CN110539853A - Cable laying ship deck arrangement and construction method for laying long-distance sand shores and submarine cables - Google Patents
Cable laying ship deck arrangement and construction method for laying long-distance sand shores and submarine cables Download PDFInfo
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- CN110539853A CN110539853A CN201910885949.7A CN201910885949A CN110539853A CN 110539853 A CN110539853 A CN 110539853A CN 201910885949 A CN201910885949 A CN 201910885949A CN 110539853 A CN110539853 A CN 110539853A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/04—Cable-laying vessels
Abstract
the invention relates to the technical field of submarine cable laying, and discloses a cable laying ship deck arrangement and construction method for laying long-distance sand shores and submarine cables. Meanwhile, a construction method characterized by anchoring in case of low tide and exposure to the beach and laying cables in case of high tide and water in a ship is provided. Compared with the existing method, the tidal rule of the sandbank section is fully utilized, the method of moving the stranded cable to the ship is reserved, and the problem that the actual cable laying route is greatly deviated from the designed route is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the technical field of submarine cable laying, in particular to a cable laying ship deck arrangement and construction method for laying long-distance sand shores and submarine cables.
background
Submarine cables are important power and signal transmission facilities that communicate between offshore and land facilities. In the laying construction of the submarine cable, an appropriate construction method is selected according to local conditions according to different marine hydrology, terrain and landform conditions, particularly water depth conditions, of the sea area where the cable is designed and routed.
The long-distance sandbar section is a sandbar section which is similar to intertidal zones and is characterized by water at high tide and exposed beach at low tide; meanwhile, the cable laying ship cannot pass through the past sandbar section by using the once high tide. For a long-distance sandbar section, the current submarine cable laying construction method comprises the following steps: selecting a cable laying ship with small draught; after the cable is loaded, the draught of the cable laying ship is smaller than the water depth of the sand bank section at high tide. In the high tide time period, towing the cable laying ship by using two anchor boats and traveling the ship along the cable design route; meanwhile, cables are buried while being paved. And in the low tide time period, the cable laying ship and the two anchor boats are in stand-by state on the beach.
The construction method of the side towing ship can effectively solve the problem of submarine cable laying construction in a long-distance sand continent section. The corresponding problems that come with this are: 1) the required draught of the anchor boat is not more than that of the cable laying ship, but the anchor boat with small draught usually has small horsepower, so that the power is insufficient when the cable laying ship is dragged, and the difficulty in selecting the anchor boat is high and is not easy to solve; 2) the cable laying ship with insufficient towing power is greatly influenced by sea conditions such as wind, ocean currents and the like, so that the track control of the cable laying ship is difficult, and the actual cable laying route deviates from the cable design route greatly.
Therefore, the method for laying and constructing the submarine cable of the long-distance sand shores and the corresponding arrangement of the deck of the cable laying ship are the problems to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention provides a deck arrangement and construction method of a cable laying ship for laying long-distance sand shores and aims to solve the problem of laying construction of long-distance sand shores and avoid the problem that an actual cable laying route deviates from a designed route greatly.
the invention provides a cable laying ship deck arrangement for laying long-distance sand shores and sea cables, which comprises a cable laying ship, electric cable storage trays, cable laying operation lines and cable burying plows, wherein the electric cable storage trays, the cable laying operation lines and the cable burying plows are distributed on the deck of the cable laying ship, and anchoring systems which comprise anchor machines, anchor cables and ship anchors are distributed at four corners of the deck of the cable laying ship.
The cable laying ship is characterized in that the cable laying ship with small no-load draught is selected, and the requirement that the draught after the cable laying ship loads the cables is smaller than the water depth of the sand bank section in the high tide period is met.
The structural strength of the ship body of the cable laying ship meets the requirements of the beach operating condition.
the crane meets the requirement of hoisting the ladder climbing structure to the outer side of the ship board by the lifting capacity and the arm length.
The lifting capacity and the traction capacity of the excavator meet the requirements of ship anchor displacement and anchor cable arrangement.
According to the surface soil condition of the sand shoal section during shoal exposure, the excavator can be a land crawler excavator or an amphibious crawler excavator.
The ladder stand structure is of a space steel structure, and when the ladder stand structure is used, one end of the ladder stand structure is built on a cable laying ship, and the other end of the ladder stand structure is built on the seabed soil surface; when not in use, the cable laying boat is placed on a deck of the cable laying boat.
As a second aspect, the invention provides a construction method for laying a submarine cable in a long-distance sand shores, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Construction investigation: before construction, accurately measuring data such as water depth, wind direction and wind speed, flow direction and flow speed, tide law and the like of a cable design route passing through a sea area of a sandbank section;
(2) and (3) formulating a scheme: according to environmental conditions, a detailed construction scheme is formulated, and the feasibility and reliability of the selected cable laying ship passing through the sandbars after being cabled are further verified;
(3) equipment type selection: selecting a crane and an excavator with performances meeting the requirements according to the specification parameters of the structures of the ship anchor, the anchor cable and the ladder stand;
(4) Cable laying in front of the sandbar section: before the cable laying ship approaches to a sandbank section, an anchor boat is used for carrying out anchoring operation by utilizing high tide, then the cable laying ship is stranded to move when the depth of the high tide water meets the requirement, and meanwhile, cables are buried while being laid until the cable laying ship is close to the sandbank section;
(5) the sand shores at low tide and breaks down on the shoal: the cable laying ship enters a sand shoal section, and an excavator assists the cable laying ship to be anchored during the low tide and the beach exposure period;
(6) And (3) paving a cable on the ship when the sand bank section is in high tide and water is available: after the tide rises, when the water depth meets the requirement of the sailing boat, the cable laying boat twists the cable to sail, and the submarine cable is laid and buried at the same time in the high tide period;
(7) After the tide falls again, when the water depth does not meet the requirement of the ship, the submarine cable burying operation is stopped;
(8) and (5) repeating the steps (5) to (7) until the laying of the submarine cable of the cable laying ship across the long-distance sand continent section is finished.
in addition to the above technical solutions, the present invention further includes the following additional technical features.
The steps of the auxiliary cable laying ship of the excavator for anchoring are as follows:
(1) after the cable laying ship sits on the beach, positioning personnel get off the ship, respectively reach new anchor positions according to the navigation of the positioning equipment, and insert flag marks;
(2) A ladder stand structure is erected by hoisting a crane on the cable laying ship;
(3) the excavator descends along the ladder climbing structure;
(4) The excavator runs to the original anchor position along one of the anchor cables and lifts the ship anchor after the ship anchor arrives;
(5) the excavator hangs the ship anchor and runs towards the cable laying ship, and meanwhile, the corresponding anchor machine on the cable laying ship recovers the anchor cable;
(6) when the excavator hangs the ship anchor and reaches the position near the cable laying ship, the excavator turns to the direction of the corresponding new anchor position to drive, and the corresponding anchor machine on the cable laying ship releases the anchor cable;
(7) When the excavator hangs the ship anchor and reaches the corresponding new anchor position, the ship anchor is put down; meanwhile, the corresponding anchor machine stops releasing the anchor cable;
(8) according to the method, the anchor lifting and the re-arrangement of the other three ship anchors are completed;
(9) The excavator returns along the cat ladder structure on the deck of the cable laying ship, the cat ladder structure is recovered by hoisting of the crane, and the anchoring of the cable laying ship is finished by the aid of the excavator at the time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: on the basis of improving the deck arrangement of the cable laying ship, a long-distance sand shores section sea cable laying construction method which is matched with the cable laying ship and is characterized by anchoring when the low tide is exposed to the beach and cable laying when the high tide is in water; compared with the existing construction method, the tidal rule of the sandbank section is fully utilized, the stranded cable ship-moving mode is reserved, and the problem that the actual cable laying route is greatly deviated from the designed route is solved.
Drawings
the following detailed description is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a cableway deck arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the ladder stand structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the excavator going off the boat;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an anchor cable of the excavator;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cable laying and anchoring of the excavator;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an excavator going on board;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cable laying ship.
wherein: 1-laying a cable ship; 2-electric cable storage disc; 3-laying a cable operation line; 4-a cable burying plough; 5-an anchor machine; 6-anchor cable; 7-a ship anchor; 8-a crane; 9-an excavator; 10-ladder stand structure; 11-cable design routing; 12-a cable; 13-original anchor position; 14-new anchor site.
Detailed Description
referring to fig. 1, the present invention includes a cable laying vessel 1, electric cable trays 2 distributed on a deck of the cable laying vessel 1, a cable laying operation line 3, a cable burying plow 4, and an anchoring system consisting of an anchor machine 5, an anchor cable 6, and a ship anchor 7 distributed at four corners of the deck, and is characterized in that a crane 8, an excavator 9, and a set of ladder structures 10 for the excavator 9 to go up and down the cable laying vessel 1 are arranged at the tail of the deck of the cable laying vessel 1.
the cable laying ship 1 is selected to have small no-load draught, so that the requirement that the draught after the cable 12 is loaded is smaller than the water depth of a sand shores section in a climax period is met; the structural strength of the ship body of the cable laying ship 1 meets the requirements of the beach working condition.
The crane 8 has a lifting capacity and a boom length that meet the requirement for lifting the ladder structure 10 to the outboard side of the ship board.
the hoisting capacity and the traction capacity of the excavator 9 meet the requirements of the displacement of the ship anchor 7 and the arrangement of the anchor cable 6; according to the surface soil condition when the sand shores are exposed, an amphibious crawler excavator can be selected, and an amphibious crawler excavator can be selected preferably.
The ladder stand structure 10 is a space steel structure; when not in use, the cable laying boat is placed on a deck of the cable laying boat.
as shown in fig. 2, after the ladder climbing structure 10 is erected, one end of the ladder climbing structure 10 is lapped on the side of the cable laying ship 1, and the other end is placed on the mud surface of the mud flat.
As shown in fig. 3-7, the invention provides a construction method for laying a submarine cable in a long-distance sand shores section, which comprises the following steps:
(1) construction investigation: before construction, data such as water depth, wind direction and wind speed, flow direction and flow velocity, tide law and the like of the cable design route 11 passing through the sea area of the sand shores are accurately measured, and a basis is provided for construction scheme formulation.
(2) and (3) formulating a scheme: and (3) formulating a detailed construction scheme according to environmental conditions, and further verifying the feasibility and reliability of the selected cable laying ship 1 passing through the sandbank section after being cabled.
(3) equipment type selection: according to the specification parameters of the ship anchor 7, the anchor cable 6 and the ladder climbing structure 10, the excavator 9 and the crane 8 with the performance meeting the requirements are selected.
(4) Cable laying in front of the sandbar section: before the cable laying ship 1 approaches to a sandbank section, an anchor boat is used for carrying out anchoring operation by utilizing high tide, then the cable laying ship 1 is stranded to move when the water depth of the high tide meets the requirement, and meanwhile, cables are buried while being laid until the cable laying ship is close to the sandbank section.
(5) The sand shores at low tide and breaks down on the shoal: the cable laying ship 1 enters a sandbar section, and the excavator 9 assists the cable laying ship 1 to be anchored during the period of low tide exposure.
(6) And (3) paving a cable on the ship when the sand bank section is in high tide and water is available: after the tide rises, when the water depth meets the requirement of the boat, the cable laying boat 1 is stranded to carry out the boat, and the operation of laying and burying the cable 12 is carried out at the high tide time.
(7) and after the tide falls again, when the water depth does not meet the requirement of the ship, stopping the cable 13 burying operation, and sitting the beach by the cable laying ship 1.
(8) And (5) repeating the steps (5) to (7) until the cable laying vessel 1 finishes laying the cable 12 on the sandbank section.
as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the steps of the excavator 9 for assisting the mooring boat 1 in anchoring are as follows:
(1) after the cable laying ship 1 sits on the beach, positioning personnel get off the ship, respectively reach the four new anchor positions 14 according to the guidance of the positioning equipment, and insert flag marks.
(2) The crane 8 on the cable laying vessel 1 hoists and sets up the ladder structure 10.
(3) The excavator 9 is lowered along the ladder structure 10.
(4) The excavator 9 travels along the anchor line 6 to the original anchor position 13 # 1, and then lifts up the ship anchor 7 # 1.
(5) the excavator 9 is driven in the direction of the cable laying vessel 1 with the # 1 ship anchor 7 suspended thereon, and at the same time, the anchor line 6 is recovered by the corresponding anchor machine 5 on the cable laying vessel 1.
(6) When the excavator 9 hangs the anchor 7 of the No. 1 ship and reaches the vicinity of the cable laying ship 1, the excavator turns to the direction of the corresponding N1# new anchor position 14 to drive, and the corresponding anchor 5 on the cable laying ship 1 releases the anchor cable 6.
(7) when the excavator 9 hangs the No. 1 ship anchor 7 and reaches the corresponding N1# new anchor position 14, the ship anchor 7 is put down; at the same time, the corresponding anchor machine 5 stops laying the anchor line 6.
(8) According to the method, the anchoring of the other three ship anchors 7 is completed, namely the No. 2 ship anchor 7 is moved from the No. 2 original anchor position 13 to the No. N2 new anchor position 14; moving the No. 3 ship anchor 7 from the No. 3 original anchor position 13 to the No. N3 new anchor position 14; and moving the No. 4 ship anchor 7 from the No. 4 original anchor position 13 to the No. N4 new anchor position 14.
(9) the excavator 9 returns to the deck of the cable laying ship 1, the crane 8 hoists the recovery ladder stand structure 10, and the anchoring at one time is finished.
Claims (9)
1. The cable laying ship deck arrangement for laying the submarine cables at the long-distance sand shores comprises a cable laying ship, electric cable storage trays, cable laying operation lines and cable embedding plows which are distributed on the cable laying ship deck, and anchoring systems which comprise anchor machines, anchor cables and ship anchors and are distributed at four corners of the cable laying ship deck.
2. a cabled vessel deck arrangement for long-haul sandbank sea cable laying according to claim 1, wherein: the cable laying ship is a cable laying ship with small no-load draught, and the requirement that the draught after the cable laying ship loads the cables is smaller than the water depth of the sand shores at the high tide section is met.
3. a cabled vessel deck arrangement for long-haul sandbank sea cable laying according to claim 1, wherein: the structural strength of the ship body of the cable laying ship meets the requirements of the beach working condition.
4. A cabled vessel deck arrangement for long-haul sandbank sea cable laying according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting capacity and the arm length of the crane meet the requirement that the ladder climbing structure is hoisted to the outer side of the ship board.
5. A cabled vessel deck arrangement for long-haul sandbank sea cable laying according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting capacity and the traction capacity of the excavator meet the requirements of ship anchor displacement and anchor cable arrangement.
6. a cabled vessel deck arrangement for long-haul sandbank sea cable laying according to claim 1, wherein: the excavator can select a land crawler excavator or an amphibious crawler excavator according to the surface soil condition when the sand continents are exposed on the beach.
7. a cabled vessel deck arrangement for long-haul sandbank sea cable laying according to claim 1, wherein: the ladder stand structure is a space steel structure, and when the ladder stand is used, one end of the ladder stand structure is erected on a cable laying ship, and the other end of the ladder stand structure is erected on the seabed soil surface; when not in use, the cable laying boat is placed on a deck of the cable laying boat.
8. A construction method for laying long-distance sand shores and submarine cables is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Construction investigation: before construction, accurately measuring data such as water depth, wind direction and wind speed, flow direction and flow speed, tide law and the like of a cable design route passing through a sea area of a sandbank section;
(2) And (3) formulating a scheme: according to environmental conditions, a detailed construction scheme is formulated, and the feasibility and reliability of the selected cable laying ship passing through the sandbars after being cabled are further verified;
(3) equipment type selection: selecting a crane and an excavator with performances meeting the requirements according to the specification parameters of the structures of the ship anchor, the anchor cable and the ladder stand;
(4) cable laying in front of the sandbar section: before the cable laying ship approaches to a sandbar section, an anchor boat is used for carrying out anchoring operation by utilizing high tide, then the cable laying ship is moved when the depth of the high tide meets the requirement, and cables are buried while being laid until the cable laying ship is close to the sandbar section;
(5) The sand shores at low tide and breaks down on the shoal: the cable laying ship enters a sand shoal section, and an excavator assists the cable laying ship to be anchored during the low tide and the beach exposure period;
(6) And (3) paving a cable on the ship when the sand bank section is in high tide and water is available: after the tide rises, when the water depth meets the requirement of the sailing boat, the cable laying boat twists the cable to sail, and the submarine cable is laid and buried at the same time in the high tide period;
(7) After the tide falls again, when the water depth does not meet the requirement of the ship, the submarine cable burying operation is stopped;
(8) And (5) repeating the steps (5) to (7) until the laying of the submarine cable of the cable laying ship across the long-distance sand continent section is finished.
9. The construction method for laying the submarine cable in the long-distance sandbank section according to claim 8, wherein the excavator assists in anchoring the cable laying vessel, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) after the cable laying ship sits on the beach, positioning personnel get off the ship, respectively reach four new anchor positions according to the navigation of the positioning equipment, and insert the flag marks;
(2) A ladder stand structure is erected by hoisting a crane on the cable laying ship;
(3) The excavator descends along the ladder climbing structure;
(4) The excavator runs to the original anchor position along one of the anchor cables and lifts the ship anchor after the ship anchor arrives;
(5) The excavator hangs the ship anchor and runs towards the cable laying ship, and meanwhile, the corresponding anchor machine on the cable laying ship recovers the anchor cable;
(6) When the excavator hangs the ship anchor and reaches the position near the cable laying ship, the excavator turns to the direction of the corresponding new anchor position to drive, and the corresponding anchor machine on the cable laying ship releases the anchor cable;
(7) When the excavator hangs the ship anchor and reaches the corresponding new anchor position, the ship anchor is put down, and meanwhile, the corresponding anchor machine stops releasing the anchor cable;
(8) according to the method, the anchor lifting and the re-arrangement of the other three ship anchors are completed;
(9) The excavator returns along the cat ladder structure on the deck of the cable laying ship, the cat ladder structure is recovered by hoisting of the crane, and the anchoring of the cable laying ship is finished by the aid of the excavator at the time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910885949.7A CN110539853A (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Cable laying ship deck arrangement and construction method for laying long-distance sand shores and submarine cables |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910885949.7A CN110539853A (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Cable laying ship deck arrangement and construction method for laying long-distance sand shores and submarine cables |
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| CN110539853A true CN110539853A (en) | 2019-12-06 |
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| CN201910885949.7A Pending CN110539853A (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Cable laying ship deck arrangement and construction method for laying long-distance sand shores and submarine cables |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111441265A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-24 | 中国水利水电第八工程局有限公司 | Method for dismantling concrete bridge on water |
| CN113964736A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-21 | 亨通海洋工程有限公司 | Submarine cable long-distance intertidal zone landing construction process |
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| CN113964736A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-21 | 亨通海洋工程有限公司 | Submarine cable long-distance intertidal zone landing construction process |
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Application publication date: 20191206 |