CN1332055C - Stainless steel powder composite material and its warm-pressing method - Google Patents
Stainless steel powder composite material and its warm-pressing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1332055C CN1332055C CNB2005100341187A CN200510034118A CN1332055C CN 1332055 C CN1332055 C CN 1332055C CN B2005100341187 A CNB2005100341187 A CN B2005100341187A CN 200510034118 A CN200510034118 A CN 200510034118A CN 1332055 C CN1332055 C CN 1332055C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a stainless steel powder composite material capable of hardening by precipitation and a warm-pressing method of the stainless steel powder composite material. The powder material has the following components and quality percent content ranges: 0.02 to 0.07% of carbon, 15.0 to 17.5% of chromium, 3.0 to 5.0% of nickel, 3.0 to 5.0% of copper, 0 to 0.6% of manganese, 0.15 to 0.45% of niobium, 0 to 0.1% of molybdenum, iron and unavoidable impurity elements as the rest. In addition, 0 to 10% of niobium carbide granules and 0.1 to 0.3% of lubricant according to the component total quality are added. The method sprays EBS wax powder onto the inner cavity of a mould by an electrostatic painting method to be used for lubricating the mould wall; the coating thickness is from 0.01 to 0.1mm. The green density formed by warm-pressing is enhanced by 0.15 to 0.25 g/cm<3> than that of cold pressing; the green strength is enhanced by 6.2 to 15% than that of cold pressing. The present invention has the characteristics of high density, low cost, easy control of operation, and difficult lamination crack appearance of green compact, and is capable of enhancing the green density and strength of stainless steel powder composite material parts in large amplitude. The present invention can be widely used for manufacturing parts of industries, such as engineering machinery, automobiles, chemical industry, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to powder metallurgy technology, specifically be meant a kind of manufacturing high-density high-strength powder metallurgical part stainless steel powder composite material and warm-pressing method thereof.
Background technology
The advantage of producing stainless steel components with the prior powder metallurgy method is to produce end form or nearly end form powdered metal parts with lower cost, can realize few no machining, and that shortcoming is a parts density is not high, and corrosion resistance nature and mechanical property are relatively low.Though compacting of static pressure such as employing and injection forming part density are higher, because complex process makes its application restricted greatly thereby cost is expensive.Nineteen nineties succeeds in developing and the temperature and pressure technology of suitability for industrialized production, has both overcome the low shortcoming of parts density, possesses advantage cheaply again, is the powder metallurgy modern technique that recent development is got up.At present, the technology relevant with the powder temperature and pressure is more, mainly contains Sweden HOEGANAES company, U.S. NORTH AMERICAHOEGANAES company and Canadian QMP METAL POWDERS company etc.Yet, above-mentioned powder temperature and pressure mainly are based on straight iron powder or part prealloy powder or iron-based powder, and for the warm-pressing method of powder of stainless steel, people such as Xiao Zhiyu are once at Transaction of Nonferrous Metals Society ofChina (China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica proceedings), 2004, studied 304L in 14 (4) the 756th～761 pages of " Warm compactingbehavior of stainless steel powders (the temperature and pressure behavior of powder of stainless steel) " literary compositions, 316L, 410L, the stainless temperature and pressure of 430L only limit to ferrite, austenite and martensite type stainless steel.Do not see any report about the temperature and pressure of PH Stainless Steel particulate composite.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned prior art weak point, particularly colding pressing at tradition, the plasticity of compacting PH Stainless Steel and composite powder thereof is relatively poor, green density is lower, the shortcoming of green strength difference, provides a kind of high-density, high green strength, low cost, easy controlled operation, green compact not to be prone to the PH Stainless Steel particulate composite and the warm-pressing method thereof of slabbing.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following measure:
A kind of composite material component and mass percentage content scope thereof of precipitation-hardenable type powder of stainless steel are as follows: 0.02～0.07% carbon, 15.0～17.5% chromium, 3.0～5.0% nickel, 3.0～5.0% copper, 0～0.6% manganese, 0.15～0.45% niobium, 0～0.1% molybdenum, all the other are iron and unavoidable impurities element; Adding by above-mentioned component total mass 5～10%, granularity in addition is niobium carbide and 0.1～0.3% lubricant of 1～3 μ m, and lubricant is meant lithium stearate, long chain fatty acids amides or their mixture.
The temperature and pressure of above-mentioned stainless steel powder composite material, comprise mixed powder, heating, pressing process, it is characterized in that, prepare burden by following component and mass percentage content scope thereof: 0.02～0.07% carbon, 15.0～17.5% chromium, 3.0～5.0% nickel, 3.0～5.0% copper, 0～0.6% manganese, 0.15～0.45% niobium, 0～0.1% molybdenum, all the other are iron and unavoidable impurities element; Adding by above-mentioned component total mass 5～10%, granularity in addition is niobium carbide and 0.1～0.3% lubricant of 1～3 μ m; The temperature and pressure of matrix material have adopted die wall lubrication technology, specifically are to adopt electrostatic spraying that EBS wax powder is sprayed at dies cavity, and coat-thickness is 0.01～0.1mm; The powder Heating temperature is 80～130 ℃, and the mold heated temperature is 80～110 ℃.
The present invention compared with prior art has following outstanding advantage:
1, the present invention successfully is applied to the shaping of PH Stainless Steel powder and composite powder thereof with powder metallurgy warm-pressing technology, has realized that the low-cost high-density of PH Stainless Steel powder and composite powder thereof is shaped.
2, the present invention evenly is sprayed at the mould inner wall face with lubricant, can reduce the addition of lubricant in the powder, thereby can improve the green density and the green strength of powdered metal parts effectively, reduce stainless steel components causes scrap rate in the handling process because of density is low increase.
3, the present invention is used for warm-pressing technology the shaping of the stainless steel powder composite material of precipitation-hardenable first, has solved the plasticity of stainless steel powder composite material and the problem of compressibility difference.Stainless steel powder composite material is temperature and pressure under 500～800MPa pressure, and green density is than the routine high 0.15～0.25g/cm of green density that colds pressing
3, the green strength ratio is colded pressing and is improved 6.2～15%, and slabbing does not appear in green compact simultaneously.
4, the present invention can realize that the near whole high-density of PH Stainless Steel powder and composite material parts thereof is shaped, technology is simple, practicality is good, can be used for high-performance, the corrosion-resistant structural parts of industries such as manufacturing machine, automobile, chemical industry, has good and wide suitability for industrialized production prospect.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described by following embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The component of PH Stainless Steel powder and mass percentage content scope thereof are as follows: 0.038% carbon, 16.2% chromium, 4.6% nickel, 4.6% copper, 0.55% manganese, 0.30% niobium, 0.09% molybdenum, 73.62% iron and unavoidable impurities are elementary composition.The granularity of powder of stainless steel is≤74 μ m.
Add the lubricant by above-mentioned component total mass 0.2% in addition again, lubricant is a long chain fatty acids amides.The powder of stainless steel that will contain lubricant mixed 15 minutes on the V-type mixer, and was preheating to 100 ℃.Adopt electrostatic spraying that EBS wax is sprayed at dies cavity, coat-thickness is 0.05mm, and with mold heated to 80 ℃.Then with powder packing in mould and can the results are as follows: temperature and pressure green density 5.97g/cm under the 500MPa at temperature and pressure under the different unit pressures
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.20g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green density 6.18g/cm under the 600MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.21g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green density 6.38g/cm under the 700MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.22g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green density 6.56g/cm under the 800MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.22g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green strength 13.7MPa under the 500MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 15%; Temperature and pressure green strength 19.4MPa under the 600MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 8%; Temperature and pressure green strength 23.8MPa under the 700MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 9.2%; Temperature and pressure green strength 27.3MPa under the 800MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 6.2%.
Embodiment 2
The component of stainless steel powder composite material and mass percentage content scope thereof are as follows: 0.047% carbon, 17.03% chromium, 4.02% nickel, 3.97% copper, 0.37% niobium, 74.56% iron; The granularity of powder of stainless steel is≤74 μ m.Adding by above-mentioned component total mass 10%, granularity in addition is the niobium carbide of 2.5 μ m and 0.3% lubricant.Lubricant is by lithium stearate: the mixture of the proportioning preparation of long chain fatty acids amides=20: 80 (mass ratio).The stainless steel composite material powder that will contain lubricant mixed 50 minutes on the V-type mixer, and was preheating to 130 ℃.Adopt electrostatic spraying that EBS wax is sprayed at dies cavity, coat-thickness is 0.03mm, and with mold heated to 110 ℃.Then with powder packing temperature and pressure in mould and under different unit pressures, can the results are as follows: temperature and pressure green density 5.90g/cm under the 500MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.15g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green density 6.12g/cm under the 600MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.17g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green density 6.32g/cm under the 700MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.19g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green density 6.52g/cm under the 800MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.20g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green strength 12.SMPa under the 500MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 12%; Temperature and pressure green strength 14.3Mpa under the 600MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 7.2%; Temperature and pressure green strength 18.5Mpa under the 700MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 7.0%; Temperature and pressure green strength 22.6MPa under the 800MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 6.5%.
Embodiment 3
The component of stainless steel powder composite material and mass percentage content scope thereof are as follows: 0.047% carbon, 17.03% chromium, 4.02% nickel, 3.97% copper, 0.37% niobium, 74.56% iron; The granularity of powder of stainless steel is≤74 μ m.Adding by above-mentioned component total mass 5%, granularity in addition is the particles of niobium carbide of 3 μ m and 0.1% lubricant.Lubricant is a lithium stearate.The stainless steel powder composite material that will contain lubricant mixed 60 minutes on the V-type mixer, and was preheating to 80 ℃.Adopt electrostatic spraying that EBS wax is sprayed at dies cavity, coat-thickness is 0.1mm, and with mold heated to 100 ℃.Then with powder packing temperature and pressure in mould and under different unit pressures, can the results are as follows: temperature and pressure green density 5.94g/cm under the 500MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.18g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green density 6.15g/cm under the 600MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.20g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green density 6.35g/cm under the 700MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.21g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green density 6.54g/cm under the 800MPa
3, cold pressing than tradition and to improve 0.21g/cm
3Temperature and pressure green strength 13.0MPa under the 500MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 13%; Temperature and pressure green strength 16.2MPa under the 600MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 7.6%; Temperature and pressure green strength 19.8Mpa under the 700MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 8.2%; Temperature and pressure green strength 24.5MPa under the 800MPa colds pressing than tradition and to improve 6.4%.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of stainless steel powder composite material, it is characterized in that, the composite material component and the mass percentage content scope thereof of precipitation-hardenable type powder of stainless steel are as follows: 0.02～0.07% carbon, 15.0～17.5% chromium, 3.0～5.0% nickel, 3.0～5.0% copper, 0～0.6% manganese, 0.15～0.45% niobium, 0～0.1% molybdenum, all the other are iron and unavoidable impurities element; Adding by above-mentioned component total mass 5～10%, granularity in addition is niobium carbide and 0.1～0.3% lubricant of 1～3 μ m, and lubricant is meant lithium stearate, long chain fatty acids amides or their mixture.
2, a kind of warm-pressing method of stainless steel powder composite material, comprise mixed powder, heating, pressing process, it is characterized in that, prepare burden by following component and mass percentage content scope thereof: 0.02～0.07% carbon, 15.0～17.5% chromium, 3.0～5.0% nickel, 3.0～5.0% copper, 0～0.6% manganese, 0.15～0.45% niobium, 0～0.1% molybdenum, all the other are iron and unavoidable impurities element; Adding by above-mentioned component total mass 5～10%, granularity in addition is niobium carbide and 0.1～0.3% lubricant of 1～3 μ m; The temperature and pressure of matrix material have adopted die wall lubrication technology, specifically are to adopt electrostatic spraying that EBS wax powder is sprayed at dies cavity, and coat-thickness is 0.01～0.1mm; The powder Heating temperature is 80～130 ℃, and the mold heated temperature is 80～110 ℃.
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| CN102660709A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-09-12 | 邓湘凌 | High-strength wear-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103540861A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-29 | 芜湖市鸿坤汽车零部件有限公司 | Powder metallurgy bearing protection bracket and preparation method thereof |
| CN103556072A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-02-05 | 芜湖市鸿坤汽车零部件有限公司 | Chromium-containing powder metallurgy alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103714200A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-04-09 | 华南理工大学 | Specimen size design method for ultrasonic and tension-compression fatigue test of iron-based powder metallurgical material |
| CN104550923A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-29 | 铜陵市经纬流体科技有限公司 | Iron-base powder metallurgy material for high temperature environment valve and preparation method of iron-base powder metallurgy material |
| CN105478741A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-13 | 芜湖市鸿坤汽车零部件有限公司 | Method for preparing automobilelongitudinal memberby powder metallurgy process |
| CN105478782A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-13 | 芜湖市鸿坤汽车零部件有限公司 | Preparation method of automobile frame crossbeam through powder metallurgy |
| CN106735266B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-04-19 | 中南大学 | The preparation method of increasing material manufacturing powder of stainless steel, stainless steel and the stainless steel |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1318002A (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2001-10-17 | 赫加奈斯公司 | Warm compaction of steel powders |
| US6712873B2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-03-30 | Höganäs Ab | Warm compaction of steel powders |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1318002A (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2001-10-17 | 赫加奈斯公司 | Warm compaction of steel powders |
| US6712873B2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-03-30 | Höganäs Ab | Warm compaction of steel powders |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 粉末冶金高致密化的新途径 肖志瑜，陈平，李元元，材料导报，第17卷第11期 2003 * |
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Assignee: Foshan Dongpu Electric Appliance Co. Ltd Assignor: South China University of Technology Contract fulfillment period: 2007.12.18 to 2013.12.17 contract change Contract record no.: 2009990000565 Denomination of invention: Stainless steel powder composite material and its warm-pressing method Granted publication date: 20070815 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.5.27 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2007.12.18 TO 2013.12.17; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: FUSHAN CITY DONGPU ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES CO., LTD. Effective date: 20090527 |
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