CN110508820B - High-permeability copper infiltrated powder and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-permeability copper infiltrated powder and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium stearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 19
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 101000983970 Conus catus Alpha-conotoxin CIB Proteins 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000784732 Lycaena phlaeas Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F3/26—Impregnating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-permeability copper infiltration powder and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the high-permeability copper infiltration powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of Fe, 1-5% of Mn, 1-4% of Zn, 1-2% of Si, 0.3-1.5% of C and the balance of Cu, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1: proportioning according to the components of the copper infiltrated powder; step 2: putting the ingredients into a smelting furnace for smelting; and step 3: and (3) enabling the copper infiltrated solution melted in the step (2) to flow out from a nozzle leak hole, atomizing by using high-pressure water, condensing by using water to obtain water atomized copper infiltrated powder, dehydrating, reducing, crushing and grading the water atomized copper infiltrated powder, and adding a mixed additive to prepare the copper infiltrated powder. According to the invention, by adding a plurality of small amount of alloy elements, the sintering activity of the copper infiltrated powder is improved, and the density of the iron-based copper infiltrated product is improved, so that the overall performance of the product is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of powder metallurgy copper infiltration powder, in particular to high-permeability copper infiltration powder and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Powder metallurgy is a process technique for preparing metal powder or using metal powder (or a mixture of metal powder and nonmetal powder) as a raw material, forming, and then placing on an iron-based green compact to perform infiltration sintering to manufacture metal materials, composite materials and various products.
The water atomization production of the copper infiltration powder is used in the powder metallurgy copper infiltration industry, overcomes the defects of high production cost, low material infiltration rate, non-uniform infiltration, more residues, difficult cleaning and the like of the traditional smelting technology, obviously improves the extremely harsh requirements of the traditional smelting technology on the performance of iron-based parts, and simultaneously has good physical and mechanical properties, thereby being widely applied to various fields of machinery, hardware, steam friction power distributors and the like. The sintered infiltration iron-based product has high mechanical property and abrasion resistance, and can thoroughly solve the problems of density and mechanical property of the powder metallurgy product, thereby having wide application prospect.
However, the copper infiltration powder in the current market has the problems of low permeability, large density fluctuation, more and more residues and difficult cleaning, and the like during copper infiltration sintering, so that the mechanical property and the wear resistance are poor. When a copper-infiltrated iron-based product with good mechanical property and wear resistance is needed, a high-density iron-based green body is formed by powder metallurgy, the copper infiltration amount is increased, only one layer of copper is sintered and infiltrated, and finally, the problem of surface residue needs to be improved by machining, so that the excellent performance of the copper-infiltrated iron-based material can be achieved. Most of domestic powder metallurgy product factories cannot accept expensive cost and complex procedures, and cannot produce qualified copper-infiltrated iron-based products in large scale, so that the capacity of producing high-density iron-based powder metallurgy products is limited. How to sinter the iron-based copper infiltrated to obtain the high-density powder metallurgy iron-based product at low production cost is a major problem at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the high-infiltration-rate copper-infiltrated powder with good formability and the manufacturing method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following modes:
1. a high-permeability copper-infiltrated powder is characterized in that: the high-permeability copper infiltration powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of Fe, 1-5% of Mn, 1-4% of Zn, 1-2% of Si, 0.3-1.5% of C and the balance of Cu.
2. A high-infiltration rate copper-infiltrated powder is characterized in that: the chemical composition of the high-permeability copper infiltration powder is preferably as follows in percentage by weight: 2-4% of Fe, 2-4% of Mn, 2-4% of Zn, 1-1.2% of Si, 0.5-1.2% of C and the balance of Cu.
A manufacturing method of high-permeability copper infiltration powder is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: proportioning according to the components of the high-permeability copper-infiltrated powder;
step 2: putting the ingredients into a smelting furnace for smelting;
and 3, step 3: and (3) enabling the copper infiltrated solution melted in the step (2) to flow out from a nozzle leak hole, atomizing by using high-pressure water, condensing by using water to obtain water atomized copper infiltrated powder, dehydrating, reducing, crushing and grading the water atomized copper infiltrated powder, and adding a mixed additive to prepare the copper infiltrated powder. According to the invention, by adding a plurality of small amount of alloy elements, the sintering activity of the copper infiltrated powder is improved, and the density of the iron-based copper infiltrated product is improved, so that the overall performance of the product is improved.
Further, the mixed additive accounts for 2-3% of the mass of the water atomized copper infiltrated powder.
Further, the mixed additive is two of the following: green reinforcing agent, wax powder, super lubricant, lithium stearate and zinc stearate.
Further, in the step 3, the high-pressure water pressure is 12-20Mpa.
Further, in the step 3, the apparent density of the water atomized copper infiltrated powder is 3.0 to 3.6g/cm < 3 >.
Further, in the step 3, the copper infiltrated powder is pressed and formed under the pressure of 100-500 MPa; the pressed compact is placed on an iron-based product and sintered and infiltrated into a high-density product in hydrogen or decomposed ammonia atmosphere or vacuum with the dew point of-45 to-50 ℃, and the sintering temperature is 1080 to 1150 ℃.
Further, in the step 3, the copper infiltration powder is pre-alloy powder or a mixture of metal powders with different components; the copper infiltrated powder and the-200-mesh green reinforcing agent are stirred by a mixer with a stirring mechanism, so that the green reinforcing agent is completely bonded on the copper infiltrated powder particles, and the formability of the copper infiltrated powder can be improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the sintering activity of the copper infiltrated powder is improved, the density of the iron-based copper infiltrated product is improved, the production cost is low, the permeability is high, the density of the copper infiltrated iron-based is uniform, no residue is generated, and the overall performance of the product is improved. The sintered infiltration iron-based product has high mechanical property and abrasion resistance, and can thoroughly solve the problems of density and mechanical property of the powder metallurgy product, thereby having wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of specific examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples, and that any changes and/or modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention.
A high-infiltration rate copper-infiltrated powder is characterized in that: the high-permeability copper infiltration powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of Fe, 1-5% of Mn, 1-4% of Zn, 1-2% of Si, 0.3-1.5% of C and the balance of Cu.
A high-infiltration rate copper-infiltrated powder is characterized in that: the chemical composition of the high-permeability copper infiltration powder is preferably as follows in percentage by weight: 2-4% of Fe, 2-4% of Mn, 2-4% of Zn, 1-1.2% of Si, 0.5-1.2% of C and the balance of Cu.
A manufacturing method of high-permeability copper infiltration powder is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: proportioning the components of the copper-infiltrated powder with high infiltration rate;
step 2: putting the ingredients into a smelting furnace for smelting;
and step 3: and (3) enabling the copper infiltrated solution melted in the step (2) to flow out from a nozzle leak hole, atomizing by using high-pressure water of 12-20MPa, and condensing by using water to obtain water atomized copper infiltrated powder, wherein the apparent density of the water atomized copper infiltrated powder is as follows: 3.0-3.6g/cm 3 Carrying out dehydration, reduction, crushing and grading on the water atomized copper infiltrated powder, and adding a mixed additive to prepare the copper infiltrated powder, wherein the mixed additive accounts for 2-3% of the mass of the water atomized copper infiltrated powder, and the copper infiltrated powder is pressed and formed under the pressure of 100-500 MPa; the pressed compact is placed on an iron-based product and sintered and infiltrated into a high-density product in a hydrogen or decomposed ammonia atmosphere or vacuum with the dew point of-45 to-50 ℃, and the sintering temperature is 1080 to 1150 ℃.
The mixed additive of the invention comprises two of the following components: green reinforcing agent, wax powder, super lubricant, lithium stearate and zinc stearate. The mixed additive can inhibit the loose packing density of the powder, improve the formability and improve the flow rate of the powder so as to ensure stable and uniform products.
The copper infiltrated powder is pre-alloyed powder or a mixture of metal powder with various components; the copper infiltrated powder and the-200-mesh green reinforcing agent are stirred by a mixer with a stirring mechanism, so that the green reinforcing agent is completely bonded on the copper infiltrated powder particles, and the formability of the copper infiltrated powder can be improved.
The copper infiltrated powder can be pre-alloy powder or a mixture of metal powder with various components; and pressing the copper infiltrated powder on the iron base for infiltration to form a residue-free high-density product.
The addition of Fe, mn, zn and other elements can improve the permeability of the iron-based copper infiltration, and simultaneously can improve the mechanical property and the wear resistance.
The addition of Fe increases the viscosity of the copper infiltration powder, reduces the activity of a solution, and improves the compactness of a product under the same sintered iron-based copper infiltration condition with the market copper infiltration powder; fe is added in the form of smelting prealloy; the preferred range of Fe in the infiltrated powder is 2-4%.
The addition of Mn not only plays a role in deoxidizing in the copper infiltration process so as to improve the affinity of the copper infiltration piece and the iron base and improve the copper infiltration efficiency, but also greatly improves the densification effect of Fe on copper infiltration powder sintering copper infiltration, and greatly improves the strength, wherein the preferable range is 2-4%; in this case, the preferable range of Fe content is 3-4%; c can be added in a mixed mode to improve the hardness of the copper infiltrated iron-based product, and the preferable range is as follows: 0.5 to 1.2 percent
The addition of Zn in the invention mainly improves the infiltration activity in the copper infiltration process, and particularly, the Zn is matched with Fe and Mn elements to easily realize the stability of iron-based copper infiltration, the infiltration is smooth, the density is stable, and the preferable range is as follows: 2 to 4 percent.
The Si is added to form an integral slagging layer separated from the matrix on the surface of the iron-based copper infiltrated surface, so that the cleaning is convenient.
The copper infiltration powder is used in the aspect of powder metallurgy iron-based copper infiltration, and under the same condition, the density of the finished product of the iron-based sintered copper infiltration is greatly improved compared with that of the finished product of the common copper infiltration powder sintered copper infiltration, no residue is left, the cleaning is easy, the using process is simple, the cost is low, and the performance is excellent.
Example 1
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe 2%, zn 2%, mn 2%, C0.5%, si 1% and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed, and the method comprises the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 12Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate, the proportion is 1%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Example 2
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe 2%, zn 2%, mn 2%, C0.5%, si 1% and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed according to the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 15Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate, the proportion is 1%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Example 3
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe 2%, zn 2%, mn 2%, C0.5%, si 1%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed according to the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate, the proportion is 1%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Comparative example 4
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe 2%, zn 2%, mn 2%, C0.5%, si 1% and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed according to the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 20Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate, the proportion is 1%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Comparative example 5
For the present invention, a comparison was made with water atomized copper infiltrated powder.
The particle size distribution, apparent density and flow rate of the copper infiltrated powder of examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the invention are shown in the table 1:
table 1 is a table comparing the particle size distribution, apparent density and flow rate of the copper infiltrated powders of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 5 of the present invention
As can be known from Table 1, the particle size distribution of the copper infiltrated powder in the embodiment 1 is too coarse, the problem of large pores can occur in the use process, the particle size distribution of the copper infiltrated powder in the embodiment 2 is too coarse, the problem of large pores can occur in the use process, the particle size distribution, the apparent density and the flow rate of the embodiment 3 all accord with the actual production requirement, the powder in the embodiment 4 is too fine, the apparent density is high, the formability is influenced, the flow rate is slow, the product stability is influenced, the comparative example 5 accords with the actual production requirement, so the practicality of the copper infiltrated powder in the embodiment 3 is better than that of the copper infiltrated powder in the comparative example 5
The copper infiltrated powders of examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the present invention were compared for formability, flowability and stability as shown in Table 2:
table 2 shows the results of the tests of the formability, flowability and stability of the copper infiltrated powders of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 5 of the present invention
From table 2, it is known that the formability, fluidity and stability of the conventional copper infiltrated powder can be achieved and exceeded by using a water pressure of 18MPa in the production process to produce the copper infiltrated powder.
Example 6
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe 2%, zn 2%, mn 2%, C0.5%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed, and the method comprises the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate according to the proportion of 1.2%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Example 7
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe 2%, zn 2%, mn 2%, C0.5%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed, and the method comprises the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate according to the proportion of 1.5%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Example 8
A high-permeability copper-infiltrated powder and a manufacturing method thereof comprise the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe 2%, zn 2%, mn 2%, C0.5%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed according to the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate according to the proportion of 1.8%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Comparison of the ease of cleaning the surface residue after iron-based copper infiltration of the copper infiltrated powder of examples 3, 6, 7, 8, and 5 of the present invention is shown in table 3:
table 3 shows the comparison of the difficulty of cleaning the surface residue after iron-base copper infiltration of the copper infiltrated powders of examples 3, 6 to 8 and comparative example 5 of the present invention
| Item | Example 3 | Example 6 | Example 7 | Example 8 | Comparative example 5 |
| Residue cleaning | Is preferably used | Good taste | Is preferably used | Difference between | Is preferably used |
From Table 3, it is found that example 6 can achieve and exceed the residue cleaning effect of the conventional copper-infiltrated powder by iron-based copper infiltration under the same conditions. Therefore, the problem of iron-based copper infiltration residues can be thoroughly solved by adding 1.2% of silicon powder, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.
Example 9
A high-permeability copper-infiltrated powder and a manufacturing method thereof comprise the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe3%, zn 2%, mn 2%, C0.5%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed, and the method comprises the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate, the proportion is 1.2%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Example 10
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: 4% of Fe, 2% of Zn, 2% of Mn, 0.5% of C, 1.2% of Si and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed according to the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate according to the proportion of 1.2%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Comparison of the corrosion and adhesion of the surface after iron-base copper infiltration of the copper infiltrated powders of examples 6, 9, 10 and 5 of the present invention, as shown in Table 4:
table 4 shows a comparison of the corrosion or adhesion of the surface after the iron-based copper infiltration of the copper infiltrated powders of example 6, examples 9 to 10, and comparative example 5 according to the present invention,
| item | Example 6 | Example 9 | Example 10 | Comparative example 5 |
| Surface condition of the surface | Etching of | Good taste | Adhesion of the components | Is preferably used |
From table 4, it is seen that example 9 can achieve and exceed the residue cleaning effect of the conventional copper infiltrated powder under the same conditions of iron-based copper infiltration. Therefore, the corrosion or adhesion condition of the iron-based copper-infiltrated surface can be thoroughly solved under the condition that the iron content is 3 percent, and the quality of the iron-based copper-infiltrated product is effectively ensured.
Example 11
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe3%, zn3%, mn 2%, C0.5%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed according to the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder C powder and zinc stearate in the proportion of 1.2%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Example 12
A high-permeability copper-infiltrated powder and a manufacturing method thereof comprise the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe3%, zn 4%, mn 2%, C0.5%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed, and the method comprises the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate according to the proportion of 1.2%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
The iron-based copper infiltration of the copper-infiltrated powders of examples 9, 11, 12, and 5 according to the present invention were compared for corrosion and adhesion, as shown in Table 5:
table 5 shows the comparison of the surface color, product density and stability of the iron-base infiltrated copper powder of examples 9, 11 to 12 and comparative example 5 of the present invention
| Item | Example 9 | Example 11 | Example 12 | Comparative example 5 |
| Surface color | Good taste | Good taste | Difference between | Good taste |
| Density of the product | 7.71-7.88 | 7.85-7.90 | 7.82-7.89 | 7.68-7.78 |
| Product Density stability | Difference (D) | Good taste | Good taste | Is better |
From table 5, it can be seen that example 11 can achieve and exceed the copper infiltration stability of conventional copper infiltrated powder by iron-based copper infiltration under the same conditions. Therefore, the problems of the surface color condition of the iron-based copper infiltration, the product density and the product density stability can be thoroughly solved under the condition that the Zn content is 3 percent, and the quality of the iron-based copper infiltration product is effectively ensured.
Example 13
A high-permeability copper-infiltrated powder and a manufacturing method thereof comprise the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe3%, zn3%, mn3%, C0.5%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed according to the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate, the proportion is 1.2%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Example 14
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe3%, zn3%, mn 4%, C0.5%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed according to the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate according to the proportion of 1.2%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively.
Table 6 shows the comparison of the efficiency in the iron-based copper infiltration process of the copper infiltrated powders of example 11, examples 13-14 and comparative example 5 of the present invention
| Item | Example 11 | Example 13 | Example 14 | Comparative example 5 |
| Copper infiltration time | 72min | 65min | 65min | 68min |
| Copper infiltration efficiency | Is low in | Good taste | Good taste | Is preferably used |
From Table 6, it is found that the copper impregnation efficiency of the iron-based copper impregnated powders of examples 13 and 14 can be improved over that of the conventional copper impregnated powders under the same conditions. Therefore, the iron-based copper infiltration efficiency can be effectively improved under the condition that the Mn content is 3-4%, the production efficiency is effectively improved, and resources are saved.
Example 15
A high-permeability copper-infiltrated powder and a manufacturing method thereof comprise the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe3%, zn3%, mn3%, C0.8%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed, and the method comprises the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate according to the proportion of 1.2%, 0.8% and 0.5% respectively.
Example 16
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe3%, zn3%, mn3%, C1.2%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed, and the method comprises the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingots, manganese powder, tin ingots, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate, the proportion is 1.2%, 1.2% and 0.5% respectively.
Example 17
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe3%, zn3%, mn 4%, C0.8%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed, and the method comprises the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder and zinc stearate at the ratio of 1.2%, 0.8% and 0.5%.
Example 18
A high-infiltration copper powder and its manufacturing method, including the following steps: the smelting alloy comprises the following components: fe3%, zn3%, mn 4%, C1.2%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper; the ingredients required by alloy design are mixed, and the method comprises the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingots, manganese powder, tin ingots, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate according to the proportion of 1.2%, 1.2% and 0.5% respectively.
Table 7 shows the comparison of the surface condition and hardness of the products obtained in the iron-based copper infiltration process of the copper infiltrated powders of examples 13 to 18 and comparative example 5 of the present invention
From Table 7, it is found that the hardness of the iron-based copper-infiltrated powder in examples 15 and 17 can be increased to or beyond that of the conventional copper-infiltrated powder under the same conditions. Therefore, under the conditions that the Mn content is 3-4% and the C content is 0.8%, the hardness of the iron-based copper infiltrated steel can be effectively improved, and the product quality is effectively ensured.
By combining the above examples and comparative examples, several groups with better effects were selected for comparison of comprehensive properties:
table 8 shows the overall performance of copper infiltrated powder-formed copper infiltrated sheets of examples 3, 6, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, and 5 of the present invention stacked for 6 layers of iron-based copper infiltration, sintered at 1120 ℃ in a mesh belt furnace, and subjected to copper infiltration for a total of 3 hours
From Table 8, it can be seen that the combined properties of example 15 exceed those of the conventional commercial powder for iron-based brazing under the same conditions. Thus obtaining the components needed by alloy design to prepare the alloy under the conditions of Fe3%, mn3%, zn3%, C0.8%, si1.2% and the balance of copper, and the method comprises the following steps: pure iron, zinc ingot, manganese powder, etc.; putting various materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, and performing deoxidation and deslagging after the materials are molten; atomizing by adopting a water nozzle under the water pressure of 18Mpa, and dehydrating, reducing, crushing and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the prealloyed copper-infiltrated powder. Mixing additives, adding Si powder, C powder and zinc stearate according to the proportion of 1.2%, 0.8% and 0.5% respectively. The production efficiency can be effectively improved, and the product quality can be effectively ensured.
The copper infiltrated powder pressed compacts of examples 1 to 18 and comparative example 5 of the invention were sintered in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed atmosphere with a dew point of-45 ℃ to-50 ℃ by iron-based copper infiltration; the sintering temperature of the mesh belt sintering furnace is 1120 ℃, and the total time is 3h; in order to facilitate visual contrast performance, GB/T1479.1-2011 is adopted to detect the apparent density of the copper infiltrated powder; detecting the particle size distribution of the copper infiltrated powder by GB 5157-85; detecting the formability by GB/T6804-2002; detecting the density of the product by GB/T5163; and GB/T230 is adopted to detect the hardness of the product.
The above examples are only for illustrating the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can modify or modify the methods described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. A manufacturing method of high-permeability copper infiltration powder is characterized in that: the high-permeability copper infiltration powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: fe3%, mn3%, zn3%, C0.8%, si1.2%, and the balance of copper;
the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
step 1: proportioning the components of the copper-infiltrated powder with high infiltration rate;
and 2, step: putting the ingredients into a smelting furnace for smelting;
and 3, step 3: enabling the copper infiltrated solution melted in the step 2 to flow out of a nozzle leak hole, atomizing by using high-pressure water, condensing by using water to obtain water atomized copper infiltrated powder, dehydrating, reducing, crushing and grading the water atomized copper infiltrated powder, and adding a mixed additive to prepare the copper infiltrated powder;
in the step 3, the apparent density of the water atomized copper infiltrated powder is 3.0 to 3.6g/cm 3 ；
In the step 3, the high-pressure water pressure is 18Mpa;
in the step 3, the copper infiltrated powder is pressed and formed under the pressure of 100-500 MPa; placing the pressed compact on an iron-based product, sintering and infiltrating the pressed compact into a high-density product in a hydrogen or decomposed ammonia atmosphere or vacuum with the dew point of-45 to-50 ℃, wherein the sintering temperature is 1120 ℃, and the total time is 3 hours; in the step 3, the copper infiltration powder is pre-alloy powder or a mixture of a plurality of metal powders with different components; the copper infiltrated powder and the-200-mesh green reinforcing agent are stirred by a mixer with a stirring mechanism, so that the green reinforcing agent is completely bonded on the copper infiltrated powder particles, and the formability of the copper infiltrated powder can be improved.
2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixed additive accounts for 2-3% of the mass of the water atomized copper infiltrated powder.
3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixed additive comprises two of the following components: green reinforcing agent, wax powder, super lubricant, lithium stearate and zinc stearate.
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