CN110494317A - 作业车辆 - Google Patents

作业车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110494317A
CN110494317A CN201880024269.XA CN201880024269A CN110494317A CN 110494317 A CN110494317 A CN 110494317A CN 201880024269 A CN201880024269 A CN 201880024269A CN 110494317 A CN110494317 A CN 110494317A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
motor
working truck
wheel
equipment
differential gear
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Pending
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CN201880024269.XA
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English (en)
Inventor
松山伸生
小林慎太郎
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Komatsu Ltd
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Komatsu Ltd
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Publication of CN110494317A publication Critical patent/CN110494317A/zh
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/354—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having separate mechanical assemblies for transmitting drive to the front or to the rear wheels or set of wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/22—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/356—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/7636—Graders with the scraper blade mounted under the tractor chassis
    • E02F3/764—Graders with the scraper blade mounted under the tractor chassis with the scraper blade being pivotable about a vertical axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/7636—Graders with the scraper blade mounted under the tractor chassis
    • E02F3/7645—Graders with the scraper blade mounted under the tractor chassis with the scraper blade being pivotable about a horizontal axis disposed parallel to the blade
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/7636—Graders with the scraper blade mounted under the tractor chassis
    • E02F3/7654—Graders with the scraper blade mounted under the tractor chassis with the scraper blade being horizontally movable into a position near the chassis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/80—Component parts
    • E02F3/84—Drives or control devices therefor, e.g. hydraulic drive systems
    • E02F3/844—Drives or control devices therefor, e.g. hydraulic drive systems for positioning the blade, e.g. hydraulically
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/02—Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/0841—Articulated frame, i.e. having at least one pivot point between two travelling gear units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/202—Mechanical transmission, e.g. clutches, gears
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/2058—Electric or electro-mechanical or mechanical control devices of vehicle sub-units
    • E02F9/2062—Control of propulsion units
    • E02F9/2075—Control of propulsion units of the hybrid type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2253—Controlling the travelling speed of vehicles, e.g. adjusting travelling speed according to implement loads, control of hydrostatic transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
    • B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
    • B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
    • B60Y2200/411—Bulldozers, Graders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/80—Differentials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种机动平地机，所述机动平地机(1)具备：后车架(12)、可转动地与后车架(12)连结的前车架(11)、安装于前车架(11)的工作装置(40)、配置于前车架(11)的马达(80)、与马达(80)连接的差动装置(90)、与差动装置(90)连接的左右驱动轴(100a、101a)。马达(80)配置在工作装置(40)的前方。

Description

作业车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及作业车辆。
背景技术
目前，已知有具备驱动左右后轮的后轮驱动装置、和驱动左右前轮的前轮驱动装置的全轮驱动方式的机动平地机。在专利文献1中，提出了一种前轮驱动装置，其将发动机的输出传递给两个泵，由通过从这两个泵供给的工作油进行旋转的两个马达，分别驱动左右前轮。两个马达分别配置在左右前轮的轮盘内。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：美国专利第6491600号说明书
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
但是，在专利文献1记载的前轮驱动装置中，因为需要设置用于驱动两个马达的两个泵，所以车载布局会变得复杂。
本发明是鉴于上述状况而完成的，其目的在于，提供一种作业车辆，其其能够简化前轮驱动装置。
用于解决课题的技术方案
本发明的作业车辆具备：后车架、可转动地安装于后车架的前车架、安装于前车架的工作装置、配置于前车架的马达、与马达驱动连结的差动装置、与差动装置连接的驱动轴。马达配置在工作装置的前方。
发明效果
根据本发明，能够提供一种可简化前轮驱动装置的作业车辆。
附图说明
图1是机动平地机的侧视图；
图2是机动平地机的俯视图；
图3是图2的A－A剖视图；
图4是表示右前轮支承机构的结构的俯视图；
图5是表示右前轮支承机构的结构的主视图；
图6是表示机动平地机的前轮驱动装置的结构的方框图。
具体实施方式
(机动平地机1的整体结构)
图1是机动平地机1的侧视图。图2是机动平地机1的俯视图。图3是图2的A－A剖视图。在下面的说明中，“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”是以从坐在驾驶座上的操作员看到的方向为基准的术语。
机动平地机1是全轮驱动的全轮驱动车辆。机动平地机1具备车架10、左右前轮20、21、一侧各两个的左右后轮30、31、32、33、工作装置40、驾驶室50、发动机60、液压泵70、马达80、差动装置90、左右前轮支承机构100、101。
车架10由前车架11和后车架12构成。前车架11配置在后车架12的前方。前车架11与后车架12连结。前车架11相对于后车架12可左右转动。前车架11由左右前轮20、21支承。前车架11支承工作装置40。前车架11具有沿前后方向延伸的梁部11a。在梁部11a的前方端配置有马达80及差动装置90。后车架12由左右后轮30、31、32、33支承。在后车架12上配置有驾驶室50、发动机60及液压泵70。
工作装置40安装于前车架11。工作装置40配置在前车架11的下方。工作装置40在前后方向上配置在左右前轮20、21和左右后轮30、31、32、33之间。工作装置40具备牵引杆41、刮板42、刮板回转装置43、升降器支架44、左右升降缸45、46及移位缸47。
牵引杆41可上下左右摆动地与前车架11的前端部连结。刮板42由刮板回转装置43支承。刮板回转装置43安装于牵引杆41的后端部。刮板回转装置43具有轨道43a及轨道旋转机43b。轨道43a可旋转地支承在牵引杆41的后端部。轨道43a支承刮板42。轨道旋转机43b通过液压来旋转驱动轨道43a。
升降器支架44固定于车架10(具体地说，前车架11)。在升降器支架44上连结有左右升降缸45、46和移位缸47。
左右升降缸45、46与牵引杆41和升降器支架44连结。左右升降缸45、46通过伸缩，使牵引杆41上下摆动。移位缸47与牵引杆41和升降器支架44连结。移位缸47通过伸缩，使牵引杆41左右摆动。
驾驶室50载置在车架10上。在驾驶室50内配置有驾驶座、操作装置等。发动机60载置在后车架12上。在发动机60上连接有未图示的后轮驱动装置(液力变矩器、变速器、最终减速装置及串联装置等)，经由后轮驱动装置，驱动左右后轮30、31、32、33。在发动机60上连接有液压泵70。液压泵70由发动机60驱动。液压泵70向马达80供给工作油。作为液压泵70，例如可使用斜盘式或斜轴式的液压泵。
如图3所示，马达80收纳在前车架11的前端部内。马达80固定在收纳差动装置90的轮轴支撑件95上。但是，马达80也可以配置在前车架11之外，还可以配置在远离轮轴支撑件95的位置。
马达80经由未图示的工作油配管与液压泵70连接。马达80是通过由液压泵70供给的工作油来驱动的液压马达。作为马达80，例如可使用径向活塞式液压马达，但不局限于此。
这里，在机动平地机1向左或向右转弯的情况下，因内圈差的关系，前轮20、21的转弯半径比后轮30、31、32、33的转弯半径大，所以需要使前轮20、21比后轮30、31、32、33旋转得更快。因此，为了通过使前轮20、21比后轮30、31、32、33旋转得更快，来使机动平地机1顺畅地转弯，而设有马达80。
如图1及图2所示，马达80配置在工作装置40的前方。具体地说，马达80配置在比构成工作装置40的牵引杆41、刮板42、刮板回转装置43、升降器支架44、左右升降缸45、46及移位缸47各者更靠前方。如图2所示，马达80配置为其一部分与前车架11的梁部11a重叠。
如图3所示，差动装置90收纳在轮轴支撑件95内。轮轴支撑件95以差动装置90的差动中心为基准可左右摆动地安装于前车架11。差动装置90与马达80驱动连结。差动装置90由马达80驱动。
这里，在机动平地机1向左或向右转弯的情况下，因内圈差的关系，前轮21、22中的外轮的转弯半径比内轮的转弯半径大，所以需要使外轮比内轮旋转得更快。因此，为了通过使外轮比内轮旋转得更快，来使机动平地机1顺畅地转弯，而设有差动装置90。
如图1及图2所示，差动装置90配置在工作装置40的前方。具体地说，差动装置90配置在比构成工作装置40的牵引杆41、刮板42、刮板回转装置43、升降器支架44、左右升降缸45、46及移位缸47各者更靠前方。如图2所示，差动装置90配置为其一部分与前车架11的梁部11a重叠。
在本实施方式中，差动装置90配置在马达80的下方，但不局限于此。差动装置90也可以在上下方向上配置在与马达80同等的位置，还可以配置在马达80的上方。差动装置90也可以在前后方向上配置在比马达80更靠前方，还可以配置在比马达80更靠后方。
左右前轮支承机构100、101连接在轮轴支撑件95的左右。因为左右前轮支承机构100、101两者的结构相同，所以以下主要对左前轮支承机构100的结构进行说明。
图4是表示左前轮支承机构100的结构的俯视图。图5是表示左前轮支承机构100的结构的主视图。在图5中，局部地表示出了内部构造的剖面。
左前轮支承机构100具有左驱动轴100a、左等速万向节100b、左转向缸100c、转向横拉杆100d、左倾斜缸100e、左倾斜壳体100h、及左轮毂架100i。
左驱动轴100a从差动装置90向左轮盘20a延伸。左驱动轴100a与差动装置90和左等速万向节100b连结。左驱动轴100a插通在轮轴支撑件95内。此外，在隔着差动装置90与左驱动轴100a相反的一侧连结有右驱动轴101a。
左等速万向节100b配置在左轮毂架100i内。左等速万向节100b具有连结轴100f。连结轴100f与轮毂100g连结。轮毂100g配置在安装左前轮20的轮盘20a内。左等速万向节100b以与上下方向平行的转向轴AX1为中心相对于左驱动轴100a可摆动。左等速万向节100b以与前后方向平行的倾斜轴AX2为中心相对于左驱动轴100a可摆动。
左转向缸100c与前车架11和左轮毂架100i连结。通过左转向缸100c进行伸缩，左轮毂架100i以转向轴AX1为中心而摆动。由此，进行左前轮20的转向操作。转向横拉杆100d与左轮毂架100i和未图示的右轮毂架连结。
左倾斜缸100e与轮轴支撑件95和左倾斜壳体100h连结。通过左倾斜缸100e进行伸缩，左倾斜壳体100h以倾斜轴AX2为中心而摆动。由此，进行左前轮20的倾斜操作。
(前轮驱动装置2的结构)
图6是表示机动平地机1的前轮驱动装置2的结构的方框图。
前轮驱动装置2具备控制泵70和马达80的控制器120。控制器120通过调节从泵70向马达80供给的工作油量，来调节马达80的转速。
控制器120例如基于机动平地机1的转弯半径、左右后轮30、31、32、33的转速、及发动机60的转速，调节从泵70向马达80供给的工作油量。具体地说，在机动平地机1向左或向右转弯的情况下，通过控制器120使从泵70向马达80供给的工作油量增大，来使前轮20、21比后轮30、31、32、33旋转得更快。
马达80的旋转力经由差动装置90传递给左右驱动轴100、101。具体地说，在机动平地机1向左或向右转弯的情况下，通过差动装置90调节左右驱动轴100、101各自的转速，使外轮比内轮旋转得更快。
(特征)
在本实施方式的机动平地机1中，因为通过差动装置90能够调节左右前轮20、21的内圈差，所以只要具备一个马达80即可。另外，因为马达80配置在工作装置40的前方，所以能够将马达80配置在差动装置90的附近。因此，能够简化前轮驱动装置2的结构。
另外，因为马达80配置于前车架11，所以能够抑制与马达80连接的工作油配管从泵70向外部露出，所以能够抑制工作油配管碰到土砂等而损伤。
(其他实施方式)
在上述实施方式中，马达80是通过从液压泵70供给的工作油来驱动的液压马达，但不局限于此。作为马达80，可使用电动马达。在这种情况下，机动平地机1只要具有由发动机驱动，且向马达80供给电力的发电机即可。
在上述实施方式中，作为应用本发明前轮驱动装置的作业车辆之一例对机动平地机进行了说明，但本发明的前轮驱动装置可广泛地应用于全轮驱动方式的作业车辆。
标记说明
1 机动平地机
2 前轮驱动装置
10 车架
20、21 左右前轮
30、31、32、33 左右后轮
40 工作装置
41 牵引杆
42 刮板
43 刮板回转装置
44 升降器支架
45、46 左右升降缸
47 移位缸
50 驾驶室
60 发动机
70 液压泵
80 马达
90 差动装置
100、101 左右前轮支承机构
110、111 左右轮毂

Claims (12)

1.一种作业车辆，其具备：
后车架；
前车架，其可转动地与所述后车架连结；
工作装置，其安装于所述前车架；
马达，其配置于所述前车架；
差动装置，其与所述马达连接；
驱动轴，其与所述差动装置连接，
所述马达配置在所述工作装置的前方。
2.如权利要求1所述的作业车辆，其中，
所述差动装置配置在所述工作装置的前方。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的作业车辆，其具备：
后轮，其支承所述后车架；
前轮，其支承所述前车架，
所述工作装置配置在所述后轮和所述前轮之间。
4.如权利要求3所述的作业车辆，其中，
所述工作装置具有可上下摆动地与所述前车架连结的牵引杆和使所述牵引杆上下摆动的升降缸，
所述马达配置在所述升降缸的前方。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的作业车辆，其中，
所述工作装置具有可旋转地支承在所述牵引杆上的刮板回转装置，
所述马达配置在所述刮板回转装置的前方。
6.如权利要求5所述的作业车辆，其中，
所述工作装置具有支承在所述刮板回转装置上的刮板，
所述马达配置在所述刮板的前方。
7.如权利要求1～6中任一项所述的作业车辆，其中，
所述前车架具有梁部，
所述马达配置在所述梁部的前方端。
8.如权利要求1～7中任一项所述的作业车辆，其中，
所述马达配置在比所述差动装置更靠上方的位置。
9.如权利要求7所述的作业车辆，其中，
所述马达及所述差动装置各自的至少一部分在俯视时配置为与所述梁部重叠。
10.如权利要求1～9中任一项所述的作业车辆，其具备：
发动机；
液压泵，其由所述发动机驱动，
所述马达是由从所述液压泵供给的工作油驱动的液压马达。
11.如权利要求1～9中任一项所述的作业车辆，其具备：
发动机；
发电机，其由所述发动机驱动，
所述马达是由从所述发电机供给的电力驱动的电动马达。
12.如权利要求1～11中任一项所述的作业车辆，其具备：
所述作业车辆是机动平地机。
CN201880024269.XA 2017-09-21 2018-09-10 作业车辆 Pending CN110494317A (zh)

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