CN110474070A - A kind of solid-state hydrogen storage is for hydrogen fuel cell system - Google Patents
A kind of solid-state hydrogen storage is for hydrogen fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110474070A CN110474070A CN201910765587.8A CN201910765587A CN110474070A CN 110474070 A CN110474070 A CN 110474070A CN 201910765587 A CN201910765587 A CN 201910765587A CN 110474070 A CN110474070 A CN 110474070A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solid-state hydrogen storages for hydrogen fuel cell system comprising metal hydride hydrogen-feeding system, fuel cell system, hydrothermal circulation system；Wherein, metal hydride hydrogen-feeding system is hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder, for providing hydrogen.Hydrogen inlet on fuel cell system is connected with the hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder.Hydrothermal circulation system is hydro-thermal set, which is coated on outside hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder, and the hydro-thermal set is connected with the fuel cell system.Solid-state hydrogen storage provided by the present invention for hydrogen fuel cell system, the beneficial effect is that: 1. the present invention use carrier of the metal hydride as hydrogen supply；2. the system has the advantages that hydrogen volume density is big, Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is low；3. the system has the advantages that total system is small in size, Waste Heat Reuse is high-efficient；4. the system has the advantages that Highgrade integration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydrogen fuel cell fields, and in particular to a kind of solid-state hydrogen storage is for hydrogen fuel cell system.
Background technique
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) is directly (main from fuel (hydrogen) and oxidant in one step
It is O2) generate electric power electrochemical appliance, have many advantages, such as that operating temperature is low, energy conversion efficiency is high, cleanliness without any pollution, because
This, it is considered to be replace the most washability of current automobile power, most competitive dynamic origin.
In the real work efficiency of fuel cell, the electric energy and thermal energy that fuel chemical energy is converted by pile about respectively account for one
Half.Enable pile efficiently, stable operation, it is necessary to carefully design water and heat management.The heat management of fuel cell, mainly
It is to control inside battery flowing and heat transfer, effectively utilizes and distribute this part waste heat, keep the thermal balance in battery.
When fuel cell operation, the supply of hydrogen is important link, and wherein metal hydride (MH) is used as fuel
The carrier of gaseous state hydrogen storage has great application prospect in battery.Metal hydride (MH) includes AB5Type, AB2Type, AB type, BCC
Type etc. not only has high volume hydrogen-storage density (100g L-1 is even higher), and at a suitable temperature, has lower
Equilibrium hydrogen pressure and the endothermic nature of metal hydride hydrogen discharge reaction result in the hydrogen storage system based on metal hydride jointly
High security.
Have when in view of metal hydride hydrogen discharge reaction and inhale thermal property, with generation waste heat during PEMFC stack operation
Feature, therefore, by being thermally integrated for the thermodynamic property of metal hydride and fuel cell, during can be improved FC stack operation
The heat utilization ratio of generation.Intermetallic compound hydride hydrogen storage system can provide hydrogen fuel and reach several million to PEM fuel cell
Watt electrical power, can be widely applied to various fixations, movement and portable power supplies application, as power assisted bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle,
Fork truck, tour bus, unmanned plane and ship etc..But it more effectively improves the efficiency of whole system (PEMFC+MH), reduce system
Volume and quality etc. are one of problems to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of solid-state hydrogen storages for hydrogen fuel cell system, can be improved total system
Efficiency reduces volume and quality of total system etc..
To achieve the goals above, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of solid-state hydrogen storage is for hydrogen fuel cell system comprising:
Metal hydride hydrogen-feeding system is hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder, for providing hydrogen；
Fuel cell system, hydrogen inlet thereon are connected with the hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder；Hydrogen passes through hydrogen
Import enters reducing agent of the fuel cell system as power generation, and air enters fuel cell system as power generation oxygen from air intlet
The water that agent, the electricity supply load output that fuel cell system generates, remaining reaction gas and reaction generate goes out by air
Mouth discharge；
Hydrothermal circulation system is hydro-thermal set；The hydro-thermal set is coated on outside hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder；Hydro-thermal set with
The fuel cell system is connected；Recirculated water in the fuel cell system takes away the heat of fuel cell system generation, follows
Ring water enters hydro-thermal set through the outlet of fuel cell system upper circulation water, provides heat to hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder by hydro-thermal set
Amount, cooling water are returned again to by the import of fuel cell system upper circulation water to fuel cell system.
Preferably, the metal hydride in the hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder includes AB, AB2、A2B、AB5, BCC type gold
Belong to hydride.
Preferably, the tank body of the hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder is aluminum gas cylinder；The storage of the hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder
Hydrogen capacity range is 60L~1000L, and the release flow of hydrogen is 0.1L/min~50L/min.
Preferably, the fuel cell system includes:
Fuel cell pile passes through pipeline respectively and is connected with hydrogen outlet and air outlet slit；The fuel cell pile
On circulating water outlet put on water inlet with hydro-thermal and be connected；
Triple valve, one end are connected by pipeline with hydrogen inlet, and the other end is connected with gas pressure sensor, further
End is connected by pipeline with the fuel cell pile；
Water circulating pump is connected with water outlet on the circulating water intake and hydro-thermal set on the fuel cell pile respectively
It is logical；
Air pressure pump passes through pipeline respectively and is connected with the fuel cell pile and air intlet；
Battery control system, it is electric with gas pressure sensor, battery, load output, inspection line, fuel cell respectively
Power supply line in heap and the temperature sensor for monitoring fuel cell pile temperature are electrically connected；The inspection line also with combustion
Expect the pile pole piece connection of battery stack.
Preferably, being connected with outlet solenoid valve on the pipeline of the fuel cell pile and hydrogen outlet.
Preferably, being connected with pressure reducing valve and air inlet electricity on pipeline between the triple valve and the fuel cell pile
Magnet valve.
Preferably, being connected with air filter on pipeline between the air pressure pump and air intlet.
Preferably, the fuel cell pile is water cooling proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, power is in 5w~1kw
Between.
Preferably, the quantity of the inspection line and the pile pole piece quantity of the fuel cell pile are proportional.
Preferably, the battery is in Li-ion batteries piles, Ni-MH power cell group or nickel chromium triangle power battery pack
It is any.
Solid-state hydrogen storage provided by the present invention for hydrogen fuel cell system, the beneficial effect is that:
1. the present invention uses carrier of the metal hydride as hydrogen supply；
2. the system has the advantages that hydrogen volume density is big, Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is low；
3. the system has the advantages that total system is small in size, Waste Heat Reuse is high-efficient；
4. the system has the advantages that Highgrade integration.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only one recorded in the present invention
A little embodiments are also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings for those of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the solid-state hydrogen storage provided in an embodiment of the present invention for hydrogen fuel cell system.
Description of symbols:
1, hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder；12, hydrogen inlet；20, hydro-thermal set；21, water inlet；22, water outlet；30, threeway
Valve；31, gas pressure sensor；32, pressure reducing valve；33, intake solenoid valve；34, fuel cell pile；35, air pressure pump；
36, air filter；37, outlet solenoid valve；38, temperature sensor；39, water circulating pump；40, battery control system；41, electric power storage
Pond；42, the power supply line in fuel cell pile；43, inspection line；45, hydrogen outlet；44, load output；46, air outlet slit；
47, air intlet.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention, below in conjunction with attached drawing to this hair
It is bright to be further detailed.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or the terminal device that include a series of elements not only include those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or end
The intrinsic element of end equipment.In the absence of more restrictions, being limited by sentence " including ... " or " including ... "
Element, it is not excluded that there is also other elements in process, method, article or the terminal device for including the element.This
Outside, herein, " being greater than ", " being less than ", " being more than " etc. are interpreted as not including this number；" more than ", " following ", " within " etc. understand
Being includes this number.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of solid-state hydrogen storage is for hydrogen fuel cell system comprising:
Metal hydride hydrogen-feeding system is hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1, for providing hydrogen；
Fuel cell system, hydrogen inlet 12 thereon are connected with the hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1；
Hydrothermal circulation system, for hydro-thermal set 20；Hydro-thermal set 20 is coated on outside hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1；The water
Hot jacket 20 is connected with the fuel cell system.
Hydrogen in hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1 enters reduction of the fuel cell system as power generation by hydrogen inlet 12
Agent, air enter fuel cell system as power generation oxidant from air intlet 47, and the electricity supply that fuel cell system generates is negative
Output 44 is carried, the water that remaining reaction gas and reaction generate is discharged by air outlet slit 46；Following in the fuel cell system
Ring water takes away the heat of fuel cell system generation, and recirculated water enters hydro-thermal set 20 through the outlet of fuel cell system upper circulation water,
Heat is provided to hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1 by hydro-thermal set 20, cooling water passes through the import of fuel cell system upper circulation water
It returns again to fuel cell system.In this way, the system for foring complete set, whole efficiency is improved.
Specifically, solid-state hydrogen storage is for hydrogen fuel cell system comprising metal hydride hydrogen-feeding system, fuel cell system
And hydrothermal circulation system.
Metal hydride hydrogen-feeding system is hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1, for providing hydrogen.The hydride hydrogen-storing
Metal hydride in tank 1 includes AB, AB2、A2B、AB5, BCC type metal hydride.The tank of the hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1
Body is preferably aluminum gas cylinder；The hydrogen storage capability range of the hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1 is 60L~1000L, the release flow of hydrogen
For 0.1L/min~50L/min.
The fuel cell system includes gas pressure sensor 31, pressure reducing valve 32, intake solenoid valve 33, fuel cell electricity
Heap 34, air pressure pump 35, air filter 36, outlet solenoid valve 37, temperature sensor 38, water circulating pump 39, battery control
System 40, battery 41 and inspection line 43.Above-mentioned each component is integrated in box with a rectangular parallelepiped shape, to realize height
It is integrated.
Fuel cell pile 34 passes through pipeline respectively and is connected with hydrogen outlet 45 and air outlet slit 46；Fuel electricity
Circulating water outlet on pond pile 34 is connected with water inlet 21 on hydro-thermal set 20.
Triple valve 30, one end are connected by pipeline with hydrogen inlet 12, the other end and 31 phase of gas pressure sensor
Even, then one end is connected by pipeline with the fuel cell pile 34.
Water circulating pump 39, respectively on the fuel cell pile 34 circulating water intake and hydro-thermal set 20 on water outlet
Mouth 22 is connected.
Air pressure pump 35 passes through pipeline respectively and is connected with the fuel cell pile 34 and air intlet 47
It is logical.
Battery control system 40, respectively with gas pressure sensor 31, battery 41, load output 44, inspection line 43,
Power supply line 42 in fuel cell pile 34 and the temperature sensor 38 for monitoring 34 temperature of fuel cell pile electrically connect
It connects；The inspection line 43 is also connect with the pile pole piece of fuel cell pile 34.
With improvement, outlet solenoid valve 37 is connected on the fuel cell pile 34 and the pipeline of hydrogen outlet 45.
It is further improved ground, is connected with pressure reducing valve on the pipeline between the triple valve 30 and the fuel cell pile 34
32 and intake solenoid valve 33.
Again with improvement, air filter 36 is connected on the pipeline between the air pressure pump 35 and air intlet 47.
Battery control system 40 and air pressure pump 35, water circulating pump 39, intake solenoid valve 33, outlet solenoid valve 37, gas
The electrical connection of pressure sensor 31 and temperature sensor 38.
The Hydrogen Vapor Pressure of 31 real-time monitoring hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1 of gas pressure sensor, temperature sensor 38 are real-time
Monitor the temperature of fuel cell pile 34；The voltage of the pile pole piece of 43 real-time monitoring fuel cell pile 34 of inspection line.
Battery control system controls the on-off and air pressure pump 35 of intake solenoid valve 33 and outlet solenoid valve 37 and follows
The switch of ring water pump 39.Battery control system 40 monitors the gas in hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1 by gas pressure sensor 31
Pressure carries out low pressure alarm when air pressure is lower than setting value, closes fuel cell system.Battery control system 40 passes through temperature
The temperature of 38 real-time monitoring fuel cell pile 34 of sensor carries out high temperature alarm when temperature is higher than setting value, closes fuel
Battery system；Battery control system 40 monitors the voltage of the pile pole piece of fuel cell pile 34 by inspection line 43, works as voltage
When lower than setting value, low-voltage alarm is carried out, closes fuel cell system.
Battery control system 40 is controlled into hydrogen and air capacity, output power and circuit protection, and monitors metal hydride
The air pressure of object hydrogen container 1, fuel cell pile 34 temperature and voltage, started according to the demand of actual loading power and close into
Pneumoelectric magnet valve 33, air pressure pump 35, water circulating pump 39, outlet solenoid valve 37 realize the automatic control to gas circuit and circuit, together
When, the heat that generates when fuel cell system is worked is required when being supplied to metal hydride hydrogen release by hydrothermal circulation system
Heat.
Film fuel cell electric piling 34 is preferably water cooling proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, and power is in 5w~1kw.
Battery 41 can be any one of Li-ion batteries piles, Ni-MH power cell group or nickel chromium triangle power battery pack.
Battery 41 is used for the starting voltage of battery control system 40, and exports and assist for hydrogen fuel cell system as solid-state hydrogen storage
Voltage.
The quantity of inspection line 43 and the pile pole piece quantity of fuel cell pile 34 are proportional, and inspection line 43 and combustion
Expect the pile pole piece connection of battery stack 34.
Hydrothermal circulation system is aluminum or copper hydro-thermal set 20, and hydro-thermal set 20 is coated on outside hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1,
The entery and delivery port 21,22 of hydro-thermal set 20 is connect with fuel cell pile 34 and water circulating pump 39 respectively, forms the water circulation of closed loop
System.
Above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage is as follows for hydrogen fuel cell system working principle:
Hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder 1 provides hydrogen, and battery group 41 provides the starting voltage of fuel cell system, battery control
System 40 processed is started to work.When battery control system 40 detects payload input sig, intake solenoid valve 33, air pressure are opened
Contracting pump 35 and water circulating pump 39 are opened outlet solenoid valve 37 at interval of certain time, are made according to the demand of actual loading power
Corresponding actions realize the automatic control to gas circuit and circuit.Battery control system 40 monitors gold by gas pressure sensor 31
The air pressure for belonging to hydride hydrogen storage tank 1 carries out low pressure alarm when air pressure is lower than setting value, closes fuel cell system；Battery
Control system 40 passes through the temperature of 38 real-time monitoring fuel cell pile 34 of temperature sensor, when temperature is higher than setting value, into
Row high temperature alarm closes fuel cell system；Battery control system 40 monitors the electricity of fuel cell pile 34 by inspection line 43
The voltage of heap pole piece carries out low-voltage alarm when voltage is lower than setting value, closes fuel cell system.
The heat generated when fuel cell system is worked is supplied to 1 hydrogen release of hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder by hydro-thermal set 20
The heat of Shi Suoxu, cooling water return again to the heat that fuel cell pile 34 is taken away to fuel cell pile 34.It is formed in this way
The system of complete set, whole efficiency are improved.
Solid-state hydrogen storage provided by the present embodiment for hydrogen fuel cell system, the beneficial effect is that:
1. the system uses carrier of the metal hydride as hydrogen supply；
2. the system has the advantages that hydrogen volume density is big, Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is low；
3. the system has the advantages that total system is small in size, Waste Heat Reuse is high-efficient；
4. the system has the advantages that Highgrade integration.
It is above that certain exemplary embodiments of the invention are only described by way of explanation, undoubtedly, for ability
The those of ordinary skill in domain without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention can be with a variety of different modes to institute
The embodiment of description is modified.Therefore, above-mentioned attached drawing and description are regarded as illustrative in nature, and should not be construed as to the present invention
The limitation of claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of solid-state hydrogen storage is for hydrogen fuel cell system characterized by comprising
Metal hydride hydrogen-feeding system is hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder, for providing hydrogen；
Fuel cell system, hydrogen inlet thereon are connected with the hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder；Hydrogen passes through hydrogen inlet
Reducing agent into fuel cell system as power generation, air enter fuel cell system as power generation oxidation from air intlet
The water that agent, the electricity supply load output that fuel cell system generates, remaining reaction gas and reaction generate passes through air outlet slit
Discharge；
Hydrothermal circulation system is hydro-thermal set；The hydro-thermal set is coated on outside hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder；Hydro-thermal set with it is described
Fuel cell system is connected；Recirculated water in the fuel cell system takes away the heat of fuel cell system generation, recirculated water
Enter hydro-thermal set through the outlet of fuel cell system upper circulation water, provides heat to hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder by hydro-thermal set, it is cold
But water is returned again to by the import of fuel cell system upper circulation water to fuel cell system.
2. solid-state hydrogen storage according to claim 1 is for hydrogen fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the metal hydride storage
Metal hydride in hydrogen tank includes AB, AB2、A2B、AB5, BCC type metal hydride.
3. solid-state hydrogen storage according to claim 1 is for hydrogen fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the metal hydride storage
The tank body of hydrogen tank is aluminum gas cylinder；The hydrogen storage capability range of the hydride hydrogen-storing cylinder is 60L~1000L, the release of hydrogen
Flow is 0.1L/min~50L/min.
4. solid-state hydrogen storage according to claim 1 is for hydrogen fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the fuel cell system
Include:
Fuel cell pile passes through pipeline respectively and is connected with hydrogen outlet and air outlet slit；On the fuel cell pile
Circulating water outlet puts on water inlet with hydro-thermal and is connected；
Triple valve, one end are connected by pipeline with hydrogen inlet, and the other end is connected with gas pressure sensor, then one end is logical
Pipeline is crossed to be connected with the fuel cell pile；
Water circulating pump is connected with water outlet on the circulating water intake and hydro-thermal set on the fuel cell pile respectively；
Air pressure pump passes through pipeline respectively and is connected with the fuel cell pile and air intlet；
Battery control system, respectively and in gas pressure sensor, battery, load output, inspection line, fuel cell pile
Power supply line and temperature sensor for monitoring fuel cell pile temperature be electrically connected；The inspection line is also electric with fuel
The pile pole piece of pond pile connects.
5. solid-state hydrogen storage according to claim 4 is for hydrogen fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the fuel cell pile
With outlet solenoid valve is connected on the pipeline of hydrogen outlet.
6. solid-state hydrogen storage according to claim 4 is for hydrogen fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the triple valve with it is described
Pressure reducing valve and intake solenoid valve are connected on pipeline between fuel cell pile.
7. solid-state hydrogen storage according to claim 4 is for hydrogen fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the air pressure pump with
Air filter is connected on pipeline between air intlet.
8. solid-state hydrogen storage according to claim 4 is for hydrogen fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the fuel cell pile
For water cooling proton exchange film fuel cell electric piling, power is between 5w~1kw.
9. solid-state hydrogen storage according to claim 4 is for hydrogen fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the quantity of the inspection line
It is proportional with the pile pole piece quantity of the fuel cell pile.
10. solid-state hydrogen storage according to claim 4 is for hydrogen fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the battery is lithium
Any one of ion battery group, Ni-MH power cell group or nickel chromium triangle power battery pack.
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| CN111725543A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-29 | 上海捷氢科技有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell and control method thereof |
| CN111725541A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-29 | 河北柒壹壹玖工业自动化技术有限公司 | Hydrogen storage device based on hydrogen kinetic energy unmanned aerial vehicle |
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Application publication date: 20191119 |