CN103362008A - Method for producing steam-exploded stalk eco-boards by utilizing alkali lignin as binder - Google Patents
Method for producing steam-exploded stalk eco-boards by utilizing alkali lignin as binder Download PDFInfo
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- CN103362008A CN103362008A CN2012100959847A CN201210095984A CN103362008A CN 103362008 A CN103362008 A CN 103362008A CN 2012100959847 A CN2012100959847 A CN 2012100959847A CN 201210095984 A CN201210095984 A CN 201210095984A CN 103362008 A CN103362008 A CN 103362008A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of boards or packing materials, and particularly relates to a method for producing non-formaldehyde environment-friendly eco-boards by means of hot press molding with stalks as raw materials and alkali lignin as a binder through a steam explosion preprocess. The method includes steps of chopping the stalks, performing a steam explosion process on the stalks to obtain steam exploded stalks, adding alkali lignin solution, mixing uniformly with control of certain water content, and finally performing hot press molding. Through the steam explosion technology, wettability of the stalks is improved, thin-colloidality substances on surfaces of the stalks are reduced, cell wall structures are damaged, lignin active groups in the stalks are exposed to be subjected to condensation reaction with the added alkali lignin at a high temperature so as to form a binding effect, synthetic resin is replaced, and the problem of formaldehyde released pollution caused by conventional binders is solved completely. In addition, as the alkali lignin is the main component of alkaline cooking processed papermaking black liquor and is utilized as the binder to produce the eco-boards, wastes are recycled and high economical value and significance in environmental protection are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the environment-friendly type shaving board preparation field, particularly take steam puffed stalk as raw material, take alkali lignin as adhesive by the hot-forming high strength for preparing without the method for the environmental and ecological plate of aldehyde.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, can produce more than 700,000,000 ton of agricultural crop straw every year, but the utilization rate of stalk is low at present, and a large amount of stalks is burned, and both contaminated environment had been wasted again valuable renewable resource.Utilize stalk not only can take full advantage of the renewable resource that this is regarded as bearing for raw material prepares shaving board, can reduce simultaneously the use amount of wooden boards, to save timber and conserving forests, limited for China's Forest Resources is good doulbe-sides' victory effect.Utilize at present agricultural crop straw to prepare artificial board a subject matter is arranged, the wettability that the thin colloidality materials such as the wax coat that be rich on the stalk surface and silica cause is relatively poor, so that the bonding effect of common based Wood Adhesives such as Lauxite and phenolic resins is relatively poor, therefore transfer to utilize comparatively expensive isocyanates as adhesive.Although isocyanates can glue together crushed straw aggregate preferably, its expensive price causes the wood-based plate cost high, has had a strong impact on the application of non-wood type wood-based plate.
The main method that solves at present the problems referred to above of non-wood based panel has two, one is that the consumption that reduces isocyanate glue reduces cost, propose a kind of method of dipping and gluing of utilizing such as patent CN101693381A and prepared stalk-shaving board, but because the crushed straw aggregate specific area is larger, less resin added easily causes the inhomogeneous generation quality problems of applying glue; Another method is to take other measures effectively to eliminate the stalk surface to dredge the colloidality material, as use for reference the production technology of timber medium density fibre board (MDF), by defibrator process, fiber dissociates under the effect of heat and mechanical force, effectively remove the stalk outer surface and dredge the colloidality material, the preprocess method that discloses a kind of boiling defibrination such as patent CN1473690 prepares the method for cotton stalk fiber plate.And the steam blasting technology be considered to a kind of effectively, the stalk preliminary treatment of low energy consumption, by steam with heating material to uniform temperature, keep pressure a period of time, suddenly pressure release is spurted again, produce indirect steam, the volume surge, material is subjected to the effect of mechanical force destructurized.The method can disperse to be unfavorable in the stalk composition that glues together, destroy simultaneously the stalk cell wall structure, obtain the fiber between wood shavings particle and defibrator process fiber, the hydroxyl of fiber surface, carbonyl isoreactivity number of functional groups are significantly increased, improve the stickiness with adhesive.Patent CN1412092 has proposed to utilize the quick-fried technology of vapour to prepare the method for modified stalk material, but it is by the lignin in the inoculation Phanerochaete chrysosporium generation laccase activation material, then hot-forming, although the method is without adding adhesive, but cause the production efficiency of pressing plate lower owing to the growth of microorganism cycle is long, the inhomogeneous product that also easily causes of simultaneously laccase activity distribution is unstable.
Alkali lignin is the main component of alkaline pulp black liquor, by the acid out precipitation, can isolate the higher alkali lignin of purity.The activity group content of alkali lignin is high, under high temperature action can with the quick-fried processing of vapour after stalk active group and lignin itself play dehydration condensation, form similar adhesive action effect.The present invention is by the quick-fried technology activation of vapour stalk, utilizing alkali lignin adhesive action at high temperature to substitute isocyanates or other contains aldehyde synthetic resin and carries out heating platen, thoroughly solve the formaldehyde gas pollution problem of traditional adhesive, reduced simultaneously production cost.Alkali lignin not only can be recycled for black liquid as the adhesive of steam puffed stalk pressing plate an effective way is provided, and for the wood-based plate preparation, cheap price has significantly reduced the production cost of pressing plate, has environmental protection and economical effects simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is take agricultural crop straw as raw material, utilizes alkali lignin to be adhesive by the steam blasting preliminary treatment, the formaldehydeless environmental and ecological plate of hot pressing high strength under certain temperature and pressure.This ecological board preparation method utilizes the quick-fried processing of vapour to improve the wettability of stalk, reduces the stalk surface and dredges the colloidality material; Utilize simultaneously the exogenously added alkali lignin at high temperature with raw material in lignin and the adhesive action that forms of carbohydrate and alkali lignin self condensation reaction hot-forming, the preparation ecological board.
Key step of the present invention is as follows:
(1) preparation of steam puffed stalk:
Stalk shreds to 2-5cm, and the steam-explosion jar of packing under the pressure of 1.2-1.7MPa, is kept after the pressure 5-10min, and instant decompression discharges, and obtains steam puffed stalk.
(2) steam puffed stalk that step 1 obtained oven dry, or naturally dry, to moisture be 5-10%, the steam puffed stalk after drying is evenly mixed with 5-10% alkali lignin solution, the addition of lignin is about the 4-8% of over dry material.
(3) the steam puffed stalk uniform spreading of mixing lignin that step 2 is obtained is contained in above the trigger squeeze, pressure 0.8-1.2MPa, and hot pressing temperature is controlled at 180-190 ℃, and the time is 8-12min.
Described stalk is the agricultural crop straw raw materials such as value maize straw, wheat straw or straw.
Described alkali lignin is precipitated by the black liquid acid out, water washing and precipitating, and spray drying forms; Alkali lignin solution is dissolved in 1-3%NaOH solution by alkali lignin and makes.
The present invention has advantages of: can improve the wettability of stalk by the quick-fried technical finesse stalk of vapour, reduce the stalk surface and dredge the colloidality material; Destroy simultaneously cell wall structure, lignin active group in the raw material is come out, form adhesive action with the alkali lignin that adds condensation reaction under alkali condition, substitute the adhesive action of traditional Lauxite or phenolic resins, the formaldehyde gas that has thoroughly solved traditional adhesive discharges pollution problem.Alkali lignin is the main component of alkaline cooking black liquid simultaneously, utilizes alkali lignin as production of adhesive straw ecological plate, turns waste into wealth, and has preferably economic worth and environment protection significance.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: shredding corn stalk is to 2-5cm, and the steam-explosion jar of packing into passes into high steam, keeps 5min under the vapour pressure of 1.5MPa, and instant decompression discharges and obtains the quick-fried maize straw of vapour.With steam puffed stalk oven dry or naturally dry to moisture 5%, evenly to mix with 5% alkali lignin solution, solid-to-liquid ratio is 5: 4, and the addition of alkali lignin is 4%, and moisture is 45%.The steam puffed stalk material uniform spreading of mixed base lignin is contained in above the trigger squeeze, and material contacts up and down the surface of heating platen and all fills up brown paper.Hot pressing pressure is 0.8MPa, and hot pressing temperature is 190 ℃, and the time is 10min, and pressure release is taken out can prepare the maize straw ecological board.
Embodiment 2: shredding corn stalk is to 2-5cm, and the steam-explosion jar of packing into passes into high steam, keeps 5min under the vapour pressure of 1.7MPa, and instant decompression discharges and obtains the quick-fried maize straw of vapour.With steam puffed stalk oven dry or naturally dry to moisture 10%, evenly to mix with 10% alkali lignin solution, solid-to-liquid ratio is 5: 4, and the addition of alkali lignin is 8%, and moisture is 46%.The steam puffed stalk material uniform spreading of mixed base lignin is contained in above the trigger squeeze, and material contacts up and down the surface of heating platen and all fills up brown paper.Hot pressing pressure is 1.2MPa, and hot pressing temperature is 190 ℃, and the time is 8min, and pressure release is taken out can prepare the maize straw ecological board.
Embodiment 3: shredding corn stalk is to 2-5cm, and the steam-explosion jar of packing into passes into high steam, keeps 10min under the vapour pressure of 1.3MPa, and instant decompression discharges and obtains the quick-fried maize straw of vapour.With steam puffed stalk oven dry or naturally dry to moisture 10%, evenly to mix with 8% alkali lignin solution, solid-to-liquid ratio is 5: 4, and the addition of alkali lignin is 6%, and moisture is 46%.The steam puffed stalk material uniform spreading of mixed base lignin is contained in above the trigger squeeze, and material contacts up and down the surface of heating platen and all fills up brown paper.Hot pressing pressure is 1.2MPa, and hot pressing temperature is 180 ℃, and the time is 10min, and pressure release is taken out can prepare the maize straw ecological board.
Embodiment 4: wheat straw waste is crushed to 2-4cm, and the steam-explosion jar of packing into passes into high steam, keeps 10min under the vapour pressure of 1.2MPa, and instant decompression discharges and obtains the quick-fried maize straw of vapour.With steam puffed stalk oven dry or naturally dry to moisture 5%, evenly to mix with 10% alkali lignin solution, solid-to-liquid ratio is 2: 1, and the addition of alkali lignin is 5%, and moisture is 33.3%.The steam puffed stalk material uniform spreading of mixed base lignin is contained in above the trigger squeeze, and material contacts up and down the surface of heating platen and all fills up brown paper.Hot pressing pressure is 1.0MPa, and hot pressing temperature is 185 ℃, and the time is 10min, and pressure release is taken out can prepare the wheat straw waste ecological board.
Embodiment 5: rice straw is crushed to 2-3cm, and the steam-explosion jar of packing into passes into high steam, keeps 8min under the vapour pressure of 1.3MPa, and instant decompression discharges and obtains the quick-fried maize straw of vapour.With steam puffed stalk oven dry or naturally dry to moisture 5%, evenly to mix with 12% alkali lignin solution, solid-to-liquid ratio is 2: 1, and the addition of alkali lignin is 6%, and moisture is 32.7%.The steam puffed stalk material uniform spreading of mixed base lignin is contained in above the trigger squeeze, and material contacts up and down the surface of heating platen and all fills up brown paper.Hot pressing pressure is 1.2MPa, and hot pressing temperature is 180 ℃, and the time is 12min, and pressure release is taken out can prepare the rice straw ecological board.
Claims (4)
1. steam puffed stalk ecological board preparation method take alkali lignin as adhesive, described method comprises the following steps:
The preparation of a steam puffed stalk:
Stalk shreds to 20-50mm, and the steam-explosion jar of packing under the pressure of 1.2-1.7MPa, is kept after the pressure 5-10min, and instant decompression discharges, and obtains steam puffed stalk;
The steam puffed stalk oven dry that b obtains step a, or naturally dry, to moisture be 5-10%; , the steam puffed stalk after the oven dry is evenly mixed with 5-10% alkali lignin solution, the addition of lignin is about the 4-8% of over dry material;
C is contained in the steam puffed stalk uniform spreading of mixing lignin that step b obtains above the trigger squeeze, pressure 0.8-1.2MPa, and hot pressing temperature is controlled at 180-190 ℃, and the time is 8-12min.
2. by a kind of steam puffed stalk ecological board preparation method take alkali lignin as adhesive claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stalk refers to the agricultural crop straw raw materials such as maize straw, wheat straw or straw.
3. by a kind of steam puffed stalk ecological board preparation method take alkali lignin as adhesive claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: alkali lignin is precipitated by the black liquid acid out, water washing and precipitating, and spray drying forms; Alkali lignin solution is dissolved in 1%-3%NaOH solution by alkali lignin and makes.
By claimed in claim 1 a kind of take alkali lignin as adhesive steam puffed stalk ecological board preparation method, it is characterized in that: calculate with the alkali lignin amount, the alkali lignin addition is 4-10%; According to lignin liquor amount control moisture.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012100959847A CN103362008A (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Method for producing steam-exploded stalk eco-boards by utilizing alkali lignin as binder |
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| CN2012100959847A CN103362008A (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Method for producing steam-exploded stalk eco-boards by utilizing alkali lignin as binder |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104312480A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-28 | 北京林业大学 | Lignin-based filler and preparation method and application of lignin-based filler |
| CN106638086A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-10 | 中州大学 | Tobacco stalk fiber and logistics packaging plate prepared from same |
| CN110253708A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-09-20 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | A kind of stalk of high intensity is without glue plank stuff production technology and plate |
| CN112538773A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-23 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for preparing formaldehyde-free recombinant board by taking steam-exploded straw enzymatic hydrolysis lignin as raw material |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104312480A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-28 | 北京林业大学 | Lignin-based filler and preparation method and application of lignin-based filler |
| CN104312480B (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-01-06 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of lignin-base filler and its preparation method and application |
| CN106638086A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-10 | 中州大学 | Tobacco stalk fiber and logistics packaging plate prepared from same |
| CN110253708A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-09-20 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | A kind of stalk of high intensity is without glue plank stuff production technology and plate |
| CN110253708B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2021-06-08 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | High-strength straw glue-free plate production process and plate |
| CN112538773A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-23 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for preparing formaldehyde-free recombinant board by taking steam-exploded straw enzymatic hydrolysis lignin as raw material |
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Application publication date: 20131023 |