CN110539489A - circulation feeding equipment with powder recovery function - Google Patents
circulation feeding equipment with powder recovery function Download PDFInfo
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- CN110539489A CN110539489A CN201910867962.XA CN201910867962A CN110539489A CN 110539489 A CN110539489 A CN 110539489A CN 201910867962 A CN201910867962 A CN 201910867962A CN 110539489 A CN110539489 A CN 110539489A
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- powder
- air
- blanking
- cylinder
- paving
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/357—Recycling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Abstract
The invention discloses a circulating feeding device with a powder recovery function, which comprises an air powder separating device, a powder falling device, a printing moving device and a powder spreading device, wherein the air powder separating device is connected with the powder falling device; the pulse back-blowing piece is arranged in the air powder separating device, the air powder separating device is positioned above the powder falling device, the powder falling device and the powder spreading device are sequentially positioned above the printing moving device from top to bottom, and the redundant powder collecting device is arranged below the printing moving device; a storage hopper for storing powder and collecting redundant powder is arranged below the redundant powder collecting device; powder and air in the storage hopper are sucked into the air powder separation device through the first air pipe, and the powder is concentrated at the bottom of a container of the air powder separation device after being separated; the powder falls into a material containing groove of a powder falling device through discharging.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing powder supply, in particular to a circulating feeding device with a powder recovery function.
Background
3DP (3D Print) is currently the rapid prototyping method that is commercialized in 3D printing. The working method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly, uniformly paving a layer of very thin powder on a workbench, bonding a printing spray head according to part layering patterns under the control of a computer, so that the powder is bonded into a section shape, lowering the workbench by one layer thickness after one layer is finished, paving a layer of powder on the upper layer by a powder paving mechanism, and spraying and bonding the powder according to the corresponding pattern of the layer. This process is repeated until the entire three-dimensional model is created. After all the powder is bonded, the redundant powder is removed, and the required parts are obtained after the treatment such as polishing, drying and the like. 3DP can use various powder materials, such as metal powder, gypsum powder, ceramic material, polymer material and their composite powder.
current conventional 3DP process 3d printing typically employs a separate powder feed device and a separate expected recovery device. Especially for big breadth cylinder body, the powder is retrieved and is generally increased extra device in the four sides of cylinder body, and structure is complicated like this, and unnecessary powder still needs extra processing apparatus, and the powder is easy to raise dust, the polluted environment, and some can not in time use, and the powder quality can reduce or even thoroughly abandons. These problems are all urgently needed to be solved.
In order to solve the problems, the invention designs the circulating feeding device which can realize automatic circulating feeding, recover powder and reuse the powder in time, reduce the pollution chance and reduce the waste.
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the technology, the invention provides the circulating feeding equipment which has high automation degree, economy, reliability, high feeding circulation and a powder recovery function.
in order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a circulating feeding device with a powder recovery function, which comprises an air powder separating device, a powder falling device, a printing moving device and a powder spreading device; the pulse back-blowing piece is arranged in the air powder separating device, the air powder separating device is positioned above the powder falling device, the powder falling device and the powder spreading device are sequentially positioned above the printing moving device from top to bottom, and the redundant powder collecting device is arranged below the printing moving device; a storage hopper for storing powder and collecting redundant powder is arranged below the redundant powder collecting device; powder and air in the storage hopper are sucked into the air powder separation device through the first air pipe, and the powder is concentrated at the bottom of a container of the air powder separation device after being separated; the powder falls into a material containing groove of a powder falling device through unloading; the powder in the capacity groove falls into the powder spreading device through the material guide plate; and the powder paving device is used for paving and leveling powder on the powder bed after moving, redundant powder falls into the redundant powder recovery device for recovery, and the printing moving device is used for spraying the adhesive according to the corresponding slices of the powder paving layer to bond and solidify the powder in the preset area.
wherein, the equipment also comprises a pulse back-blowing piece for blowing off powder adhered to the filter element in the air powder separation device; and the pulse back-blowing piece is arranged on the side of the air powder separating device and communicated with the inner side of the air powder separating device.
the air powder separating device comprises a main body upper cylinder and a main body lower cone fixedly connected with the main body upper cylinder and located below the main body upper cylinder, the main body lower cone is provided with a discharge valve, the filter element is arranged in an inner cavity of the main body upper cylinder, the pulse back flushing piece is arranged on an outer wall of the main body upper cylinder, the main body upper cylinder is further provided with an air inlet tangentially arranged along an inner wall of the main body upper cylinder, and the top end of the main body upper cylinder is further provided with a first air outlet.
The air powder separating device is communicated with an air inlet of the fan through a second air pipe, and the fan is also provided with a second air outlet; the fan rotates, the second air pipe generates vacuum negative pressure, vacuum negative pressure is generated in the upper cylinder and the lower cone of the main body, and the discharge valve is closed; so that the first air pipe generates vacuum negative pressure to suck the powder in the storage hopper and air into the powder separation device through the first air pipe; the dust particles are limited by the inner wall of the upper cylinder of the main body and are subjected to comprehensive action of gas, and the dust particles move downwards in a spiral manner, and a part of the dust particles are thrown to the inner wall of the upper cylinder of the main body and are separated from air; the other part enters from the air inlet of the fan, passes through the fan and is finally discharged from the air outlet; powder is gathered at the bottom in the lower cone of the main body, when the powder reaches a fixed quantity, the fan stops working, the discharge valve is opened, and the material falls into the powder falling device; and the pulse back-blowing piece blows towards the inner wall of the filter element, and small part of dust adhered to the filter element is separated under the vibration of air flow, so that the filter element cannot be finally blocked by aggregation.
The equipment also comprises a vertical movement device arranged below the printing movement device, wherein the vertical movement device comprises a cylinder body, a first screw rod arranged in the cylinder body, a first piston positioned above the first screw rod and a first motor in driving connection with the first screw rod; sealing felts for preventing powder from leaking from a gap between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder body are arranged on the periphery of the piston; and the piston moves up and down along the cylinder under the driving of the first motor.
The device comprises a printing motion device, a cylinder body and a surplus powder collecting device, wherein the surplus powder collecting device comprises an enclosing plate positioned between the printing motion device and the cylinder body, the enclosing plate is distributed along the periphery of the cylinder body, the size of the enclosing plate is larger than that of the cylinder body, an inclined plane sealing plate in inclined plane distribution is arranged between the inner wall of the enclosing plate and the cylinder body, and a discharge hole communicated with a storage hopper is formed in the bottom of the enclosing plate; when powder in the cylinder body falls down from the periphery, the powder is collected to the bottom along the inclined sealing plate and enters the storage hopper through the discharge hole in the bottom.
The powder paving device comprises a powder paving groove on the powder bed and a powder paving driving mechanism for driving the powder paving groove to move back and forth in the longitudinal position of the powder bed; a blanking inclined plane allowing powder to fall down uniformly is arranged in the powder paving groove, and a powder paving scraper for ensuring that the powder is paved is arranged at the bottom of the powder paving groove; the powder paving driving mechanism comprises a powder paving motor and powder paving guide rails arranged on two sides of the powder bed, two ends of the powder paving groove are fixedly provided with sliding blocks with bottoms mounted on the powder paving guide rails, the powder paving motor is in driving connection with the sliding blocks through powder paving screw rods, and the sliding blocks drive the powder paving groove to move back and forth on the powder paving guide rails.
the printing movement device also comprises a cross beam arranged at the transverse position of the powder bed, a printing spray head arranged on the cross beam and a printing driving mechanism for driving the printing spray head to transversely move back and forth on the cross beam; the printing driving mechanism is in driving connection with the printing nozzle.
The powder falling device comprises a material storage mechanism, a blanking mechanism and a blanking driving mechanism, wherein the material storage mechanism is fixedly arranged above the blanking mechanism, and the blanking mechanism is in driving connection with the blanking driving mechanism; the blanking mechanism comprises a blanking barrel and a blanking roller which is arranged in the blanking barrel and is in driving connection with the blanking driving mechanism, a plurality of axially distributed fan blades are uniformly fixed on the outer surface of the blanking roller, and a material containing groove which plays a role of material shifting when the blanking roller rotates is formed between the outer surface area of the blanking roller between every two adjacent fan blades and every two adjacent fan blades;
after the blanking roller is arranged in the blanking barrel, a blanking gap is formed between each fan blade and the inner wall of the blanking barrel; the upper side of the charging barrel is provided with a strip-shaped feeding port which is communicated with the material storage mechanism, and the lower side of the charging barrel is provided with a strip-shaped discharging port; when the blanking roller is still, the lowest point A of the discharge hole is higher than the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking barrel, and the maximum blanking gap can be 2 mm;
when the blanking roller is still, the materials in the material storage mechanism fill the material containing groove formed in the blanking roller under the action of gravity and then continuously fall along the blanking gap; after the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking cylinder is filled, self-sealing is formed between the blanking roller and the blanking cylinder, and as the lowest point A of the discharge port is higher than the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking cylinder, materials cannot flow to the lowest point A of the discharge port, and the blanking mechanism cannot leak;
When unloading is needed, the blanking driving mechanism drives the blanking roller to rotate, and after the rotation, the fan blades bring the material at the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking barrel to the lowest point A of the discharge port and unload the material; and the material discharged from the lowest point A of the discharge port is guided to the powder spreading groove along the material guide plate under the action of gravity.
The powder falling device also comprises a material guide pipe matched with the discharge port in shape and size, one end of the material guide pipe is sleeved in the material falling cylinder, and the other end of the material guide pipe extends out of the material falling cylinder and then is bent downwards to form a material guiding part; the material guide plate is positioned below the material guiding part; the rear end of the material guide plate is bent towards the material guide pipe to form a baffle capable of preventing the material from splashing backwards; and the two tail ends of the material guide plate are provided with hanging lugs, the hanging lugs are connected to the material guiding portions through moving parts, and the discharging position of the material can be changed by adjusting the included angle between the material guide plate and the material guiding portions through the hanging lugs.
the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the circulating feeding equipment with the powder recovery function provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1) A storage hopper is arranged below the redundant powder collecting device; the storage hopper integrates the functions of storing materials and collecting materials, so that the structure is simplified, and the cost is reduced;
2) The device is provided with the surplus powder collecting device, and the device is provided with the inclined plane sealing plate, and surplus powder after powder spreading of each layer can be collected to the bottom along the inclined plane sealing plate and finally falls into the storage hopper from the discharge port, so that the problems of complex structure and high cost of the traditional separated surplus material recovery device are solved; when the piston moves vertically upwards, powder in the cylinder body overflows and can be continuously collected to the storage hopper along the inner wall of the redundant powder collecting device, so that the problem of cleaning and collecting a large amount of powder is solved;
3) the structure is provided with the air powder separating device, so that gas and powder are separated when negative pressure material suction and positive pressure material blowing are carried out through the separating device, and the situation that the powder can not be accumulated definitely and flies all the way due to a large amount of air and powder is avoided; in addition, due to the design of the pulse back-blowing piece, the pulse back-blowing piece blows air towards the inner wall of the filter element, and small part of dust adhered to the filter element is separated under the vibration of air flow, so that the filter cannot be finally blocked due to aggregation;
4) the traditional feeding device is not designed for circular feeding, and the amount of powder laying of single powder falling needs to be accurately controlled, so that excessive excess materials and overflow of a recovery device are avoided.
5) The invention has high automation degree, and the closed-loop control of the powder movement process ensures the printing stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural view of a circulation feeding apparatus having a powder recovering function of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the construction of an air powder separating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the construction of an air powder separating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural view of the powder dropping device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 6.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly describe the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the circulation feeding apparatus with powder recycling function provided by the present invention includes an air powder separating device 1, a powder falling device 2, a printing moving device 3 and a powder spreading device 4; the air powder separating device is positioned above the powder falling device, the powder falling device and the powder spreading device are sequentially positioned above the printing moving device from top to bottom, and the redundant powder collecting device 5 is arranged below the printing moving device; a storage hopper 6 for storing powder and collecting redundant powder is arranged below the redundant powder collecting device; a manual discharge valve 61 is arranged below the storage hopper; powder and air in the storage hopper are sucked into the air powder separation device through the first air pipe 7, and the powder is concentrated at the bottom of a container of the air powder separation device after being separated; the powder falls into a material containing groove of a powder falling device through unloading; the powder in the capacity groove falls into the powder spreading device 4 through the material guide plate; and the powder paving device is used for paving and leveling powder on the powder bed after moving, redundant powder falls into the redundant powder recovery device for recovery, and the printing moving device is used for spraying the adhesive according to the corresponding slices of the powder paving layer to bond and solidify the powder in the preset area.
in this embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a pulse blowback member 8 for blowing off powder adhered to the filter element in the air-powder separating device; and the pulse back-blowing piece is arranged on the side of the air powder separating device and communicated with the inner side of the air powder separating device.
referring to fig. 2-3, the air powder separating device 1 includes a main body upper cylinder 11 and a main body lower cone 12 fixedly connected with and located below the main body upper cylinder, the main body lower cone is provided with a discharge valve 13, the filter element 14 is disposed in an inner cavity of the main body upper cylinder, the pulse back-blowing element is disposed on an outer wall of the main body upper cylinder, the main body upper cylinder is further provided with an air inlet 15 tangentially disposed along an inner wall thereof, and a first air outlet 16 is further disposed at a top end of the main body upper cylinder.
In this embodiment, the apparatus further includes a fan 9, the air-powder separating device is communicated with an air inlet 92 of the fan through a second air duct 10, and the fan is further provided with a second air outlet 91; the fan rotates, the second air pipe generates vacuum negative pressure, vacuum negative pressure is generated in the upper cylinder and the lower cone of the main body, and the discharge valve is closed; so that the first air pipe generates vacuum negative pressure to suck the powder in the storage hopper and air into the powder separation device through the first air pipe; the dust particles are limited by the inner wall of the upper cylinder of the main body and are subjected to comprehensive action of gas, and the dust particles move downwards in a spiral manner, and a part of the dust particles are thrown to the inner wall of the upper cylinder of the main body and are separated from air; the other part enters from the air inlet of the fan, passes through the fan and is finally discharged from the air outlet; powder is gathered at the bottom in the lower cone of the main body, when the powder reaches a fixed quantity, the fan stops working, the discharge valve is opened, and the material falls into the powder falling device; and the pulse back-blowing piece blows towards the inner wall of the filter element, and small part of dust adhered to the filter element is separated under the vibration of air flow, so that the filter element cannot be finally blocked by aggregation.
in this embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a vertical movement device 0 disposed below the printing movement device, wherein the vertical movement device comprises a cylinder 01, a first lead screw 02 disposed in the cylinder, a first piston 03 disposed above the first lead screw, and a first motor drivingly connected to the first lead screw; sealing felts (not shown) for preventing powder from leaking from a gap between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder body are arranged around the piston; and the piston moves up and down along the cylinder under the driving of the first motor.
In this embodiment, the surplus powder collecting device 5 includes an enclosing plate 51 located between the printing motion device and the cylinder 01, the enclosing plate is distributed along the periphery of the cylinder, the size of the enclosing plate is larger than that of the cylinder, an inclined sealing plate 52 in inclined distribution is arranged between the inner wall of the enclosing plate and the cylinder, and a discharge hole communicated with the storage hopper is arranged at the bottom of the enclosing plate; when powder in the cylinder body falls down from the periphery, the powder is collected to the bottom along the inclined sealing plate and enters the storage hopper through the discharge hole in the bottom.
In the present embodiment, the powder spreading device 4 includes a powder spreading groove 41 on the powder bed, and a powder spreading driving mechanism for driving the powder spreading groove to move back and forth at the longitudinal position of the powder bed; a blanking inclined plane 42 for enabling powder to fall down uniformly is arranged in the powder paving groove, and a powder paving scraper 43 for ensuring that the powder is paved is arranged at the bottom of the powder paving groove; spread powder actuating mechanism including spreading the powder motor, set up the powder guide rail 44 of spreading in the powder bed both sides, spread two ends in powder groove and be fixed with the bottom and install slider 45 on spreading the powder guide rail, spread the powder motor and be connected with the slider drive through spreading the powder lead screw, the slider drives and spreads the powder groove and carry out the seesaw on spreading the powder guide rail. The present invention is not limited to the specific structure of the powder application driving mechanism, which is a conventional structure on the market, and thus the structure thereof is not analyzed in detail.
In this embodiment, the printing movement device 3 further includes a cross beam 31 disposed at a lateral position of the powder bed, a printing head 32 mounted on the cross beam, and a printing driving mechanism for driving the printing head to move laterally back and forth on the cross beam; the printing driving mechanism is in driving connection with the printing nozzle. The printing driving mechanism is the same as the powder spreading driving mechanism, mainly comprises a motor, a guide rail, a screw rod and the like, and therefore, detailed analysis is not performed. The present invention is not limited to a specific structure of a print driving mechanism, which is a conventional structure on the market, and thus the structure thereof is not analyzed in detail.
Referring to fig. 4-6, the powder dropping device 2 includes a material storage mechanism 21, a material dropping mechanism 22 and a material dropping driving mechanism 23, the material storage mechanism is fixedly installed above the material dropping mechanism, and the material dropping mechanism is in driving connection with the material dropping driving mechanism; the blanking mechanism 22 comprises a blanking barrel 221 and a blanking roller 222 which is arranged in the blanking barrel and is in driving connection with the blanking driving mechanism, a plurality of axially distributed fan blades 223 are uniformly fixed on the outer surface of the blanking roller, and the blanking roller is positioned between the outer surface area between two adjacent fan blades and each two adjacent fan blades to form a material containing groove 224 which plays a role of material stirring when the blanking roller rotates;
after the blanking roller is arranged in the blanking barrel, a blanking gap L is formed between each fan blade and the inner wall of the blanking barrel; a strip-shaped feeding port 2211 communicated with the material storage mechanism is formed in the upper side of the blanking barrel, and a strip-shaped discharging port 2212 is formed in the lower side of the blanking barrel; when the blanking roller is still, the lowest point A of the discharge hole is higher than the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking barrel, and the maximum blanking gap L can be 2 mm;
When the blanking roller is still, the materials in the material storage mechanism fill the material containing groove formed in the blanking roller under the action of gravity and then continuously fall along the blanking gap; after the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking cylinder is filled, self-sealing is formed between the blanking roller and the blanking cylinder, and as the lowest point A of the discharge port is higher than the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking cylinder, materials cannot flow to the lowest point A of the discharge port, and the blanking mechanism cannot leak;
When unloading is needed, the driving mechanism drives the blanking roller to rotate, and after the rotation, the fan blades bring the material at the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking barrel to the lowest point A of the discharge port and unload the material; the material coming out from the lowest point a of the discharging hole is guided to the position where the material is needed along the material guiding plate 226 under the action of gravity.
in this embodiment, the powder dropping device further includes a material guiding pipe 225 adapted to the shape and size of the discharge port, one end of the material guiding pipe is sleeved in the material dropping cylinder, and the other end of the material guiding pipe extends out of the material dropping cylinder and then is bent downward to form a material guiding part 2251; the material guide plate is positioned below the material guiding part. The rear end of the guide plate is bent towards the guide pipe to form a baffle 2252 which can prevent the material from splashing backwards; and the both ends of stock guide all are provided with the hangers 2241 that can prevent the material and splash, and the hangers can also play the effect of strengthening the stock guide plate structure, the hangers is through connecting in drawing material portion, and the discharge position of powder is changed to accessible hangers adjustment stock guide and the contained angle that draws between the material portion. The material guide pipe in the structure is used as a fixed discharging part, and can be directly welded on the charging barrel or fixed in other modes; the material guide plate is used as a movable discharging part, and the included angle between the material guide plate and the material guide pipe is changed by moving the hanging lugs, so that the discharging position is changed; the baffle plate not only enhances the strength of the material guide plate, but also can prevent materials from splashing.
the storage mechanism 21 of the present invention is mainly a storage hopper. The blanking driving mechanism 23 may include a small belt pulley, a motor 231 mounted on the small belt pulley through a blanking motor mounting plate, and a large belt pulley 232, and the small belt pulley is drivingly connected to the large belt pulley through a synchronous belt 233 to drive the blanking roller to rotate. The specific structure of the driving mechanism in the present application is not limited to this, and can be changed according to actual needs.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows:
1. The manual discharge valve 61 is closed, a certain amount of powder is pre-filled in the storage hopper,
2. the fan rotates, the second air pipe generates vacuum negative pressure, so that the container of the air-powder separation device generates vacuum negative pressure, and a discharge valve at the bottom of the container is closed;
3. The first air pipe generates vacuum negative pressure, so that the powder in the storage hopper and air are sucked into the powder separation device through the first air pipe;
4. At the moment, air can pass through the filter element and continue to move along the second air pipe, while powder can not pass through the filter element and is concentrated to the bottom along the inner wall of the powder separation device container due to the combined action of gravity and air flow;
5. When powder at the bottom is concentrated to a certain amount, the fan stops rotating, vacuum in the container of the powder separation device disappears, the discharge valve at the bottom of the container is opened under the action of gravity, and the powder in the container enters the hopper of the powder falling device through the discharge valve under the action of gravity.
6. At the moment, certain powder is adhered to the filter element of the powder separation device, and certain compressed air is blown to the filter screen under the action of the pulse back blowing device, so that the adhered powder is blown off.
7. The vertical movement device is driven by a motor to drive a piston to move to the lowest end of the material containing groove from bottom to top along the cylinder body;
8. Then the vertical movement device is driven by a motor to drive the piston to descend by a layer thickness distance along the cylinder body from top to bottom;
9. Repeating the steps 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, slowly increasing the powder in a hopper of the powder dropping device, and entering a powder dropping and feeding preparation state after a certain amount of powder is collected.
10. At the moment, the powder paving groove is positioned below the right powder falling device and enters a material receiving preparation state; the printing device is positioned on the left side of the figure and enters a printing preparation state.
11. The motor of the powder dropping device rotates, and a certain amount of powder falls into the powder paving groove under the action of the powder dropping roller according to the requirement of 3d printing (generally, powder with one layer thickness);
12. Stopping a motor on the powder dropping device, stopping the rotation of the powder dropping roller and stopping the powder dropping;
13. the powder spreading device is driven by a motor to move from right to left along a guide rail, and a layer of powder is spread on the powder bed;
14. The powder paving device continues to move beyond the left edge of the cylinder body under the driving of the motor, and redundant powder in the powder paving groove falls into the redundant powder recovery device;
15. the powder is continuously gathered to the bottom discharge hole along the inner wall of the redundant powder recovery device under the action of gravity;
16. the powder continues to fall into the storage hopper from the discharge port under the action of gravity, completing a feeding cycle.
17. The motor of the powder spreading device rotates reversely, moves to the lower part of the powder falling device on the right side of the figure along the guide rail, and enters a next powder receiving state.
18. Meanwhile, a motor of the printing movement device is started, and the adhesive is sprayed along the guide rail from left to right according to the slices of the corresponding layers, so that the powder in the preset area is bonded and solidified;
19. After the layer printing is finished, the motor of the printing movement device rotates reversely and moves to the left side of the figure along the guide rail to enter the next printing state;
20. Repeating the steps 9 to 19, and overlapping the bonded powder layer by layer, thereby completing the printing manufacture of the specific product.
Compared with the prior art, the circulating feeding equipment with the powder recovery function provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1) A storage hopper is arranged below the redundant powder collecting device; the storage hopper integrates the functions of storing materials and collecting materials, so that the structure is simplified, and the cost is reduced;
2) the device is provided with the surplus powder collecting device, and the device is provided with the inclined plane sealing plate, and surplus powder after powder spreading of each layer can be collected to the bottom along the inclined plane sealing plate and finally falls into the storage hopper from the discharge port, so that the problems of complex structure and high cost of the traditional separated surplus material recovery device are solved; when the piston moves vertically upwards, powder in the cylinder body overflows and can be continuously collected to the storage hopper along the inner wall of the redundant powder collecting device, so that the problem of cleaning and collecting a large amount of powder is solved;
3) The structure is provided with the air powder separating device, so that gas and powder are separated when negative pressure material suction and positive pressure material blowing are carried out through the separating device, and the situation that the powder can not be accumulated definitely and flies all the way due to a large amount of air and powder is avoided; in addition, due to the design of the pulse back-blowing piece, the pulse back-blowing piece blows air towards the inner wall of the filter element, and small part of dust adhered to the filter element is separated under the vibration of air flow, so that the filter cannot be finally blocked due to aggregation;
4) the traditional feeding device is not designed for circular feeding, and the amount of powder laying and powder laying in one time needs to be accurately controlled, so that excessive excess materials and overflow of a recovery device are avoided;
5) a plurality of axially distributed fan blades are uniformly fixed on the outer surface of the blanking roller, and a material containing groove which plays a role in stirring materials when the blanking roller rotates is formed between the outer surface area of the blanking roller between two adjacent fan blades and each two adjacent fan blades; the fan blades are detachably designed on the blanking roller and are made of flexible materials, so that the material holding effect is better, and the quantity and the bending angle can be increased or decreased according to the material performance of the material;
6) When the blanking roller is still, the lowest point A of the discharge port is higher than the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking barrel, the structure is designed to ensure that the lowest point A of the discharge port is higher than the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking barrel, and at the lowest point B, materials and fan blades of the blanking roller form sealing; the blanking roller and the blanking barrel are circular, and are easy to be matched and sealed with the hopper cover, so that the material leakage is prevented; the discharge hole of the blanking barrel is higher than the lowest part of the blanking barrel, so that the leakage of materials is prevented, and the phenomenon of no leakage of the materials is further achieved;
7) the blanking clearance can be 2mm at most, the common fit clearance on the market at present is zero or zero millimeter, in order to have small fit clearance in the industry, a lot of work needs to be done, the cost, such as numerical control cutting processing, surface roughness control, size precision control, form and position tolerance deformation control, the assembly skill, the assembly precision, the assembly time, the assembly clamp jig and the like, and the more precise the maintenance cost is, the more easy the failure is; the most important reason is that the powder is very fine, and very small gaps can enter the powder, so that the powder is blocked or leaked, and therefore great inconvenience is brought due to the small gaps; the designed gap can be enlarged to 2mm, so that cutting machining is basically not needed, the matching is simple and reliable, and maintenance is not needed; and the clearance is big, and wearing and tearing are just little, and the design of leaking the powder has been avoided completely to 2 mm's clearance design most importantly.
8) the invention has high automation degree, and the closed-loop control of the powder movement process ensures the printing stability.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A circulating feeding device with a powder recovery function is characterized by comprising an air powder separating device, a powder falling device, a printing moving device and a powder spreading device; the pulse back-blowing piece is arranged in the air powder separating device, the air powder separating device is positioned above the powder falling device, the powder falling device and the powder spreading device are sequentially positioned above the printing moving device from top to bottom, and the redundant powder collecting device is arranged below the printing moving device; a storage hopper for storing powder and collecting redundant powder is arranged below the redundant powder collecting device; powder and air in the storage hopper are sucked into the air powder separation device through the first air pipe, and the powder is concentrated at the bottom of a container of the air powder separation device after being separated; the powder falls into a material containing groove of a powder falling device through unloading; the powder in the capacity groove falls into the powder spreading device through the material guide plate; and the powder paving device is used for paving and leveling powder on the powder bed after moving, redundant powder falls into the redundant powder recovery device for recovery, and the printing moving device is used for spraying the adhesive according to the corresponding slices of the powder paving layer to bond and solidify the powder in the preset area.
2. The circulation feeding equipment with powder recovery function of claim 1, characterized in that the equipment further comprises a pulse back-blowing member for blowing off powder adhered to the filter element in the air powder separating device; and the pulse back-blowing piece is arranged on the side of the air powder separating device and communicated with the inner side of the air powder separating device.
3. The recycling feeding equipment with powder recycling function of claim 2, wherein said air powder separating device comprises a main body upper cylinder and a main body lower cone fixedly connected with and located below the main body upper cylinder, said main body lower cone is provided with a discharge valve, and said filter element is disposed in the inner cavity of the main body upper cylinder, said pulse back-blowing member is disposed on the outer wall of the main body upper cylinder, said main body upper cylinder is further provided with an air inlet tangentially disposed along the inner wall thereof, and the top end of the main body upper cylinder is further provided with a first air outlet.
4. The circulation feeding equipment with the powder recovery function is characterized by further comprising a fan, wherein the air powder separation device is communicated with an air inlet of the fan through a second air pipe, and the fan is further provided with a second air outlet; the fan rotates, the second air pipe generates vacuum negative pressure, vacuum negative pressure is generated in the upper cylinder and the lower cone of the main body, and the discharge valve is closed; so that the first air pipe generates vacuum negative pressure to suck the powder in the storage hopper and air into the powder separation device through the first air pipe; the dust particles are limited by the inner wall of the upper cylinder of the main body and are subjected to comprehensive action of gas, and the dust particles move downwards in a spiral manner, and a part of the dust particles are thrown to the inner wall of the upper cylinder of the main body and are separated from air; the other part enters from the air inlet of the fan, passes through the fan and is finally discharged from the air outlet; powder is gathered at the bottom in the lower cone of the main body, when the powder reaches a fixed quantity, the fan stops working, the discharge valve is opened, and the material falls into the powder falling device; and the pulse back-blowing piece blows towards the inner wall of the filter element, and small part of dust adhered to the filter element is separated under the vibration of air flow, so that the filter element cannot be finally blocked by aggregation.
5. The circulation feeding device with the powder recovery function is characterized by further comprising a vertical movement device arranged below the printing movement device, wherein the vertical movement device comprises a cylinder body, a first screw rod arranged in the cylinder body, a first piston arranged above the first screw rod and a first motor in driving connection with the first screw rod; sealing felts for preventing powder from leaking from a gap between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder body are arranged on the periphery of the piston; and the piston moves up and down along the cylinder under the driving of the first motor.
6. the circulation feeding equipment with the powder recovery function as claimed in claim 5, wherein the surplus powder collecting device comprises enclosing plates located between the printing moving device and the cylinder body, the enclosing plates are distributed along the periphery of the cylinder body, the size of the enclosing plates is larger than that of the cylinder body, inclined plane sealing plates distributed in an inclined plane are arranged between the inner walls of the enclosing plates and the cylinder body, and the bottom of the enclosing plates is provided with a discharge hole communicated with the storage hopper; when powder in the cylinder body falls down from the periphery, the powder is collected to the bottom along the inclined sealing plate and enters the storage hopper through the discharge hole in the bottom.
7. The circulation feeding equipment with powder recovery function of claim 1, wherein the powder spreading device comprises a powder spreading groove on the powder bed, and a powder spreading driving mechanism for driving the powder spreading groove to move back and forth in the longitudinal position of the powder bed; a blanking inclined plane allowing powder to fall down uniformly is arranged in the powder paving groove, and a powder paving scraper for ensuring that the powder is paved is arranged at the bottom of the powder paving groove; the powder paving driving mechanism comprises a powder paving motor and powder paving guide rails arranged on two sides of the powder bed, two ends of the powder paving groove are fixedly provided with sliding blocks with bottoms mounted on the powder paving guide rails, the powder paving motor is in driving connection with the sliding blocks through powder paving screw rods, and the sliding blocks drive the powder paving groove to move back and forth on the powder paving guide rails.
8. The circulation feeding equipment with powder recovery function of claim 1, wherein the printing motion device further comprises a beam arranged at the transverse position of the powder bed, a printing nozzle installed on the beam, and a printing driving mechanism for driving the printing nozzle to transversely move back and forth on the beam; the printing driving mechanism is in driving connection with the printing nozzle.
9. The circulation feeding equipment with the powder recovery function of claim 7, wherein the powder falling device comprises a material storage mechanism, a material falling mechanism and a material falling driving mechanism, the material storage mechanism is fixedly arranged above the material falling mechanism, and the material falling mechanism is in driving connection with the material falling driving mechanism; the blanking mechanism comprises a blanking barrel and a blanking roller which is arranged in the blanking barrel and is in driving connection with the blanking driving mechanism, a plurality of axially distributed fan blades are uniformly fixed on the outer surface of the blanking roller, and the blanking roller is positioned between the outer surface area between two adjacent fan blades and each two adjacent fan blades to form a material containing groove which plays a role in material stirring when the blanking roller rotates;
after the blanking roller is arranged in the blanking barrel, a blanking gap is formed between each fan blade and the inner wall of the blanking barrel; the upper side of the charging barrel is provided with a strip-shaped feeding port which is communicated with the material storage mechanism, and the lower side of the charging barrel is provided with a strip-shaped discharging port; when the blanking roller is still, the lowest point A of the discharge hole is higher than the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking barrel, and the maximum blanking gap can be 2 mm;
when the blanking roller is still, the materials in the material storage mechanism fill the material containing groove formed in the blanking roller under the action of gravity and then continuously fall along the blanking gap; after the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking cylinder is filled, self-sealing is formed between the blanking roller and the blanking cylinder, and as the lowest point A of the discharge port is higher than the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking cylinder, materials cannot flow to the lowest point A of the discharge port, and the blanking mechanism cannot leak;
when unloading is needed, the blanking driving mechanism drives the blanking roller to rotate, and after the rotation, the fan blades bring the material at the lowest point B of the inner wall of the blanking barrel to the lowest point A of the discharge port and unload the material; and the material discharged from the lowest point A of the discharge port is guided to the powder spreading groove along the material guide plate under the action of gravity.
10. The circulation feeding device with the powder recovery function of claim 9, wherein the powder falling device further comprises a material guide pipe with a shape and a size matched with the discharge port, one end of the material guide pipe is sleeved in the material falling cylinder, and the other end of the material guide pipe extends out of the material falling cylinder and is bent downwards to form a material guiding part; the material guide plate is positioned below the material guiding part; the rear end of the material guide plate is bent towards the material guide pipe to form a baffle capable of preventing the material from splashing backwards; and the two tail ends of the material guide plate are provided with hanging lugs, the hanging lugs are connected to the material guiding portions through moving parts, and the discharging position of the material can be changed by adjusting the included angle between the material guide plate and the material guiding portions through the hanging lugs.
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| CN111069601A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-28 | 安徽卓锐三维科技有限公司 | 3D prints two-cylinder powder supply two-way shop powder device |
| CN111230110A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2020-06-05 | 华东理工大学 | Powder management system for SLM equipment |
| CN111805907A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-23 | 广东汉邦激光科技有限公司 | Movable feeding system and feeding method |
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| CN112223748A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-15 | 浙江精功机器人智能装备有限公司 | Spread even 3D printer of powder |
| CN112590205A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-02 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Automatic powder mixing device for gradient material structure laser melting deposition forming |
| CN113102776A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-13 | 西北工业大学 | Residual powder circulating device and method for additive manufacturing of bottom powder feeding metal |
| CN113787709A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-12-14 | 西安交通大学 | Large-scale long and thin part printing equipment capable of quantitatively selecting area and bidirectionally spreading powder |
| CN114260470A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-01 | 南京铖联激光科技有限公司 | Powder feeding structure of powder cylinder of SLM printing equipment |
| CN114378310A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-22 | 浙江闪铸三维科技有限公司 | Powder 3D printer |
| CN114474739A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-05-13 | 四川工程职业技术学院 | Waste recovery device for 3D printing |
| CN117507350A (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-02-06 | 广东扬格新材料科技有限公司 | 3D printing equipment is used in plastics tableware production |
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Application publication date: 20191206 |