CN111498802B - Self-circulation hydrogen generation system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Self-circulation hydrogen generation system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111498802B CN111498802B CN202010421647.7A CN202010421647A CN111498802B CN 111498802 B CN111498802 B CN 111498802B CN 202010421647 A CN202010421647 A CN 202010421647A CN 111498802 B CN111498802 B CN 111498802B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/08—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents with metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen production device, a self-circulation hydrogen generation system and a working method thereof. The invention utilizes the aluminum water reaction site to prepare hydrogen, has high integration level, small volume, easy maintenance and low cost, and is suitable for the fields of field operation, emergency rescue, military operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production, and particularly relates to a self-circulation hydrogen generation system and a working method thereof.
Background
Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table of elements, which is the smallest and lightest element among known elements, and hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, and the hydrogen in the constituent elements of the universe exceeds 90%. The hydrogen and oxygen burn to produce water, the product is pollution-free and the reaction process releases huge energy, which is hydrogen energy. Hydrogen energy is considered as the most promising clean energy source in the 21 st century, and research and application of hydrogen energy technology is underway well around the world. In view of the rapid development of hydrogen and oxygen fuel cell technology, there have been partially successful commercializations such as Mirai from Toyota and Clarity et al fuel cell automobiles from Honda. However, the same problem exists with these products in that they utilize heavy high pressure bottles to store hydrogen and then supply the fuel cell with hydrogen. The hydrogen supply mode increases the dead weight of the automobile, reduces the endurance mileage of the fuel cell automobile, and has the defects of huge volume, high manufacturing cost and low energy utilization rate. Whereas the technology of producing hydrogen by hydrolysis of aluminum alloys utilizes chemical reactions to produce hydrogen, fuel cells are a good tool for converting hydrogen energy into electrical energy. Therefore, the hydrogen production system can be used for producing hydrogen in real time by utilizing the aluminum alloy hydrolysis hydrogen production system, supplying hydrogen for the fuel cell in real time, and reducing the hydrogen storage link of the high-pressure bottle in the hydrogen utilization process.
When the fuel cell works at normal temperature, H+ on the inner cathode side reacts with the introduced O2 to generate water, and the water is exchanged and discharged from the catalytic layer to the diffusion layer and then to the cathode flow channel through convection in a gaseous state or a liquid state. When the external temperature is below 0 ℃, if the heat generated by the chemical reaction is insufficient to support the water to be discharged in a gaseous state or a liquid state at the start-up of the fuel cell, ice may form to prevent the passage of the reaction gas, freeze the membrane electrode, stop the electrochemical reaction, and possibly cause irreversible damage to the membrane electrode. Cold start-up at low temperature is one of the main factors affecting commercialization of fuel cells, and insufficient reaction heat of start-up is a main factor of external low-temperature freezing membrane electrodes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the hydrogen production device which utilizes the aluminum water reaction to produce hydrogen on site, has high integration level, small volume, easy maintenance and low cost, and is suitable for the fields of field operation, emergency rescue, military operation and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the hydrogen production device comprises a reactor, wherein the reactor is provided with a water inlet and an air outlet, and is characterized in that a heat exchanger is arranged in the reactor, a heat exchange tube is arranged in the heat exchanger, one end of the heat exchange tube is communicated with the air outlet, the other end of the heat exchange tube is connected with a gas cache chamber, and output water of the heat exchanger is used for being conveyed to the water inlet to provide reaction water for the reactor.
Preferably, the reactor also comprises a water storage tank which is communicated with the water inlet of the reactor; the heat exchanger is provided with a water outlet and a water inlet, and the water outlet and the water inlet are both communicated with the water storage tank; an injection pipe communicated with the water inlet is arranged in the reactor, and an injection hole is arranged on the injection pipe; a waterproof and breathable film is arranged between the heat exchange tube and the gas cache chamber, and the heat exchange tube is connected with a first water collection chamber.
Preferably, an S-shaped cooling water channel is arranged in the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange tube is arranged in the cooling water channel; the reactor comprises a main body and a cover plate connected with the main body, wherein a plug-in type line concentration power strip is arranged on the cover plate.
The invention further aims to provide a self-circulation hydrogen generation system which comprises a hydrogen combustion device and a reactor, wherein the reactor is provided with a water inlet and an air outlet, a heat exchanger is arranged in the reactor, a heat exchange tube is arranged in the heat exchanger, one end of the heat exchange tube is communicated with the air outlet, the other end of the heat exchange tube is connected with a gas cache chamber, and the gas cache chamber is communicated with the hydrogen combustion device; the hydrogen combustion device comprises a hydrogen combustion device, a reactor, a heat exchanger, a water storage tank, a first driving pump, a second driving pump, a heat exchanger and a heat pump.
Preferably, the hydrogen combustion device comprises a fuel cell, the fuel cell is provided with a shutdown purging device, the shutdown purging device comprises a third driving pump and a gas-water separator, the inlet end of the gas-water separator is communicated with a cathode emptying port of the fuel cell, the inlet end of the third driving pump is communicated with a gas outlet end of the gas-water separator, and the outlet end of the third driving pump is respectively communicated with an anode inlet and a cathode inlet of the fuel cell.
As a preferred mode, the gas-water separator comprises a shell, a gas-water separation pipe is arranged in the shell, an inlet of the gas-water separation pipe is communicated with an inlet end of the gas-water separator, a gas outlet of the gas-water separation pipe is communicated with a gas outlet end of the gas-water separator, and a liquid outlet of the gas-water separation pipe is connected with a second water collecting chamber; a cooling air passage is arranged between the shell and the gas-water separation pipe, one end of the cooling air passage is communicated with the outside air, and the other end of the cooling air passage is communicated with a cathode inlet of the fuel cell.
Preferably, the first driving pump is provided with a first driving pump inlet, a second driving pump inlet, a third driving pump inlet and a first driving pump outlet, wherein the first driving pump inlet is communicated with an external water source, the second driving pump inlet is communicated with a water outlet of the heat exchanger, the third driving pump inlet is communicated with the second water collecting chamber, and the first driving pump outlet is communicated with the water storage tank; a waterproof and breathable film is arranged between the heat exchange tube and the gas cache chamber, and the heat exchange tube is connected with a first water collection chamber; the gas-water separation pipe is a spiral pipe, the cooling air passage is S-shaped, and the second water collection chamber is communicated with the first water collection chamber.
As a preferable mode, a first control valve is arranged between the heat exchange tube and the exhaust port, the first control valve is provided with a first valve inlet, a first valve outlet and a second valve outlet, the first valve inlet is communicated with the exhaust port, the first valve outlet is communicated with the heat exchange tube, and the second valve outlet is communicated with the inlet end of the gas-water separator and the anode inlet of the fuel cell; the fuel cell is connected with an electricity storage device, the electricity storage device comprises a storage battery, and a positive-negative pair adjusting circuit is arranged between the storage battery and the fuel cell.
The fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell, a reactor, a gas buffer chamber, a liquid level meter, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a liquid level meter and a second control valve, wherein the control unit is respectively connected with the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the liquid level meter and the second control valve, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are respectively used for detecting the internal pressure of the reactor and the gas buffer chamber, the liquid level meter is used for detecting the liquid level height of the water storage tank, and the second control valve is used for controlling the hydrogen entering of the anode inlet of the fuel cell.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a self-circulating hydrogen generation system, comprising the steps of:
detecting whether the temperature of a pile of the fuel cell is lower than the normal working temperature, and if so, starting a self-circulation hydrogen generation system in a low-temperature mode; if not, starting the self-circulation hydrogen generation system in a normal mode;
detecting whether the stack temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the normal working temperature, if so, adopting a low-temperature mode to assist the fuel cell to start and supply hydrogen for the fuel cell; if not, starting in a normal mode and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell;
the normal mode starting and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell includes:
conveying water in the water storage tank into a reactor to react with aluminum raw materials to generate high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen, conveying the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen into a heat exchange tube through an exhaust port, cooling and dehumidifying to obtain low-temperature dry hydrogen, storing the low-temperature dry hydrogen in a gas cache chamber, and conveying the low-temperature dry hydrogen in the gas cache chamber into a fuel cell to start the fuel cell; the water generated by the fuel cell is conveyed to a second water collecting chamber after being acted by a gas-water separator, and the water in the second water collecting chamber enters a reactor to participate in hydrogen production reaction after being recycled through a water storage tank;
the low temperature mode assists in fuel cell start-up and hydrogen supply to the fuel cell includes:
conveying water in the water storage tank to a reactor to react with aluminum raw materials to generate high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen, opening a first control valve to enable a valve inlet I to be communicated with a valve outlet II, and conveying the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen to a gas-water separator through an exhaust port; the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen exchanges heat with cold air in a cooling air passage in a gas-water separation pipe, hot hydrogen output by the gas-water separator is input from an anode inlet of the fuel cell under the suction of a third driving pump, hot air output by the cooling air passage is input from a cathode inlet of the fuel cell, and the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell are heated simultaneously, so that the stack temperature of the fuel cell is improved; the storage battery is used for loading reverse direct current to the two ends of the fuel cell through the positive electrode pair regulating circuit, the current density of the reverse direct current is smaller than the rated current density of the fuel cell, the hydrogen reacts with air to release heat, the temperature of a cell stack of the fuel cell is rapidly increased, and the fuel cell can be started up after reaching the normal starting operation temperature of the fuel cell; the water generated by the fuel cell is conveyed to a second water collecting chamber after being acted by a gas-water separator, and the water in the second water collecting chamber enters the reactor to participate in the hydrogen production reaction after being recycled through a water storage tank.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention provides a hydrogen production device, wherein a heat exchanger is arranged in a reactor, a heat exchange tube is arranged in the heat exchanger, one end of the heat exchange tube is communicated with an exhaust port, the other end of the heat exchange tube is connected with a gas buffer chamber, output water of the heat exchanger is used for being conveyed to a water inlet to provide reaction water for the reactor, and the heat exchanger is arranged in the reactor and can directly absorb heat in the reactor, so that the heat exchanger outputs hot water and provides reaction water for the reactor, the hydrogen production reaction is facilitated, and the energy consumption for heating the reaction water is reduced. The invention utilizes the aluminum water reaction site to prepare hydrogen, has high integration level, small volume, easy maintenance and low cost, and is suitable for the fields of field operation, emergency rescue, military operation and the like.
2. The invention provides a self-circulation hydrogen generation system and a working method thereof, hydrogen is generated by a reactor, and product water generated after power generation by a fuel cell can participate in hydrogen production reaction again after being recycled, so that the raw material water demand of the hydrogen production technology is reduced, the volume and the weight of the self-circulation hydrogen generation system are reduced, and the portability and the practicability of the self-circulation hydrogen generation system are greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a state diagram of a self-circulating hydrogen generation system according to the present invention starting up the self-circulating hydrogen generation system in a normal mode;
FIG. 2 is a state diagram of a self-circulating hydrogen generation system according to the present invention for assisting in fuel cell start-up in a low temperature mode;
in the figure: 1-a reactor; 2-a water inlet; 3-exhaust port; 4-a heat exchanger; 5-a heat exchange tube; 6-a gas buffer chamber; 7-a water storage tank; 8-a water outlet; 9-a water inlet; 10-spraying pipes; 11-a waterproof breathable film; 12-a first water collection chamber; 13-cooling water channels; 18-a first drive pump; 19-a second drive pump; 20-a third drive pump; 21-a gas-water separator; 22-a second water collection chamber; 23-a first control valve; 24-storage battery; 25-positive and negative pole alignment circuits; 26-a control unit; 27-a first pressure sensor; 28-a second pressure sensor; 29-level gauge; 30-a second control valve; 31-a third control valve; 32-a fourth control valve; 33-a fifth control valve; 34-a sixth control valve; 35-seventh control valve; 36-eighth control valve; 37-ninth control valve; 38-tenth control valve; 39-eleventh control valve; 40-twelfth control valve; 41-thirteenth control valve; 42-cooling air passages; 43-gas-water separation pipe; 44-a first draft tube; 45-a second flow guide pipe; 46-a first level switch; 47-second level switch.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a hydrogen production device, which utilizes an aluminum water reaction site to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen production device comprises a reactor 1, wherein the reactor 1 is provided with a water inlet 2 and an exhaust port 3, a water source enters the reactor 1 through the water inlet 2 to react to generate hydrogen, the exhaust port 3 is arranged at the top of the reactor 1, and the hydrogen generated by the reactor 1 is discharged through the exhaust port 3.
The reactor 1 is internally provided with a heat exchanger 4, the heat exchanger 4 is internally provided with a heat exchange tube 5, one end of the heat exchange tube 5 is communicated with the exhaust port 3, the other end of the heat exchange tube 5 is connected with a gas cache chamber 6, the gas cache chamber 6 can be arranged outside or inside the reactor 1, and when the gas cache chamber 6 is arranged inside the reactor 1, the outer wall of the gas cache chamber 6 is provided with a heat insulation coating for blocking heat exchange between the gas cache chamber 6 and the reactor 1.
The output water of the heat exchanger 4 is used for being conveyed to the water inlet 2 to provide reaction water for the reactor 1, and as the hydrogen production reaction is exothermic, the heat exchanger 4 is arranged in the reactor 1, and the heat exchanger 4 can directly absorb heat in the reactor 1, so that the heat exchanger 4 outputs hot water and provides reaction water for the reactor 1, thereby being beneficial to the hydrogen production reaction and reducing the energy consumption for heating the reaction water.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen production apparatus further includes a water storage tank 7, the water storage tank 7 being in communication with the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1; the heat exchanger 4 is provided with a water outlet 8, the water outlet 8 is communicated with the water storage tank 7 through a first driving pump 18, and specifically, the first driving pump 18 is a water-air dual-purpose pump. The hot water output by the heat exchanger 4 is temporarily stored in the water storage tank 7 and then is conveyed into the reactor 1 through the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1. The first driving pump 18 is provided with a first driving pump inlet, a second driving pump inlet, a third driving pump inlet, a fifth driving pump inlet and a first driving pump outlet, the first driving pump inlet is communicated with an external water source for providing water for the water storage tank 7, the external water source is provided with a water source pipe, and the water source pipe is provided with a filter screen and a twelfth control valve 40; the second driving pump inlet is communicated with the water outlet 8 of the heat exchanger 4 and is used for conveying hot water output by the heat exchanger 4 to the water storage tank 7. The driving pump inlet five communicates with the exhaust port 3 of the reactor 1, and an eleventh control valve 39 is connected between the driving pump inlet five and the exhaust port 3. The top of the water storage tank 7 is provided with an emptying port, and the emptying port is connected with an eighth control valve 36 for realizing the emptying treatment of the water storage tank 7.
Specifically, the heat exchanger 4 is provided with a water inlet 9, and the water inlet 9 is communicated with the water storage tank 7 through a second driving pump 19, and specifically, the second driving pump 19 is a water pump. The second driving pump 19 is provided with a driving pump inlet IV, a driving pump outlet II and a driving pump outlet III, the driving pump inlet IV is connected with the outlet end of the water storage tank 7, a thirteenth control valve 41 is connected between the driving pump inlet IV and the outlet end of the water storage tank 7, the driving pump outlet II is connected with the water inlet 9 of the heat exchanger 4, the driving pump outlet III is connected with the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1, and a ninth control valve 37 is connected between the driving pump outlet III and the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1.
When the water tank 7 is emptied, the first driving pump 18 is started, the eleventh control valve 39 and the twelfth control valve 40 are opened, air in the water pipeline, the reactor 1 and the heat exchanger 4 enters the water tank 7 under the suction action of the first driving pump 18, the eighth control valve 36 is opened to enter an emptying program, an external water source input by the first driving pump inlet enters the water tank 7, and as the water level in the water tank 7 rises to a preset upper limit water level (namely, water is filled up), the air in the water tank 7 is emptied through the eighth control valve 36 under the pressure of the water. The eighth control valve 36 and the twelfth control valve 40 are closed, the thirteenth control valve 41 is opened, water in the water storage tank 7 enters the heat exchanger 4 through the water inlet 9, the water level in the water storage tank 7 is reduced to a preset lower limit water level, the twelfth control valve 40 is opened to continuously input water into the water storage tank 7 until the preset upper limit water level is reached again, the first driving pump 18 is stopped, the twelfth control valve 40 is closed, and the emptying and water adding of the hydrogen production device are completed.
In this embodiment, an injection pipe 10 communicating with the water inlet 2 is disposed in the reactor 1, and a plurality of injection holes are disposed on the injection pipe 10. The reaction water supplied from the water inlet 2 is uniformly sprayed on the aluminum raw material through the spray holes of the spray pipe 10, and reacts with the aluminum raw material in the reactor 1 to generate hydrogen. The reaction of water with the aluminum feedstock is exothermic, and the hot hydrogen produced contains water vapor.
In this embodiment, a waterproof and breathable film 11 is disposed between the heat exchange tube 5 and the gas buffer chamber 6, and a first water collection chamber 12 is connected to the bottom of the heat exchange tube 5. The waterproof and breathable film 11 allows only gas to pass therethrough, and water cannot pass therethrough. The gas output by the exhaust port 3 contains water vapor, the gas is subjected to heat exchange cooling in the heat exchange tube 5, liquid water is formed after the water vapor is cooled and is stored in the first water collecting chamber 12, and cooled hydrogen passes through the waterproof breathable film 11 and is stored in the gas cache chamber 6.
In this embodiment, an S-shaped cooling water channel 13 is provided in the heat exchanger 4, the heat exchange tube 5 is spiral, and the heat exchange tube 5 is installed in the cooling water channel 13, which can greatly increase the cooling time of the gas, cool the water vapor into liquid water, and store the liquid water in the first water collection chamber 12. Preferably, the gas flow direction of the heat exchange tube 5 is opposite to the liquid flow direction of the cooling water channel 13.
In this embodiment, the reactor 1 includes a main body and a cover plate connected to the main body, where the main body is detachably connected to the cover plate, for example, by a bolt or a lock catch, and a sealing rubber ring is between the main body and the cover plate, and a plug-in line-collecting power strip is disposed on the cover plate. When the aluminum raw material for reaction needs to be replaced, the pluggable line concentration power strip is pulled out, the cover plate is detached, the reaction products (the components are alumina and catalyst) in the main body are cleaned, the materials are reloaded, the cover plate is covered, and the pluggable line concentration power strip is plugged. The plug-in type line concentration power strip is provided with a quick gas-liquid pipe joint, and the quick gas-liquid pipe joint comprises a water inlet joint and an air outlet joint.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment provides a self-circulation hydrogen generation system, which comprises a hydrogen combustion device and a reactor 1, wherein the reactor 1 is provided with a water inlet 2 and an exhaust port 3, a heat exchanger 4 is arranged in the reactor 1, a heat exchange tube 5 is arranged in the heat exchanger 4, one end of the heat exchange tube 5 is communicated with the exhaust port 3, the other end of the heat exchange tube 5 is connected with a gas cache chamber 6, the gas cache chamber 6 is communicated with the hydrogen combustion device, and hydrogen in the gas cache chamber 6 is used by the hydrogen combustion device; still include storage water tank 7, storage water tank 7 and the water inlet 2 intercommunication of reactor 1, heat exchanger 4 is equipped with delivery port 8 and water inlet 9, delivery port 8 and water inlet 9 respectively through first driving pump 18 and second driving pump 19 with storage water tank 7 intercommunication, the water that hydrogen burner produced is used for carrying to storage water tank 7, realizes water cyclic utilization. Specifically, the first driving pump 18 is a water-air dual-purpose pump, and the second driving pump 19 is a water pump.
In this embodiment, an injection pipe 10 communicating with the water inlet 2 is provided in the reactor 1 of the self-circulation hydrogen generation system, and an injection hole is provided in the injection pipe 10. An S-shaped cooling water channel 13 is arranged in the heat exchanger 4, the heat exchange tube 5 is spiral, the heat exchange tube 5 is arranged in the cooling water channel 13, and the gas flowing direction of the heat exchange tube 5 is opposite to the liquid flowing direction of the cooling water channel 13. The reactor 1 comprises a main body and a cover plate connected with the main body, and a plug-in type line concentration power strip is arranged on the cover plate.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen combustion device includes a fuel cell provided with a shutdown purge device, the shutdown purge device includes a third driving pump 20 and a gas-water separator 21, an inlet end of the gas-water separator 21 is communicated with a cathode exhaust port of the fuel cell, an inlet end of the third driving pump 20 is communicated with a gas outlet end of the gas-water separator 21, and an outlet end of the third driving pump 20 is respectively communicated with an anode inlet and a cathode inlet of the fuel cell. Specifically, the third driving pump 20 is an air pump. A third control valve 31 is connected between the inlet end of the gas-water separator 21 and the cathode exhaust port of the fuel cell for controlling the gas-liquid output of the cathode exhaust port.
A second control valve 30 is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell for controlling the input of hydrogen. A fourth control valve 32 is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell for controlling the input of air. The outlet end of the third driving pump 20 is connected with a fifth control valve 33, the fifth control valve 33 is a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve, the input end of the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the outlet end of the third driving pump 20, one output end of the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve is an emptying port, and the other two output ends of the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with a fourth control valve 32 and a second control valve 30.
In this embodiment, the gas-water separator 21 includes a housing, in which a gas-water separation tube 43 is disposed, and a waterproof and breathable film is disposed inside the gas-water separation tube 43 to separate gas from water. An inlet of the gas-water separation pipe 43 is communicated with an inlet end of the gas-water separator 21, a gas outlet of the gas-water separation pipe 43 is communicated with a gas outlet end of the gas-water separator 21, and a liquid outlet of the gas-water separation pipe 43 is connected with a second water collecting chamber 22; a cooling air passage 42 is arranged between the shell and the gas-water separation pipe 43, one end of the cooling air passage 42 is communicated with the outside air, and the other end of the cooling air passage is communicated with a cathode inlet of the fuel cell. The gas-water separation pipe 43 is a spiral pipe, the cooling air passage 42 is S-shaped, and the gas-water separation pipe 43 is arranged on the cooling air passage 42. The outside cold air is heated by the air-water separation pipe 43 and supplied to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell, so that the temperature of the stack of the fuel cell can be raised.
In this embodiment, the first driving pump 18 is provided with a first driving pump inlet, a second driving pump inlet, a third driving pump inlet and a first driving pump outlet, and the first driving pump inlet is communicated with an external water source for providing water to the water storage tank 7, the external water source is provided with a water source pipe, and the water source pipe is provided with a filter screen and a twelfth control valve 40; the second driving pump inlet is communicated with the water outlet 8 of the heat exchanger 4 and is used for conveying hot water output by the heat exchanger 4 to the water storage tank 7. The third driving pump inlet is communicated with the second water collecting chamber 22, and the first driving pump outlet is communicated with the water storage tank 7. A sixth control valve 34 is connected between the third driving pump inlet and the second water collecting chamber 22, after the reaction inside the fuel cell generates water, the water is discharged from the liquid outlet end after being separated by the gas-water separator 21, and is conveyed into the water storage tank 7 by the first driving pump 18, so that the water is recycled. Wherein, drive pump entry three and sixth control valve 34 set up seventh control valve 35 between, seventh control valve 35 is the check valve, prevents water from flowing backward into the fuel cell.
In this embodiment, the second driving pump 19 is provided with a driving pump inlet four, a driving pump outlet two and a driving pump outlet three, wherein the driving pump inlet four is connected with the outlet end of the water storage tank 7, the driving pump outlet two is connected with the water inlet 9 of the heat exchanger 4, and the driving pump outlet three is connected with the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1. Wherein, a ninth control valve 37 is arranged on a pipeline of the driving pump outlet III communicated with the water inlet 2 of the reactor 1 and is used for controlling the water input amount in unit time of the reactor 1, thereby controlling the hydrogen production amount in unit time of the reactor 1.
In this embodiment, a waterproof and breathable film 11 is disposed between the heat exchange tube 5 and the gas buffer chamber 6, the heat exchange tube 5 is provided with a first water collection chamber 12, and the heat exchange tube 5 is connected with the first water collection chamber 12 through a first guide tube 44; the gas-water separation pipe 43 is connected with the second water collection chamber 22 through a second guide pipe 45, the second water collection chamber 22 is communicated with the first water collection chamber 12, and a tenth control valve 38 is connected between the second water collection chamber 22 and the first water collection chamber 12. Because the air pressure of the heat exchange tube 5 is greater than the air pressure of the air-water separation tube 43 (the air pressure of the air-water separation tube 43 is close to vacuum), the water in the first water collection chamber 12 enters the second water collection chamber 22 under the action of the air pressure, and then is uniformly collected into the water storage tank 7 through the action of the first driving pump 18, so that the cyclic utilization of the circulating water is realized.
In the present embodiment, the first water collection chamber 12 and the second water collection chamber 22 are respectively provided with a first liquid level switch 46 and a second liquid level switch 47, and the first liquid level switch 46 and the second liquid level switch 47 respectively control the opening and closing of the tenth control valve 38 and the sixth control valve 34 according to the liquid level height, so as to control the water storage and the water discharge of the first water collection chamber 12 and the second water collection chamber 22.
When the fuel cell works, air and water discharged from a cathode emptying port of the fuel cell are separated from each other through a gas-water separator 21, and the separated water is collected in a second water collecting chamber 22. The sixth control valve 34 is opened for a fixed period of 1 second to 60 seconds each and the period of evacuation is 0.5 seconds to 3 seconds. The water in the second water collection chamber 22 is collected into the circulating water for cyclic utilization under the suction action of the first driving pump 18, and the separated air is sucked by the third driving pump 20 to the emptying port of the fifth control valve 33 for emptying. The tenth control valve 38 is opened in a fixed period, and because the air pressure of the heat exchange tube 5 is greater than the air pressure of the air-water separation tube 43 (the air pressure of the air-water separation tube 43 is close to vacuum), the water in the first water collection chamber 12 enters the second water collection chamber 22 under the action of the air pressure, and then is uniformly collected into the water storage tank 7 through the action of the first driving pump 18, so that the cyclic utilization of the circulating water is realized.
When the fuel cell is shut down, purging is performed to discharge water in the internal flow channels and electrodes of the fuel cell, the second control valve 30 and the fourth control valve 32 are closed to stop inputting hydrogen and air to the anode inlet and the cathode inlet of the fuel cell, and cathode tail gas discharged from the cathode exhaust port of the fuel cell is separated from water by the gas-water separator 21 and is re-input to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell for cyclic purging under the action of the third driving pump 20. Residual water in the fuel cell stack can be discharged by utilizing the cathode tail gas for multiple circulating purging, so that the damage of the stack caused by freezing of the residual water in the stack under the low-temperature condition after the shutdown is avoided, and the cold start of the fuel cell is facilitated; meanwhile, oxygen in the cathode tail gas and residual hydrogen in the anode gradually react in the process of repeated cyclic purging, so that corrosion caused by high open-circuit voltage due to oxygen enrichment of the fuel cell is avoided.
In this embodiment, a first control valve 23 is disposed between the heat exchange tube 5 and the exhaust port 3, the first control valve 23 is provided with a first valve inlet, a first valve outlet and a second valve outlet, the first valve inlet is communicated with the exhaust port 3, the first valve outlet is communicated with the heat exchange tube 5, and the inlet end of the second valve outlet gas-water separator 21 is communicated with the anode inlet of the fuel cell. The first control valve 23 is used for controlling output of hydrogen, the hydrogen can be stored in a gas buffer zone after being cooled by the heat exchanger 4, and then enters an anode inlet of the fuel cell through the second control valve 30, so that hydrogen input is realized. The hydrogen can also be pumped into the anode inlet of the fuel cell by the third driving pump 20 after the hydrogen can be subjected to heat exchange with cold air through the gas-water separator 21 and water is separated, so that the hydrogen is input.
In this embodiment, the fuel cell is connected to an electricity storage device, the electricity storage device includes a battery 24, and an anode-cathode exchanging circuit 25 is provided between the battery 24 and the fuel cell. The positive and negative pole pair regulating circuit 25 can charge the storage battery 24 when the positive and negative poles of the storage battery 24 are respectively connected with the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell, and can load reverse direct current to the two ends of the fuel cell when the positive and negative poles of the storage battery 24 are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell.
The self-circulation hydrogen generation system has a cold start auxiliary mode function, cold start auxiliary is controlled through the first control valve 23, the electric pile can be quickly heated during cold start of the fuel cell, the operating temperature of the fuel cell which can be normally started can be quickly reached, and the successful start of the fuel cell is assisted. When the fuel cell is cold started, the second driving pump 19 is started to start circulating water (the circulating water can be prevented from freezing due to the flow of water and can be heated by the exothermic heat of the aluminum water reaction), meanwhile, the thirteenth control valve 41 and the ninth control valve 37 are opened, the reaction water pressurized by the second driving pump 19 enters the reactor 1 from the water inlet 2 through the ninth control valve 37 and reacts with the aluminum raw material in the reactor 1 to generate hydrogen, and the reaction of the water and the aluminum raw material is exothermic reaction to generate high-temperature hydrogen containing water vapor. The first control valve 23 controls the valve inlet to be communicated with the valve outlet II so that a passage is formed between the exhaust port 3 and the gas-water separator 21, high-temperature hydrogen generated in the reactor 1 enters the gas-water separator 21 through the exhaust port 3 and passes through the third control valve 31, water is separated from the high-temperature hydrogen and is subjected to heat exchange with cold air, the cold air is input into the anode region of the fuel cell through the fifth control valve 33 and the second control valve 30 under the suction of the third driving pump 20, and meanwhile, the heated air is input into the cathode region of the fuel cell to heat the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell at the same time, so that the internal temperature of the electric pile is quickly increased.
During cold start of the fuel cell, the anode and the cathode of the storage battery 24 are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell, namely, reverse direct current is loaded at two ends of the fuel cell, the temperature rise of a fuel cell stack is accelerated, and the operating temperature of the fuel cell which can be normally started is quickly reached, so that the fuel cell is successfully started. Preferably, the current density of the reverse direct current applied to the two ends of the fuel cell does not exceed the rated current density of the fuel cell.
In this embodiment, the device further comprises a control unit 26, a first pressure sensor 27, a second pressure sensor 28 and a liquid level meter 29, wherein the control unit 26 is respectively connected with the first pressure sensor 27, the second pressure sensor 28 and the liquid level meter 29, the first pressure sensor 27 and the second pressure sensor 28 are respectively used for detecting the internal pressure of the reactor 1 and the gas cache chamber 6, and the liquid level meter 29 is used for detecting the liquid level height of the water storage tank 7. The first control valve 23, the second control valve 30, the third control valve 31, the fourth control valve 32, the fifth control valve 33, the sixth control valve 34, the seventh control valve 35, the eighth control valve 36, the ninth control valve 37, the tenth control valve 38, the eleventh control valve 39, the twelfth control valve 40, and the thirteenth control valve 41 are all electromagnetic valves, and the control unit 26 is electrically connected to the first control valve 23, the second control valve 30, the third control valve 31, the fourth control valve 32, the fifth control valve 33, the sixth control valve 34, the seventh control valve 35, the eighth control valve 36, the ninth control valve 37, the tenth control valve 38, the eleventh control valve 39, the twelfth control valve 40, and the thirteenth control valve 41, respectively, and the control unit 26 controls the opening and closing of the respective electromagnetic valves. Specifically, the control unit 26 is one or a combination of several of a single-chip microcomputer, a DSP, and a PLC.
The control unit 26 is connected to a Battery Management System (BMS) of the fuel cell, acquires fuel cell operation data (output power, cell voltage, pressure, temperature, etc.) in real time, and controls the opening and closing degree of the second control valve 30 according to the output power of the fuel cell, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen received in the fuel cell per unit time. According to the air pressure of the air buffer chamber 6 detected by the second pressure sensor 28, the opening and closing degree of the ninth control valve 37 is dynamically adjusted, so that the stability of hydrogen supply of the self-circulation hydrogen generating system is ensured.
The control unit 26 is connected with the BMS output end of the fuel cell, the BMS input end of the fuel cell is connected with a temperature sensor built in the fuel cell stack, and the BMS of the fuel cell collects the stack temperature measured by the temperature sensor and transmits the stack temperature to the control unit 26. When the fuel cell is started, such as the temperature in the electric pile is lower than a specific temperature, the cold start auxiliary mode of the fuel cell is automatically started to heat the electric pile. When the temperature in the electric pile reaches the operating temperature that the fuel cell can be started normally, the positive-negative electrode regulating circuit 25 is controlled to enable the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the storage battery 24 to be connected with the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell respectively, meanwhile, the first control valve 23 controls the first valve inlet to be communicated with the first valve outlet to enable a passage to be formed between the exhaust port 3 and the heat exchange tube 5, the self-circulation hydrogen generating system is switched into a normal working mode to supply cooled hydrogen for the fuel cell, and the fuel cell enters a normal working state and is started successfully. The heat generated by the oxyhydrogen reaction continues to heat the electric pile under the running state until the optimal performance is achieved.
The invention provides a self-circulation hydrogen generation system, hydrogen is generated by a reactor 1, and product water generated after power generation by a fuel cell can participate in hydrogen production reaction again after being recycled, so that the raw material water demand of hydrogen production technology is reduced, the volume and the weight of the self-circulation hydrogen generation system are reduced, and the portability and the practicability of the self-circulation hydrogen generation system are greatly improved.
The embodiment also provides a working method of the self-circulation hydrogen generation system, which comprises the following steps:
the water storage tank 7, the reactor 1, the heat exchange tube 5 and the gas buffer chamber 6 are emptied, water is added into the water storage tank 7, and the liquid level gauge 29 monitors the liquid level height of the water storage tank 7 in real time;
the reactor 1 is pre-filled with a pre-treated aluminum raw material for reaction containing aluminum and a catalyst, the water storage tank 7 is pre-filled with water, an external water source is delivered to the water storage tank 7 by the first driving pump 18, and the twelfth control valve 40 controls the water input/stop. When the first driving pump 18 is started, the eleventh control valve 39 is opened, air in the water pipeline, the reactor 1 and the heat exchange tube 5 enters the water storage tank 7 under the suction action of the first driving pump 18, the eighth control valve 36 is opened to enter the emptying procedure, meanwhile, water input by an external water source also enters the water storage tank 7, and as the water level in the water storage tank 7 rises to a preset upper limit water level (namely, water is filled up), the air in the water storage tank 7 is emptied through the eighth control valve 36 under the pressure of the water. The eighth control valve 36 and the twelfth control valve 40 are closed, the thirteenth control valve 41 is opened, water in the water storage tank 7 enters the heat exchanger 4, the water level in the water storage tank 7 is reduced to a preset lower limit water level, the twelfth control valve 40 is opened to continuously input water into the water storage tank 7 until the preset upper limit water level is reached again, the first driving pump 18 is stopped, the twelfth control valve 40 is closed, and the emptying and water adding of the self-circulation hydrogen generating system are completed.
Detecting whether the stack temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the normal working temperature, if so, adopting a low-temperature mode to assist the fuel cell to start and supply hydrogen for the fuel cell; if not, starting in a normal mode and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell;
the normal mode starting and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell includes:
delivering water in the water storage tank 7 into the reactor 1 to react with aluminum raw materials to generate high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen, delivering the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen into the heat exchange tube 5 through the exhaust port 3, cooling and dehumidifying to obtain low-temperature dry hydrogen, storing the low-temperature dry hydrogen in the gas cache chamber 6, and delivering the low-temperature dry hydrogen in the gas cache chamber 6 into the fuel cell to start the fuel cell; the water generated by the fuel cell is conveyed to a second water collecting chamber 22 after being acted by a gas-water separator 21, and the water in the second water collecting chamber 22 enters the reactor 1 to participate in hydrogen production reaction after being recycled through a water storage tank 7;
the low temperature mode assists in fuel cell start-up and hydrogen supply to the fuel cell includes:
delivering water in the water storage tank 7 to the reactor 1 to react with aluminum raw materials to generate high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen, opening a first control valve 23 to enable a valve inlet I to be communicated with a valve outlet II, and delivering the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen to the gas-water separator 21 through the exhaust port 3; the high-temperature and high-humidity hydrogen gas exchanges heat with the cold air in the cooling air passage 42 in the gas-water separation pipe 43, and the hot hydrogen gas output from the gas-water separator 21 is input from the anode inlet of the fuel cell under suction of the third drive pump 20; the hot air output by the cooling air flue 42 is input from the cathode inlet of the fuel cell, and is used for heating the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell simultaneously, so that the temperature of a pile of the fuel cell is increased; the battery 24 loads reverse direct current to the two ends of the fuel cell through the positive and negative electrode exchange circuit 25, the current density of the reverse direct current is smaller than the rated current density of the fuel cell, the hydrogen reacts with air to release heat, the temperature of a cell stack of the fuel cell is rapidly increased, and the fuel cell can be started up after reaching the normal starting operation temperature of the fuel cell; the water generated by the fuel cell is conveyed to a second water collecting chamber 22 after being acted by a gas-water separator 21, and the water in the second water collecting chamber 22 enters the reactor 1 to participate in the hydrogen production reaction after being recycled through a water storage tank 7.
The invention uses high-temperature hydrogen generated by hydrogen production reaction to heat the air inlet (air) of the cathode of the fuel cell, the hot hydrogen and the heated air heat the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell simultaneously, thereby rapidly improving the internal temperature of the fuel cell, loading reverse direct current on two ends of the fuel cell, accelerating the cold starting process of the fuel cell and effectively solving the difficult problem that the fuel cell cannot be started in a low-temperature environment.
The invention is not limited to the alternative embodiments described above, but any person may derive other various forms of products in the light of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims and the description may be used to interpret the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The self-circulation hydrogen generation system is characterized by comprising a hydrogen combustion device and a reactor (1), wherein the reactor (1) is provided with a water inlet (2) and an exhaust port (3), a heat exchanger (4) is arranged in the reactor (1), a heat exchange tube (5) is arranged in the heat exchanger (4), one end of the heat exchange tube (5) is communicated with the exhaust port (3), the other end of the heat exchange tube (5) is connected with a gas cache chamber (6), and the gas cache chamber (6) is communicated with the hydrogen combustion device; the hydrogen gas combustion device comprises a reactor (1), and is characterized by further comprising a water storage tank (7), wherein the water storage tank (7) is communicated with a water inlet (2) of the reactor (1), a water outlet (8) and a water inlet (9) are formed in the heat exchanger (4), the water outlet (8) and the water inlet (9) are respectively communicated with the water storage tank (7) through a first driving pump (18) and a second driving pump (19), and water generated by the hydrogen gas combustion device is used for being conveyed to the water storage tank (7);
the hydrogen combustion device comprises a fuel cell, the fuel cell is provided with a shutdown purging device, the shutdown purging device comprises a third driving pump (20) and a gas-water separator (21), the inlet end of the gas-water separator (21) is communicated with a cathode emptying port of the fuel cell, the inlet end of the third driving pump (20) is communicated with a gas outlet end of the gas-water separator (21), and the outlet end of the third driving pump (20) is respectively communicated with an anode inlet and a cathode inlet of the fuel cell;
the first driving pump (18) is a water-air dual-purpose pump, and the second driving pump (19) is a water pump.
2. The self-circulation hydrogen generation system according to claim 1, wherein the gas-water separator (21) comprises a housing, a gas-water separation pipe (43) is arranged in the housing, an inlet of the gas-water separation pipe (43) is communicated with an inlet end of the gas-water separator (21), a gas outlet of the gas-water separation pipe (43) is communicated with a gas outlet end of the gas-water separator (21), and a liquid outlet of the gas-water separation pipe (43) is connected with a second water collecting chamber (22); a cooling air passage (42) is arranged between the shell and the gas-water separation pipe (43), one end of the cooling air passage (42) is communicated with the outside air, and the other end of the cooling air passage is communicated with a cathode inlet of the fuel cell.
3. Self-circulation hydrogen generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that the first drive pump (18) is provided with a first drive pump inlet, a second drive pump inlet, a third drive pump inlet and a first drive pump outlet, the first drive pump inlet being in communication with an external water source, the second drive pump inlet being in communication with the water outlet (8) of the heat exchanger (4), the third drive pump inlet being in communication with the second water collection chamber (22), the first drive pump outlet being in communication with the water storage tank (7); a waterproof and breathable film (11) is arranged between the heat exchange tube (5) and the gas cache chamber (6), and the heat exchange tube (5) is connected with a first water collection chamber (12); the gas-water separation pipe (43) is a spiral pipe, the cooling air passage (42) is S-shaped, and the second water collection chamber (22) is communicated with the first water collection chamber (12).
4. A self-circulating hydrogen generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that a first control valve (23) is arranged between the heat exchange tube (5) and the exhaust port (3), the first control valve (23) is provided with a first valve inlet, a first valve outlet and a second valve outlet, the first valve inlet is communicated with the exhaust port (3), the first valve outlet is communicated with the heat exchange tube (5), and the second valve outlet is communicated with the inlet end of a gas-water separator (21) and the anode inlet of the fuel cell; the fuel cell is connected with an electricity storage device, the electricity storage device comprises a storage battery (24), and a positive-negative pole pair regulating circuit (25) is arranged between the storage battery (24) and the fuel cell.
5. The self-circulating hydrogen generation system of claim 4, further comprising a control unit (26), a first pressure sensor (27), a second pressure sensor (28), a level gauge (29) and a second control valve (30), wherein the control unit (26) is connected with the first pressure sensor (27), the second pressure sensor (28), the level gauge (29) and the second control valve (30), respectively, the first pressure sensor (27) and the second pressure sensor (28) are used for detecting the internal pressure of the reactor (1) and the gas buffer chamber (6), respectively, the level gauge (29) is used for detecting the liquid level of the water storage tank (7), and the second control valve (30) is used for controlling the hydrogen gas inlet of the anode inlet of the fuel cell.
6. A method of operating a self-circulating hydrogen gas generation system of claim 5, comprising the steps of:
detecting whether the stack temperature of the fuel cell is lower than the normal working temperature, if so, adopting a low-temperature mode to assist the fuel cell to start and supply hydrogen for the fuel cell; if not, starting in a normal mode and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell;
the normal mode starting and supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell includes:
conveying water in a water storage tank (7) into a reactor (1) to react with aluminum raw materials to generate high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen, conveying the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen into a heat exchange tube (5) through an exhaust port (3), cooling and dehumidifying to obtain low-temperature dry hydrogen, storing the low-temperature dry hydrogen in a gas cache chamber (6), and conveying the low-temperature dry hydrogen in the gas cache chamber (6) into a fuel cell to start the fuel cell; the water generated by the fuel cell is conveyed to a second water collecting chamber (22) after being acted by a gas-water separator (21), and the water in the second water collecting chamber (22) enters a reactor (1) to participate in hydrogen production reaction after being recycled through a water storage tank (7);
the low temperature mode assists in fuel cell start-up and hydrogen supply to the fuel cell includes:
water in the water storage tank (7) is conveyed into the reactor (1) to react with aluminum raw materials to generate high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen, a first control valve (23) is opened to enable a valve inlet I to be communicated with a valve outlet II, and the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen is conveyed to the gas-water separator (21) through the exhaust port (3); the high-temperature high-humidity hydrogen exchanges heat with cold air in a cooling air passage (42) in a gas-water separation pipe (43), hot hydrogen output by a gas-water separator (21) is input from an anode inlet of the fuel cell under the suction of a third driving pump (20), and hot air output by the cooling air passage (42) is input from a cathode inlet of the fuel cell to heat the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell simultaneously, so that the stack temperature of the fuel cell is increased; the storage battery (24) loads reverse direct current to two ends of the fuel cell through the positive and negative pole regulating circuit (25), the current density of the reverse direct current is smaller than the rated current density of the fuel cell, the hydrogen reacts with air to release heat, the temperature of a pile of the fuel cell is quickly increased, and the fuel cell can be started up after reaching the normal starting operation temperature of the fuel cell; the water generated by the fuel cell is conveyed to a second water collecting chamber (22) after being acted by a gas-water separator (21), and the water in the second water collecting chamber (22) enters the reactor (1) to participate in hydrogen production reaction after being recycled through a water storage tank (7).
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| WO2013132536A1 (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
| CN205900704U (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-18 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell's discharging hydrogen system |
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| JP2018106952A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-05 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Fuel cell system and operational method of the same |
| CN208380693U (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-01-15 | 东莞海卓能源科技有限公司 | Vehicular hydrogen generating device and power device |
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| WO2013132536A1 (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
| CN205900704U (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-18 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell's discharging hydrogen system |
| JP2018106952A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-05 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Fuel cell system and operational method of the same |
| CN106784960A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 上海恒劲动力科技有限公司 | A kind of integral type reversible fuel cell system |
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