CN110527519A - A kind of soil-repairing agent and its application after chromium-polluted soil reparation in inhibition " brightness reversion " - Google Patents
A kind of soil-repairing agent and its application after chromium-polluted soil reparation in inhibition " brightness reversion " Download PDFInfo
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- CN110527519A CN110527519A CN201910837375.6A CN201910837375A CN110527519A CN 110527519 A CN110527519 A CN 110527519A CN 201910837375 A CN201910837375 A CN 201910837375A CN 110527519 A CN110527519 A CN 110527519A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/52—Mulches
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation.Iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria are added in the soil-repairing agent, it can be with other microorganism collective effects in soil, decompose the organic matter in organic waste and organic conditioner, generate a large amount of water soluble organic substances, reduction of hexavalent chromium and complexing, chelating trivalent chromium, can also be under the synergistic effect of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria, while solving " brightness reversion " and the saliferous long-term safety risk problem of sulfate after chromium-polluted soil is repaired.The invention belongs to soil in-situ recovery techniques, and while solving the problems, such as above-mentioned " brightness reversion " and salination, then through the plantation further Transport And Transformation of chromium hyperaccumulative plant, the green for finally realizing chromium-polluted soil is repaired and ecology building.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of soil remediation, and in particular to a kind of soil-repairing agent and its in chromium-polluted soil reparation
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " afterwards.
Background technique
The chromium-polluted soil in China is mainly that the chromium slag stockpiling discharged by chrome salt production enterprise and resettlement enterprise leave place
It is caused.According to statistics, the accumulative stockpiling in China in 2005 leaves more than 600 ten thousand tons of chromium slag, and by 2012, all removing toxic substances was completed.But
During chromium slag is stored up for a long time, does not take antiseepage, flood control, anti-rain mostly and prevent flying upward measure, the chromium slag dust of weathering flies with the wind
It raises and is deposited to soil nearby, the chromium slag that drenches with rain causes Cr (VI) to penetrate into the pollution of chromium that the factors such as soil cause soil.
Chromium in natural environment mainly exists in the form of two kinds of Cr (III) and Cr (VI), and Cr (III) is not easy to migrate and toxicity
It is low, it is relatively small to the harm of environment, and Cr (VI) is soluble easily in water, mobility is strong and toxicity ratio Cr (III) is 10-100 times big.
The important thinking for handling Cr (VI) pollution is that high toxicity, Cr easy to migrate (VI) are reduced into the Cr that hypotoxicity easily forms precipitating
(III), it is slightly soluble in the Cr (OH) of water3It is typically considered most stable of reparation product in Cr (VI) pollution amelioration.
For traditional chemical restorative procedure from the point of view of short-term repairing effect evaluation result, base is repaired in the reduction of Cr (VI) contaminated soil
It can achieve set standard in sheet, but Cr (VI) concentration is to limit such recovery technique there are bounce problem after reduction reparation
The key factor promoted and applied on a large scale.There are three the main reason for causing this phenomenon: first is that chromium slag is mixed in soil, slag
Middle content of 6-valence Cr ions is about that 1-2.5%, wherein water soluble hexavalent chromium and acid soluble hexavalent chromium respectively account for about 50%.Traditional pollution of chromium
Soil restoring technology can only water soluble hexavalent chromium in rehabilitating soil, cannot acid soluble hexavalent chromium completely in rehabilitating soil.FeSO4
Equal inorganic reductions medicament long-term effect is poor, is easy to happen oxidation in the natural environment, loses reduction efficiency, even if excessive investment,
Also the acid soluble hexavalent chromium of slow release can not be restored completely.Over time, acid soluble hexavalent chromium gradually discharges, and generates
" brightness reversion " phenomenon；Second is that Mn oxide and H in soil environment2O2There are problems that can cause reoxidizing for Cr (III)；Third is that new
Trivalent chromium (hydrated chromium oxide (the Cr of amorphous state of generation2O3·nH2O)) all unstable in thermodynamics or kinetically, certainly
It is easy to be oxidized to Cr (VI) again in right boundary, causes " brightness reversion " phenomenon.Moreover, chromium-polluted soil generally use ferrous sulfate,
The reducing agents such as vulcanized sodium, calcium sulfide are restored, and while hexavalent chrome reduction is at trivalent chromium, can also generate iron hydroxide, sulfuric acid
The physicochemical property of the influence soil such as sodium.
CN108555007A discloses a kind of soil-repairing agent and the reduction of hexavalent chromium polluted soil stabilizes restorative procedure.
The soil-repairing agent is made of the raw material of following mass percents: calcium polysulfide 35-45%；Biomass carbon 15-25%；Seven water
Close ferrous sulfate 35-45%；Wherein, the sum of mass percent of each raw material is 100%.In the renovation agent of the invention, biomass
Charcoal is obtained by vacuum pyrolysis biomass, and biomass carbon porosity obtained is high under vacuum conditions, and adsorptive value is high；With rice straw
Stalk biomass is raw material, makes full use of resource, avoids environmental pollution caused by burning because of it.The biomass obtained by vacuum pyrolysis
Charcoal has large specific surface area, and duct is abundant, easily adsorbs all kinds of heavy metal ion, migration heavy metal ion is dense in reduction soil
Degree.But the renovation agent is introduced into so that sulphates content increases in soil after repairing, salinization of soil degree aggravates.
It is asked it would therefore be highly desirable to " brightness reversion " and salination long-term safety risk etc. occur for the chromium-polluted soil after repairing
Topic researches and develops effective repair and controls key technology.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of soil-repairing agent and its in chromium-polluted soil
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " after reparation.The soil-repairing agent can solve " brightness reversion " and sulfuric acid after chromium-polluted soil is repaired simultaneously
The saliferous long-term safety risk problem of salt is realized that the green of soil is repaired, is had a good application prospect.
To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent, the renovation agent includes organic solid castoff, organic
Conditioner and Mixed Microbes；The Mixed Microbes include iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria.
Soil-repairing agent of the present invention uses iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria, the chromium of " brightness reversion " to after repaired
After the soil-repairing agent is added in contaminated soil, firstly, other microorganisms are total in iron-reducing bacterium, sulfate reducing bacteria and soil
Same-action decomposes the organic matter in organic waste and organic conditioner, generates a large amount of water soluble organic substance such as macromolecular
Humus, small molecular organic acid, carbohydrate, amino acid etc., these water soluble organic substances not only can be with reduction of hexavalent chromium, but also can be with
Complexing, chelating trivalent chromium, to reduce the bioactivity and toxicity of chromium in soil；Secondly, iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria
It can cooperate, collaborative SCM Cr VI, i.e. iron hydroxide in soil can be used as the electron acceptor of iron-reducing bacterium to divalent
Iron transformation, ferrous iron is the active constituent of various enzymes in sulfate reducing bacteria cell again, can not only make sulfate reducing bacteria after
Continuous reduction of hexavalent chromium, moreover it is possible to generate metal sulfide with deliquescent sulfide to mitigate the inhibition work to sulfate reducing bacteria
With；In addition, sulfate is restored to form hydrogen sulfide by sulfate reducing bacteria, hydrogen sulfide is either reduced into divalent to iron hydroxide
Iron or hydrogen sulfide, which react generation chromium hydroxide precipitation with Cr (VI), apparent facilitation.Therefore, soil of the present invention
Earth renovation agent is cooperated by iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria, synergistic, can be solved simultaneously chromium-polluted soil and be repaired
" brightness reversion " and the saliferous long-term safety risk problem of sulfate after multiple realize that the green of chromium-polluted soil is repaired.
" brightness reversion " of the present invention refers to that Cr (VI) contaminated soil can achieve soil remediation correlation after reduction is repaired
Standard, but banked up through (15 days or more) outdoor after a period of time, there are problems that hexavalent chromium concentration rise, causes heap body surface face
There is " brightness reversion " phenomenon.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the organic solid castoff, organic conditioner and Mixed Microbes is 100:(5-50): (1-
50), for example, can be 100:5:1,100:5:10,100:5:20,100:5:30,100:5:40,100:5:50,100:10:5,
100:10:10、100:10:20、100:10:30、100:10:40、100:10:50、100:20:5、100:20:10、100:20:
20、100:20:30、100:20:40、100:20:50、100:30:10、100:30:20、100:30:30、100:40:10、100:
40:20,100:40:30,100:50:10,100:50:20 or 100:50:30 etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, it should
Other unlisted numerical value are equally applicable in numberical range.
Preferably, the inoculum concentration of the Mixed Microbes is 5-30%, for example, can be 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%,
16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28% or 30% etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, the numerical value model
Other unlisted numerical value are equally applicable in enclosing, preferably 10-20%.
Preferably, the strain concentration ratio of the iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria be 1:(1-6), such as can be 1:1,
1:1.5,1:1.8,1:2,1:2.5,1:3,1:3.5,1:4,1:4.5,1:5,1:5.5 or 1:6 etc., it is not limited to cited
Numerical value, other unlisted numerical value are equally applicable in the numberical range, preferably 1:(1.5-3).
The strain concentration ratio of the preferred iron-reducing bacterium of the present invention and sulfate reducing bacteria is 1:(1-6), it is due to iron-reducing bacterium
With sulfate reducing bacteria in the chromium-polluted soil environment of repaired rear " brightness reversion ", being maintained in above-mentioned concentration range can be mutual
Cooperation, it is synergistic, it better solves " brightness reversion " and the saliferous long-term safety risk of sulfate after chromium-polluted soil is repaired and asks
Topic realizes that the green of chromium-polluted soil is repaired.
Preferably, the organic solid castoff is in municipal sludge, fowl and animal excrement, kitchen garbage or mineralized waste
Any one or at least two combination.
Preferably, partial size≤30mm of the organic solid castoff, for example, can be 5mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm,
14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 24mm, 26mm, 28mm or 30mm etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, the number
It is equally applicable to be worth other unlisted numerical value in range, preferably≤20mm.
Preferably, the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of the organic solid castoff is (5-20): 1, such as can be 5:1,6:1,7:
1,8:1,9:1,10:1,11:1,12:1,13:1,14:1,15:1,16:1,17:1,18:1,19:1 or 20:1 etc., but simultaneously not only
It is limited to cited numerical value, other unlisted numerical value are equally applicable in the numberical range.
Contain organic solid castoff in soil-repairing agent of the present invention, from a wealth of sources, zymotechnique is simple, simultaneously
The application approach of China's agricultural and animal husbandry solid waste can be opened up, there is good application value；Meanwhile the application
Using biomass debirs as repair materials, and compost organic matter is as good organic fertilizer, rich in needed for plant
Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and various microelements, can improve the physicochemical property of soil, while solving the problems, such as " brightness reversion " after soil remediation,
Ecological recovery after being also able to achieve soil remediation.
Preferably, organic conditioner is any one in stalk, leaf, sawdust, straw or wheat bran or at least two
The combination of kind.
Preferably, partial size≤50mm of organic conditioner, for example, can be 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm,
30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm or 50mm etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, other are unlisted in the numberical range
Numerical value is equally applicable, preferably≤30mm.
The present invention preferably by the size controlling of organic waste and organic conditioner within the above range, be to be able to and
Other bacteriums in iron-reducing bacterium, sulfate reducing bacteria and heap body are sufficiently mixed, and the bacterium in heap body is sufficiently divided
Organic matter therein is solved, water soluble organic substance is generated and comes reduction of hexavalent chromium and complexing trivalent chromium, and then substantially reduce chromium in soil
Bioactivity and toxicity.
Preferably, the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of organic conditioner be (60-120): 1, for example, can be 60:1,65:1,
70:1,75:1,80:1,85:1,90:1,95:1,100:1,105:1,110:1,115:1 or 120:1 etc., it is not limited to institute
The numerical value enumerated, other interior unlisted numerical value of the numberical range are equally applicable.
Second aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of soil-repairing agents as described in relation to the first aspect in chromium-polluted soil reparation
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " afterwards.
Preferably, it is described application the following steps are included:
(1) will it is repaired after " brightness reversion " chromium-polluted soil and as described in relation to the first aspect soil-repairing agent mixing, obtain
Mixture；
(2) mixture that step (1) obtains is fermented, obtains fermentation heap body；
(3) chromium hyperaccumulative plant is planted to the fermentation heap body that step (2) obtains.
Soil-repairing agent of the present invention inhibits the application in " brightness reversion " after chromium-polluted soil reparation, can solve simultaneously
Cr VI gos up and the problem of sulfate salination after chromium-polluted soil is repaired, then again by plantation chromium hyperaccumulative plant into
One step Transport And Transformation, the green for realizing chromium-polluted soil is repaired and ecology building.
In the present invention, on the one hand plantation chromium hyperaccumulative plant utilizes chromium hyperaccumulative plant to absorb heavy metal chromium from soil,
And it is transported to the position that can be gathered in；The metabolism growth of another aspect plant and the improvement of plant rhizosphere environment, are conducive to protect
The reduction atmosphere and soil microbial activities for holding soil, two that " brightness reversion " is thoroughly solved while restoration of the ecosystem ask greatly at all
Topic.
Preferably, described in step (1) it is repaired after " brightness reversion " chromium-polluted soil be by ferrous sulfate, vulcanized sodium or
The soil of " brightness reversion " after calcium sulfide electronation.
Preferably, the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of the chromium-polluted soil of repaired rear " brightness reversion " described in step (1) is (4-15):
1, such as can be 4:1,5:1,6:1,7:1,8:1,9:1,10:1,11:1,12:1,13:1,14:1 or 15:1 etc., but simultaneously not only
It is limited to cited numerical value, other unlisted numerical value are equally applicable in the numberical range.
In the present invention, chromium-polluted soil is after the electronations such as ferrous sulfate, vulcanized sodium, and Cr (VI) is reduced into soil
Stable Cr (OH)3, but the new substances such as iron hydroxide, sodium sulphate, sodium thiosulfate are also generated simultaneously, change the reason of soil
Change property, and through weathering after a period of time, Cr (VI) gos up in soil, and it is a degree of " brightness reversion " to cause soil.
Preferably, step (1) it is described it is repaired after " brightness reversion " chromium-polluted soil in content of 6-valence Cr ions 30mg/kg with
On, such as can be 30mg/kg, 40mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 60mg/kg, 70mg/kg, 80mg/kg, 90mg/kg or 100mg/
Kg etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, other interior unlisted numerical value of the numberical range are equally applicable.
The chromium-polluted soil of repaired rear " brightness reversion " of the present invention is detecting content of 6-valence Cr ions in soil after reduction
Lower than 3-30mg/kg, but when detecting again after 15-30 days, content of 6-valence Cr ions is significantly risen to 30-100mg/ in soil
Kg, as time increases, the content of Cr VI can be higher in soil.The present invention is directed Cr VI contains in soil after repairing
Amount is higher than the soil of 30mg/kg.
Preferably, carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) is 15-40 in step (1) described mixture, for example, can be 15,18,20,22,
24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38 or 40 etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, other are unlisted in the numberical range
Numerical value it is equally applicable, preferably 20-30.
Preferably, step (1) further include: water is added in the mixture makes the moisture content 20-80% of material, such as
It can be 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or 80% etc., but
It is not limited in cited numerical value, other unlisted numerical value are equally applicable in the numberical range.
Preferably, step (2) further include: covering degradable mulch carries out anaerobic fermentation in fermentation heap body surface face.
Preferably, the time of step (2) described anaerobic fermentation be 30-120 days, such as can be 30 days, 45 days, 50 days,
55 days, 60 days, 65 days, 70 days, 75 days, 80 days, 85 days, 90 days, 95 days, 100 days, 105 days, 110 days, 115 days or 120 days
Deng, it is not limited to cited numerical value, other interior unlisted numerical value of the numberical range are equally applicable, preferably 60-90
It.
Preferably, the humidity of step (2) the fermentation heap body is 20-80%, for example, can be 20%, 25%, 30%,
35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or 80% etc., it is not limited to cited number
Value, other interior unlisted numerical value of the numberical range are equally applicable, preferably 40-60%.
Preferably, the depth of step (2) the fermentation heap body be 0.2-2m, such as can be 0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m,
0.8m, 1.0m, 1.2m, 1.4m, 1.6m, 1.8m or 2.0m etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, in the numberical range its
His unlisted numerical value is equally applicable, preferably 0.6-1.4m.
Preferably, the temperature of step (2) the fermentation heap body is 20-60 DEG C, such as can be 20 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 35
DEG C, 40 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C or 60 DEG C etc., it is not limited to cited numerical value, other are not arranged in the numberical range
The numerical value of act is equally applicable, and preferably 30-40 DEG C.
Preferably, the pH value of step (2) the fermentation heap body is 5-10, such as can be 5,6,7,8,9 or 10 etc., but simultaneously
It is not limited only to cited numerical value, the equally applicable preferably 6-8 of other unlisted numerical value in the numberical range.
In the present invention, in order to guarantee the anaerobic state of compost, mulch, waterproof cloth etc. are covered using on rehabilitating soil surface, with
And guarantee certain fermentation heap collection depth, hinder the gas exchanges of soil and air.
Preferably, the chromium hyperaccumulative plant is Festuca Arundinacea, Bermuda grass, Conyza canadensis, emarginate amaranth herb or seed, chenopodium glaucum linn, herba eleusines indicae, Han
In dish or Amaranthus retroflexus any one or at least two combination.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) it is added to iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria in soil-repairing agent of the present invention, it can be with its in soil
His microorganism collective effect reduction of hexavalent chromium and complexing, chelating trivalent chromium, and in the collaboration of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria
Under effect, " brightness reversion " after chromium-polluted soil is repaired can also be solved simultaneously and the saliferous long-term safety risk of sulfate is asked
Topic realizes that the green of chromium-polluted soil is repaired；
(2) contain organic solid castoff in heretofore described soil-repairing agent, from a wealth of sources, zymotechnique letter
It is single, while the application approach of China's agricultural and animal husbandry solid waste can be opened up, there is good application value；Together
When, the application is using biomass debirs as repair materials, and compost organic matter is rich in and plants as good organic fertilizer
Carbon needed for object, nitrogen, phosphorus and various microelements can improve the physicochemical property of soil, and " brightness reversion " is asked after solving soil remediation
Ecological recovery while topic, after also achieving soil remediation；
(3) soil-repairing agent of the present invention inhibits the application in " brightness reversion " after chromium-polluted soil reparation, can be simultaneously
It solves the problems, such as that the repaired rear Cr VI of chromium-polluted soil gos up and sulfate salination, is then tired out again by plantation chromium ultraproduct and planted
The further Transport And Transformation of object, the green for realizing chromium-polluted soil is repaired and ecology building；
(4) after inhibiting chromium-polluted soil to repair using soil-repairing agent of the present invention the problem of " brightness reversion ", effect is prominent.
By the reparation of certain time, soil restores ecological functions substantially, and content of 6-valence Cr ions is below in soil after repairing 30 days
30mg/kg, and Cr VI can not be detected within 60 days in soil after repair, also, to the content of Cr VI in soil after reparation
Every month, detection was primary, continued at least half a year, occurred without " brightness reversion " phenomenon always.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by means of specific implementation.Those skilled in the art should be bright
, the described embodiments are merely helpful in understanding the present invention, should not be regarded as a specific limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion ", tool the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation
Body the following steps are included:
(1) by chromium-polluted soil, cow dung, stalk, iron-reducing bacterium and the sulfate reducing bacteria after ferrous sulfate restores
Mixed Microbes are 10:6:2:1 mixing in mass ratio, obtain mixture, wherein hexavalent chromium concentration is 80mg/kg in chromium-polluted soil,
The C/N of chromium-polluted soil is 10:1, and the partial size of cow dung is 10mm, C/N 20:1, and the partial size of stalk is 20mm, C/N 98:1,
The strain concentration ratio of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria is 1:2, and addition water is maintained at the moisture content of material in mixed process
60%, the C/N of the mixture is 20.84；
(2) mixture that step (1) obtains is heaped in situ on repairing place, surface covers degradable mulch and carries out
Anaerobic fermentation obtains fermentation heap body, wherein the height of fermentation heap body is 1m, controls fermentation heap temperature in 30-50 by turning
DEG C, control pH value is 6, is fermented 60 days；
(3) Bermuda grass chromium hyperaccumulative plant is planted on the fermentation heap body obtained to step (2).
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: being passed through 30 days anaerobic fermentations, is taken the soil sample of heap body different location to detect, sexavalence in soil
Chromium content can not detect Cr VI after 0.5-5mg/kg, 45 days in soil.After anaerobic fermentation 60 days, land smoothing is multiple
It ploughs, sows Bermuda grass seed, part germination after 3 days all grows after 7 days, and Bermuda grass is luxuriant after growth 45 days.This phenomenon
Illustrate, after the soil remediation after anaerobic fermentation, restores ecological functions substantially, and contain to Cr VI in soil after reparation
It is primary to measure detection every month, continues half a year, always without " brightness reversion " phenomenon.
Embodiment 2
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion ", tool the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation
Body the following steps are included:
(1) by chromium-polluted soil, cow dung, stalk, iron-reducing bacterium and the sulfate reducing bacteria after ferrous sulfate restores
Mixed Microbes are 10:6:3:2 mixing in mass ratio, obtain mixture, wherein hexavalent chromium concentration is 60mg/kg in chromium-polluted soil,
The C/N of chromium-polluted soil is 10:1, and the partial size of cow dung is 20mm, C/N 20:1, and the partial size of stalk is 30mm, C/N 98:1,
The strain concentration ratio of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria is 1:3, and addition water is maintained at the moisture content of material in mixed process
50%, the C/N of the mixture is 24.7；
(2) mixture that step (1) obtains is heaped in situ on repairing place, surface covers degradable mulch and carries out
Anaerobic fermentation obtains fermentation heap body, wherein the height of fermentation heap body is 1.2m, controls fermentation heap temperature in 30- by turning
50 DEG C, pH value control be 7, fermentation time 60 days；
(3) Conyza canadensis chromium hyperaccumulative plant is planted on the fermentation heap body obtained to step (2).
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: being passed through 30 days anaerobic fermentations, is taken the soil sample of heap body different location to detect, sexavalence in soil
Chromium content can not detect Cr VI after 0.5-3mg/kg, 45 days in soil.After anaerobic fermentation 60 days, land smoothing is multiple
It ploughs, sows Conyza canadensis seed, part germination after 3 days all grows after 7 days, and Conyza canadensis is luxuriant after growth 45 days.This phenomenon
Illustrate, after the soil remediation after anaerobic fermentation, restores ecological functions substantially, and contain to Cr VI in soil after reparation
It is primary to measure detection every month, continues half a year, always without " brightness reversion " phenomenon.
Embodiment 3
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion ", tool the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation
Body the following steps are included:
(1) by chromium-polluted soil, kitchen garbage, leaf, iron-reducing bacterium and the sulfate reducing bacteria after vulcanizing sodium reduction
Mixed Microbes be in mass ratio 10:8:4:2 mixing, obtain mixture, wherein in chromium-polluted soil hexavalent chromium concentration be 90mg/
Kg, the C/N of chromium-polluted soil are 10:1, and the partial size of kitchen garbage is 30mm, and C/N 15:1, the partial size of leaf is 30mm, C/N
For 60:1, the strain concentration ratio of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria is 1:1, and addition water makes the moisture content of material in mixed process
It is maintained at 80%；The C/N of the mixture is 20；
(2) mixture that step (1) obtains is heaped in situ on repairing place, surface covers degradable mulch and carries out
Anaerobic fermentation obtains fermentation heap body, wherein the height of fermentation heap body is 1.4m, controls fermentation heap temperature in 30- by turning
60 DEG C, pH value control be 8, fermentation time 90 days；
(3) emarginate amaranth herb or seed chromium hyperaccumulative plant is planted on the fermentation heap body obtained to step (2).
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: being passed through 30 days anaerobic fermentations, is taken the soil sample of heap body different location to detect, sexavalence in soil
Chromium content can not detect Cr VI after 0.5-3mg/kg, 45 days in soil.After anaerobic fermentation 90 days, land smoothing is multiple
It ploughs, sows emarginate amaranth herb or seed seed, part germination after 3 days all grows after 7 days, and emarginate amaranth herb or seed is luxuriant after growth 45 days.This phenomenon
Illustrate, after the soil remediation after anaerobic fermentation, restores ecological functions substantially, and contain to Cr VI in soil after reparation
It is primary to measure detection every month, continues half a year, always without " brightness reversion " phenomenon.
Embodiment 4
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion ", tool the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation
Body the following steps are included:
(1) also by chromium-polluted soil, municipal sludge, straw, iron-reducing bacterium and the sulfate after vulcanizing calcium reduction
The Mixed Microbes of opportunistic pathogen are 10:6:3:3 mixing in mass ratio, obtain mixture, wherein hexavalent chromium concentration is in chromium-polluted soil
40mg/kg, the C/N of chromium-polluted soil are 10:1, and the partial size of municipal sludge is 20mm, and the partial size of C/N 8:1, straw are
The strain concentration ratio of 50mm, C/N 70:1, iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria is 1:6, and addition water makes material in mixed process
Moisture content be maintained at 20%；The C/N of the mixture is 18；
(2) mixture that step (1) obtains is heaped in situ on repairing place, surface covers degradable mulch and carries out
Anaerobic fermentation obtains fermentation heap body, wherein the height of fermentation heap body is 0.2m, controls fermentation heap temperature in 30- by turning
60 DEG C, pH value control be 5, fermentation time 120 days；
(3) chenopodium glaucum linn chromium hyperaccumulative plant is planted on the fermentation heap body obtained to step (2).
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: being passed through 30 days anaerobic fermentations, is taken the soil sample of heap body different location to detect, sexavalence in soil
Chromium content can not detect Cr VI after 0.5-3mg/kg, 45 days in soil.After anaerobic fermentation 120 days, land smoothing is multiple
It ploughs, sows chenopodium glaucum linn seed, part germination after 3 days all grows after 7 days, and chenopodium glaucum linn is luxuriant after growth 45 days.This phenomenon
Illustrate, after the soil remediation after anaerobic fermentation, restores ecological functions substantially, and contain to Cr VI in soil after reparation
It is primary to measure detection every month, continues half a year, always without " brightness reversion " phenomenon.
Embodiment 5
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion ", tool the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation
Body the following steps are included:
(1) by chromium-polluted soil, cow dung, stalk, iron-reducing bacterium and the sulfate reducing bacteria after ferrous sulfate restores
Mixed Microbes are 6:8:4:2 mixing in mass ratio, obtain mixture, wherein hexavalent chromium concentration is 60mg/kg in chromium-polluted soil,
The C/N of chromium-polluted soil is 10:1, and the partial size of cow dung is 15mm, C/N 20:1, and the partial size of stalk is 25mm, C/N 98:1,
The strain concentration ratio of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria is 1:1.5, and addition water keeps the moisture content of material in mixed process
50%；The C/N of the mixture is 30.6；
(2) mixture that step (1) obtains is heaped in situ on repairing place, surface covers degradable mulch and carries out
Anaerobic fermentation obtains fermentation heap body, wherein the height of fermentation heap body is 1m, controls fermentation heap temperature in 35-60 by turning
DEG C, pH value control be 7, fermentation time 60 days；
(3) herba eleusines indicae chromium hyperaccumulative plant is planted on the fermentation heap body obtained to step (2).
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: being passed through 30 days anaerobic fermentations, is taken the soil sample of heap body different location to detect, sexavalence in soil
Chromium content can not detect Cr VI after 0.5-3mg/kg, 45 days in soil.After anaerobic fermentation 60 days, land smoothing is multiple
It ploughs, sows Cowhells grass seed, part germination after 3 days all grows after 7 days, and herba eleusines indicae is luxuriant after growth 45 days.This phenomenon
Illustrate, after the soil remediation after anaerobic fermentation, restores ecological functions substantially, and contain to Cr VI in soil after reparation
It is primary to measure detection every month, continues half a year, always without " brightness reversion " phenomenon.
Embodiment 6
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation, with
The difference of embodiment 2 is only that: the strain concentration ratio of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria is 1:8.
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: being passed through 30 days anaerobic fermentations, is taken the soil sample of heap body different location to detect, sexavalence in soil
Chromium content can not detect Cr VI after 20mg/kg, 60 days in soil.After anaerobic fermentation 60 days, land smoothing second ploughing,
Conyza canadensis seed is sowed, part germination after 3 days all grows after 7 days, and Conyza canadensis is luxuriant after growth 45 days.This phenomenon is said
It is bright, after the soil remediation after anaerobic fermentation, restore ecological functions substantially, and to the content of Cr VI in soil after reparation
Every month, detection was primary, continued half a year, always without " brightness reversion " phenomenon.
Embodiment 7
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation, with
The difference of embodiment 2 is only that: the strain concentration ratio of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria is 0.5:1.
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: being passed through 30 days anaerobic fermentations, is taken the soil sample of heap body different location to detect, sexavalence in soil
Chromium content can not detect Cr VI after 22mg/kg, 60 days in soil.After anaerobic fermentation 60 days, land smoothing second ploughing,
Conyza canadensis seed is sowed, part germination after 3 days all grows after 7 days, and Conyza canadensis is luxuriant after growth 45 days.This phenomenon is said
It is bright, after the soil remediation after anaerobic fermentation, restore ecological functions substantially, and to the content of Cr VI in soil after reparation
Every month, detection was primary, continued half a year, always without " brightness reversion " phenomenon.
Comparative example 1
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation, with
The difference of embodiment 2 is only that: not being inoculated with the Mixed Microbes of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria.
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: after repairing 30 days, the soil sample of heap body different location being taken to detect, Cr VI is flat in soil
Equal content is 50mg/kg, there is " brightness reversion " phenomenon, and after sowing Conyza canadensis seed 45 days, Conyza canadensis percentage of seedgermination is extremely low.
Comparative example 2
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation, with
The difference of embodiment 2 is: the Mixed Microbes of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria are replaced using single sulfate reducing bacteria.
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: after repairing 30 days, the soil sample of heap body different location being taken to detect, Cr VI is flat in soil
Equal content is 40mg/kg, there is " brightness reversion " phenomenon, and after sowing Conyza canadensis seed 45 days, Conyza canadensis percentage of seedgermination is lower.
Comparative example 3
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation, with
The difference of embodiment 2 is: the Mixed Microbes of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria are replaced using single iron-reducing bacterium.
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: after repairing 30 days, the soil sample of heap body different location being taken to detect, Cr VI is flat in soil
Equal content is 46mg/kg, there is " brightness reversion " phenomenon, and after sowing Conyza canadensis seed 45 days, Conyza canadensis percentage of seedgermination is lower.
Comparative example 4
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation, with
The difference of embodiment 2 is: replacing sulfate reducing bacteria using bacillus.
The content of Cr VI in regular sampling analysis soil.
Testing result is shown: after repairing 30 days, the soil sample of heap body different location being taken to detect, Cr VI is flat in soil
Equal content is 38mg/kg, there is " brightness reversion " phenomenon, and after sowing Conyza canadensis seed 45 days, Conyza canadensis percentage of seedgermination is lower.
Comparative example 5
Inhibit the application in " brightness reversion " the present invention provides a kind of soil-repairing agent and its after chromium-polluted soil reparation, with
The difference of embodiment 2 is: replacing iron-reducing bacterium using bacillus.
The content of Cr VI in after regular sampling analysis soil remediation.
Testing result is shown: after repairing 30 days, the soil sample of heap body different location being taken to detect, Cr VI is flat in soil
Equal content is 34mg/kg, there is " brightness reversion " phenomenon, and after sowing Conyza canadensis seed 45 days, Conyza canadensis percentage of seedgermination is lower.
From the data of embodiment it is found that administering " brightness reversion " after chromium-polluted soil is repaired using soil-repairing agent of the present invention
The problem of, effect is prominent.Pass through the reparation of certain time, soil restores ecological functions substantially, the soil after repairing 30 days
Middle content of 6-valence Cr ions is below 30mg/kg, and can not detect Cr VI in soil within 60 days after repair, also, to reparation after
Detection content every month of Cr VI is primary in soil, continues at least half a year, always without " brightness reversion " phenomenon.
Compared with Example 2, the Mixed Microbes of iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria, testing result are not inoculated in comparative example 1
The content of Cr VI is 50mg/kg in soil after display is repaired 30 days, and " brightness reversion " phenomenon is serious, after anaerobic fermentation 60 days, soil
Conyza canadensis seed is sowed in smooth second ploughing, and Conyza canadensis percentage of seedgermination is extremely low after 45 days.This illustrates to add iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate
The Mixed Microbes of reducing bacteria can effectively solve chromium-polluted soil after electronation Cr VI go up the problem of.
Compared with Example 2, it is only vaccinated with sulfate reducing bacteria in comparative example 2, iron reduction is only vaccinated in comparative example 3
Bacterium, testing result show that the renovation agent in comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 still distinguishes the content of Cr VI after soil remediation 30 days
Up to 40mg/kg and 46mg/kg, " brightness reversion " phenomenon is serious, and after sowing Conyza canadensis seed 45 days, Conyza canadensis germination percentage is lower,
This soil-repairing agent of explanation containing single sulfate reducing bacteria or single iron-reducing bacterium not can effectively solve Cr VI rise
The problem of, it is necessary to the two is cooperated, it is synergistic, it can be only achieved good repairing effect.
Compared with Example 2, in comparative example 4 using bacillus instead of sulfate reducing bacteria, bud is used in comparative example 5
Spore bacillus replaces iron-reducing bacterium, and testing result shows that the renovation agent in comparative example 4 and comparative example 5 is to after soil remediation 30 days six
The content of valence chromium remains to reach 38mg/kg and 34mg/kg, and " brightness reversion " phenomenon still exists, and the Conyza canadensis germination planted
Rate is lower, this explanation replace sulfate reducing bacteria or iron-reducing bacterium it is therein any one cannot reach good reparations and imitate
Fruit, the two is indispensable, synergistic, then by compound with organic solid castoff and organic conditioner, greatly improves
To the rejection ability of soil after reparation " brightness reversion ".
The Applicant declares that the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention not office
It is limited to this, it should be clear to those skilled in the art, any to belong to those skilled in the art and take off in the present invention
In the technical scope of dew, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, and all of which fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of soil-repairing agent, which is characterized in that the renovation agent includes organic solid castoff, organic conditioner and mixing
Bacterium；
The Mixed Microbes include iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria.
2. soil-repairing agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic solid castoff, organic conditioner
Mass ratio with Mixed Microbes is 100:(5-50): (1-50)；
Preferably, the inoculum concentration of the Mixed Microbes is 5-30%, preferably 10-20%；
Preferably, the strain concentration ratio of the iron-reducing bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria is 1:(1-6), preferably 1:(1.5-3).
3. soil-repairing agent according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the organic solid castoff is raw for city
In living sludge, fowl and animal excrement, kitchen garbage or mineralized waste any one or at least two combination；
Preferably, partial size≤30mm of the organic solid castoff, preferably≤20mm；
Preferably, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic solid castoff is (5-20): 1.
4. soil-repairing agent according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that organic conditioner be stalk,
In leaf, sawdust, straw or wheat bran any one or at least two combination；
Preferably, partial size≤50mm of organic conditioner, preferably≤30mm；
Preferably, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of organic conditioner is (60-120): 1.
5. soil-repairing agent according to claim 1-4 inhibits answering in " brightness reversion " after chromium-polluted soil reparation
With.
6. application according to claim 5, which is characterized in that it is described application the following steps are included:
(1) chromium-polluted soil of " brightness reversion " and soil-repairing agent according to any one of claims 1-4 mix after will be repaired,
Obtain mixture；
(2) mixture that step (1) obtains is fermented, obtains fermentation heap body；
(3) chromium hyperaccumulative plant is planted to the fermentation heap body that step (2) obtains.
7. application according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the pollution of chromium of " brightness reversion " after repaired described in step (1)
Soil is the soil of after ferrous sulfate, vulcanized sodium or calcium sulfide electronation " brightness reversion "；
Preferably, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the chromium-polluted soil of repaired rear " brightness reversion " described in step (1) is (4-15): 1；
Preferably, step (1) it is described it is repaired after " brightness reversion " chromium-polluted soil in content of 6-valence Cr ions in 30mg/kg or more；
Preferably, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixture described in step (1) is 15-40, preferably 20-30.
8. application according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that step (1) further include: added in the mixture
Water makes the moisture content 20-80% of material.
9. according to the described in any item applications of claim 6-8, which is characterized in that step (2) further include: in the fermentation heap body
Surface covers degradable mulch and carries out anaerobic fermentation；
Preferably, the time of step (2) described anaerobic fermentation is 30-120 days, preferably 60-90 days；
Preferably, the humidity of step (2) the fermentation heap body is 20-80%, preferably 40-60%；
Preferably, the depth of step (2) the fermentation heap body is 0.2-2m, preferably 0.6-1.4m；
Preferably, the temperature of step (2) the fermentation heap body is 20-60 DEG C, preferably 30-40 DEG C；
Preferably, the pH value of step (2) the fermentation heap body is 5-10, preferably 6-8.
10. according to the described in any item applications of claim 6-9, which is characterized in that the chromium hyperaccumulative plant is Festuca Arundinacea, dog
In root of the tooth, Conyza canadensis, emarginate amaranth herb or seed, chenopodium glaucum linn, herba eleusines indicae, indian rorippa herb or Amaranthus retroflexus any one or at least two combination.
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Application publication date: 20191203 |