CN110507772A - 一种治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂及其制备方法,它是由中药原料人参,麦冬,杏仁,黄芪,当归,淮山药,枸杞,淫羊藿,川芎,桃仁,熟地,炒白术,茯苓,黄芩,桑白皮,瓜蒌仁,浙贝母粉,紫苏子,炒莱菔子,鸡内金,炒麦芽,五倍子,灸甘草制备而得,本发明的技术方案制备的三补化痰膏治疗慢性支气管炎具有良好的补肺健脾益肾,化痰祛痰平喘之功效。临床上用于慢性支气管炎疗效确切,且安全性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,特别是涉及一种治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
慢性支气管炎是临床常见多发的呼吸系统疾病之一,多由于内外因素长期刺激引起支气管黏膜非特异性炎症,临床常有咳嗽、咳痰、气促等症状,具有病情反复、缠绵难愈的特征,疾病控制不当会引发肺心病、肺气肿等并发症。慢性支气管炎对支气管、气管黏膜与附近组织有影响的一种非特异性慢性炎症,病理变化为慢性气道受阻,导致慢性支气管炎的常见因素为外周气道出现弥散性病变,主要症状为咳嗽、咳痰等,病程发展较慢。慢性支气管炎患者除了会产生气道生理状态异常的情况外,还可能产生心理状态与健康行为异常的情况。中医将慢性支气管炎归类于“肺胀”范畴,该病急性期多采取西医治疗,包括消炎、解痉平喘、补液等,但临床疗效不够理想。
在中国专利文献公开资料中,由陕西修风生物科技有限公司申请的公开号为109771593A的发明专利公开了慢性支气管炎中成药的制备工艺。所述慢性支气管炎的中成药主要由以下质量份的中药材制成:30~60份板蓝根、30~60份蒲公英、30~60份黄芩、30~60份金银花、30~60份紫苑、30~60份甘草、20~40份百部、20~40份麻黄、20~40份炒杏仁、20~40份半夏、20~40份瓜蒌、20~40份川贝母、20~40份知母和40~80份石膏组成。
由如皋丁北医院申请的公开号为107693675A的发明专利公开了一种治疗慢性支气管炎的药物,它由下述原料药制成:枇杷叶、百合、灵芝、桂枝、枳壳、陈皮、紫河车、枸杞子、杜仲、鱼腥草、黄芩、龙胆草、当归、桃仁、沙棘、桔梗、冰糖和甘草。
以上现有技术均对治疗慢性支气管炎的中药制剂有一定的研究,在其基础上,进一步开发疗效更加好,安全性更加确切的中药制剂尤其是膏方也是十分有必要的。在中医理论里,膏方是一种具有高级营养滋补和治疗预防综合作用的成药。它是在大型复方汤剂的基础上,根据人的不同体质、不同临床表现而确立不同处方,经浓煎后掺入某些辅料而制成的一种稠厚状半流质或冻状剂型。因此,研发一种用于治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂是十分有前景的。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种具有补肺健脾益肾,化痰祛痰平喘之功效,且疗效确切的用于治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下的技术方案:按照重量份计算,本发明治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂是由中药原料人参12-18g,麦冬12-18g,杏仁8-12g,黄芪20-26g,当归8-12g,淮山药12-18g,枸杞25-35g,淫羊藿12-18g,川芎8-12g,桃仁8-12g,熟地22-28g,炒白术8-12g,茯苓12-18g,黄芩8-12g,桑白皮8-12g,瓜蒌仁8-12g,浙贝母粉5-10g,紫苏子12-18g,炒莱菔子12-18g,鸡内金8-12g,炒麦芽17-23g,五倍子5-10g,灸甘草8-12g制备而成。
优选为:按照重量份计算,它是由中药原料人参15g,麦冬15g,杏仁10g,黄芪24g,当归10g,淮山药15g,枸杞30g,淫羊藿15g,川芎10g,桃仁10g,熟地25g,炒白术10g,茯苓15g,黄芩10g,桑白皮10g,瓜蒌仁10g,浙贝母粉6g,紫苏子15g,炒莱菔子15g,鸡内金10g,炒麦芽20g,五倍子6g,灸甘草10g制备而成。
前述治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂的制备方法:将人参12-18g,麦冬12-18g,杏仁8-12g,黄芪20-26g,当归8-12g,淮山药12-18g,枸杞25-35g,淫羊藿12-18g,川芎8-12g,桃仁8-12g,熟地22-28g,炒白术8-12g,茯苓12-18g,黄芩8-12g,桑白皮8-12g,瓜蒌仁8-12g,浙贝母粉5-10g,紫苏子12-18g,炒莱菔子12-18g,鸡内金8-12g,炒麦芽17-23g,五倍子5-10g粉碎,药粉先用100ml水调匀,搅拌至没有颗粒状,煮锅至于火炉上,加上1400ml水,文火煎煮,一边煮一边不停搅拌,直至膏糊沸腾,浓缩膏糊至250ml,关火、停止搅拌,冷却后自然凝固,加蜂蜜50ml混匀,装瓶,制成300ml即得。
本发明在临床观察中针对慢性支气管炎取得满意效果。
本发明是以中医药的理论为基础完成的治疗慢性支气管炎的方剂。方中人参大补元气,补脾益肺;麦冬养阴生津,润肺清心;杏仁、瓜蒌仁浙贝母粉、炒莱菔子止咳润肺,清热化痰,化痰止咳,散结消痈;黄芪、炒白术、茯苓、桑白皮补气止汗,健脾益气,泻肺平喘,燥湿利水;当归、川芎、桃仁补血调经,润肠通便;淮山药、熟地、五倍子补脾养肺,敛肺降火,止咳止汗,固肾益精;枸杞、淫羊藿补肾阳,活血行气;熟地补血养阴,填精益髓;黄芩清热燥湿,泻火解毒;紫苏子:降气,消痰,平喘,润肠;鸡内金健胃消食,涩精止遗,通淋化石;炒麦芽疏肝解郁,助力消化,和中下气;灸甘草益气通阳,滋阴养血,阴阳并调,气血双补。共奏补肺健脾益肾,化痰祛痰平喘之功效。
本发明的药材质量标准如下:
1.人参:为五加科植物人参Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.的干燥根。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“人参”项下规定。
2.麦冬:为百合科植物麦冬(沿阶草)Ophiopogonjaponicus(Thunb.)
Ker-Gawl.的干燥块根。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“麦冬”项下规定。
3.杏仁:本品为蔷薇科植物杏或山杏等味苦的干燥种子。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“杏仁”项下规定。
4.黄芪:为豆科植物黄芪或内蒙黄芪的干燥根。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“黄芪”项下规定。
5.当归:为伞形科植物当归Angelicasinensis(Oliv)Diels.的根。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“当归”项下规定。
6.淮山药:为薯蓣科植物薯蓣的根茎。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“淮山药”项下规定。
7.枸杞:为茄科植物枸杞的成熟果实。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“枸杞”项下规定。
8.淫羊藿:小檗科植物淫羊藿Epimedium Brevicornu Max-Im.、箭叶淫羊藿Epimedium sagittatum(Sieb.et Zucc.)Maxim.、柔毛淫羊藿Epimedium pubescensMaxim.或朝鲜淫羊藿Epimedium koreanum Nakai的叶。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“淫羊藿”项下规定。
9.川芎:山形科植物川芎的根茎。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“川芎”项下规定。
10.桃仁:为蔷薇科植物桃Prunus persica(L.)Batsch或山桃Prunus davidiana(Carr.)Franch.的干燥成熟种子。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“桃仁”项下规定。
11.熟地:为玄参科植物地黄(学名:Rehmannia glutinosa)的块根。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“熟地”项下规定。
12.炒白术:为菊科植物白术的干燥根茎。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“炒白术”项下规定。
13.茯苓:为多孔菌科真菌茯苓Poriacocos(Schw.)Wolf的干燥菌核。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“茯苓”项下规定。
14.黄芩:为唇形科植物黄芩ScutellariabaicalensisCeorgi的干燥根。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“黄芩”项下规定。
15.桑白皮:为桑科植物桑MorusalbaL.的根皮。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“桑白皮”项下规定。
16.瓜蒌仁:为葫芦科植物栝楼和双边栝楼的成熟果实的仁。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“瓜蒌仁”项下规定。
17.浙贝母粉:为百合科植物浙贝母FritillariathunbergiiMiq.的鳞茎。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“浙贝母粉”项下规定。
18.紫苏子:为唇形科植物紫苏Perillafrutescens(L.)Britt.var.arguta(Benth.)Hand.-Mazz.和野紫苏P.frutescens(L.)Britt.var.purpurascens(Hayata)H.W.Li的干燥成熟果实。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“紫苏子”项下规定。
19.炒莱菔子:为十字花科植物萝卜RaphanussativusL.的干燥成熟种子。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“炒莱菔子”项下规定。
20.鸡内金:鸡“胃”中有一层黄褐色的角质内壁。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“鸡内金”项下规定。
21.炒麦芽:由禾本科植物大麦的成熟果实经过发芽,进行干燥之后取得。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“炒麦芽”项下规定。
22.五倍子:为漆树科植物盐肤木RhuschinensisMill.青麸杨Rhus potaniniiMaxim.或红麸杨RhuspunjabensisStew.var.sinica(Diels)Rehd.etWils.叶的虫瘿,主要由五倍子蚜Melaphischinensis(Bell)Baker寄生而形成。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“五倍子”项下规定。
23.灸甘草:是甘草的炮制加工品。质量标准参见《中国药典》2015版“甘草”项下规定。
本发明的产品名称:三补化痰膏。
性状:本发明的产品为棕褐色液体,味甘、辛。
功效:补肺健脾益肾,化痰祛痰平喘。
用法:每次5~10克,每日3次。
适应症:肺脾肾虚,痰湿内蕴之慢性咳喘症。咳嗽气喘,呼吸短促,呼多吸少,声音低怯,痰多色白或黄,全身乏力,消瘦,纳差食少,动则汗出,脉浮而虚,适应于慢性支气管炎。
注意事项:糖尿病患者忌服。
本发明的临床试验:
一、目的
本试验旨在通过对三补化痰膏治疗慢性支气管炎疗效的探讨,了解三补化痰膏的最佳适应范围,并评价其临床用药的安全性,为临床合理应用该药提供临床依据。
二、病例选择标准
1.诊断标准:均符合慢性支气管炎的诊断。
2.病例纳入标准
(1)符合慢性支气管炎临床诊断及检查标准;
(2)存在轻重程度的咳嗽、喘息等主要临床症状;
(3)每年发病时间持续3个月及以上,并连续发作2年以上;
(4)自愿加入本次临床试验研究且对本次临床试验研究知情同意。
3.病例排除标准
(1)由肺结核、心脏病、支气管扩张、支气管哮喘、肺脓肿等其他疾病导致的咳嗽、咳痰和喘息。
4.终止和撤出临床试验的标准
(1)失访(包括患者自行退出和未按时来院复诊者);
(2)出现不良事件或严重不良事件者;
(3)临床试验过程中出现严重的其它并发疾病者;
(4)缺乏疗效或原发症状恶化、必须采取紧急措施者;
(5)违背试验方案者(包括依从性差)。
三、治疗方案
1.分组
选择2018年7月1日一2019年7月30日期间在贵州省黔南州中医医院呼吸科住院患者中符合慢性支气管炎的患者,共200例,采用临床随机对照试验的方法,将200例研究对象,按照就诊的先后顺序,以随机数字表法随机分成治疗组(100人)和对照组(100人),进行临床疗效观察。
2.治疗
对照组患者采用西药治疗,选择2.0g头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠(生产单位:安徽省先锋制药有限公司,批准文号:国药准字H20063393,2006-01-19)进
行静脉滴注,2次/d,并采用30mg氨溴索(生产单位:浙江康恩贝制药股份有限公司,批准文号:国药准字H20123225,2012-07-26)进行静脉推注,2次/d。治疗90d。观察组患者在对照组前提下,加用三补化痰膏治疗,每次5~10克,每日3次。治疗90d。
四、观测指标
1.安全性观测
在用药前及疗程结束时各检测一次,如试验过程中出现试验指标的异常,应复查至正常。
(1)一般体格检查;
(2)三大常规;
(3)肾功能(尿素氮、肌酐)、肝功能(谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶)、心电图。
(4)可能出现的不良反应
2.疗效性观测
临床疗效和临床症状消失时间。
3.不良反应
根据试验药物可能出现的毒性反应立即作相应的安全性检查,以判定是否终止或继续进行试验,并作出及时有效的对症处理。
五、疗效判定标准
治愈:治疗后,患者的临床症状完全消失;显效:治疗后,患者的临床症状及肺部体征明显好转,肺部湿啰音降低60%~90%;有效:治疗后,患者的临床症状及肺部体征有所缓解,肺部湿啰音降低30%~59%;无效:治疗后,患者的临床症状及肺部体征无变化甚至进展。总有效率=(治愈例数+显效例数+有效例数)/总例数×100%。
六、安全性评价标准
I级:安全,无任何不良反应;
II级:比较安全,没有不良反应,不需做任何处理可继续用药;
III级:有安全性问题,有中等程度安全度不良反应,做处理不可继续用药;
IV级:因不良反应需终止试验。
七、统计分析方法
所有的统计检验均采用双侧检验,P值小于0.05将被认为所检验的差别有统计学意义。计量资料将采用均数士标准差进行统计描述,满足方差齐性时,采用t检验;如不满足方差齐性时,则采用非参数秋和检验。计数资料采用X2验、Ridit分析。将采用SPSS12.0统计软件进行计算。
八、结果判断
1.两组临床疗效比较:治疗组100例中治愈41例,显效33例,有效23例,无效3例,总有效率97.00%;对照组100例中治愈20例,显效18例,有效26例,无效36例,总有效率65%;两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
2.两组治疗前后相关指标比较:治疗组咳嗽咳痰消失时间、肺部啰音消失时间改善优于对照组(P<0.05),见表1。
表1两组治疗前后相关指标比较(d,X±S)
3.两组患者的生活质量评分比较:两组患者治疗前生活质量评分比较(P>0.05);经过治疗后,两组患者在喘息、情感、疲劳以及控制能力等生活质量评分均有一定提高,且治疗组患者的提高程度明显优于对照组(P<0.05),见表2。
表2两组患者的生活质量评分比较(分,X±S)
3.不良反应在临床治疗过程中,三补化痰膏组未出现不良事件,治疗后三大常规、肝肾功能和心电图检查未出现异常结果,三补化痰膏临床用药安全性好。
结论:三补化痰膏治疗慢性支气管炎具有补肺健脾益肾,化痰祛痰平喘之功效。临床上治疗慢性支气管炎疗效确切,且安全性好。
具体实施方式:
实施例1:
原料:人参12g,麦冬12g,杏仁8g,黄芪20g,当归8g,淮山药12g,枸杞25g,淫羊藿12g,川芎8g,桃仁8g,熟地22g,炒白术8g,茯苓12g,黄芩8g,桑白皮8g,瓜蒌仁8g,浙贝母粉5g,紫苏子12g,炒莱菔子12g,鸡内金8g,炒麦芽17g,五倍子5g,灸甘草8g。
制备方法:将人参12g,麦冬12g,杏仁8g,黄芪20g,当归8g,淮山药12g,枸杞25g,淫羊藿12g,川芎8g,桃仁8g,熟地22g,炒白术8g,茯苓12g,黄芩8g,桑白皮8g,瓜蒌仁8g,浙贝母粉5g,紫苏子12g,炒莱菔子12g,鸡内金8g,炒麦芽17g,五倍子5g,灸甘草8g粉碎,药粉先用100ml水调匀,搅拌至没有颗粒状,煮锅至于火炉上,加上1400ml水,文火煎煮,一边煮一边不停搅拌,直至膏糊沸腾,浓缩膏糊至250ml,关火、停止搅拌,冷却后自然凝固,加蜂蜜50ml混匀,装瓶,制成300ml即得。
实施例2:
原料:人参18g,麦冬18g,杏仁12g,黄芪26g,当归12g,淮山药18g,枸杞35g,淫羊藿18g,川芎12g,桃仁12g,熟地28g,炒白术12g,茯苓18g,黄芩12g,桑白皮12g,瓜蒌仁12g,浙贝母粉10g,紫苏子18g,炒莱菔子18g,鸡内金12g,炒麦芽23g,五倍子10g,灸甘草12g。
制备方法:将人参18g,麦冬18g,杏仁12g,黄芪26g,当归12g,淮山药18g,枸杞35g,淫羊藿18g,川芎12g,桃仁12g,熟地28g,炒白术12g,茯苓18g,黄芩12g,桑白皮12g,瓜蒌仁12g,浙贝母粉10g,紫苏子18g,炒莱菔子18g,鸡内金12g,炒麦芽23g,五倍子10g,灸甘草12g粉碎,药粉先用100ml水调匀,搅拌至没有颗粒状,煮锅至于火炉上,加上1400ml水,文火煎煮,一边煮一边不停搅拌,直至膏糊沸腾,浓缩膏糊至250ml,关火、停止搅拌,冷却后自然凝固,加蜂蜜50ml混匀,装瓶,制成300ml即得。
实施例3:
原料:人参15g,麦冬15g,杏仁10g,黄芪24g,当归10g,淮山药15g,枸杞30g,淫羊藿15g,川芎10g,桃仁10g,熟地25g,炒白术10g,茯苓15g,黄芩10g,桑白皮10g,瓜蒌仁10g,浙贝母粉6g,紫苏子15g,炒莱菔子15g,鸡内金10g,炒麦芽20g,五倍子6g,灸甘草10g。
制备方法:将人参15g,麦冬15g,杏仁10g,黄芪24g,当归10g,淮山药15g,枸杞30g,淫羊藿15g,川芎10g,桃仁10g,熟地25g,炒白术10g,茯苓15g,黄芩10g,桑白皮10g,瓜蒌仁10g,浙贝母粉6g,紫苏子15g,炒莱菔子15g,鸡内金10g,炒麦芽20g,五倍子6g,灸甘草10g粉碎,药粉先用100ml水调匀,搅拌至没有颗粒状,煮锅至于火炉上,加上1400ml水,文火煎煮,一边煮一边不停搅拌,直至膏糊沸腾,浓缩膏糊至250ml,关火、停止搅拌,冷却后自然凝固,加蜂蜜50ml混匀,装瓶,制成300ml即得。
尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂,其特征在于:它是由中药原料人参12-18g,麦冬12-18g,杏仁8-12g,黄芪20-26g,当归8-12g,淮山药12-18g,枸杞25-35g,淫羊藿12-18g,川芎8-12g,桃仁8-12g,熟地22-28g,炒白术8-12g,茯苓12-18g,黄芩8-12g,桑白皮8-12g,瓜蒌仁8-12g,浙贝母粉5-10g,紫苏子12-18g,炒莱菔子12-18g,鸡内金8-12g,炒麦芽17-23g,五倍子5-10g,灸甘草8-12g制备而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂,其特征在于:它是由中药原料人参15g,麦冬15g,杏仁10g,黄芪24g,当归10g,淮山药15g,枸杞30g,淫羊藿15g,川芎10g,桃仁10g,熟地25g,炒白术10g,茯苓15g,黄芩10g,桑白皮10g,瓜蒌仁10g,浙贝母粉6g,紫苏子15g,炒莱菔子15g,鸡内金10g,炒麦芽20g,五倍子6g,灸甘草10g制备而成。
3.权利要求1或2所述治疗慢性支气管炎的中药膏剂的制备方法,其特征在于:将人参12-18g,麦冬12-18g,杏仁8-12g,黄芪20-26g,当归8-12g,淮山药12-18g,枸杞25-35g,淫羊藿12-18g,川芎8-12g,桃仁8-12g,熟地22-28g,炒白术8-12g,茯苓12-18g,黄芩8-12g,桑白皮8-12g,瓜蒌仁8-12g,浙贝母粉5-10g,紫苏子12-18g,炒莱菔子12-18g,鸡内金8-12g,炒麦芽17-23g,五倍子5-10g粉碎,药粉先用100ml水调匀,搅拌至没有颗粒状,煮锅至于火炉上,加上1400ml水,文火煎煮,一边煮一边不停搅拌,直至膏糊沸腾,浓缩膏糊至250ml,关火、停止搅拌,冷却后自然凝固,加蜂蜜50ml混匀,装瓶,制成300ml即得。
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CN114246903A (zh) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-03-29 | 鲁南厚普制药有限公司 | 心通制剂在制备治疗慢性支气管炎药物中的应用及其制备方法 |
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CN111759935A (zh) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-13 | 吴长怡 | 治疗疾病的口罩的制作方法 |
CN114246903A (zh) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-03-29 | 鲁南厚普制药有限公司 | 心通制剂在制备治疗慢性支气管炎药物中的应用及其制备方法 |
CN114246903B (zh) * | 2020-09-23 | 2023-12-05 | 鲁南厚普制药有限公司 | 心通制剂在制备治疗慢性支气管炎药物中的应用及其制备方法 |
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