CN1105310A - Method for manufacturing natural composite-fibrous board using plant cellulose material - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing natural composite-fibrous board using plant cellulose material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1105310A CN1105310A CN 94111463 CN94111463A CN1105310A CN 1105310 A CN1105310 A CN 1105310A CN 94111463 CN94111463 CN 94111463 CN 94111463 A CN94111463 A CN 94111463A CN 1105310 A CN1105310 A CN 1105310A
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Abstract
The method for making natural composite fibre board from plant fibre includes such technological steps as loosening raw material, continuous treatment by high-pressure steam in container, drying, pre-pressing, and hot pressing for solidification and forming, and features uniform material quality, high strength and stability of fibrous board, and low cost.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method of making fiberboard, particularly use plant cellulose raw material such as bagasse, corn stalk, cotton stalk etc. to make the method for natural composite fiber plate.
At present, method with plant cellulose raw material fibreboard made mainly contains three kinds, first kind is the Hydrolyze method material handling, be pressed into fiberboard then, Chinese patent as application number 87104741 discloses a kind of technology of handling corn stalk, sorghum straw fibreboard made with method for hydrolysis, in the hydrolysis process of heating, add sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid and strong electrolyte salt, addition is bigger, for per hundred kilograms of raw materials add the 1-10 kilogram, and, also need consume before the pressing plate than macro-energy material is carried out the drying processing because material soaked in water hydrolysis 1-3 hour.Second kind is the method that adds chemical addition agent (adhesive), Chinese patent disclosed method as application number 87103594 is, corn stalk powder is broken to below the 25mm, add additives such as Lauxite, ammonium chloride, be pressed into fiberboard then, additive accounts for material total amount 18-22%, increases cost more than 50%, gained fiberboard poor water resistance, the harmful and contaminated environment of the free formaldehyde that contains in the resin.The third is that the plant cellulose raw material is steamed the hot-forming fiberboard of making after the quick-fried preliminary treatment.So-called to steam quick-fried processing promptly be a kind of processing method of plant cellulose class raw material being reduced to immediately normal pressure under HTHP with water vapour etc. after the processing of certain hour, sees 79 years Canadian Patents No. 1096374.Steaming quick-fried preliminary treatment is the effective ways that improve the fibrous raw material hydrolyzable, through steaming quick-fried preliminary treatment, cellulose in the plant cellulose raw material, hemicellulose, lignin are separated, activation, part hemicellulose is decomposed into free carbohydrate etc., and row plays the effect of natural adhesive and filler when being heating and curing again.For example application number is 85105958 the disclosed method of Chinese patent: earlier dispergated lignocellulosic is given the water vapour heat treated, the lignocellulosic materials after will handling is then made embryophoric membrane, becomes the synthetic of panel through hot-press solidifying.But what said method adopted when steaming quick-fried the processing only is the method for batch process, promptly earlier raw material is contained into container, then steam is imported in the container, handles back water vapour explosive decompression in container, extracts the lignocellulosic of handling then.Batch (-type) steams quick-fried processing not only treating capacity is little, intermittently operated is time-consuming etc., handles the back container each time and can not be rapidly heated but also exist, and reactor temperature is inhomogeneous, and it is inhomogeneous to cause material to be heated, shortcomings such as products obtained therefrom unstable properties.
The objective of the invention is, overcome the shortcoming that batch (-type) steams quick-fried processing method, provide a kind of and make improving one's methods of fiberboard, in the hope of obtaining intensity height, steady quality, the natural composite fiber plate that cost is low with plant cellulose class raw material.
The present invention still adopts and steams the quick-fried hot-forming basic mode in back of handling, its main points are to change intermittently to steam the quick-fried continuous steam explosion processing that is treated to, promptly in reaction vessel, keep-up pressure under certain state, the saturated vapor and the discharging of continuously, charging side by side, feeding certain pressure, steam just reduces to normal pressure rapidly after with the material amount discharge container, rather than reduces pressure in container.The benefit that continuous steam explosion is handled is: the output height of (1) reactor unit volume, treating capacity is big, reduced processing cost, (2) time of stopping in device of material is easy to regulate, (3) make full use of the steam that supplies, save the energy, (4) material fully contacts with steam, is heated evenly, the quality homogeneous of the material of handling, stable, product good evenness during fibreboard made can be suppressed the sheet material of large format, timber intensity height, steady quality, (5) charging simultaneously, discharging do not have intermittently operation and stand-by period, thereby the production efficiency height.The inventive method will be through the hot-forming principle of the material that continuous steam explosion was handled, continuous steam explosion is handled the back cellulose and is separated into thin fibril, lignin separates with cellulose with hemicellulose and activates, the lignin of inertia splits into the lignin fragment of band active group under the effect of high-temperature water vapor, the hemicellulose partial hydrolysis is oligosaccharides or monose.The primary hydroxyl group oxidation of carbohydrate during hot pressing produces carboxyl, because the effect of dehydration forms high ehter bond and the ester bond of adhesion.Cellulose is owing to be separated into thin fibril, and the hydroxyl on the cellulose chain is in free state, and cellulose can be full cross-linked and the skeleton that contacts and constitute fiberboard during hot pressing.Mode in the contact of fibril and fibril with hydrogen bond combines, and the lignin of activation is in flow slit between fiberfill fibers of polymerization and plasticity under the temperature and pressure effect, and the hydrophobic performance that solidifies the back lignin has improved the resistance to water of fiberboard.The carbohydrate that hemicellulose decomposes decomposes under hot pressing condition and aggregates into the furfural furane resins, with the lignin adhesive cellulose is played gluing, filling effect.The short fiber that steams quick-fried formation simultaneously improves the effective contact area between the fiber in the slab, has played filling effect, and long fibre has the connection effect between fiber and the fiber.Three of material big components are moulded again and are closed the composite fiber plate that forms high strength dense after hot pressing.
The enforceable concrete grammar of the present invention is as follows:
(1), with plant cellulose class raw material drying to moisture below 15%,
(2), be crushed to below the fibre length 20mm,
(3), continuously enter reaction vessel, carry out continuous steam explosion and handle, band is pressed saturated vapor pressure scope 1.0-2.5MPa, 1.4-2.0MPa preferably, and the processing time is no more than 10 minutes generally at 1-6 minute, discharging continuously under the situation of reactor pressurize.
(4), the material that draws off carried out drying handle, be pressed into slab in advance,
(5), hot-forming, condition: temperature 160-200 ℃, pressure 2.4-3.2MPa obtains natural composite fiber plate.
The fiberboard that the inventive method is made, interior tissue is even, and mechanical property is good, and surfacing is smooth, is convenient to decorate processing, can adopt thin surface lining, also can directly cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc.Can make high-quality furniture, construction and decoration plate face is as door, floor, wallboard etc.
In order further to improve the inventive method, improve the quality of institute's fibreboard made, reduce equipment investment and processing cost simultaneously, further feature is: (1) by the raw material that contains free sugar and the raw material that do not contain free sugar by weight 2: 8-4: 6 ratio is mixed and is carried out the continuous steam explosion processing, can make two or more plant cellulose raw material different material characteristic after mixing the continuous steam explosion processing obtain complementation and improvement like this, when hot pressing, increase gummed power and fillibility.Contain the raw material of free sugar such as bagasse, corn stalk, sorghum straw etc., do not contain the raw material such as the straw of free sugar, rice husk, cotton stalk etc.(2), add monose and/or the disaccharide that accounts for gross weight 3-18% before continuous steam explosion is handled or in the raw material after handling, the residue molasses produced of hydrolyzed starch sugar, sugar industry etc. for example, as natural plasticising adhesive, it is good to the material adhesive action of handling through continuous steam explosion, lower than chemical adhesive cost, do not pollute again.(3), the plant cellulose raw material with the intimate drying of water content below 15% carries out the continuous steam explosion processing, promptly elder generation dries raw material or dries, press under the saturated vapor effect at the band that feeds continuously, steam molecule infiltrates dry fibre material inside and condenses, make full use of band and press steam, not only save quantity of steam, and handle through continuous steam explosion, treatment effect is good.
Below by 4 embodiment the inventive method and effect are described in detail.
Example 1, bagasse after the press for extracting juice sugar, be dried to moisture below 15%, be crushed to below the fibre length 20mm, (effect of sulfuric acid is for promoting the hydrolysis of material under high-temperature vapour to add the sulfuric acid that accounts for fiber total amount 0.1%-2%, adhesive action when strengthening hot pressing), saturated vapor continuous steam explosion with pressure 1.6MPa in the continuous steam explosion container was handled 1-3 minute, be pressed into slab after the discharging drying in advance, hot pressing is 8 minutes under temperature 160-200 ℃, the condition of pressure 2.5-3.2MPa, obtains proportion and be 450 * 500 * 9mm of 0.88
3Fiberboard, the MOR of finished product is 30.1MPa after tested, plane tensile strength 0.58MPa, expansion rate of water absorption is less than 5%.
Example 2, corn stalk, be dried to moisturely below 15%, be crushed to below the 20mm, add the sulfuric acid that accounts for fiber total amount 0.1-2%, saturated vapor continuous steam explosion through pressure 1.7MPa was handled 1-5 minute, add the molasses that account for fiber total amount 7% after the discharging, be dried to water content below 15% after mixing thoroughly, be pressed into slab in advance, hot pressing is 10 minutes under with the condition of example 1, obtains proportion 0.86, is of a size of 450 * 500 * 9mm
3Fiberboard, the MOR 28.1MPa of plate after tested, plane tensile strength 0.56MPa, expansion rate of water absorption is less than 9%.
Example 3, moisture corn stalk and cotton stalk below 15%, through being crushed to below the 20mm mix with 3: 7 ratio of weight ratio, saturated vapor continuous steam explosion with pressure 1.7MPa was handled 1-6 minute, dry back is at temperature 160-200 ℃, hot pressing is 9 minutes under the condition of pressure 2.4-3.2MPa, obtains proportion 0.86, is of a size of 450 * 500 * 9mm
3Fiberboard, after tested, the MOR 31.6MPa of plate, plane tensile strength is greater than 0.6MPa, expansion rate of water absorption is less than 10%.
Example 4 is crushed to the following cotton stalk of 20mm, adds the hydrolyzed starch liquid glucose that accounts for fiber total amount 8%, saturated vapor continuous steam explosion through 1.8MPa was handled 1-6 minute, and dry back is at temperature 160-190 ℃, and hot pressing is 10 minutes under the pressure 2.6-3.0MPa condition, obtain proportion 0.85, size 450 * 500 * 9mm
3Fiberboard, after tested, the MOR 35.3MPa of plate; Plane tensile strength 0.58MPa, expansion rate of water absorption is less than 8%.
More than 4 prepared fiberboards of embodiment all meet the standard of GB GB11718.1～10-89 medium density fibre board (MDF).
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method of making natural composite fiber plate with the plant cellulose raw material, comprise raw material is treated to dispersity, with the quick-fried processing of band setting-out steamed, be pressed into slab after the drying in advance, fiberboard is made in the hot-press solidifying moulding, it is characterized in that handling plant cellulose class raw material with band setting-out steam continuous steam explosion, promptly in reaction vessel, keep-up pressure under certain state, continuously, charging side by side, feed the saturated vapor and the discharging of certain pressure, steam just reduces to normal pressure rapidly after with the material amount discharge container.
2, the method for the natural composite fiber plate of manufacturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
(1), with plant cellulose class raw material drying to moisture below 15%,
(2), be crushed to below the fibre length 20mm,
(3), continuously enter reaction vessel, carry out continuous steam explosion and handle, band is pressed saturated vapor pressure scope 1.0-2.5MPa, 1.4-2.0MPa preferably, and the processing time is no more than 10 minutes generally at 1-6 minute, discharging continuously under the situation of reactor pressurize.
(4), the material that draws off carried out drying handle, be pressed into slab in advance,
(5), hot-forming, condition: temperature 160-200 ℃, pressure 2.4-3.2MPa obtains natural composite fiber plate.
3, the method for the natural composite fiber plate of manufacturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that by the raw material that contains free sugar and the raw material that do not contain free sugar by weight 2: 8-4: carry out continuous steam explosion after 6 ratio is mixed and handle.
4,, it is characterized in that adding before continuous steam explosion is handled or in the raw material after handling monose and/or the disaccharide that accounts for raw material gross weight 3-18% according to the method for claim 1 or the natural composite fiber plate of 3 described manufacturings.
5, the natural composite fiber plate of making according to the described method of claim 1.
6, the natural composite fiber plate of making according to the described technical process of claim 2.
7, the natural composite fiber plate of method manufacturing according to claim 3.
8, the natural composite fiber plate of method manufacturing according to claim 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94111463 CN1105310A (en) | 1994-10-13 | 1994-10-13 | Method for manufacturing natural composite-fibrous board using plant cellulose material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94111463 CN1105310A (en) | 1994-10-13 | 1994-10-13 | Method for manufacturing natural composite-fibrous board using plant cellulose material |
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| CN1105310A true CN1105310A (en) | 1995-07-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 94111463 Pending CN1105310A (en) | 1994-10-13 | 1994-10-13 | Method for manufacturing natural composite-fibrous board using plant cellulose material |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100354309C (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2007-12-12 | 北京理工大学 | Steam flash explosion method modification of wood cellulose and its dissolving technology in novel solvent |
| WO2009056009A1 (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2009-05-07 | Zhejiang Tenglong Bamboo & Wood Flooring Manufacture Co., Ltd | Method for manufacturing bamboo or bamboo-wood composite laminated timber |
| CN102642229A (en) * | 2007-05-30 | 2012-08-22 | 富士通株式会社 | Manufacturing method of compression molding product using plant materials |
| US8262960B2 (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2012-09-11 | Fujitsu Limited | Compression-molded product using plant material and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN103496028A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-08 | 南京中医药大学 | Method for manufacturing steam explosion fiber separating self-bonding abelmoschus manihot fiber board |
| CN105856379A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-17 | 华南理工大学 | Environment-friendly high-strength lignocellulose plate and preparing method thereof |
| CN110396247A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-11-01 | 佛吉亚内饰工业公司 | Composite material and preparation method and use and vehicle part and preparation method thereof |
-
1994
- 1994-10-13 CN CN 94111463 patent/CN1105310A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100354309C (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2007-12-12 | 北京理工大学 | Steam flash explosion method modification of wood cellulose and its dissolving technology in novel solvent |
| CN102642229A (en) * | 2007-05-30 | 2012-08-22 | 富士通株式会社 | Manufacturing method of compression molding product using plant materials |
| US8262960B2 (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2012-09-11 | Fujitsu Limited | Compression-molded product using plant material and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN101678558B (en) * | 2007-05-30 | 2013-05-15 | 富士通株式会社 | Compression-molded articles of vegetable material |
| WO2009056009A1 (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2009-05-07 | Zhejiang Tenglong Bamboo & Wood Flooring Manufacture Co., Ltd | Method for manufacturing bamboo or bamboo-wood composite laminated timber |
| CN103496028A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-08 | 南京中医药大学 | Method for manufacturing steam explosion fiber separating self-bonding abelmoschus manihot fiber board |
| CN105856379A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-17 | 华南理工大学 | Environment-friendly high-strength lignocellulose plate and preparing method thereof |
| CN110396247A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-11-01 | 佛吉亚内饰工业公司 | Composite material and preparation method and use and vehicle part and preparation method thereof |
| CN110396247B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2023-08-08 | 佛吉亚内饰工业公司 | Composite material, method for producing same, use thereof, vehicle component, and method for producing same |
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