detection platform, 301 is a turntable bottom plate, 302 is a turntable rotation assembly, 3021 is a rotation motor, 3022 is a rotation coupling, 3023 is a rotation worm, 3024 is a rotation shoe base, 3025 is a rotation worm gear, 3026 is a rotation sleeve, 3027 is a rotation bearing, 3028 is a fixed sleeve, 3029 is a rotation upper cover, 303 is a turntable front-and-back movement assembly, 3031 is a front-and-back movement motor, 3032 is a front-and-back movement coupling, 3033 is a front-and-back movement lead screw, 3034 is a front-and-back movement shoe base, 3035 is a front-and-back movement lower plate, 3036 is a front-and-back movement linear guide rail, 3037 is a front-and-back movement upper plate, 3039 is a front-and-back movement screw nut, 304 is a turntable left-and-right movement assembly, 3041 is a left-and-right movement motor, 3042 is a left-and-right movement coupling, 3048 a left and right moving screw, 305 a turntable lifting assembly, 3051 a lifting moving motor, 3052 a lifting moving coupling, 3053 a lifting moving worm, 3054 a lifting moving shoe, 3055 a lifting moving worm gear, 3056 a lifting moving screw, 3057 a lifting moving screw, 3058 a lifting moving bearing, 3059 a lifting moving connecting plate, 306 a turntable upper plate, 3060 an upper plate connecting plate, 3061 a turntable linear guide, 3062 a turntable slider, 4 a housing assembly, 401 a frame assembly, 402 a mounting platform, and 403 a manual sliding door; 5 is a measured part, 6 is a laser ranging and positioning device, 7 is an X-ray diffraction intensity recording and controlling unit, 8 is a circulating water cooling device, 9 is an X-ray generator, 10 is a sample diffraction plane, and 11 is an angle bisector.
Detailed Description
the invention is further elucidated with reference to the accompanying drawings.
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the detection device for an X-ray stress determinator according to the present invention includes an goniometer co-tilting device 1, an goniometer tilting device 2, a four-axis detection platform 3 and a housing assembly 4, wherein the goniometer co-tilting device 1, the goniometer tilting device 2 and the four-axis detection platform 3 are all installed in the housing assembly 4, an installation platform 402 is arranged in the housing assembly 4, and the goniometer tilting device 2 is fixedly installed on the installation platform 402 through a support bottom plate 201; four-axis testing platform 3 fixed mounting is on support bottom plate 201, and goniometer is with inclining device 1 and installing in goniometer heeling device 2's backup pad 113, and the spare part 5 that is surveyed is placed on four-axis testing platform 3.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the goniometer co-tilting device 1 includes: the device comprises a ray source 101, a ray source supporting arm 102, a ray source fixing plate 103, a detector 104, a detector supporting arm 105, a ray source rotating sleeve 106, a detector rotating sleeve 107, a bearing 108, a main shaft 109 and a homocline driving device, wherein the ray source 101 is arranged on the ray source fixing plate 103 through the ray source supporting arm 102, and the ray source fixing plate 103 is fixedly arranged on the ray source rotating sleeve 106; the detector 104 is arranged on a detector rotating sleeve 107 through a detector supporting arm 105; the radiation source rotating sleeve 106 and the detector rotating sleeve 107 are fixed on a main shaft 109 through an internally-arranged bearing 108; the main shaft 109 is fixed on the support plate 113; two homocline worm gears 110 are arranged on the main shaft, and two homocline worms 111 which are respectively meshed with the two homocline worm gears 110 are respectively connected with the output ends of the respective homocline driving devices.
as shown in fig. 8 to 10, the goniometer-tilting device 2 includes a bracket bottom plate 201, a bracket upright 202, a tilting pad holder 203, a bearing 204, a tilting shaft 205, a tilting web 206, a tilting worm wheel 207, a tilting worm 208 and a tilting drive device, wherein the bracket bottom plate 201 is a fixing plate for fixing the goniometer-tilting device, the bracket upright 202 is fixed on the bracket bottom plate 201, the two tilting pad holders 203 are fixed on the bracket upright 202, the bearing 204 is mounted in the tilting pad holders 203 and fixed on the tilting shaft 205, the tilting web 206 is mounted on each end of the tilting shaft 205, the two tilting web 206 are connected to the supporting plate 113 of the goniometer-tilting device 1, the tilting worm wheel 207 is mounted on the tilting shaft 205, the tilting worm wheel 207 is engaged with the tilting worm 208, and the tilting worm 208 is connected to the output end of the tilting drive. The present embodiment mounts the roll weight 210 on the side of the roll connecting plate 206.
As shown in fig. 11 to 12 and 16, the four-axis detection platform 3 includes a turntable base plate 301, a turntable rotation assembly 302, a turntable front-and-back movement assembly 303, a turntable left-and-right movement assembly 304, a turntable lifting assembly 305, and a turntable upper plate 306, wherein the turntable base plate 301 is fixed on the support base plate 201 of the goniometer tilt device 2, the turntable rotation assembly 302 is installed on the turntable base plate 301, the turntable front-and-back movement assembly 303 is installed on the turntable rotation assembly 302, the turntable left-and-right movement assembly 304 is installed on the turntable front-and-back movement assembly 303, the turntable lifting assembly 305 is installed on the turntable left-and-right movement assembly 304, the turntable upper plate 306 is installed on the turntable lifting assembly 305, and the measured component.
as shown in fig. 13 to 14, the housing assembly includes: the device comprises a frame assembly 401, a mounting platform 402 and a manual sliding door 403, wherein the frame assembly 401 is a closed cabinet, the mounting platform 402 is arranged in the middle of the cabinet and used for fixing a support bottom plate 201 of the goniometer side-tipping device 2, and two manual sliding doors 403 are mounted outside the frame assembly 401.
as shown in fig. 11 to 12, the turntable rotary assembly 302 is configured such that a rotary motor 3021 is connected to one end of a rotary worm 3023 through a rotary coupling 3022, both ends of the rotary worm 3023 are fixed to the turntable base plate 301 through rotary shoe bases 3024, the rotary worm 3023 and a rotary worm wheel 3025 are engaged with each other to rotate the rotary worm wheel 3025, the rotary worm wheel 3025 is fixed to a rotary sleeve 3026, a rotary bearing 3027 is provided in the rotary sleeve 3026, the bearing 3027 is fixed to a fixed sleeve 3028, the fixed sleeve 3028 is mounted on the turntable base plate 301, a rotary upper cover 3029 is mounted on the rotary sleeve 3026, and the rotary motor 3021 rotates to rotate the rotary upper cover 3029 through the rotary worm 3023, the rotary worm wheel 3025, and the rotary sleeve 3026.
The turntable front-back movement assembly 303 is formed by connecting a front-back movement motor 3031 to one end of a front-back movement screw rod 3033 through a front-back movement coupler 3032, two ends of the front-back movement screw rod 3033 are fixed on a front-back movement lower plate 3035 through a front-back movement bearing 3034, the front-back movement lower plate 3035 is fixed on a rotary upper cover 3029 on the turntable rotation assembly 302, two front-back movement linear guide rails 3036 are mounted on the front-back movement lower plate 3035, a front-back movement slider 3037 is arranged on the front-back movement linear guide rail 3036, the upper surface of the front-back movement slider 3037 is connected to a front-back movement upper plate 3038, a front-back movement screw nut 3039 is fixed below the front-back movement upper plate 3038, the front-back movement screw nut 3039 is mutually meshed with the front-back movement screw, thereby driving the front and rear moving upper plate 3038 to perform front and rear linear movement.
the left and right moving assembly 304 of the turntable is connected with one end of a left and right moving screw 3043 by a left and right moving motor 3041 through a left and right moving coupling 3042, the two ends of the left and right moving screw 3043 are fixed on a front and back moving upper plate 3038 in the front and back moving assembly 303 of the turntable by a left and right moving shoe 3044, two left and right moving linear guide rails 3045 are arranged on the front and back moving upper plate 3038 in the front and back moving assembly 303 of the turntable, a left and right moving slider 3046 is arranged on the left and right moving linear guide rails 3045, a left and right moving slider 3046 is connected on the left and right moving upper plate 3047, a left and right moving nut 3048 is fixed under the left and right moving upper plate 3047, the left and right moving nut 3048 is engaged with the left and, the left and right upper plates 3047 are driven to linearly move left and right by moving linearly on the left and right screw 3043.
the turntable lifting assembly 305 is formed by connecting a lifting moving motor 3051 to one end of a lifting moving worm 3053 through a lifting moving coupling 3052, two ends of the lifting moving worm 3053 are fixed on a left-right moving upper plate 3047 in the turntable left-right moving assembly 304 through a lifting moving shoe 3054, the lifting moving worm 3053 is meshed with a lifting moving worm gear 3055 to drive the lifting moving worm gear 3055 to rotate, the lifting moving worm gear 3055 is arranged on a lifting moving screw 3056, the lifting moving screw 3056 is meshed with a lifting moving screw 3057, the lifting moving screw 3057 is fixed on the left-right moving upper plate 3047 in the turntable left-right moving assembly 304, the turntable upper plate 306 is provided with a lifting moving bearing 3058, the lifting moving bearing 3058 is arranged on the lifting moving screw 3056, and the lower end of the turntable upper plate 306 is provided with two lifting moving connecting plates 3059; an upper plate connecting plate 3060 is fixed on a left-right moving upper plate 3047 in the turntable left-right moving assembly 304, a turntable linear guide rail 3061 is installed on the upper plate connecting plate 3060, a turntable sliding block 3062 is arranged on the turntable linear guide rail 3061, the turntable sliding block 3062 is connected with a lifting moving connecting plate 3059, and a lifting moving motor 3051 rotates to drive a lifting moving screw 3056 to move up and down under the guidance of the turntable linear guide rail 3061, so that the turntable upper plate 306 is driven to move up and down.
The rotation of the two sets of homocline motors 112 drives the homocline worm 111 and the homocline worm wheel 110 to rotate, and then the rotation of the radiation source rotating sleeve 106 and the detector rotating sleeve 107 are respectively driven, so as to drive the radiation source 101 and the detector 104 to rotate around the main shaft 109.
as shown in fig. 15, the detection device of the X-ray stress measuring instrument of the present invention is electrically connected to the control unit host during detection, and the original water pipe of the detection device of the X-ray stress measuring instrument is connected to the water pipe of the circulating water cooling device to cool the X-ray source. The control process of the detection device of the X-ray stress determinator is briefly described as follows:
1) opening a manual sliding door 403 of the device, placing the detected part 5 on the upper plate 306 of the turntable of the four-axis detection platform 3, adjusting the front, rear, left, right, upper and lower positions of the four-axis detection platform 3 to enable the upper plane of the detected part 5 to be horizontal to the diffraction plane, and closing the manual sliding door 403;
2) starting an X-ray instrument to start detection, and carrying out homocline detection on the detected part 5 by the coaxial rotary movement of the ray source 101 and the detector 104;
3) After the homocline detection is finished, the inclinometer tilting device 2 deflects the required angle, and simultaneously the ray source 101 and the detector 104 coaxially rotate and move to perform tilting detection on the part 5 to be detected;
4) And (5) after the detection is finished, closing the X-ray instrument, and restoring the X-ray stress measuring instrument to the original position.
The invention relates to a detection method of a detection device of an X-ray stress determinator, which comprises the following steps (schematic diagrams of each inclination angle of a goniometer are shown in figures 17-18):
1) controlling the ray source to rotate by an angle theta s and the detector to rotate by an angle theta d to perform step scanning through the goniometer co-tilting device, so as to realize the measurement of the residual stress of the material and the material product by the co-tilting method;
2) Controlling the rotation angle theta s of the ray source and the rotation angle theta d of the detector to perform step scanning through the angle measuring instrument tilting device, and realizing the measurement of the residual stress of the material and the material product by using a tilting method;
3) Fixing the diffraction angles of the ray source rotation angle thetas and the detector rotation angle thetad on the crystal plane { H, K, L }, rotating the goniometer side-tipping device to enable the goniometer to rotate at equal angles, and collecting data at equal intervals within 360 degrees by the turntable rotation assembly (namely a phi-angle rotation mechanism) to complete the measurement of a complete polar diagram;
In the step 1), the measurement of the residual stress of the material and the material product by the homocline method is as follows:
101) the measured part 5 is placed on the turntable upper plate 306, the turntable lifting assembly 305 (namely, a Z-axis lifting mechanism) in the four-axis detection platform 3 is controlled to lift or lower the turntable upper plate 306, the laser ranging and positioning device 6 (in the embodiment, a loose HG-C1000 type laser sighting device is adopted) is started to position the measured part 5, and the sample diffraction plane is automatically determined.
102) Selecting crystal planes (H, K and L) with a 2 theta angle of a sample of 110-170 degrees, setting a 2 theta angle measurement range, setting an inclination angle psi of a homocline device of a goniometer to be 0 degree (namely angle lines of a ray source and a detector are overlapped with a vertical line), controlling the ray source to rotate a theta angle s and the detector to rotate a theta angle d to perform step scanning in the 2 theta angle range, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by a detector 104 (an SDD detector or a Si array detector);
103) setting a homocline device of an angle measuring instrument to have a homocline angle psi of 15 degrees (namely, the angle between the angle division line of the ray source and the detector and the vertical line is 15 degrees), controlling the ray source to rotate an angle theta s and the detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within the range of an angle theta 2, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector 104 (the SDD detector or the Si array detector is adopted in the embodiment);
104) Setting a homocline device of the goniometer to have a homocline angle psi of 30 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within a range of an angle theta 2, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by a detector 104;
105) setting a homocline device of the goniometer to have a homocline angle psi of 45 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within an angle range of 2 theta, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by a detector 104;
106) and 4 groups of spectrograms which are collected in total can be used for calculating the residual stress result of the homocline method by using stress calculation software.
In the step 2), the residual stress of the material and the material product is measured by a side-tipping method as follows:
201) the measured part 5 is placed on a turntable upper plate 306, a turntable lifting assembly 305 (a Z-axis lifting mechanism) in the four-axis detection platform 3 is controlled to lift or lower the turntable upper plate 306, a laser ranging and positioning device 6 is started to position the measured part 5, and a sample diffraction plane is automatically determined;
202) selecting a certain crystal face { H, K, L } of a sample with a 2 theta angle of 110-170 degrees, setting a 2 theta angle measurement range, setting a tilt device (namely an alpha angle rotation mechanism) of an angle measuring instrument to be equal to a side inclination angle alpha of 0 degree, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning in the 2 theta angle range, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by a detector 104 (an SDD detector or a Si array detector);
203) setting a roll inclination angle alpha of an angle measuring instrument roll device (namely an alpha angle rotating mechanism) to be 15 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within an angle range of 2 theta, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by a detector 104 (an SDD detector or a Si array detector);
204) setting a roll inclination angle alpha of an angle measuring instrument roll device (namely an alpha angle rotating mechanism) to be 30 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within an angle range of 2 theta, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by a detector 104 (an SDD detector or a Si array detector);
205) Setting a roll inclination angle alpha of a goniometer side-tipping device (namely an alpha angle rotating mechanism) to be 45 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within an angle range of 2 theta, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by a detector 104 (an SDD detector or a Si array detector);
206) and 4 groups of spectrograms which are collected in total can be used for calculating the residual stress result of the rolling method by using stress calculation software.
the complete pole figure measurement in step 3) is as follows:
301) the measured part 5 is placed on the upper plate 306 of the rotary table, the upper plate 306 of the rotary table is lifted or lowered by controlling a lifting assembly 305 (namely a Z-axis lifting mechanism) of the rotary table in the four-axis detection platform 3, the laser ranging positioning device 6 is started to position the measured part 5, and the diffraction plane of the sample is automatically determined;
302) selecting a crystal plane (H, K, L) with a 2 theta angle of the sample of 110-170 degrees, and rotating the radiation source by an angle of thetas and the detector by an angle of thetad to a position of 2 theta angle/2;
303) Setting a roll inclination angle alpha of a goniometer side-tipping device (alpha angle rotating mechanism) to be 0 DEG, controlling a rotary table rotating assembly 302 (phi angle rotating mechanism) to perform sampling at every 5 DEG, totaling 72 sampling points in a 360-DEG range, and recording the diffraction intensity of each sampling point by an SDD detector 104;
304) Setting a roll inclination angle alpha of a side-tipping device (alpha angle rotating mechanism) of the goniometer to be 5 degrees, controlling a rotating table rotating assembly 302 (namely the phi angle rotating mechanism) to perform sampling points at every 5 degrees, and recording the diffraction intensity of each sampling point by the SDD detector 104;
305) Setting a roll inclination angle alpha of a goniometer side-tipping device (alpha angle rotating mechanism) to be 10 degrees, controlling a rotary table rotating assembly 302 (phi angle rotating mechanism) to perform sampling at every 5 degrees, and recording the diffraction intensity of each sampling point by the SDD detector 104;
306) each time, the roll angle alpha of the goniometer roll device (alpha angle rotating mechanism) is increased by 5 degrees until the roll angle alpha of the goniometer roll device (alpha angle rotating mechanism) is 70 degrees, and 1080 data are collected in total;
307) and (3) manufacturing a single sheet polar diagram of the corresponding crystal face { H, K, L } through calculation software, and calculating the texture of the crystal face.
The method of the invention utilizes the principle that X-rays are diffracted when penetrating through metal lattices to measure the strain of the surface layer of the metal material or the member caused by the change of the lattice spacing, thereby calculating the stress and directly measuring the stress or the residual stress of the surface layer of the test piece without damage.
According to the invention, through the set psi angle, the step scanning of theta s and theta d arms of the goniometer is controlled, and the measurement of the residual stress of the material and the material product by the homoclination method is realized. And the set alpha angle controls the theta s and theta d arms of the goniometer to perform step scanning, so that the residual stress of the material and the material product is measured by the roll method. Fixing diffraction angles of theta s and theta d arms on a certain crystal plane { H, K and L }, setting an alpha angle equal-division angle, and collecting data at equal intervals within 360 degrees by the phi angle to realize complete pole figure measurement.
the grains of the material crystals are arranged in varying degrees around some particular orientation, known as preferred orientation or simply texture. In the x-ray diffraction measurement, in order to express the orientation distribution statistical information of crystal grains, a pole figure is used for visual representation. The polar diagram is a diagram obtained by projecting the spatial orientation of the normal line of a certain crystal plane { H, K, L } of a crystal grain in a macroscopic coordinate system on a polar-incidence equatorial plane, and can reflect part of orientation information of a material.
the detection parts of the device are various material structure analyses, including metal materials, inorganic materials, composite materials, organic materials, nano materials and superconducting materials. The material states that can be analyzed include: powder samples, bulk samples, film samples, micro-area micro-samples. The method is widely applied to the research fields of clay minerals, cement buildings, environmental dust, chemical products, medicines, asbestos, rock minerals, polymers and the like.
the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The detection device of the X-ray stress determinator is characterized in that: the device comprises an angle meter co-inclining device, an angle meter inclining device, a four-axis detection platform and a shell assembly, wherein the angle meter co-inclining device, the angle meter inclining device and the four-axis detection platform are all arranged in the shell assembly; four-axis testing platform fixed mounting is on the support bottom plate, and the device that inclines simultaneously of goniometer is installed in the backup pad of the device that heels of goniometer, and the spare part that is surveyed is placed on four-axis testing platform.
2. The X-ray stress gauge detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the goniometer co-tilting device comprises: the device comprises a ray source, a ray source supporting arm, a ray source fixing plate, a detector supporting arm, a ray source rotating sleeve, a detector rotating sleeve, a bearing, a main shaft and a homocline driving device, wherein the ray source is arranged on the ray source fixing plate through the ray source supporting arm; the detector is arranged on the detector rotating sleeve through the detector supporting arm; the ray source rotating sleeve and the detector rotating sleeve are fixed on the main shaft through an internally installed bearing; the main shaft is fixed on the supporting plate; two homocline worm gears are arranged on the main shaft, and two homocline worms meshed with the two homocline worm gears are respectively connected with the output ends of respective homocline driving devices.
3. the apparatus of claim 1, wherein the goniometer tilt assembly comprises a bracket base plate, a bracket post, a tilt shoe, a bearing, a tilt shaft, a tilt connecting plate, a tilt worm gear, and a tilt driving device, wherein the bracket base plate is a fixing plate for fixing the goniometer tilt assembly, the bracket post is fixed on the bracket base plate, the two tilt shoe seats are fixed on the bracket post, the bearing is fixed on the tilt shaft, the tilt connecting plates are respectively mounted at two ends of the tilt shaft, the two tilt connecting plates are connected with a supporting plate of the goniometer tilt assembly, the tilt worm gear is mounted on the tilt shaft, the tilt worm gear is engaged with the tilt worm gear, and the tilt worm gear is connected with an output end of the tilt driving device.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein a roll weight is attached to the roll web.
5. the apparatus of claim 1, wherein the four-axis testing platform comprises a base plate, a rotating assembly, a front and back moving assembly, a left and right moving assembly, a lifting assembly and an upper plate, wherein the base plate is fixed on a base plate of the side-tipping device, the rotating assembly is mounted on the base plate, the front and back moving assembly is mounted on the rotating assembly, the left and right moving assembly is mounted on the front and back moving assembly, the lifting assembly is mounted on the left and right moving assembly, the upper plate is mounted on the lifting assembly, and the tested parts are placed on the upper plate.
6. the detection method of the detection device of the X-ray stress measuring instrument according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) controlling the ray source to rotate by an angle theta s and the detector to rotate by an angle theta d to perform step scanning through the goniometer co-tilting device, so as to realize the measurement of the residual stress of the material and the material product by the co-tilting method;
2) Controlling the rotation angle theta s of the ray source and the rotation angle theta d of the detector to perform step scanning through the angle measuring instrument tilting device, and realizing the measurement of the residual stress of the material and the material product by using a tilting method;
3) And fixing the rotation angle thetas of the ray source and the diffraction angle of the rotation angle thetad of the detector on the crystal plane { H, K, L }, rotating the side-tipping device of the goniometer to enable the goniometer to rotate at equal angles, and acquiring data by the rotary table rotating assembly at equal intervals within 360 degrees to complete the measurement of the complete polar diagram.
7. the method for detecting the detecting device of the X-ray stress measuring instrument according to claim 6, wherein the step 1) of measuring the residual stress of the material and the material product by the homocline method comprises the following steps:
101) placing the tested part on a turntable upper plate, controlling a turntable lifting assembly in a four-axis detection platform to lift or lower the turntable upper plate, starting a laser ranging positioning device to position the tested part, and automatically determining a sample diffraction plane;
102) selecting crystal planes (H, K and L) with the 2 theta angle of the sample being 110-170 degrees, setting a 2 theta angle measurement range, setting the inclination angle psi of a homocline device of the goniometer to be 0 degree, controlling the rotation theta angle of the ray source and the rotation theta angle d of the detector to perform step scanning within the 2 theta angle range, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
103) setting a homocline device of the goniometer to have a homocline angle psi of 15 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within a range of an angle theta 2, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
104) Setting a homocline device of an angle meter to have a homocline angle psi of 30 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within a range of an angle theta 2, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
105) Setting a homocline device of an angle meter to have a homocline angle psi of 45 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within a range of an angle theta 2, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
106) And 4 groups of spectrograms which are collected in total can be used for calculating the residual stress result of the homocline method by using stress calculation software.
8. the detecting method of the detecting device of the X-ray stress measuring instrument according to claim 6, wherein in the step 2), the residual stress of the material and the material product is measured by a roll method, wherein the residual stress of the material and the material product is measured by the following steps:
201) placing the tested part on a turntable upper plate, controlling a turntable lifting assembly in a four-axis detection platform to lift or lower the turntable upper plate, starting a laser ranging positioning device to position the tested part, and automatically determining a sample diffraction plane;
202) selecting a certain crystal face (H, K, L) with a 2 theta angle of the sample of 110-170 degrees, setting a 2 theta angle measurement range, setting a side inclination angle alpha of a side-tipping device of an angle measuring instrument to be 0 degree, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d to perform step scanning within the 2 theta angle range, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
203) setting a roll angle alpha of a lateral inclination device of the goniometer to be 15 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d within an angle range of 2 theta to perform step scanning, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
204) Setting a roll angle alpha of a lateral inclination device of the goniometer to be 30 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d within an angle range of 2 theta to perform step scanning, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
205) setting a roll angle alpha of a lateral inclination device of the goniometer to be 45 degrees, controlling a ray source to rotate an angle theta s and a detector to rotate an angle theta d within an angle range of 2 theta to perform step scanning, and recording a group of diffraction spectrograms by the detector;
206) And 4 groups of spectrograms which are collected in total can be used for calculating the residual stress result of the rolling method by using stress calculation software.
9. the method of claim 6, wherein the complete pole figure measurement in step 3) is:
301) placing the tested part on a turntable upper plate, controlling a turntable lifting assembly in a four-axis detection platform to lift or lower the turntable upper plate, starting a laser ranging positioning device to position the tested part, and automatically determining a sample diffraction plane;
302) selecting a crystal plane (H, K, L) with a 2 theta angle of the sample of 110-170 degrees, and rotating the radiation source by an angle of thetas and the detector by an angle of thetad to a position of 2 theta angle/2;
303) setting the roll angle alpha of a lateral inclination device of the goniometer to be 0 DEG, controlling a rotary assembly of the rotary table to perform sampling at every 5 DEG, wherein 72 sampling points are counted in the range of 360 DEG, and recording the diffraction intensity of each sampling point by an SDD detector;
304) Setting the roll angle alpha of the inclinometer side-tipping device to be 5 degrees, controlling the rotary table rotating assembly to sample every 5 degrees, and recording the diffraction intensity of each sampling point by the SDD detector 104;
305) setting the roll angle alpha of the inclinometer side-tipping device to be 10 degrees, controlling the rotary table rotating assembly to perform sampling at every 5 degrees, and recording the diffraction intensity of each sampling point by the SDD detector;
306) each time, the roll angle alpha of the angle measuring instrument roll device is increased by 5 degrees until the roll angle alpha of the angle measuring instrument roll device is 70 degrees, and 1080 data are collected in total;
307) and (3) manufacturing a single sheet polar diagram of the corresponding crystal face { H, K, L } through calculation software, and calculating the texture of the crystal face.
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| CN111238707A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-05 | 西安交通大学 | Mono-crystal/oriented-crystal stress measuring system and method of monochromatic and polychromatic light X-ray |
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