CN110463450A - Potato nature temperature control storage and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Potato nature temperature control storage and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110463450A
CN110463450A CN201910686297.4A CN201910686297A CN110463450A CN 110463450 A CN110463450 A CN 110463450A CN 201910686297 A CN201910686297 A CN 201910686297A CN 110463450 A CN110463450 A CN 110463450A
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China
Prior art keywords
potato
library
temperature control
control storage
temperature
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CN201910686297.4A
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CN110463450B (en
Inventor
邵重晓
熊忠飞
李喜宏
李惠
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Shaanxi Fruit Industry Cold Chain New Material Co ltd
Tianjin Gasin Dh Fresh Technology Co ltd
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TIANJIN JIESHENG DONGHUI FRESH-PRESERVATION TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
    • A01F25/14—Containers specially adapted for storing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
    • A01F25/16—Arrangements in forage silos
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
    • A01F25/16—Arrangements in forage silos
    • A01F25/22—Ventilating arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B7/157—Inorganic compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/51—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for storing agricultural or horticultural products

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of potato nature temperature control storages, structure are as follows: the library including four side heat preserving exterior walls composition, the library is located in the embedding slot being formed on ground, the library top is formed with horizontal the library top plate, and the library top plate top is formed with triangle top cover, and the library quadrangle is supported by concrete column, plenum partitions are arranged in parallel in the bottom interval of the library, north and south two to wall on ventilating door is set, in potato pile fill potato emulation buries sand, for after ventilation to potato carry out preservation.Present invention introduces fruits and vegetables to be atomized mould proof new technology, handles potato using the micron particles that the atomization of the food-grades such as CIPC, chlorine dioxide Suckering agents and fungicide is formed, sprout inhibition is antibacterial.When long-term storage, periodic pulses formula processing as needed, 40-60 seconds each, various fungicide, which are used interchangeably, avoids phytotoxicity and pathogenic bacteria drug resistance.

Description

Potato nature temperature control storage and its manufacturing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of preservation of fresh, especially a kind of potato nature temperature control storage and its manufacturing method.
Background technique
The effects of potato nutritional value is abundant, has weight-reducing, prevents apoplexy.The storage of potato is mostly to be stacked In storehouse, it is extremely inconvenient to pick and place, and can disturb other potatos in fetching process, cause to damage.The corruption outflow of individual potatos Sanies often lead to the corruption of a sheet of potato, phenomena such as storage loss is larger.
Potato after having left parent and fertility system, interior moisture content can and physical evaporation rising by physiology, And gradually scatter and disappear, a few days, will be at the state being almost dehydrated.Therefore postharvest storage generally all need to be with artificial Or the mode of mechanical sprinkling feeds moisture, but water source used in this mode inherently has problem, it will usually carry a large amount of Phytopathogenic microorganisms and worm's ovum and accelerate the putrid and deteriorated process of fruits and vegetables, while need certain mechanical investment and Artificial investment lasting for a long time.In addition, the high humidity environment that sprinkling moisture is formed is easy to promote potato sprout again, nutrient is consumed, is lost Go its commodity and commodity value.
In addition, potato product after harvesting, still will carry out certain physiological activity, the higher such activity of temperature It is stronger.Such activity will largely consume the organic principle that potato includes, and lead to a large amount of losses of its nutritional ingredient, Substantially reduce its commodity value.If temperature control processing is pre-chilled by the way of freezer storage, expense is costly, and cost is excessively high. And by the way of normal temperature laboratory storage, fruits and vegetables will soon be dehydrated, or even rot, no longer fresh.
Therefore, be badly in need of develop a kind of potato nature temperature control storage, do not depend on or rely on less mechanical equipment, facility and In the case where industrial energy, achieve the effect that low temperature and natural constant temperature, natural moisturizing, naturally antibacterial, the guarantor of raising water fruits and vegetables Fresh storage quality extends the fresh-retaining preserving phase, conducive to the light prosperous channelling surplus goods to needly areas of seasonality, spatiality and the marketing of water fruits and vegetables, The above problem can be fully solved.
By retrieval, patent document relevant to the application, specific disclosure are as follows as follows for discovery:
The application carries out specific aim research and development according to the prior art and the defect of related patents, obtains the better Ma Ling of effect Potato preservation method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide in place of overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of fresh keeping property is good, lightweight breathable, height The potato nature temperature control storage and its manufacturing method of water-absorbing-retaining.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:
A kind of potato nature temperature control storage, the library including four side heat preserving exterior walls composition, the library are located at ground In the embedding slot being formed with, it is embedded in groove depth 0.5m, exterior wall is 0.2m at a distance from cell wall, and the library top is formed with horizontal the library top plate, The library top plate top is formed with triangle top cover；
North and south two to wall on ventilating door is set, ventilating board, the plenum partitions punching, aperture are embedded in ventilating door 10mm, hole knockout 10cm × 10cm；It is provided with draught cupboard above the exterior wall, convection current is formed with air outside library, Ma Ling is discharged Potato breathes exhaust gas, while auxiliary temperature-reducing；Atomising device is installed below horizontal the library top plate；
Plenum partitions are arranged in parallel in the bottom interval of the library, plenum partitions upper ends potato pile is under heat preserving exterior wall Portion, the exterior wall surrounding on plenum partitions top are formed with the ventilation device and temperature and humidity control device composition in ventilation hole bottom storehouse portion；In the library Multiple sensors are installed.
Moreover, setting is located inside and outside library by Temperature Humidity Sensor, temperature and humidity measurement probe below the draught cupboard Two sides.
Moreover, the atomising device is micron order atomizer, atomizing particle size 30um or so, aerosolizable CIPC, chlorine dioxide Etc. food-grades Suckering agents and fungicide.
Moreover, filling potato emulation in potato pile buries sand；It is made of following materials in percentage by mass and weight hundred Divide ratio as follows:
Moreover, the modification infusorial earth is placed in container the preparation method is as follows: weighing diatomite, first in 300~320W 10~15min is handled under microwave power, be placed in water bath with thermostatic control, quality point is added dropwise in the case where 300r/min is stirred at low speed The sulfuric acid solution of 3~5wt% of number, wherein diatomite quality g and sulfuric acid solution volume mL ratio are 1:3, then adjust revolving speed 600r/ Min stirs 5~6h, is washed with 1wt%NaOH solution to neutrality after cooling, dries 3h with 100~110 DEG C of conditions, is modified Diatomite.
Moreover, the modification infusorial earth the preparation method is as follows: first by perlite particle carry out 110 DEG C of pre- thermal agitations The surface of the modified additive ammonium hydroxide adjustment perlite of perlite weight 1-5wt% is first added in 10min, mixing speed 800r/min Current potential, promotion coupling agent are bonded with its surface, the silane coupling agent of perlite weight 2wt% are added, at 160~180 DEG C Modified 40~the 50min in surface is carried out, modified pearl rock powder is obtained by filtration.
Moreover, the modification infusorial earth the preparation method is as follows: polymerization is as follows:
1. polymeric solution prepare: in mass ratio by potassium peroxydisulfate and polyacrylamide be added sequentially to concentration be 30% third In olefin(e) acid solution, polyvinyl alcohol is added after being dispersed with stirring 5min in high-speed mixer 600r/min, then carries out ultrasonic mixing dispersion, Ultrasonic power 300W, jitter time 20min, obtains polymeric solution；2. polymerization reaction: by modified diatomite and expanded pearlite Rock ultra-fine grinding is added in above-mentioned polymeric solution to 800 mesh, 4~6h of heating reaction under the conditions of prior to 50~60 DEG C temperature, then 70~80 DEG C of reaction 2h are warming up to, the imitative husky material of gel is obtained；3. by the imitative husky material of above-mentioned gel through 110 DEG C of hot conditions Drying is mechanically pulverized to 0.08~2mm to 5~8wt% of water content, obtains final imitation-sand grain.
Moreover, the initiator is potassium peroxydisulfate, the crosslinking agent is polyacrylamide, the dispersing agent is polyethylene Alcohol.
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
1, traditional potato storehouse is manually sprayed insecticide without the drop residual device of agriculture, and the residual content of agriculture is high；Inside and outside humid air library Though convection current improves dehydration but can promote potato sprout, quality is influenced；Potato sanies promotes bacterial reproduction, causes potato disease pest Evil.Present invention introduces fruits and vegetables to be atomized mould proof new technology, using the atomization of the food-grades such as CIPC, chlorine dioxide Suckering agents and fungicide The micron particles of formation handle potato, and sprout inhibition is antibacterial.When long-term storage, periodic pulses formula processing as needed, each 40- 60 seconds, various fungicide, which are used interchangeably, avoided phytotoxicity and pathogenic bacteria drug resistance, solved at conventional sterilants infusion method Reason is uneven, it is dry it is difficult, machinery wound is big, residual quantity is high, the industries problem such as time-consuming.
2, traditional potato storehouse is divulged information using Electric air valve and air-introduced machine, though can reducing temperature and humidity, update air in library, But a large amount of consumption energy of mechanical temp controlled refrigeration；Gravity-flow ventilation ventilation easily causes storehouse temperature fluctuation big, and temperature field stability is poor.This Invention is radiated with gravity-flow ventilation freezes, while being evaporated the water freezing by change of state using underground heat, with seasonal variations, according to library internal and external environment temperature Degree converts and adjusts refrigeration modes, does not use Electric air valve and air-introduced machine to divulge information, substantially reduces energy consumption；Orifice plate blowing refrigeration More uniform temperature better ensures that fruit vegetables storing quality.
3, traditional potato storehouse utilizes day and night temperature, and air in library is made to form convection current, and exchange updates empty in library naturally Gas.However it is strong to seasonal dependence, autumn and winter cold ambient air temperature convection current can be such that potato damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature；Picking cause it is mechanical and Artificial injury need to be unfavorable for callus in hot and humid environment callus, low temperature environment；Dehydration caused by cross-ventilation seriously reduces horse Bell potato nutritive value and commercial value.The present invention uses completely new potato antistaling process technology, and whole pile stacking, high temperature and humidity is quick It is aided with the big account spontaneous controlled-atmosphere of punching, deepfreeze antibacterial in conjunction with shortwave blue light, real-time database temperature fluctuation monitoring and adjustment after callus, Create good storage environment.
4, the present invention uses microencapsulated particles (anti-cryogen, O2Sustained release agent/CO2Absorbent) it is dispersed in imitative husky material. The anti-cryogen of methyl jasmonate-, exogenous application are remarkably improved the anti-oxidant enzyme activity such as low temperature stress Potato stem tuber SOD, CAT Property, active oxygen radical is reduced to plasma membrane damage, while can be reduced and be damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature by the change of metabolic pathway.CaO2- solid oxygen source, Chance humid air release oxygen is of long duration, speed is uniform, while the calcium hydroxide generated can be used as CO2 absorbent, and collaboration keeps storing Hide gas concentration in environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is storage structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the other side schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
1, atomising device, 2, draught cupboard, 3, sensor, 4, top cover, 5 potato piles, 6, the library top plate, 7, heat preserving exterior wall, 8, thermal evaporation device for cooling, 9, plenum partitions, 10, sensor, 11 sensors, 12 ventilating doors.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing and by specific embodiment, and following embodiment is descriptive , it is not restrictive, this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
A kind of potato nature temperature control storage, structure are as follows: the library including four side heat preserving exterior walls composition, the library are located at In the embedding slot being formed on ground, it is embedded in groove depth 0.5m, exterior wall is 0.2m at a distance from cell wall, and the library top is formed with horizontal the library Top plate, the library top plate top are formed with triangle top cover, and the library quadrangle is supported by concrete column.
North and south two to wall on ventilating door is set, ventilating board, the plenum partitions punching, aperture are embedded in ventilating door 10mm, hole knockout 10cm × 10cm.It is provided with draught cupboard above the exterior wall, convection current is formed with air outside library, Ma Ling is discharged Potato breathes exhaust gas, while auxiliary temperature-reducing.Setting is by Temperature Humidity Sensor, temperature and humidity measurement probe difference below the draught cupboard Inside and outside library, lower section Intelligent ventilating apparatus and temperature and humidity control device are connected with change-over switch by transmission line.The intelligence Energy ventilation device includes Natural Ventilation Mode and the ground cold mode of thermal evaporation, is converted for environment temperature in Various Seasonal.
Atomising device is installed below horizontal the library top plate, the atomising device is micron order atomizer, top filler Room, atomizing particle size 30um or so, the food-grades such as aerosolizable CIPC, chlorine dioxide Suckering agents and fungicide, effectively reduce agriculture it is residual and Antistaling agent dosage.
Plenum partitions are arranged in parallel in the bottom interval of the library, plenum partitions upper ends potato pile, under plenum partitions Side is configured thermal evaporation device for cooling.Thermal evaporation device for cooling in ground is multi-pipeline multisection type underground water device for trapping, including Groundwater Cold cooling and gravity-flow ventilation squeeze underground water pipeline interception water freezing by change of state.
In heat preserving exterior wall lower part, the exterior wall surrounding on plenum partitions top is formed with the ventilation device and temperature control in ventilation hole bottom storehouse portion Control wet device composition；
Multiple sensors, including temperature sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor are installed in the library Control device is connected, temperature and humidity control device in the library is intelligent, and controller converts work with probe change in detection signal.
Potato emulation is filled in potato pile and buries sand, for carrying out preservation to potato after ventilation.
The ventilation refrigerating method of the library of the present invention are as follows: including gravity-flow ventilation refrigeration and underground heat evaporative phase-change refrigeration mode.With Season is different, and such as time-division late spring in early autumn, when temp probe detection outside air temperature is higher than temperature (4 DEG C) in library, fence gate is closed downwards, Using underground heat evaporative phase-change refrigeration mode, one side natural wind squeezes underground water pipeline interception water freezing by change of state, on the other hand This season ground water temperature is relatively low, water cooling auxiliary temperature-reducing；When temp probe detection outside air temperature is lower than temperature (4 DEG C) in library, fence gate Upwardly open, gravity-flow ventilation refrigeration become main refrigerant mode, exchanged by convected air, cold air from bottom ventilation orifice plate into Cooling in storage, when library temperature is lower than 0 DEG C, fence gate is closed downwards.Change with air current composition, exterior wall overdraught cupboard air inducing maintains Ku Wen balance.
The mould proof solid wet method of the library of the present invention are as follows: circulation in micron order atomizing particle library is discharged by atomizer and reaches mesh , atomizer contains multiple filler chamber, and can be filled includes food-grades Suckering agents and the fungicide such as CIPC, chlorine dioxide and humidification institute The liquid water needed.When it is suitable for storing humidity (85%-90%) that humidity, which is lower than potato, in moisture probe detection library, atomizing humidifying performance Device change-over switch is opened, and micron order water mist recycles humidification with cross-ventilation in library, until being suitable for change-over switch pass when storing humidity It closes.In addition, handling Ma Ling using the micron particles that the atomization of the food-grades such as CIPC, chlorine dioxide Suckering agents and fungicide is formed Potato, sprout inhibition are antibacterial.When long-term storage, periodic pulses formula processing as needed, 40-60 seconds each, various fungicide can be handed over Phytotoxicity and pathogenic bacteria drug resistance are avoided for using.Furthermore the antibacterial processing of the daily 30min shortwave blue light (420nm) of storage period, together When inhibit potato greening, guarantee storage quality, it is green safe.
Antistaling process technology: after harvesting, library temperature adjusts 30 DEG C, and humid control is 90% or so, high temperature and humidity callus 7 days. 2-4 DEG C of temperature control, whole pile, pile spacing 0.3m, per small pile, set punches big account spontaneous controlled-atmosphere, heat and moisture preserving.
It is as follows that husky formula is buried in the emulation of potato used in the present invention: it is made of following materials in percentage by mass:
Preparation method:
1. diatomite modified: weighing a certain amount of diatomite and be placed in container, first handle 10 under 300~320W microwave power ~15min, be placed in water bath with thermostatic control, the sulfuric acid of 3~5wt% of mass fraction is added dropwise in the case where 300r/min is stirred at low speed Solution, wherein diatomite quality (g) and sulfuric acid solution volume (mL) be than being 1:3, then adjust revolving speed 600r/min stirring 5~ 6h is washed with 1wt%NaOH solution to neutrality after cooling, is dried 3h with 100~110 DEG C of conditions, is obtained modification infusorial earth.
Modified explanation: diatomite is modified using microwave combination acidic treatment, one side microwave treatment can remove Partial moisture in diatomite increases its hole and specific surface area, improves adsorption effect.On the other hand pass through the etching action of strong acid The impurity for removing diatomite particle surface, improves the purity of diatomite, while reducing its density, the lightweight of change, increases its Kong Rong With specific surface area, hence it is evident that improve diatomite pore structure, and then improve its absorption property.Increase through above-mentioned modification specific surface area Add 56%, adsorption rate improves 41%.
2. expanded perlite is modified: perlite particle being carried out 110 DEG C of pre- thermal agitation 10min, mixing speed 800r/ first The surface potential of modified additive ammonium hydroxide (ammonium hydroxide: water=1:2) the adjustment perlite of perlite weight 1-5wt% is first added in min, Promotion coupling agent is bonded with its surface, adds silane coupling agent (KH550) (beforehand dilution silicon of perlite weight 2wt% Alkane coupling agent to concentration is 50wt%, and solvent is dehydrated alcohol), in the modified 40~50min in 160~180 DEG C of progress surfaces, filtering Obtain modified pearl rock powder.
Modified explanation: expanded perlite quality water absorption rate up to itself 4-9 times, and the thermal conductivity ratio air of water is big by 24 Times, seriously affect the effect of its insulation.After hydrophobic modified, the inside that moisture can be prevented to enter expanded perlite is empty Hole.Silane coupling agent and perlite powder are combined in the form of the unimolecule coating of hydrogen bond and condensation, are firmly combined Hydrophobicity enhancing.
3. polymeric solution prepare: in mass ratio by potassium peroxydisulfate and polyacrylamide be added sequentially to concentration be 30% third In olefin(e) acid solution, polyvinyl alcohol is added after being dispersed with stirring 5min in high-speed mixer 600r/min, then carries out ultrasonic mixing dispersion, Ultrasonic power 300W, jitter time 20min, obtains polymeric solution.
4. polymerization reaction: by modified diatomite and expanded perlite ultra-fine grinding to 800 mesh, being added to above-mentioned polymerization In solution, 4~6h of heating reaction under the conditions of prior to 50~60 DEG C temperature, then 70~80 DEG C of reaction 2h are warming up to, obtain gel Imitative sand material.
5. the imitative husky material of above-mentioned gel is dry to 5~8wt% of water content through 110 DEG C of hot conditions, it is mechanically pulverized extremely 0.08~2mm obtains final imitation-sand grain.
Three, the formula (parts by weight) of the above-mentioned fresh-keeping particle of microencapsulation used: 1~3 part of methyl jasmonate, CaO21~3 Part, 5~10 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 5~15 parts of chitosan, 4~8 parts of sodium alginate, 0.3~0.5 part of Tween-80, sterile water 100 Part.
Preparation method: beta-cyclodextrin and sterile water are added in triangular flask by predetermined weight per distribution ratio, with revolving speed 800 ~1500r/min stirring, is then heated to 60~80 DEG C and is completely dissolved beta-cyclodextrin, continue to stir and be gradually cooling to solution 35~45 DEG C, methyl jasmonate and CaO is added2Make to be dispersed in solution, forms single wall twin-core after being slowly dropped to room temperature Beta-cyclodextrin-methyl jasmonate-CaO2It is mixed that second layer chitosan/sodium alginate composition is added in microcapsules on this basis Combine harmoniously material, and wherein the weight ratio of chitosan and sodium alginate is 3:1~2:3, at the same time by homogeneous emulsifier tween -80, mixes It closes liquid and handles 5~10min through high-shear emulsifying instrument, ultimately form using chitosan/sodium alginate and beta-cyclodextrin as wall material, jasmine Sour methyl esters and calper calcium peroxide are the fresh-keeping agent emulsion of microcapsules of the double-walled twin-core of core material, dry in 25 DEG C of vacuum after being filtered, being washed Dry 48h obtains powdery granule.
Four, measured data
The present invention is using the fresh-keeping particle of imitative sand material combination microencapsulation, and efficiently quick callus, cooperation are unique before collocation storage Storage method is kept the temperature by ventilation, big account spontaneous controlled-atmosphere and imitative husky material itself in control humidifier, cellar, water conservation, is adjusted Gas keeps 10~14 DEG C of reserve temperature, humidity 85%~90% and O2Concentration 7%~8%, CO2Concentration < 10% realizes horse Bell potato overlength term storage 8~10 months, water retention 94%~97%, healthy fruit 95%~98%, after storage period and listing not Germination, safe noresidue.
Husky characterisitic parameter is buried in potato emulation
Parameter index Traditional sand The imitative husky material of the present invention Conclusion
Density p (g/cm3) 1.6 1.3 Lightweight, density reduce by 18.8%
Gas permeability (5cm thickness) 55 67 Gas permeability improves 21.8%
Hydrophobicity (5cm thickness) 6~8h seeps water It is persistently impermeable Hydrophobicity is good
Water absorption rate (%) 9 11 Water absorption rate improves 22.2%
Voidage (%) 50 53 Improve 6%
Thermal coefficient (W/mK) 0.27 0.22 Thermal insulation property improves 18.5%
The present invention carries out the fresh-keeping of potato using following technology for the first time:
The present invention replaces traditional sand, lightweight breathable, high water absorbing and retaining performances, insulation using modified imitative husky material.
The fresh-keeping particle of imitative sand material combination microencapsulation, the preceding efficiently quick callus of collocation storage, by leading in control humidifier, cellar Wind ventilation, big account spontaneous controlled-atmosphere and imitative husky material itself heat preservation, water conservation, regulating gas, realize that storage of potato stablizes suitable ring Border.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of potato nature temperature control storage, it is characterised in that: the library including four side heat preserving exterior walls composition, the library are located In the embedding slot being formed on ground, it is embedded in groove depth 0.5m, exterior wall is 0.2m at a distance from cell wall, and the library top is formed with horizontal library Body top plate, the library top plate top are formed with triangle top cover；
North and south two to wall on ventilating door is set, ventilating board, the plenum partitions punching, aperture are embedded in ventilating door 10mm, hole knockout 10cm × 10cm；It is provided with draught cupboard above the exterior wall, convection current is formed with air outside library, Ma Ling is discharged Potato breathes exhaust gas, while auxiliary temperature-reducing；Atomising device is installed below horizontal the library top plate,
Be arranged in parallel plenum partitions in the bottom interval of the library, plenum partitions upper ends potato pile in heat preserving exterior wall lower part, The exterior wall surrounding on plenum partitions top is formed with the ventilation device and temperature and humidity control device composition in ventilation hole bottom storehouse portion；It is installed in the library Multiple sensors.
2. potato nature temperature control storage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: below the draught cupboard setting by Temperature Humidity Sensor, temperature and humidity measurement probe are located inside and outside library.
3. potato nature temperature control storage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the atomising device is micron order Atomizer, atomizing particle size 20-40um, Alevaire are the solution of CIPC or chlorine dioxide.
4. potato nature temperature control storage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: fill Ma Ling in potato pile Sand is buried in potato emulation；It is made of following materials in percentage by mass and weight percent is as follows:
5. potato nature temperature control storage according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the preparation of the modification infusorial earth Method is as follows: weigh diatomite and be placed in container, first under 300~320W microwave power handle 10~15min, be placed on perseverance In tepidarium, the sulfuric acid solution of 3~5wt% of mass fraction is added dropwise in the case where 300r/min is stirred at low speed, wherein diatomaceous It measures g and sulfuric acid solution volume mL ratio is 1:3, then adjust revolving speed 600r/min and stir 5~6h, it is molten with 1wt%NaOH after cooling Liquid is washed to neutrality, is dried 3h with 100~110 DEG C of conditions, is obtained modification infusorial earth.
6. potato nature temperature control storage according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the preparation of the modification infusorial earth Method is as follows: perlite particle being carried out 110 DEG C of pre- thermal agitation 10min first, perlite is first added in mixing speed 800r/min The surface potential of the modified additive ammonium hydroxide adjustment perlite of weight 1-5wt%, promotion coupling agent are bonded with its surface, add Modified treasure is obtained by filtration in the modified 40~50min in 160~180 DEG C of progress surfaces in the silane coupling agent of perlite weight 2wt% Pearl rock powder body.
7. potato nature temperature control storage according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the preparation of the modification infusorial earth Method is as follows: polymerization is as follows:
1. prepared by polymeric solution: potassium peroxydisulfate and polyacrylamide being added sequentially to the acrylic acid that concentration is 30% in mass ratio In solution, polyvinyl alcohol is added after being dispersed with stirring 5min in high-speed mixer 600r/min, then carries out ultrasonic mixing dispersion, ultrasound Power 300W, jitter time 20min, obtains polymeric solution；2. polymerization reaction: modified diatomite and expanded perlite are surpassed Fine powder is broken to 800 mesh, is added in above-mentioned polymeric solution, 4~6h of heating reaction under the conditions of prior to 50~60 DEG C temperature, then heats up To 70~80 DEG C of reaction 2h, the imitative husky material of gel is obtained；3. the imitative husky material of above-mentioned gel is dry through 110 DEG C of hot conditions To 5~8wt% of water content, it is mechanically pulverized to 0.08~2mm, obtains final imitation-sand grain.
8. potato nature temperature control storage according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the initiator is persulfuric acid Potassium, the crosslinking agent are polyacrylamide, the dispersing agent is polyvinyl alcohol.
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CN111758771A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-10-13 河南工业大学 Microcapsule for inhibiting potato germination and preparation method and application thereof
CN114217656A (en) * 2021-12-08 2022-03-22 浙江农林大学 Assembled sweet potato intelligent fresh-keeping storage storehouse based on internet of things

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