CN1660527A - Warm press forming method in high density and low temperature for powder of stainless steel - Google Patents
Warm press forming method in high density and low temperature for powder of stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN1660527A CN1660527A CN 200510032920 CN200510032920A CN1660527A CN 1660527 A CN1660527 A CN 1660527A CN 200510032920 CN200510032920 CN 200510032920 CN 200510032920 A CN200510032920 A CN 200510032920A CN 1660527 A CN1660527 A CN 1660527A
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Abstract
A low-temp pressing technology for manufacturing high-density stainless steel part by power metallurgy of stainless steel powder (less than 147 microns in granularity) includes proportionally mixing stainless steel powder with low-temp lubricant, heating die to 80-100 deg.C, spraying EBS wax powder onto inner surface of die by electrostatic spray, preheating said mixture to 70-90 deg.C, loading it in die, and die pressing under 600-800 MPa.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to PM technique, specifically be meant a kind of warm press forming method in high density and low temperature of powder of stainless steel.
Background technology
The advantage of producing stainless steel parts with the prior powder metallurgy method is to produce end form or nearly end form powdered metal parts with lower cost, can realize few no machining, and that shortcoming is a parts density is not high, decay resistance and mechanical properties decrease.Though the stainless steel parts density that adopts methods such as isostatic pressing and injection moulding to produce is higher, because complex process makes its application restricted greatly thereby cost is expensive.Nineteen nineties succeed in developing and suitability for industrialized production warm-pressing technology, both overcome the low shortcoming of parts density, possess advantage cheaply again, be the powder metallurgy advanced technology that latest development is got up.At present, the technology relevant with temperature and pressure is more, mainly contains the ANCORDENSE of U.S. NORTH AMERICA HOEGANAES company
TMTechnology, the DENSEMIX of Sweden HOEGANAES company
TTechnology
MFLOWMET with Canadian QMP METAL POWDERS company
TMPowder such as technology series manufacture method.The flow process of above-mentioned warm-pressing technology mainly is after the thermal-pressing powder that will be added with the lubricant of Special Category and binding agent is heated to about 150 ℃, with the pressure of 400～700MPa, to make shape at the mould inner pressure that is heated to said temperature.Behind 1120～1260 ℃ of sintering, parts density can reach 7.25-7.4g/cm
3Yet above-mentioned warm-pressing technology is mainly based on straight iron powder or part prealloy iron-based powder, and the lower temperature warm compaction technology of powder of stainless steel yet there are no formal report at home and abroad.People such as Xiao Zhiyu once mentioned that stainless temperature and pressure temperature range was 100-120 ℃ in China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English edition Transaction of Nonferrous Metals Society of China) 2004,14 (4) 756-761 page or leaf is entitled as article (" Warm compactingbehavior of stainless steel the powders ") literary composition of " temperature and pressure of powder of stainless steel ".In addition, the producer whole world that can supply thermal-pressing powder at present is very few, mainly contains several companies such as Sweden HOEGANAES, U.S. NORTH AMERICA HOEGANAES and Canadian QMPMETAL POWDERS.These have the powder of patent protection; not only price is very expensive; and it is also very harsh to the requirement of operating temperature; promptly require temperature range be controlled at ± 2 ℃; this just requires to adopt specific warm-pressing system just can finish; these warm-pressing systems all are subjected to patent protection, therefore make that the equipment investment of temperature and pressure production line is very big.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing temperature and pressure technology, provide a kind of and can adopt homemade powder of stainless steel, low energy consumption, low input, low cost, and the warm press forming method in high density and low temperature of the powder of stainless steel of easy operating control in application facet.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following measure:
A kind of warm press forming method in high density and low temperature of powder of stainless steel is characterized in that: its technology and condition are as follows:
1, the lubricant that adds by gross mass percentage 0.1-0.3% in the powder of stainless steel of≤147 μ m at grain fully mixes;
2, the above-mentioned powder of stainless steel that is mixed with lubricant is heated to 70-90 ℃;
3, mold heated is arrived 80-100 ℃, and adopt an EBS wax powder of using do die wall lubrication electrostatic spraying in dies cavity;
4, the powder of stainless steel after the above-mentioned heating is filled in the die cavity, and under 600-800MPa press forming;
5, under cracked ammonium atmosphere or vacuum state in 1250-1300 ℃ of sintering 1-1.5 hour, promptly manufacture high density stainless steel powder metallurgical part.
Above-mentioned used powder of stainless steel comprises 304L, 316L, 410L, 430L powder of stainless steel, and used low temperature lubricant is meant PEF wax powder, LCFA diamide waxes powder or their mixture.The accuracy of temperature control of above-mentioned lower temperature warm compaction is wide to ± 5 ℃.
The present invention compared with prior art has following outstanding advantage:
1, the present invention successfully is applied to the stainless steel powder metallurgical part forming with lower temperature warm compaction technology first, has realized the low-cost high densification of powder of stainless steel press forming.
2, control requires much lowerly relatively because the present invention is to the precision of temperature, and temperature fluctuation range only need be controlled at ± 5 ℃, and external special powder require the temperature and pressure temperature must be controlled at ± 2 ℃.Therefore the present invention can reequip a little on the basis of existing equipment and just can realize, need not rely on the patent warm-pressing system of external costliness, has small investment, the characteristics of instant effect.
3, the present invention adopts homemade water atomization powder of stainless steel, and cost is low, and the formability of powder and compressibility are good, need not to rely on the patented powder of external costliness.Can be widely used in industry-by-industries such as machinery, chemical industry, instrument and meter, medicine equipment, office machinery, food and automobile.
4, temperature and pressure temperature of the present invention can be low to moderate 70-90 ℃, and it is low therefore to have energy consumption, the characteristics of the long service life of mould.Lower temperature warm compaction not only helps flowing of powder, and has solved the shortcoming that powder high temperature easily lumps down.
5, compare with the stainless steel product that the prior powder metallurgy method is produced, the stainless steel powder metallurgical product that uses the present invention to produce, the hot strength of material all has raising in various degree behind green density, green strength, sintered density and the sintering.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described by following embodiment:
The lower temperature warm compaction manufacturing process of embodiment 1:316L powder of stainless steel
Its warm-pressing technology and condition thereof comprise:
1, adopts the water atomization 316L powder of stainless steel of homemade≤147 μ m, and add and make low temperature lubricant, on the V-type batch mixer, do then and mixed 15 minutes by the Tissuemat E powder of gross mass percentage 0.1;
2, the above-mentioned 316L powder of stainless steel that is mixed with lubricant is heated to 90 ℃;
3,, and adopt electrostatic spraying in dies cavity the EBS wax powder with mold heated to 100 ℃;
4, the 316L powder of stainless steel that is mixed with lubricant after will heating is filled in the mould, and under 800MPa press forming;
5, in cracked ammonium atmosphere in 1300 ℃ of following sintering 1 hour.
Can obtain 316L stainless steel green density and reach 7.15g/cm
3, improved 0.30g/cm than the routine green density of colding pressing
3Green strength reaches 35MPa, has improved 38% than colding pressing; Sintered density reaches 7.5g/cm
3, improved 0.12g/cm than colding pressing
3Tensile strength of material reaches 540MPa, has improved 16% than colding pressing.
The lower temperature warm compaction manufacturing process of embodiment 2:304L powder of stainless steel
Its warm-pressing technology and condition thereof comprise:
1, adopts the water atomization 304L powder of stainless steel of homemade≤147 μ m, and add and make low temperature lubricant, on the type batch mixer, do then and mixed 25 minutes by the LCFA diamide waxes powder of gross mass percentage 0.3%;
2, the above-mentioned 304L powder of stainless steel that is mixed with lubricant is heated to 70 ℃;
3,, and adopt electrostatic spraying in dies cavity the EBS wax powder with mold heated to 80 ℃;
4, with the heating the 304L powder of stainless steel be filled in the mould, and under 600MPa press forming;
5, in cracked ammonium atmosphere in 1300 ℃ of following sintering 1.5 hours.
Can obtain 304L stainless steel green density and reach 7.05g/cm
3, improved 0.22g/cm than the routine green density of colding pressing
3Green strength reaches 28MPa, has improved 18% than colding pressing; Sintered density reaches 7.38g/cm
3, improved 0.13g/cm than colding pressing
3Tensile strength of material reaches 510MPa, has improved 6% than colding pressing.
The lower temperature warm compaction manufacturing process of embodiment 3:410L powder of stainless steel
Its warm-pressing technology and condition thereof comprise:
1, adopts the water atomization 410L powder of stainless steel of homemade≤147 μ m, and add and make low temperature lubricant, on the V-type batch mixer, do then and mixed 30 minutes by the Tissuemat E powder of gross mass percentage 0.1% and 0.1% LCFA diamide waxes powder;
2, the above-mentioned 410L powder of stainless steel that is mixed with lubricant is heated to 80 ℃;
3,, and adopt electrostatic spraying in dies cavity the EBS wax powder with mold heated to 100 ℃;
4, with the heating the 410L powder of stainless steel be filled in the mould, and under 700MPa press forming;
5, in vacuum drying oven in 1250 ℃ of sintering 1 hour.
Can obtain 410L stainless steel green density and reach 6.80g/cm
3, improved 0.12g/cm than the routine green density of colding pressing
3Green strength reaches 32MPa, has improved 25% than colding pressing; Sintered density reaches 7.48g/cm
3, improved 0.15g/cm than colding pressing
3Tensile strength of material reaches 410MPa, has improved 8% than colding pressing.
The lower temperature warm compaction manufacturing process of embodiment 4:430L powder of stainless steel
Its warm-pressing technology and condition thereof comprise:
1, adopts the water atomization 430L powder of stainless steel of homemade≤147 μ m, and add and make low temperature lubricant, on the V-type batch mixer, do then and mixed 30 minutes by the LCFA diamide waxes powder of gross mass percentage 0.2%;
2, the above-mentioned 430L powder of stainless steel that is mixed with lubricant is heated to 80 ℃;
3,, and adopt electrostatic spraying in dies cavity the EBS wax powder with mold heated to 90 ℃;
4, with the heating the 430L powder of stainless steel be filled in the mould, and under 800MPa press forming;
5, in vacuum drying oven in 1250 ℃ of sintering 1 hour.
Can obtain 430L stainless steel green density and reach 6.73g/cm
3, improved 0.12g/cm than the routine green density of colding pressing
3Green strength reaches 30MPa, has improved 10% than colding pressing; Sintered density reaches 7.45g/cm
3, improved 0.15g/cm than colding pressing
3Tensile strength of material reaches 422MPa, has improved 5% than colding pressing.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of warm press forming method in high density and low temperature of powder of stainless steel is characterized in that: its technology and condition are as follows:
(1) low temperature lubricant that adds by gross mass percentage 0.1-0.3% in the powder of stainless steel of≤147 μ m at grain fully mixes;
(2) the above-mentioned powder of stainless steel that is mixed with lubricant is heated to 70-90 ℃;
(3) mold heated is arrived 80-100 ℃, and will adopt electrostatic spraying as the EBS wax powder that die wall lubrication is used in dies cavity;
(4) powder of stainless steel after the above-mentioned heating is filled in the die cavity, and under 600-800MPa press forming;
(5) under cracked ammonium atmosphere or vacuum state in 1250-1300 ℃ of sintering 1-1.5 hour, promptly manufacture high density stainless steel powder metallurgical part.
2, according to the warm press forming method in high density and low temperature of the described a kind of powder of stainless steel of claim 1, it is characterized in that, used powder of stainless steel comprises 304L, 316L, 410L, 430L powder of stainless steel, and used low temperature lubricant is meant PEF wax powder, LCFA diamide waxes powder or their mixture.
According to the warm press forming method in high density and low temperature of the described a kind of powder of stainless steel of claim 1, it is characterized in that 3, the accuracy of temperature control of lower temperature warm compaction is wide to ± 5 ℃.
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| CN 200510032920 CN1660527A (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2005-01-27 | Warm press forming method in high density and low temperature for powder of stainless steel |
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| CN 200510032920 CN1660527A (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2005-01-27 | Warm press forming method in high density and low temperature for powder of stainless steel |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102764892A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-07 | 山东金聚粉末冶金有限公司 | Slider block and production method thereof |
| CN105234408A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-13 | 江门市前通粉末冶金厂有限公司 | High-strength and high-corrosion-resistance powder metallurgy stainless steel material manufacturing method |
| CN105648300A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-06-08 | 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 | Additive used for improving stainless steel sintered density and method for manufacturing relevant stainless steel sintered component with additive |
| CN106541127A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-29 | 西华大学 | Powder of stainless steel sheet material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106541126A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-29 | 西华大学 | A kind of preparation method of high density powder of stainless steel |
| CN109266421A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-25 | 天津百世康科技发展有限公司 | Powder used in metallurgy low temperature lubricant |
-
2005
- 2005-01-27 CN CN 200510032920 patent/CN1660527A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102764892A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-07 | 山东金聚粉末冶金有限公司 | Slider block and production method thereof |
| CN105648300A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-06-08 | 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 | Additive used for improving stainless steel sintered density and method for manufacturing relevant stainless steel sintered component with additive |
| CN105234408A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-13 | 江门市前通粉末冶金厂有限公司 | High-strength and high-corrosion-resistance powder metallurgy stainless steel material manufacturing method |
| CN106541127A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-29 | 西华大学 | Powder of stainless steel sheet material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106541126A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-29 | 西华大学 | A kind of preparation method of high density powder of stainless steel |
| CN106541127B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-10-26 | 西华大学 | Powder of stainless steel plank and preparation method thereof |
| CN109266421A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-25 | 天津百世康科技发展有限公司 | Powder used in metallurgy low temperature lubricant |
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