CN103358377B - The preparation method of the glue-free environment friendly artificial board of a kind of steam puffed stalk - Google Patents
The preparation method of the glue-free environment friendly artificial board of a kind of steam puffed stalk Download PDFInfo
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- CN103358377B CN103358377B CN201210095982.8A CN201210095982A CN103358377B CN 103358377 B CN103358377 B CN 103358377B CN 201210095982 A CN201210095982 A CN 201210095982A CN 103358377 B CN103358377 B CN 103358377B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to glue-free environment friendly artificial board preparation field, is particularly raw material with steam puffed stalk, the method for the glue-free environment friendly artificial board of alkaline process activation hot pressing.The method comprises the following steps: carry out the quick-fried process of vapour after stalk chopping and obtain steam puffed stalk, add aqueous slkali, mix, control certain water content, hot-forming.The present invention can improve the wetability of stalk by steam explosion technology Treating straw, destroy cell wall structure simultaneously, make the easier stripping in the basic conditions of the lignin in raw material, the lignin of stripping under the hot conditions of hot pressing by forming adhesive action with the lignin in raw material and polysaccharide condensation reaction, the method achieve the Binderless binding of stalk, both the interpolation cost eliminating adhesive had been saved, in turn simplify technology and production line, be conducive to reducing adhesive made of synthetic resin and cause environmental pollution, reduce production cost, preparation for wood-based plate provides new effective way.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to glue-free environment friendly artificial board preparation field, is particularly raw material with steam puffed stalk, the method for the glue-free environment friendly artificial board of alkaline process activation hot pressing.
[background technology]
Agricultural-forestry biomass resource mainly comprises forest timber resource and agricultural crop straw, and compared with developed countries, occupancy volume per person is low for China's Forest Resources, and the demand of timber and wood-based panel product and timber can contradiction long-term existence between supply.And China is large agricultural country, annual agricultural crop straw output at about 700,000,000 tons, but does not generally obtain efficiency utilization at present, even becomes pollution sources in a lot of area.If the stalk resource of China's abundant is used for wood-based panel industry, will greatly alleviate the under-supply contradiction of raw material of artifical plate.But dredge the more characteristic of colloidality content of material according to stalk surface, the adhesive causing artificial board of straw to use is greater than wood type raw material, and what thus cause is the important bottleneck restricting artificial board of straw industry development compared with highly adhesive cost.
Thorough solution to the problems described above finds artificial board of straw gluing-free technology.Gluing-free technology mainly relies on the large component of stalk its own cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin three to react generation insoluble resin at high temperature under high pressure, is then combined by viscose in stalk, adds and be pressed into plate.Because three large composition activity group contents are lower in the compactness of stalk structure and raw material, need to carry out activation process to stalk, destroy cell wall structure, improve its reactivity.Activation process mainly contains Physical, chemical method and bioanalysis.Physical mainly contains mechanical defibrator process method and steam explosion, patent CN101172351 proposes a kind of glue-free method preparing wood-based plate of bamboo wood defibrator process, but because hot pressing temperature is higher and hot pressing time is longer, while energy consumption is larger, productivity ratio is lower, causes being limited in scope of application; Patent CN1067399 discloses a kind of saturated vapor boiling treatment process activation lignocellulosic material and prepares glue-free artificial board, but it is due to " from gummed " limited use that complexity and the hot pressing of stalk structure produce, often unsatisfactory by the intensity of the method pressing plate.Chemical method, mainly through adding the natural polymer in some chemistry for activation stalks, produces active group, mainly contain oxidation bonding method, free radical causes method and, acid catalyzed condensation method and aqueous slkali activation method four kinds.Bioanalysis mainly utilizes microorganism or enzymatic stalk component degradation to produce active group.Certainly, what current stalk gluing-free technology was applied is not above-mentioned independent a kind of method, but the combination of multiple method, utilize defibrator process exactly as patent CN101214678 and apply oxidant combination activation method and prepare bamboo fiber artificial board, and patent CN1412092 propose utilize Steam explosion treatment stalk after inoculate the method for Phanerochaete chrysosporium solid state fermentation activation stalk material hot pressing stalk sex change material.Although the method is without additional adhesive, cause the production efficiency of pressing plate lower because the growth of microorganism cycle is longer, the uneven product that also easily causes of laccase activity distribution is simultaneously unstable.
Steam explosion treatment be by steam by heating material to uniform temperature, maintain pressure a period of time, more suddenly pressure release is spurted, produce indirect steam, volume surges, and material is destroyed by the interactive construction of mechanical force.The method can destroy stalk cell wall structure, obtain the fiber between wood shavings particle and defibrator process fiber, make the hydroxyl of fiber surface, carbonyl isoreactivity number of functional groups significantly increases, cell wall structure is destroyed and causes a large amount of lignin can stripping in the aqueous slkali of low concentration simultaneously.The present invention utilizes the temperature dissolved lignin of alkali lye in hot pressing after utilizing Steam explosion treatment stalk, these lignin at high temperature play dehydration condensation with the active group in the stalk of overactivation and lignin itself, form similar adhesive action effect.
[summary of the invention]
Main purpose of the present invention take agricultural crop straw as raw material, produces the glue-free environmental and ecological plate of self-adhesive effect hot pressing high strength under the high temperature conditions by the lignin of alkaline process activating cell wall after steam blasting pretreatment.
Key step of the present invention is as follows:
(1) preparation of steam puffed stalk: stalk chopping, to 2-5cm, loads steam-explosion jar, under the pressure of 1.2-1.7MPa, after maintaining pressure 5-10min, instant decompression discharges, and obtains steam puffed stalk.
(2) steam puffed stalk step (1) obtained is dried, or naturally dries, and is 5-10% to water content.Steam puffed stalk after oven dry and 1-3% aqueous slkali are pressed quality solid-to-liquid ratio 1:0.5-1 Homogeneous phase mixing, and hybrid mode can utilize spraying mixing or direct hybrid mode.。
(3) the steam puffed stalk uniform spreading of interpolation alkali lye activator step (2) obtained is contained in above trigger squeeze, and pressure 0.1-0.2MPa, hot pressing temperature controls at 90-110 DEG C, and the time is maintained 8-10min.Following continuation improves pressure to 0.8-1.5MPa, and temperature is 170-190 DEG C, holds time as 5-10min.
Be 110-130 DEG C in temperature in step (3), pressure is precompressed 5-8min under 0.1-0.2MPa, and the main purpose of precompressed is that water vapour is fully overflowed, reduce water content, improve stalk heat transfer efficiency, reduce energy consumption, eliminate internal stress simultaneously, improve pressing plate performance.
Described stalk refers to the agricultural crop straw raw materials such as maize straw, wheat straw or straw.
The advantage that the present invention has: the wetability that can be improved stalk by steam explosion technology Treating straw, destroy cell wall structure simultaneously, make the easier stripping in the basic conditions of the lignin in raw material, the lignin of stripping under the hot conditions of hot pressing by forming adhesive action with the lignin in raw material and hemicellulose condensation reaction, achieve the Binderless binding of stalk, both the interpolation cost eliminating adhesive had been saved, in turn simplify technology and production line, be conducive to reducing adhesive made of synthetic resin and cause environmental pollution, reduce production cost.
[detailed description of the invention]
Embodiment 1
Shredding corn stalk, to 5cm, loads steam-explosion jar, passes into high steam, under the vapour pressure of 1.5MPa, maintain 5min, and instant decompression release obtains the quick-fried maize straw of vapour.Dried by steam puffed stalk or naturally dry to water content 5%, with 1% sodium hydroxide solution Homogeneous phase mixing, quality solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:1, and water content is 52.5%.Be contained in above trigger squeeze by the steam puffed stalk material uniform spreading adding aqueous slkali, brown paper is all padded in the surface that material contacts heating platen up and down.Preload pressure is 0.1MPa, and temperature is 110 DEG C, and the time is 8min, and now the water content of raw material is down to 25%, and improve hot pressing pressure to 1.2MPa, hot pressing temperature is 185 DEG C, and the time is 8min, and pressure release is taken out can prepare glue-free maize straw wood-based plate.
Embodiment 2
Shredding corn stalk, to 4cm, loads steam-explosion jar, passes into high steam, under the vapour pressure of 1.3MPa, maintain 8min, and instant decompression release obtains the quick-fried maize straw of vapour.Dried by steam puffed stalk or naturally dry to water content 5%, with 2% sodium hydroxide solution Homogeneous phase mixing, quality solid-to-liquid ratio is 5:4, and water content is 47.2%.Be contained in above trigger squeeze by the steam puffed stalk material uniform spreading adding aqueous slkali, brown paper is all padded in the surface that material contacts heating platen up and down.Preload pressure is 0.2MPa, and temperature is 100 DEG C of C, and the time is 10min, and now the water content of raw material is down to 23%, and improve hot pressing pressure to 1.5MPa, hot pressing temperature is 170 DEG C, and the time is 8min, and pressure release is taken out can prepare glue-free maize straw wood-based plate.
Embodiment 3
Wheat straw waste chopping, to 4cm, loads steam-explosion jar, passes into high steam, under the vapour pressure of 1.3MPa, maintain 10min, and instant decompression release obtains steam exploded wheat straw stalk.Dried by steam puffed stalk or naturally dry to water content 5%, with 2% sodium hydroxide solution Homogeneous phase mixing, quality solid-to-liquid ratio is 5:4, and water content is 47.2%.Be contained in above trigger squeeze by the steam puffed stalk material uniform spreading adding aqueous slkali, brown paper is all padded in the surface that material contacts heating platen up and down.Preload pressure is 0.2MPa, and temperature is 90 DEG C, and the time is 8min, and now the water content of raw material is down to 21%, and improve hot pressing pressure to 0.8MPa, hot pressing temperature is 190 DEG C, and the time is 5min, and pressure release is taken out can prepare glue-free wheat straw waste wood-based plate.
Embodiment 4
Rice straw chopping, to 3cm, loads steam-explosion jar, passes into high steam, under the vapour pressure of 1.3MPa, maintain 8min, and instant decompression release obtains steam exploded wheat straw stalk.Dried by steam puffed stalk or naturally dry to water content 5%, with 2% sodium hydroxide solution Homogeneous phase mixing, quality solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:1, and water content is 53%.Be contained in above trigger squeeze by the steam puffed stalk material uniform spreading adding aqueous slkali, brown paper is all padded in the surface that material contacts heating platen up and down.Preload pressure is 0.1MPa, and temperature is 100 DEG C, and the time is 8min, and now the water content of raw material is down to 25%, and improve hot pressing pressure to 1.0MPa, hot pressing temperature is 180 DEG C, and the time is 10min, and pressure release is taken out can prepare glue-free rice straw wood-based plate.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for the glue-free environment friendly artificial board of steam puffed stalk, described method comprises the following steps:
The preparation of a steam puffed stalk: stalk chopping, to 2-5cm, loads steam-explosion jar, under the pressure of 1.2-1.7MPa, after maintaining pressure 5-10min, instant decompression discharges, and obtains steam puffed stalk;
The steam puffed stalk that step a obtains by b is dried, or naturally dries, and is 5-10% to water content, and the steam puffed stalk after oven dry and 1-3% aqueous slkali are pressed quality solid-to-liquid ratio 1:0.5-1 Homogeneous phase mixing;
The steam puffed stalk uniform spreading of the interpolation alkali lye activator that step b obtains by c is contained in above trigger squeeze, pressure 0.1-0.2MPa, and hot pressing temperature controls at 90-110 DEG C, and the time is maintained 8-10min; Following continuation improves pressure to 0.8-1.5MPa, and temperature is 170-190 DEG C, holds time as 5-10min.
2., by the preparation method of the glue-free environment friendly artificial board of a kind of steam puffed stalk according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stalk refers to maize straw, wheat straw or straw.
3. by the preparation method of the glue-free environment friendly artificial board of a kind of steam puffed stalk according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: steam puffed stalk and the hybrid mode of alkali lye can utilize to spray and mix or direct hybrid mode.
4. by the preparation method of the glue-free environment friendly artificial board of a kind of steam puffed stalk according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be 110-130 DEG C in temperature in step c, pressure is precompressed 5-8min under 0.2-0.5MPa, the main purpose of precompressed is that water vapour is fully overflowed, reduce water content, improve stalk heat transfer efficiency, reduce energy consumption, eliminate internal stress simultaneously, improve pressing plate performance.
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| CN104626329B (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2019-06-14 | 四川中科板业有限公司 | A kind of no aldehyde particieboard, production method and purposes |
| CN108582337A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-28 | 国际竹藤中心 | A kind of bamboo wood explosion separation with from recombination method |
| CN110253708B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2021-06-08 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | High-strength straw glue-free plate production process and plate |
| CN110076871A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-02 | 黄京合 | A kind of preparation method of high tenacity Anti-moth-eating cork flooring |
| CN110549456B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2021-09-28 | 四川金象赛瑞化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing furfural and co-producing glue-free fiberboard from reed |
| CN112080016B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-09-21 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Biomass material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114012860A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Composite board with high straw content and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114670304B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-09-16 | 南京林业大学 | Method for preparing non-glued particle board by fermenting bamboo green particles with lactic acid bacteria and product thereof |
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| CN102225571A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-10-26 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for producing glue-free fiber board by using dry method of steam explosion slurry |
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| CN1098389C (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2003-01-08 | 中国科学院化工冶金研究所 | Pollution-less low-pressure steam decrepitation process of making straw pulp |
| CN100544915C (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-30 | 南京林业大学 | Flash evaporation defibricating glue-free light corps stalk fibrous composite manufacture method |
| CN101798769B (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2011-09-21 | 西南交通大学 | Process for removing lignin component from straw |
| CN101934548B (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2012-08-01 | 南京林业大学 | Artificial board and manufacturing method |
| CN102051383A (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2011-05-11 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for treating lignocellulose raw material through steam explosion and producing biogas, cellulose and lignin simultaneously |
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| CN102225571A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-10-26 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for producing glue-free fiber board by using dry method of steam explosion slurry |
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| 无胶人造板制造工艺的研究;金春德;《无胶人造板制造工艺的研究》;20101115;文章正文部分第3页第4段 * |
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