CN110477761B

CN110477761B - Exhaust structure, cooking device with exhaust structure and exhaust method of cooking device

Info

Publication number: CN110477761B
Application number: CN201910819859.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张权
Original assignee: Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-31
Filing date: 2019-08-31
Publication date: 2021-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-31
Also published as: CN110477761A

Abstract

The invention relates to an exhaust structure, comprising an inner container and an upper mounting plate positioned above the inner container, wherein the top wall of the inner container is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust structure is characterized by also comprising an exhaust system and an exhaust cavity, wherein the exhaust system is provided with a fan, an air inlet of the exhaust cavity is in fluid communication with the exhaust port, the exhaust system comprises an exhaust channel communicated with the outside and a fan cavity for mounting the fan, the fan is provided with an upper impeller and a lower impeller which are arranged up and down, the fan cavity is respectively provided with an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet corresponding to the upper impeller and the lower impeller, the lower air inlet of the fan cavity is in fluid communication with an air outlet of the exhaust cavity, and an air outlet of the fan cavity is in fluid communication with an air inlet of the exhaust channel; also relates to a cooking device with the exhaust structure and an exhaust method thereof. The invention can improve the exhaust efficiency of the cooking device, can avoid direct injection of steam in the inner container after steaming is finished, and improves the use experience of users.

Description

Exhaust structure, cooking device with exhaust structure and exhaust method of cooking device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of steaming cooking devices, in particular to an exhaust structure, a cooking device with the exhaust structure and an exhaust method of the cooking device.

Background

The top of the inner container of the steaming and baking integrated machine is generally provided with an exhaust port, and an exhaust pipe is arranged in the exhaust port and is communicated with an exhaust channel with an exhaust fan. When the exhaust fan rotates, the gas in the inner container enters the exhaust channel through the exhaust pipe and is discharged outside through the exhaust channel. Under the mode of steaming, after the steaming, can remain a large amount of steam in the inner bag, the user opens the door body this moment, and the steam in the inner bag can directly spout the user to reduce user's use and experience.

The size of the exhaust port of the existing steaming and baking integrated machine is fixed, so that the baking uniformity is poor, the evaporation of water vapor close to the exhaust port is fast, and food is easily scorched, thereby affecting the baking effect. Further, if the size of the exhaust port is small, steam is not smoothly discharged during steaming, and a howling sound is generated, and if the size of the exhaust port is large, the steaming effect is deteriorated.

Disclosure of Invention

The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an exhaust structure with high exhaust efficiency.

A second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an exhaust structure capable of preventing steam from directly spraying to a user after steaming is finished, in view of the prior art.

The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an exhaust structure with controllable exhaust speed.

A fourth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cooking apparatus having the above-mentioned exhaust structure.

The fifth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an exhaust method of the cooking device with good cooking effect.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the first and second technical problems is as follows: an exhaust structure comprises an inner container and an upper mounting plate positioned above the inner container, wherein an exhaust port is formed in the top wall of the inner container, the exhaust structure is characterized by further comprising an exhaust system and an exhaust cavity, the exhaust system comprises an exhaust channel communicated with the outside and a fan cavity used for mounting the fan, the fan is provided with an upper impeller and a lower impeller which are arranged up and down, the upper impeller and the lower impeller are positioned in the fan cavity, the fan cavity is respectively provided with an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet corresponding to the upper impeller and the lower impeller, the lower air inlet of the fan cavity is in fluid communication with the air outlet of the exhaust cavity, and the air outlet of the fan cavity is in fluid communication with the air inlet of the exhaust channel.

The exhaust system further comprises an air guide cover and a volute fan cover, wherein the air guide cover and the fan cover are respectively covered on the upper mounting plate to respectively form the exhaust channel and the fan cavity, the corresponding position of the exhaust cavity is covered in the fan cover, the second hole of the exhaust cover is simultaneously the lower air inlet of the exhaust cavity, the top wall of the fan cover is eccentrically provided with a third hole, and the third hole is the upper air inlet.

Preferably, the first end of the exhaust hood has a volute shape, the second hole is eccentrically formed in the first end, and the first hole is located below the second end of the exhaust hood. The design of volute form enables the gaseous vortex of formation along the spiral case direction that gets into the exhaust chamber, makes the air current can be more fast from the inner bag by the suction exhaust chamber, and the air current that gets into in the exhaust chamber can be followed spiral case vortex direction in the unity by the suction fan chamber, can avoid steam to scurry in the exhaust chamber when containing a large amount of steam in the gas of emission like this to reduce the condensation of steam, avoid remaining the comdenstion water in the exhaust chamber.

Preferably, the width of the second end of the exhaust hood increases from the first end to the second end, and the first hole is located below the middle of the second end of the exhaust hood. Therefore, the airflow entering from the first hole can better enter the lower air inlet of the fan cavity along the direction of the volute at the first end.

Preferably, the width of the air guiding hood increases gradually along the air outlet direction, the second end of the exhaust hood is covered in the air guiding hood, and the width increasing directions of the air guiding hood and the exhaust hood are consistent.

Preferably, the upper and lower impellers are stacked one on top of the other, and the second hole is vertically opposite to the third hole. Thus, the air flow entering from the inner container is more efficiently discharged into the exhaust passage under the rotation of the upper and lower impellers.

Preferably, the upper and lower impellers are a single piece and include a horizontally disposed wheel disk and upper and lower blades disposed on top and bottom surfaces of the wheel disk, respectively.

The technical solution adopted to solve the third technical problem is as follows: the device also comprises a control assembly capable of controlling the size of the opening of the first hole. The size of the opening of the first hole can be controlled according to the cooking requirement: when the exhaust speed needs to be reduced, the opening of the first hole can be reduced by the control component, such as in a steaming mode; when the exhaust speed needs to be increased, the opening of the first hole can be enlarged, so that the generation of a whistling sound caused by unsmooth exhaust can be avoided, for example, in a baking mode.

Preferably, the control assembly includes a shielding plate capable of shielding the first hole, a driving motor, a driving gear and a driven gear, the first hole is a circular hole, the shielding plate is a circular plate and is matched with the circular hole, a vertically extending rotating shaft is fixed on one side of the first hole, a shaft sleeve is vertically fixed on a side edge of the shielding plate, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft from top to bottom, the driven gear is fixed on the upper end of the shaft sleeve, and the driving gear is fixed on an output shaft of the driving motor and meshed with the driven gear. The driving motor during operation drives the driving gear and rotates like this, and the driving gear drives driven gear and rotates, and then drives the axle sleeve and uses above-mentioned rotation axis to rotate as the center, drives above-mentioned sunshade then and uses above-mentioned rotation axis to rotate as the center, and above-mentioned first hole can be shielded until first hole is closed completely gradually among the sunshade rotation process, and when first hole was shielded completely, along with the rotation of sunshade, first hole can be opened gradually, circulates in proper order.

Preferably, the exhaust port is connected to the first hole of the mounting plate via an exhaust pipe.

The technical solution adopted to solve the fourth technical problem is as follows: a cooking device with steaming function with the exhaust structure is provided.

Preferably, the cooking device further comprises a controller, and a humidity sensor and a temperature sensor respectively disposed in the inner container, and the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor are respectively connected to the controller through electric signals.

The technical solution adopted to solve the fifth technical problem is as follows: the exhaust control method of the cooking device is characterized by comprising the following steps

In the steaming mode:

s1, in the beginning stage of cooking, the first hole is completely closed through the shielding plate, and the fan is in a low-speed gear;

s2, when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity of the inner container reaches a high set value, the humidity sensor feeds back a signal to the controller, the controller starts the driving motor to enable the shielding plate to rotate so as to enable the first hole to be opened to 50%, and the fan is adjusted to a middle rotating speed gear;

s3, after cooking is finished, the first hole is completely opened, and the fan is in a high-speed gear;

s4, when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity of the inner container reaches a low set value, the humidity sensor feeds back a signal to the controller, the controller starts the driving motor to enable the shielding plate to rotate so as to enable the first hole to be completely closed, and the fan is closed;

in a baking mode:

s1, in the beginning stage of cooking, the first hole is completely closed through the shielding plate, and the fan is in a middle rotating speed gear;

s2, when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity of the inner container reaches the set value, the humidity sensor feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller starts the driving motor to rotate the shielding plate to completely open the first hole;

s3, after several minutes, if the humidity sensor detects that the humidity in the inner container is not obviously reduced, the controller controls the fan to be in a high-speed gear;

s4, when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity in the inner container is lower than a set value, the controller controls the fan to be in a middle rotating speed gear;

s5, after cooking, the controller controls the fan to a high-speed gear, and when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the inner container is lower than 70 ℃, the first hole and the fan are closed simultaneously.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: when the fan rotates, the last impeller and the lower impeller of fan rotate simultaneously, the lower impeller rotates and forms the negative pressure in the lower part that makes above-mentioned fan chamber and the exhaust chamber, thereby make the air current in the inner bag can be discharged into the exhaust chamber fast and the lower part in fan chamber is gone into, the air current that gets into fan chamber lower part is last, during the rotation of lower impeller gets into the exhaust passage, and it is outer arranging from the air outlet of exhaust passage, thereby improve cooking device's exhaust efficiency, especially under the mode of evaporating, after steaming, steam in the inner bag can be discharged into the exhaust chamber fast, thereby can effectively avoid when the user opens the door body, steam in the inner bag directly spouts the user. According to the exhaust method, through double control of the opening size of the first hole and the suction force of the fan (namely the rotating speed of the fan), gas can be quickly exhausted out of the inner container, and the steam humidity in the inner container is effectively controlled in a steam mode, so that the steaming effect is better, and the user experience is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cooking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention (the top plate is omitted);

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a portion of a cooking device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a partial exploded view of a cooking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a cooking device in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a portion of a cooking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the overall exhaust path in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the exhaust path in the exhaust chamber in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an exhaust path in the exhaust system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a logic diagram of an exhaust control method in a steam mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a logic diagram of an exhaust control method in the bake mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 12, a cooking device with steaming function, in this embodiment, the cooking device is an all-in-one machine for steaming and baking, the cooking device includes a casing 1 and an inner container 10 disposed in the casing 1, a control panel 12 having a controller is disposed on a front side wall of the casing 1 above the inner container 10, an upper mounting plate 11 is disposed above the inner container 10, and an upper mounting space 14 is defined by the upper mounting plate 11, a corresponding position of each side plate of the casing 1 and a top plate 13 of the casing 1.

An exhaust port 101 is opened in a top wall of the inner container 10, a first hole 111 is opened in the upper mounting plate 11, and the first hole 111 is connected to the exhaust port 101 through an exhaust pipe 15. In order to make the exhaust of the exhaust port 101 smoother, in the present embodiment, the exhaust port 101 is disposed opposite to the first hole 111, and the exhaust pipe 15 extends vertically upward, as shown in fig. 6. Further, an exhaust system 3 having a fan 33 and an exhaust chamber 20 are disposed in the upper installation space 14, and an inlet of the exhaust chamber 20 is in fluid communication with the exhaust port 101: when the air inlet of the exhaust chamber 20 is disposed adjacent to the air outlet 101, the two can be directly connected, not shown; when the air inlet of the exhaust cavity 20 is far away from the exhaust port 101, the air inlet can be connected with the exhaust port through a pipeline; the meaning of the following fluid communication is the same and will not be described further. In this embodiment, the exhaust cavity 20 is formed by covering the exhaust hood 2 on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate 11, the first hole 111 is covered in the exhaust hood 2, and the first hole 111 is an air inlet of the exhaust cavity 20, that is, in this embodiment, the air inlet of the exhaust cavity 20 is communicated with the exhaust port 101 through the exhaust pipe 15. In addition, the exhaust system 3 includes an exhaust passage 310 communicating with the outside and a blower chamber 320 for installing the blower 33, the blower 33 has an upper impeller 331 and a lower impeller 332 disposed up and down, the blower chamber 320 has an upper inlet and a lower inlet corresponding to the upper and

lower impellers

331 and 332, respectively, the lower inlet of the blower chamber 320 is in fluid communication with the outlet of the exhaust chamber 20, and the outlet of the blower chamber 320 is in fluid communication with the inlet of the exhaust passage 310. Thus, when the fan 33 rotates, the upper impeller 331 and the lower impeller 332 of the fan 33 rotate simultaneously, the upper impeller 331 rotates to absorb hot air in the upper installation space 14 through the upper air inlet, so as to dissipate heat of components such as a controller, the lower impeller 332 rotates to form negative pressure in the lower part of the fan cavity 320 and the exhaust cavity 20, so that air flow in the inner container 10 can be rapidly discharged into the exhaust cavity 20 and into the lower part of the fan cavity 320, the air flow entering the lower part of the fan cavity 320 enters the exhaust channel 310 under the rotation of the upper and

lower impellers

331, 332 and is discharged out of an air outlet of the exhaust channel 310, so as to improve the exhaust efficiency of the cooking device, and particularly in a steaming mode, after steaming is finished, steam in the inner container 10 can be rapidly discharged into the exhaust cavity 20, so that the steam in the inner container 10 can be effectively prevented from being directly injected to a user when the user opens the door. In this embodiment, the upper and

lower impellers

331, 332 are formed as a single piece and include a horizontally disposed wheel disc 3301 and upper and

lower blades

3302, 3303 disposed on top and bottom surfaces of the wheel disc 3301, respectively.

Further, a second hole 21 is formed on the top surface of the exhaust hood 2, and the second hole 21 is an air outlet of the exhaust cavity 20. The exhaust system 3 further includes an air guiding cover 31 and a blower cover 32 in a volute shape, the air guiding cover 31 and the blower cover 32 are respectively covered on the upper mounting plate 11 to form the exhaust duct 310 and the blower cavity 320, respectively, the corresponding portion of the exhaust cavity 20 is covered in the blower cover 32, the second hole 21 of the exhaust cover 2 is simultaneously a lower air inlet of the exhaust cavity 20, and a third hole 321 is eccentrically opened on a top wall of the blower cover 32, and the third hole 321 is the upper air inlet. In this embodiment, the air guiding cover 31 and the fan 33 cover are integrated, that is, the air inlet of the exhaust passage 310 and the air outlet of the fan 33 cavity 320 are shared. Preferably, the upper and

lower impellers

331 and 332 are stacked one on top of the other, and the second hole 21 is opposite to the third hole 321 one on top of the other, i.e., the upper inlet and the lower inlet of the blower chamber 320 are opposite to each other, so that the air flow introduced from the inner container 10 is more efficiently discharged into the exhaust duct 310 by the rotation of the upper and

lower impellers

331 and 332. The top of the fan cover 32 is respectively provided with a mounting frame 334 and a fan motor 333 for driving the fan 33 to rotate, the fan motor 333 is mounted above the upper air inlet of the fan cavity 320 through the mounting frame 334, and a power output shaft of the fan motor 333 is sequentially connected into shaft holes of the upper and

lower impellers

331, 332 from top to bottom.

Still further, the first end of the exhaust hood 2 has a volute shape, the second hole 21 is eccentrically formed at the first end, and the first hole 111 is located below the second end of the exhaust hood 2. The volute-shaped design enables the gas entering the exhaust cavity 20 to form a vortex along the volute direction, so that the gas flow can be sucked into the exhaust cavity 20 from the inner container 10 more quickly, the gas flow entering the exhaust cavity 20 can be sucked into the fan cavity 320 along the volute vortex direction uniformly, and therefore the phenomenon that steam flees in the exhaust cavity 20 can be avoided, condensation of the steam is reduced, and condensate water is prevented from being remained in the exhaust cavity 20. Further, preferably, the width of the second end of the exhaust hood 2 increases from the first end to the second end, and the first hole 111 is located below the middle of the second end of the exhaust hood 2, so that the airflow entering from the first hole 111 can better enter the lower inlet of the fan chamber 320 along the volute direction of the first end. Meanwhile, the width of the wind scooper 31 increases progressively along the wind outlet direction thereof, the second end of the exhaust hood 2 is covered in the wind scooper 31, and the width increasing directions of the two are consistent.

In this embodiment, the cooking device further comprises a control component 6 capable of controlling the opening size of the first hole 111, so that the opening size of the first hole 111 can be changed according to cooking requirements, when the exhaust speed needs to be reduced, the opening of the first hole 111 can be reduced by the control component 6, for example, in a steaming mode, when the exhaust speed needs to be increased, the opening of the first hole 111 can be increased, and thus, the generation of a whistling sound caused by unsmooth exhaust can be avoided. Further, the control assembly 6 includes a shielding plate 61 capable of shielding the first hole 111, a driving motor 62, a driving gear 63 and a driven gear 64, the first hole 111 is a circular hole, correspondingly, the shielding plate 61 is also a circular plate and is matched with the circular hole, a vertically extending rotating shaft 66 is fixed on one side of the first hole 111, a shaft sleeve 65 is vertically fixed on a side edge of the shielding plate 61, the shaft sleeve 65 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 66 from top to bottom and is fixed with the driven gear 64 at the upper end thereof, and the driving gear 63 is fixed on an output shaft of the driving motor 62 and is meshed with the driven gear 64. Thus, when the driving motor 62 works, the driving gear 63 is driven to rotate, the driving gear 63 drives the driven gear 64 to rotate, and further drives the shaft sleeve 65 to rotate around the rotating shaft 66, and further drives the shutter 61 to rotate around the rotating shaft 66, the first hole 111 can be gradually shielded until the first hole 111 is completely closed in the rotation process of the shutter 61, and the first hole 111 can be gradually opened along with the rotation of the shutter 61 in the state that the first hole 111 is completely shielded, and the cycle is repeated in sequence.

In the present embodiment, the inner container 10 is provided with a humidity sensor 4 and a temperature sensor 5, and the humidity sensor 4 and the temperature sensor 5 are electrically connected to the controller, respectively.

The cooking device is an integrated steaming and baking machine, so that the cooking device comprises two cooking modes, namely a steaming mode and a baking mode.

The exhaust control method of the cooking device comprises the following steps:

in the steaming mode:

s1, during the initial stage of cooking, the first hole 111 is completely closed by the shutter 61, and the fan 33 is in the low speed position.

S2, when the humidity sensor 4 detects that the humidity of the inner container 10 reaches the high setting value, the humidity sensor 4 feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller starts the driving motor 62 to rotate the shutter 61 to open the first hole 111 to 50%, and adjusts the fan 33 to the middle gear.

S3, after the cooking is finished, the first hole 111 is completely opened, and the fan 33 is in the high speed gear.

S4, when the humidity sensor 4 detects that the humidity of the inner container 10 reaches the low setting value, the humidity sensor 4 feeds back a signal to the controller, the controller starts the driving motor 62 to rotate the shutter 61 to completely close the first hole 111, and the fan 33 is closed.

In a baking mode:

s1, during the initial stage of cooking, the first hole 111 is completely closed by the shutter 61, and the fan 33 is in the middle gear.

S2, when the humidity sensor 4 detects that the humidity of the inner container 10 reaches the set value, the humidity sensor 4 feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller starts the driving motor 62 to rotate the shutter 61 to open the first hole 111 completely.

And S3, after several minutes, if the humidity sensor 4 detects that the humidity in the inner container 10 is not obviously reduced, the controller controls the fan 33 to be in a high-speed gear.

S4, when the humidity sensor 4 detects that the humidity in the inner container 10 is lower than the set value, the controller controls the fan 33 to be in the middle rotating speed gear.

And S5, after cooking, the controller controls the fan 33 to a high-speed gear, and when the temperature sensor 5 detects that the temperature of the liner 10 is lower than 70 ℃, the first hole 111 and the fan 33 are closed simultaneously.

As can be seen from the above, in the exhaust control method of the present invention, the humidity sensor 4 detects the change of humidity in the inner container 10, and sends a humidity signal to the controller, and then the controller outputs a corresponding pulse number according to the humidity parameter, and the driving motor 62 (in this embodiment, the driving motor 62 is a stepping motor) precisely controls the rotation angle thereof through the pulse number output by the control board, and is driven by the driven gear 64, so as to control the size of the first hole 111, and at the same time, the controller adjusts the rotation speed of the fan 33 according to the signal of the humidity sensor 4 and the size of the first hole 111, so as to further adjust and control the suction force of the fan 33 to the air flow. Through the dual control of the opening size of first hole 111 and fan 33 suction size (fan 33 rotational speed size promptly), not only can be fast outside gas outgoing inner bag 10, moreover through carrying out effective control to the steam humidity in the inner bag 10 under the mode of evaporating, can make the effect of steaming better, promote user experience.

Claims

1. An exhaust structure comprises an inner container (10) and an upper mounting plate (11) positioned above the inner container (10), wherein an exhaust port (101) is formed in the top wall of the inner container (10), the exhaust structure is characterized by further comprising an exhaust system (3) and an exhaust cavity (20), the exhaust system is provided with a fan (33), an air inlet of the exhaust cavity (20) is in fluid communication with the exhaust port (101), the exhaust system (3) comprises an exhaust channel (310) communicated with the outside and a fan cavity (320) used for mounting the fan (33), the fan (33) is provided with an upper impeller (331) and a lower impeller (332) which are arranged up and down, the upper impeller (331) and the lower impeller (332) are both positioned in the fan cavity (320), the fan cavity (320) is respectively provided with an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet which correspond to the upper impeller (331, 332), and the lower air inlet of the fan cavity (320) is in fluid communication with an air outlet of the exhaust cavity (20), and the air outlet of the fan cavity (320) is in fluid communication with the air inlet of the exhaust passage (310),

the exhaust hood (2) is covered on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (11) to form the exhaust cavity (20), a first hole (111) is arranged on the upper mounting plate (11), the first hole (111) is an air inlet of the exhaust cavity (20), a second hole (21) is arranged on the top surface of the exhaust hood (2), and the second hole (21) is an air outlet of the exhaust cavity (20),

the exhaust system (3) further comprises an air guide cover (31) and a volute-shaped fan cover (32), the air guide cover (31) and the fan cover (32) are respectively covered on the upper mounting plate (11) to respectively form the exhaust channel (310) and the fan cavity (320), the corresponding position of the exhaust cavity (20) is covered in the fan cover (32), then the second hole (21) of the exhaust cover (2) is simultaneously a lower air inlet of the exhaust cavity (20), a third hole (321) is eccentrically arranged on the top wall of the fan cover (32), and the third hole (321) is the upper air inlet.

2. An exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the first end of the exhaust hood (2) is shaped as a volute, the second hole (21) opens eccentrically in the first end, and the first hole (111) is located below the second end of the exhaust hood (2).

3. An exhaust structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the width of the second end of the hood (2) increases from the first end to the second end, and the first hole (111) is located below the middle of the second end of the hood (2).

4. The exhaust structure according to claim 3, wherein the width of the wind scooper (31) increases along the wind outlet direction, the second end of the exhaust hood (2) is covered in the wind scooper (31), and the width increasing directions of the two are the same.

5. The exhaust structure according to claim 2, wherein said upper and lower impellers (331, 332) are stacked one on top of the other, and said second hole (21) is vertically opposite to said third hole (321).

6. An exhaust structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a control member (6) capable of controlling the size of the opening of said first hole (111), the control assembly (6) comprises a shielding plate (61) capable of shielding the first hole (111), a driving motor (62), a driving gear (63) and a driven gear (64), the first hole (111) is a circular hole, and correspondingly, the shielding plate (61) is also a circular plate and matched with the circular hole, a rotating shaft (66) which extends vertically is fixed at one side of the first hole (111), a shaft sleeve (65) is vertically fixed on the side edge of the shielding plate (61), the shaft sleeve (65) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (66) from top to bottom, the upper end of the shaft sleeve is fixed with the driven gear (64), the drive gear 63 is fixed to an output shaft of a drive motor 62 and is engaged with the driven gear 64.

7. An exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust port (101) is connected to the first hole (111) of the upper mounting plate (11) through an exhaust pipe (15).

8. A cooking apparatus with steaming function having the air discharge structure of claim 6.

9. The cooking apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a controller and a humidity sensor (4) and a temperature sensor (5) respectively disposed in the inner container (10), wherein the humidity sensor (4) and the temperature sensor (5) are respectively electrically connected to the controller.

10. The exhaust control method of a cooking apparatus according to claim 9, comprising the steps of

In the steaming mode:

s1, in the beginning stage of cooking, the first hole (111) is completely closed through the shielding plate (61), and the fan (33) is in a low-speed gear;

s2, when the humidity sensor (4) detects that the humidity of the inner container (10) reaches a high set value, the humidity sensor (4) feeds back a signal to a controller, the controller starts the driving motor (62) to enable the shielding plate (61) to rotate so as to enable the first hole (111) to be opened to 50%, and the fan (33) is adjusted to a middle rotating speed gear;

s3, after cooking is finished, the first hole (111) is completely opened, and the fan (33) is in a high-speed gear;

s4, when the humidity sensor (4) detects that the humidity of the inner container (10) reaches a low set value, the humidity sensor (4) feeds back a signal to the controller, the controller starts the driving motor (62) to enable the shielding plate (61) to rotate so as to enable the first hole (111) to be completely closed, and the fan (33) is closed;

in a baking mode:

s1, in the beginning stage of cooking, the first hole (111) is completely closed through the shielding plate (61), and the fan (33) is in a middle rotating speed gear;

s2, when the humidity sensor (4) detects that the humidity of the inner container (10) reaches a set value, the humidity sensor (4) feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller starts the driving motor (62) to rotate the shielding plate (61) to completely open the first hole (111);

s3, after several minutes, if the humidity sensor (4) detects that the humidity in the inner container (10) is not obviously reduced, the controller controls the fan (33) to be in a high-speed gear;

s4, when the humidity sensor (4) detects that the humidity in the inner container (10) is lower than a set value, the controller controls the fan (33) to be in a middle rotating speed gear;

and S5, after cooking, the controller controls the fan (33) to a high-speed gear, and when the temperature sensor (5) detects that the temperature of the inner container (10) is lower than 70 ℃, the first hole (111) and the fan (33) are closed simultaneously.