CN110470805B - 热鲜羊肉判定方法 - Google Patents

热鲜羊肉判定方法 Download PDF

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CN110470805B
CN110470805B CN201910740998.1A CN201910740998A CN110470805B CN 110470805 B CN110470805 B CN 110470805B CN 201910740998 A CN201910740998 A CN 201910740998A CN 110470805 B CN110470805 B CN 110470805B
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陈丽
张德权
侯成立
肖雄
李欣
王振宇
惠腾
郑晓春
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Institute of Food Science and Technology of CAAS
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Abstract

本发明公开了热鲜羊肉判定方法,在肌肉中心温度>4℃,肌肉pH值≥5.8的基础上符合下列条件之一:1)肌肉色泽L值<35且b值<10;2)6.0kg<剪切力值<10kg,即判定为热鲜羊肉。本发明具有判定方法简单、易于操作,准确性和实用性高等优点,既可为消费者购买提供依据,也可为市场监管部门提供监测方法。

Description

热鲜羊肉判定方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种肉的判定方法。更具体地说,本发明涉及热鲜羊肉判定方法。
背景技术
目前我国畜禽肉消费方式主要包括三种:热鲜肉、冷却肉和冷冻肉。冷却肉指畜禽屠宰后经冷却处理,在24h内使肉的中心温度降低到0℃-4℃,并在0℃-4℃的环境中贮存的鲜肉,在西方国家中较为常见。热鲜肉是我国传统畜禽肉品生产销售方式,一般是凌晨宰杀、清早上市。由于其未经历宰后解僵成熟的过程,具有较好的持水性、嫩度和风味,适合中国炖煮、炒制等烹饪方式,一直占据我国鲜肉市场。冷冻肉则是经历过冻结过程,具有较长的货架期,可以以冻肉形式销售,也可以解冻后销售。
从科学层面理解,热鲜肉和冷却肉的本质区别在于是否经历宰后解僵成熟过程。宰后肌肉都会经历僵直解僵成熟过程,僵直是肌肉转变为肉品过程中肌肉发生的最显著的变化,僵直过程分为3个阶段,分别是僵直迟滞期、僵直极速形成期和僵直后期,肌肉在宰后僵直达到最大程度并维持一段时间后进入解僵过程,肌肉的张力开始下降,肉的质地又开始变软。热鲜肉是指屠宰后未经过解僵成熟过程,即未达到僵直最大前已经销售完毕或烹饪完毕的生鲜肉。
热鲜肉符合我国人民消费习惯,一直占据我国鲜肉消费市场,但市面上部分冷冻肉解冻后以鲜肉的形式销售,消费者不易区分。冷冻肉货架期长,但其无论是在持水性还是在嫩度上都较差,因此,冷冻肉价格相对较低,商家将冷冻肉解冻后以鲜肉形式销售会提高利润,因此,亟需一种热鲜肉判定方法,既指导消费者分辨又规范市场。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供热鲜羊肉判定方法,在测定肌肉中心温度和pH值后,再测定肌肉色泽L值、b值和/或剪切力值,之后即可与判断标准数值相比较,得出待测羊肉是否为热鲜羊肉的判定结果。
为了实现根据本发明的这些目的和其它优点,提供了热鲜羊肉判定方法,在肌肉中心温度>4℃,肌肉pH值≥5.8的基础上符合下列条件之一:1)肌肉色泽L值<35且b值<10;2)6.0kg<剪切力值<10kg,即判定为热鲜羊肉。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果:
本发明在测定肌肉中心温度和pH值后,再测定肌肉色泽L值、b值和/或剪切力值,之后即可与判断标准数值相比较,得出待测羊肉是否为热鲜羊肉的判定结果,具有判定方法简单、易于操作,准确性和实用性高等优点,既可为消费者购买提供依据,也可为市场监管部门提供监测方法。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现,部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
需要说明的是,下述实施方案中所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,所述试剂和材料,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。
实施例1
热鲜羊肉判定方法,在肌肉中心温度>4℃,肌肉pH值≥5.8的基础上,符合以下条件:肌肉色泽L值<35且b值<10,即判定为热鲜羊肉。
实施例2
热鲜羊肉判定方法,在肌肉中心温度>4℃,肌肉pH值≥5.8的基础上,符合以下条件:6.0kg<剪切力值<10kg,即判定为热鲜羊肉。
实施例3
热鲜羊肉判定方法,在肌肉中心温度>4℃,肌肉pH值≥5.8的基础上,符合以下条件:肌肉色泽L值<35且b值<10、6.0kg<剪切力值<10kg,即判定为热鲜羊肉。
实施例1-3中剪切力、中心温度、pH值、肉色的测定方法分别如下:
1)剪切力
将肉样置于蒸煮袋内,抽去袋内空气,使肉块表面与蒸煮袋紧贴,密封袋口,没入80℃水浴锅中待中心温度达到70℃,取出肉块冷却至室温并放入4℃冰箱过夜。将肉样沿肌纤维方向切成1.0cm×1.0cm×1.5cm的小块。质构仪(英国Stable Micro System公司,TA-XT2i质构仪)测定条件为:探头型号为HDP/BSW探头,测前速度2.0mm/s,测中速度1.0mm/s,测后速度2.0mm/s,时间间隔5s。每个样品7-10次重复,取平均值。
2)中心温度
采用便携式温度计测定,探头插入深度约为2cm。
3)pH值
将便携式pH计(德国德图公司,Testo 205)探头插入肉中,深度约为2cm,选取3个不同位置测定,结果取平均值。
4)肉色
用CM-600D色差计对肉色指标(L*、a*、b*)进行测定。每个样品的表面随机选择四个位点进行测定,结果取平均值。
验证实验
实验随机采集30块羊肉样品,分别对其温度、pH值、色泽L值、色泽b值和剪切力值进行测定,并判定其是否为热鲜羊肉,实验样品判定结果如表1所示。
表1实验样品判定结果
Figure BDA0002163935730000041
由表1的序号5、10、19对应的测定数据和结果可知:在肌肉中心温度>4℃,肌肉pH值≥5.8的基础上,符合以下条件:肌肉色泽L值<35且b值<10,即判定为热鲜羊肉。由表1的序号4、6、7、8、13、17、18、20对应的测定数据和结果可知:在肌肉中心温度>4℃,肌肉pH值≥5.8的基础上,符合以下条件:6.0kg<剪切力值<10kg,即判定为热鲜羊肉。由表1的1-3、9、11、12、14-16对应的测定数据和结果可知:在肌肉中心温度>4℃,肌肉pH值≥5.8的基础上,符合以下条件:肌肉色泽L值<35且b值<10、6.0kg<剪切力值<10kg,即判定为热鲜羊肉。上述判定结果均与事实相符,准确性高。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的实施例。

Claims (1)

1.热鲜羊肉判定方法,其特征在于,在肌肉中心温度>4℃,肌肉pH值≥5.8的基础上符合下列条件之一:1)肌肉色泽L值<35且b值<10;2)6.0kg<剪切力值<10kg,即判定为热鲜羊肉,其中,中心温度的测定时,采用便携式温度计测定,探头插入深度约为2cm。
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