CN110456727B - External measurement and control device for improving precision of machining part of numerically controlled lathe - Google Patents
External measurement and control device for improving precision of machining part of numerically controlled lathe Download PDFInfo
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- CN110456727B CN110456727B CN201910774722.5A CN201910774722A CN110456727B CN 110456727 B CN110456727 B CN 110456727B CN 201910774722 A CN201910774722 A CN 201910774722A CN 110456727 B CN110456727 B CN 110456727B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
- B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/10—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring diameters
- G01B21/14—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring diameters internal diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
- G05B19/054—Input/output
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an external measurement and control device for improving the precision of a part machined by a numerical control lathe, which is used together with the numerical control lathe and comprises a rack and a belt conveying frame which is fixed on the table surface of the rack and is used for conveying the part with an inner hole from left to right, wherein an inner hole scrap removing device, an inner hole diameter measuring device, an inner hole height measuring device and a part guiding and sorting device which are controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller) are sequentially arranged in the conveying direction on the belt conveying frame; a PLC industrial controller for controlling the numerical control lathe to perform tool supplementing processing on parts and a touch screen as an upper computer are arranged on a vertical frame behind the machine frame; the PLC uploads the control record and the obtained measurement data to a touch screen for storage and display; the invention automatically carries out chip removal cleaning, bore diameter measurement and bore height measurement on the inner bore of the part, and the measured bore data is fed back to the numerical control lathe by the PLC, and the numerical control lathe is controlled to carry out cutter compensation processing on the inner bore, thereby realizing the whole process control of part processing and detection, improving the qualification rate of the part and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an external measurement and control device for improving the precision of a part machined by a numerical control lathe, in particular to a part detection device for controlling the cutter compensation of the numerical control lathe on line according to a detection result so as to automatically control the size of the part machining process.
Background
Before a numerical control lathe (a numerical control lathe for short) processes a part for belt transmission, in order to enable a milling cutter of the numerical control lathe to accurately process the part, the influence of the radius of a cutter point on the processing precision of the part on the traveling track of the milling cutter is considered when a numerical control lathe control program is written, and a cutter supplementing command line is written in a numerical control lathe program so as to eliminate the influence of the radius of the cutter point of the milling cutter on the processing precision of the part, so that the inner bore diameter and the height dimension of a bore of a hub of the part processed by the numerical control lathe reach preset precision. Then, in the process of milling and processing parts in a large scale and uninterruptedly in a long period of a plurality of vehicles, the tip of the milling cutter gradually abrades to cause that the size of the processed parts cannot reach the preset precision, the parts which cannot reach the preset processing size precision are inspected one by one in the subsequent part detection process, and are either scrapped or reworked, so that the processing efficiency and the qualification rate of the parts are greatly influenced under the condition that the production process and the detection process of the parts are disjointed, the production, processing and detection costs of the qualified parts are greatly improved, and the qualified parts which are processed cannot have the double advantages of quality and price in market competition.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide an external measurement and control device for improving the precision of parts machined by a numerically controlled lathe, which automatically feeds back the dimensional precision error of the detected parts to a numerical control lathe in real time, dynamically adjusts the tool compensation parameters of the numerical control lathe, enables the sizes of the parts machined by the numerical control lathe to meet the preset precision, can improve the detection efficiency of the parts, can also dynamically control the process of machining the parts by the numerical control lathe in real time, and improves the qualification rate of the parts.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an external measurement and control device for improving the precision of a part machined by a numerical control lathe, which is used for being matched with the numerical control lathe and comprises a frame and is characterized in that: a belt conveying frame for conveying the parts with the inner holes from left to right is fixed on the table top of the rack, and an inner hole scrap removing device, an inner hole diameter measuring device, an inner hole height measuring device and a part guiding and sorting device which are controlled by a PLC are sequentially arranged in the conveying direction on the belt conveying frame; a PLC industrial controller capable of controlling the numerical control lathe to perform tool supplementing processing on parts and a touch screen serving as an upper computer of the PLC industrial controller are arranged on a vertical frame on the rear side of the rack; the PLC industrial controller can upload control records and acquired measurement data to the touch screen for storage and display.
The belt conveying frame comprises a supporting frame horizontally fixed on a table board, a driving roller arranged on the right side of the supporting frame and used for driving a conveying belt, and a driven roller arranged on the left side of the supporting frame and driven by the conveying belt in a massaging way; the inner hole scrap removing device, the inner hole diameter measuring device, the inner hole height measuring device and the part guiding and sorting device are arranged on the supporting frame.
The inner hole scrap removing device comprises two vertical side plates fixed on the front side and the rear side of a support frame and a cylinder mounting plate horizontally mounted and fixed at the upper ends of the two vertical side plates, wherein a first cylinder is fixed on the right side of the cylinder mounting plate, and a second cylinder is fixed on the left side of the cylinder mounting plate; the bottom end of the cylinder rod of the first cylinder is fixedly connected with a blocking block for temporarily positioning parts, and the bottom end of the cylinder rod of the second cylinder is fixedly connected with a gas nozzle for cleaning the inner hole.
The bottom of the air nozzle head is provided with an air nozzle rod which can be inserted into the inner hole in a reducing way, and the bottom end of the air nozzle rod is provided with an air nozzle hole which can blow off the iron chips attached to the inner hole wall.
The inner hole diameter measuring device comprises a first base plate horizontally fixed on a support frame, a first support plate vertically fixed on the front side of the first base plate, a lifting cylinder fixed on the top of the rear of the first support plate, a sliding plate driven by the lifting cylinder to slide up and down in a rail connection mode on the rear of the lifting cylinder, an angle plate fixed on the rear of the sliding plate, a hole diameter measuring instrument vertically fixed on a transverse plate of the angle plate, and a measuring head used for measuring the hole diameter of an inner hole arranged at the bottom of the hole diameter measuring instrument below the transverse plate.
The inner hole diameter measuring device also comprises a first fixed clamping block which is positioned behind the first supporting plate and fixed on the top surface of the first substrate, a first clamp cylinder which is opposite to the first fixed clamping block and fixed on the rear side surface of the supporting frame through a first angle seat, and a first movable clamping block which is aligned with the first fixed clamping block and is arranged at the cylinder rod end of the first clamp cylinder; the first movable clamping block moves towards the first fixed clamping block and can clamp the positioning part.
The inner hole height measuring device comprises a second base plate horizontally fixed on a support frame, and a second support plate is vertically fixed on the front side of the second base plate; a screw rod lower bearing seat is fixed on a second substrate at the rear side of the second support plate, a screw rod upper bearing seat which is aligned with the screw rod lower bearing seat is fixed at the top end of the second support plate, and a screw rod is rotatably connected to the screw rod lower bearing seat and the screw rod upper bearing seat; the screw rod is sleeved with an L-shaped block driven to lift by the screw rod, the screw rod is in threaded transmission connection and matching with a nut piece fixed on the bottom surface of the L-shaped block, and a sliding groove block fixed in front of the L-shaped block is in sleeved sliding matching with a straight convex rail fixed behind the second support plate; three displacement sensors for measuring the height of the inner hole are vertically fixed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped block in a triangular distribution mode, the bottom end of each displacement sensor is provided with a contact which is in telescopic fit with the bottom end of the displacement sensor in the axial direction, and the contact can be abutted against the end face of the inner hole.
The inner hole height measuring device also comprises a second fixed clamping block fixed on the top surface of the second substrate, a second fixture cylinder opposite to the second fixed clamping block and fixed on the rear side surface of the support frame through a second angle seat, and a second movable clamping block aligned with the second fixed clamping block is arranged at the cylinder rod end of the second fixture cylinder; the second movable clamping block moves towards the second fixed clamping block to clamp and press the positioning part.
The part guiding and sorting device comprises vertical plates fixed on the front side and the rear side of a support frame respectively and a top panel horizontally mounted and fixed at the upper ends of the vertical plates, a swinging cylinder is fixed on the bottom surface of the top panel, the bottom of a rotary table on the bottom surface of the swinging cylinder is connected with a guide plate through a rotary shaft, and the guide plate swings to guide out qualified and unqualified parts from the front side and the rear side of the support frame respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the inner hole of the part conveyed by the belt conveying frame is automatically subjected to chip removal cleaning, inner hole aperture measurement and inner hole height measurement, and measured inner hole data are fed back to the numerical control lathe through the PLC, so that the numerical control lathe is controlled to perform tool supplementing processing on the inner hole;
secondly, the PLC industrial controller can control parts with qualified inner hole diameter and hole height to be led out from the front side of the belt conveying frame, and unqualified parts with unqualified inner hole diameter and hole height which cannot be subjected to tool repairing rework are led out from the rear side of the belt conveying frame;
the invention can be used by matching with a numerical control lathe, can automatically control the whole process of part processing and detection, can improve the processing efficiency of parts, can also improve the qualification rate of the parts, and greatly reduces the processing and detection cost of the parts.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the assembly of the inner hole scrap removing device, the inner hole diameter measuring device, the inner hole height measuring device, the part guiding and sorting device and the belt conveying frame of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an initial perspective view of the present invention for inner bore chip removal, inner bore diameter measurement, and inner bore height measurement.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the present invention during the operation of inner hole scrap removal, inner hole diameter measurement, and inner hole height measurement.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention for removing scraps, measuring inner bore diameter and positioning inner bore height.
FIG. 6 is a structural effect diagram of the present invention for removing chips from the inner hole, measuring diameter and height of the inner hole of the component.
The figures in the drawings are identified as: 10. a frame; 11. a table top; 12. erecting a frame; 20. a belt carriage; 21. a support frame; 22. a drive roller; 23. a driven drum; 30. an inner hole scrap removing device; 31. a vertical side plate; 32. a cylinder mounting plate; 33. a first cylinder; 331. a cylinder rod of the first cylinder; 332. a blocking block; 34. a second cylinder; 341. a cylinder rod of the second cylinder; 342. a gas showerhead; 343. an air injection rod; 344. a gas injection hole; 40. an inner bore diameter measuring device; 41. a first substrate; 42. a first support plate; 43. a lifting cylinder; 44. a slide plate; 45 corner plates; 46. an aperture gauge; 461. a measuring head; 47. a first fixed clamp block; 48. a first clamp cylinder; 480. a first corner seat; 481. a cylinder rod of the first clamp cylinder; 482. a first movable clamp block; 50. an inner hole height measuring device; 51. a second substrate; 52. a second support plate; 521. a straight convex rail; 53. a screw rod; 531. a screw rod lower bearing seat; 532. a bearing seat is arranged on the screw rod; an L-shaped block; 540. a horizontal portion; 541. a nut member; 542. a chute block; 55. a displacement sensor; 56. a second fixed clamp block; 57. a second clamp cylinder; 570. a second corner seat; 571. a cylinder rod of the second clamp cylinder; 572. a second movable clamp block; 60. guiding the parts to a sorting device; 61. a vertical plate; 62. a top panel; 63. swinging and rotating the air cylinder; 631. a turntable; 64. a rotating shaft; 65. a guide plate; 70, PLC industrial controller; 80. a touch screen; 90. a component; 91. an inner bore.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The external measurement and control device for improving the precision of the part machined by the numerically controlled lathe, as shown in fig. 1, is used for being matched with the numerically controlled lathe for use, and comprises a frame 10, wherein a belt conveying frame 20 for conveying a part 90 with an inner hole 91 from left to right is fixed on a table top 11 of the frame 10, and an inner hole scrap removing device 30, an inner hole diameter measuring device 40, an inner hole height measuring device 50 and a part guiding and sorting device 60 which are controlled by a PLC 70 are sequentially arranged in the conveying direction on the belt conveying frame 20; the PLC 70 which can control the numerical control lathe to perform tool supplementing processing on the part 90 and the touch screen 80 which is used as the upper computer of the PLC 70 are both arranged on the vertical frame 12 at the rear side of the frame 10; the PLC tool controller 70 may upload the control record and the acquired measurement data to the touch screen 80 for storage and display.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the belt conveyor 20 of the present invention comprises a supporting frame 21 horizontally fixed on the table top 11, a driving roller 22 installed at the right side of the supporting frame 21 for driving the conveyor belt, and a driven roller 23 installed at the left side of the supporting frame 21 and driven by the conveyor belt in a massaging manner; the inner hole scrap removing device 30, the inner hole diameter measuring device 40, the inner hole height measuring device 50 and the part guiding and sorting device 60 are arranged on the support frame 21; the driving roller 22 can be driven by a stepping motor (not shown in the figure), the driving roller 22 drives the driven roller 23 to rotate through a conveying belt (not shown in the figure), so that the conveying belt on the supporting frame 21 can convey a part 90 to the inner hole scrap removing device 30 from left to right, the inner hole diameter measuring device 40, the inner hole height measuring device 50 and the part guiding and sorting device 60 are positioned on a station, the inner hole scrap removing device 30 blows scrap iron attached to the wall of the inner hole 91 of the part 90, the inner hole diameter measuring device 40 measures the aperture of the inner hole 91, the inner hole height measuring device 50 measures the hole height of the inner hole 91, and the part guiding and sorting device 60 guides the part 90, of which the aperture and the hole mark of the inner hole 91 both accord with the preset processing precision, out of the right front side of the belt conveying frame 20. How the belt carriage 20 steps the component 90 will not be described in detail below.
The inner hole scrap removing device 30 of the invention has the following specific structure: as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the inner hole scrap removing device 30 of the present invention comprises two vertical side plates 31 fixed on the front and rear sides of the supporting frame 21 and a cylinder mounting plate 32 horizontally mounted on the upper ends of the two vertical side plates 31, wherein a first cylinder 33 is fixed on the right side of the cylinder mounting plate 32, and a second cylinder 34 is fixed on the left side of the cylinder mounting plate; the bottom end of the cylinder rod 331 of the first cylinder is fixedly connected with a blocking block 332 for temporarily positioning the component 90, and the bottom end of the cylinder rod 341 of the second cylinder is fixedly connected with a gas nozzle 342 for cleaning the inner hole 91; the bottom of the air nozzle 342 is provided with an air nozzle 343 which can be inserted into the inner hole 91, and the bottom of the air nozzle 343 is provided with an air nozzle 344 which can blow off the iron chips attached to the inner hole 91. As shown in fig. 3 to 6, in the bore chip removing device 30, the cylinder rod 331 of the first cylinder 33 may drive the blocking block 332 to move up and down, and the cylinder rod 341 of the second cylinder 34 may drive the gas nozzle 342 to move up and down.
The working principle of the inner hole scrap removing device 30 of the invention is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, when the component 90 is conveyed to the inner hole scrap removing device 30 by the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor frame 20, scrap iron attached to the inner hole 91 is cleaned, after the first cylinder 33 is started to make the cylinder rod 331 of the first cylinder drive the blocking block 332 to descend for a stroke, the first cylinder 33 stops working, the component 90 is temporarily blocked and positioned, the inner hole 91 of the component 90 is aligned with the air nozzle 342 above the inner hole, then the second cylinder 34 is started, the cylinder rod 341 of the second cylinder extends downwards to drive the air nozzle 342 to descend, in the descending process of the air nozzle 342, the air flow ejected from the air nozzle 344 blows off the scrap iron attached to the end surface of the inner hole, in the process that the air nozzle 343 is inserted into the inner hole 91 of the component 90, the air nozzle 344 blows off the scrap iron attached to the wall of the inner hole 91, until the ring surface between the air nozzle 34 and the air nozzle 343 is pressed against the end surface of the inner hole 91, the cylinder rod 341 of the second cylinder 34 is actuated to ascend, the air injection rod 343 is pulled out of the inner hole 91, the air cylinder rod 341 of the second air cylinder retracts and resets, and the second air cylinder 34 stops working, so that the end surface and the inner wall of the inner hole 91 are cleaned by the inner hole scrap removing device 30; then the first air cylinder 33 is restarted to drive the air cylinder rod 331 of the first air cylinder to pull up and reset the blocking block 332, and the positioning of the component 90 is released. As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the cleaned part of the inner hole 91 is then moved to the right by the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor frame 20 and conveyed to a station of the inner hole diameter measuring device 40, so as to measure the inner diameter of the inner hole 91.
The inner hole diameter measuring device 40 of the invention has the following specific structure: as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the inner bore diameter measuring device 40 of the present invention includes a first base plate 41 horizontally fixed on the support frame 21, a first support plate 42 vertically fixed on the front side of the first base plate 41, a lifting cylinder 43 fixed on the top of the rear side of the first support plate 42, a slide plate 44 driven by the lifting cylinder 43 and sliding up and down, a corner plate 45 fixed on the rear side of the slide plate 44, a bore diameter measuring instrument 46 vertically fixed on the cross plate 451 of the corner plate 45, and a measuring head 461 for measuring the bore diameter of the inner bore 91 arranged at the bottom of the bore diameter measuring instrument 46 below the cross plate 451; the inner bore diameter measuring device 40 further comprises a first fixed clamping block 47 which is positioned behind the first support plate 42 and fixed on the top surface of the first substrate 41, a first clamp cylinder 48 which is opposite to the first fixed clamping block 47 and fixed on the rear side surface of the support frame 21 through a first angle seat 480, and a first movable clamping block 482 which is aligned with the first fixed clamping block 47 is installed at the end of a cylinder rod 481 of the first clamp cylinder; the first movable clamping block 482 moves the clampable locating component 90 towards the first fixed clamping block 47.
The working principle of the inner bore diameter measuring device 40 of the invention is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, the belt conveying frame 20 stops moving when the component 90 with the cleaned inner hole 91 is fed onto the first substrate 41, the cylinder rod 481 of the first clamp cylinder 48 extends to drive the first movable clamping block 482 to move towards the first fixed clamping block 47, the component 90 is pushed towards the first fixed clamping block 47 until the first movable clamping block 482 and the first fixed clamping block 47 clamp and position the component 90, so that when the inner hole 91 is aligned upwards with the measuring head 461 of the aperture measuring instrument 46, the first clamp cylinder 48 stops, then the cylinder rod of the lifting cylinder 43 pushes the sliding plate 44 downwards to lower the angle plate 45 and the aperture measuring instrument 46 thereon, until the measuring head 461 is completely inserted into the inner hole 91 of the component 90 to measure the inner diameter thereof, the lifting cylinder 43 reversely drives the sliding block 44 to raise the angle plate 45 and the aperture measuring instrument 46 thereon, until the measuring head 461 is completely pulled out of the inner hole and is separated from the inner hole 91 to reset, the lifting cylinder 43 stops working, then the cylinder rod 481 of the first clamp cylinder retracts to drive the loose part of the first movable clamping block 482 to reset, and the first clamp cylinder 48 stops working, so that the measurement of the aperture of the inner hole 91 can be completed.
As shown in fig. 1, the measured aperture data of the inner hole 91 is processed by the aperture measuring instrument 46 through the internal algorithm of the PLC industrial controller 70 by the ascii binary code, and then converted into floating point numbers, which are stored and displayed by the upper computer touch screen 80 of the PLC industrial controller 70, and the measured aperture data of the inner hole 91 stored in the touch screen 80 can be exported to the EXCEL table, so as to provide data basis for the subsequent improvement of the production process of the part 90. And for the unqualified product with the smaller size of the inner hole 71 of the part 90, the PLC 70 directly feeds back and uploads the measured data of the unqualified product with the smaller aperture to the numerically controlled lathe, so that the numerically controlled lathe can dynamically adjust the reference parameters of the cutter, and perform cutter supplementing processing on the inner hole 91 of the part 90 with the smaller aperture, thereby realizing the automatic control of the size of the inner hole 91 of the part 90 in the processing process and enabling the processing size of the inner hole 91 to reach the preset size. Meanwhile, the PLC industrial controller 70 also stores the result of whether the detection of the aperture of the inner hole 91 is qualified in the material distribution database, so that the rear part article is guided to the sorting device 60 to perform the corresponding distinguishing detection action.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor 20 moves the inner hole 91 hole diameter measured part 90 to the right to convey to the station of the inner hole height measuring device 50, and measures the hole height of the inner hole 91.
The specific structure of the inner bore height measuring device 50 of the present invention: as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the inner bore height measuring device 50 of the present invention includes a second base plate 51 horizontally fixed on the supporting frame 21, and a second support plate 52 vertically fixed on the front side of the second base plate 51; a screw rod lower bearing seat 531 is fixed on the second base plate 51 at the rear side of the second support plate 52, a screw rod upper bearing seat 532 aligned with the screw rod lower bearing seat 531 is fixed at the top end of the second support plate 52, and a screw rod 53 is rotatably connected to the screw rod lower bearing seat 531 and the screw rod upper bearing seat 532; the screw rod 53 is sleeved with an L-shaped block 54 driven to lift by the screw rod 53, the screw rod 53 is in threaded transmission connection and matching with a nut piece 541 fixed on the bottom surface of the L-shaped block 54, and a sliding groove block 542 fixed in front of the L-shaped block 54 is in sleeved sliding matching with a straight convex rail 521 fixed behind the second support plate 52; three displacement sensors 55 for measuring the height of the inner hole 91 are vertically fixed on the horizontal part 540 of the L-shaped block 54 in a triangular distribution manner, the bottom end of each displacement sensor 55 is provided with a contact 551 which is in telescopic fit with the bottom end in the axial direction, and the contact 551 can be abutted against the end surface of the inner hole 91. The inner bore height measuring device 50 further comprises a second fixed clamping block 56 fixed on the top surface of the second substrate 51, a second fixture cylinder 57 opposite to the second fixed clamping block 56 is fixed on the rear side surface of the support frame 21 through a second angle seat 570, and a second movable clamping block 572 opposite to the second fixed clamping block 56 is mounted at the cylinder rod 571 end of the second fixture cylinder; the second movable clamp piece 572 moves the depressible positioning member 90 toward the second fixed clamp piece 56.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the screw 53 rotates forward and backward to lift the L-shaped block 54, so as to lift the displacement sensor 55, so as to extend and retract the cylinder rod 571 of the second clamp cylinder, and drive the second movable clamping block 572 to cooperate with the second fixed clamping block 56 to clamp and press the positioning component 90 and the release component 90.
The working principle of the inner hole height measuring device 50 of the invention is as follows: as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the belt conveying frame 20 stops moving when the component 90 with the measured aperture of the inner hole 91 is sent to the second substrate 41, the second clamp cylinder is started, the cylinder rod 571 of the second clamp cylinder drives the second movable clamp 572 to push the component 90 to move towards the second fixed clamp 56, until the second movable clamp 572 and the second fixed clamp 56 clamp and position the component 90, at this time, the top end surface of the inner hole 91 of the positioned component 90 is aligned with the displacement sensor 55, then the lead screw 53 is driven by a proper motor (not shown in the figure) to rotate forward to drive the nut 541 to ascend, so that the L-shaped block 54 sleeved on the lead screw 53 moves linearly downward under the guiding coordination of the sliding groove block 542 and the straight convex rail 521, and when the contact 551 of the displacement sensor 55 on the L-shaped block 54 540 presses and contacts the top end surface of the inner hole 91, the height of the inner hole 91 can be measured; then the screw 53 rotates reversely, the L-shaped block and the displacement sensor 55 rise, so that the contact 551 is separated from the end surface of the inner hole 91, the cylinder rod 571 of the second clamp cylinder retracts to drive the second movable clamping block 572 to loosen the part 90, and the hole height measurement of the inner hole 91 of the part 90 can be completed at one time. As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor frame 20 moves the parts 90 whose inner hole 91 hole heights are measured rightward to the station of the part guiding and sorting device 60, so as to guide the parts 90 whose inner hole 91 hole heights meet the preset processing precision away from the belt conveyor frame 20.
As shown in fig. 1, the displacement sensor 55 converts the measured hole height data of the inner hole 91 into floating point numbers after being processed by the ascii binary code through the internal algorithm of the PLC industrial controller 70, and the floating point numbers are stored and displayed by the upper computer touch screen 80 of the PLC industrial controller 70, and the measured hole height data of the inner hole 91 stored in the touch screen 80 can be exported to the EXCEL table, so as to provide a data basis for the subsequent improvement of the production process of the part 90. For the unqualified part 90 with a hole with a higher height of the inner hole 91, the PLC 70 directly feeds back and uploads the measured data of the unqualified part with the higher height of the hole to the numerically controlled lathe, so that the numerically controlled lathe can dynamically adjust the reference parameters of the cutter, and perform tool supplementing processing on the inner hole 91 of the part 90 with the higher height of the hole, thereby realizing the automatic control of the hole height of the inner hole 91 in the processing process of the part 90; the method avoids the waste caused by the fact that the part 90 with the higher hole height is directly lost and scrapped, so that the detection efficiency and the processed yield of the part 90 can be improved, the waste of material resources can be avoided, and the processing and detection cost of the part can be greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the PLC industrial controller 70 also stores the result of whether the hole height of the inner hole 91 is qualified in the distribution database, so that the rear part product is guided to the sorting device 60 to perform the corresponding distinguishing detection action.
The specific structure of the part guiding and sorting device 60 of the invention is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the guiding and sorting device 60 for parts of the present invention comprises a vertical plate 61 fixed on the front and rear sides of the supporting frame 21, and a top plate 62 horizontally mounted on the upper ends of the vertical plates 61, a swinging cylinder 63 fixed on the bottom of the top plate 62, a guide plate 65 connected to the bottom of a rotary plate 631 of the swinging cylinder 63 via a rotary shaft 64, wherein the guide plate 65 swings to guide out qualified and unqualified parts 90 from the front and rear sides of the supporting frame 21.
The working principle of the part guiding and sorting device 60 of the invention is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, 6 and 5, after the inner hole 91 of the component 90 is detected by the inner hole diameter measuring device 40 and the inner hole height measuring device 50, the component 90 is conveyed to a position between the component guiding and sorting devices 60 by the belt conveying frame 20, the PLC tool 70 sends a control command to the guiding and sorting devices 60, if the processing size of the hole diameter and the hole height of the inner hole 91 meet the preset standard, the swinging cylinder 63 drives the guide plate 65 to swing to the position shown in fig. 1 and 5, and the qualified component 90 slides out from the right front side of the component guiding and sorting device 60 along the surface of the guide plate 65 under the actuation of the conveying belt on the belt conveying frame 20, separates from the belt conveying frame 20, enters the qualified product chute, and is collected by the qualified product collecting frame. When the bore diameter or/and the machining dimension of the bore height of the inner bore 91 deviate from the preset machining dimension standard, the PLC 70 controls the swing cylinder 63 to drive the guide plate 65 to rotate by 90 degrees, so that the part 90 with unqualified bore diameter or/and bore height is guided out from the right rear side of the belt conveying frame 20 and is returned to the numerical control lathe through the belt conveying mechanism, the PLC 70 controls the numerical control lathe to carry out tool repairing machining on the inner bore of the part 90, the unqualified part 90 is changed into the part 90 with the machining dimension meeting the preset machining dimension precision, automatic cycle control of detection of the machining dimension of the inner bore of the part 90 and rework tool repairing machining is realized, the machining efficiency, the detection efficiency and the qualification rate of the part 90 can be greatly improved, and the production cost of the part 90 is reduced.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, all equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an improve external measurement and control device of numerical control lathe processing portion article precision for the cooperation numerical control lathe uses, includes a frame (10), its characterized in that:
a belt conveying frame (20) for conveying a part (90) with an inner hole (91) from left to right is fixed on a table top (11) of a rack (10), and an inner hole scrap removing device (30), an inner hole diameter measuring device (40), an inner hole height measuring device (50) and a part guiding and sorting device (60) which are controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller) are sequentially installed in the conveying direction on the belt conveying frame (20);
a PLC industrial controller (70) capable of controlling the numerical control lathe to perform tool supplementing processing on a part (90) and a touch screen (80) serving as an upper computer of the PLC industrial controller (70) are arranged on a vertical frame (12) on the rear side of the rack (10); the measurement data is processed by an ASCII binary code through an internal algorithm of the PLC (70), converted into floating point numbers, stored and displayed by an upper computer touch screen 80 of the PLC (70);
the belt conveying frame (20) comprises a supporting frame (21) horizontally fixed on the table board (11), a driving roller (22) arranged on the right side of the supporting frame (21) and used for driving the conveying belt, and a driven roller (23) arranged on the left side of the supporting frame (21) and driven by the conveying belt in a massaging way; the inner hole scrap removing device (30), the inner hole diameter measuring device (40), the inner hole height measuring device (50) and the part guiding and sorting device (60) are arranged on the support frame (21);
the inner hole scrap removing device (30) comprises two vertical side plates (31) fixed on the front side and the rear side of the support frame (21) and a cylinder mounting plate (32) horizontally mounted and fixed on the upper ends of the two vertical side plates (31), wherein a first cylinder (33) is fixed on the right side of the cylinder mounting plate (32), and a second cylinder (34) is fixed on the left side of the cylinder mounting plate; the bottom end of a cylinder rod (331) of the first cylinder is fixedly connected with a blocking block (332) for temporarily positioning a part (90), and the bottom end of a cylinder rod (341) of the second cylinder (34) is fixedly connected with a gas nozzle (342) for cleaning an inner hole (91).
2. The external measurement and control device for improving the precision of the machined part of the numerically controlled lathe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bottom of the air nozzle (342) is provided with an air injection rod (343) which can be inserted into the inner hole (91) in a reducing way, and the bottom end of the air injection rod (343) is provided with an air injection hole (344) which can blow off the scrap iron attached to the wall of the inner hole (91).
3. The external measurement and control device for improving the precision of the machined part of the numerically controlled lathe according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the inner bore diameter measuring device (40) comprises a first base plate (41) horizontally fixed on the supporting frame (21), a first supporting plate (42) is vertically fixed on the front side of the first base plate (41), a lifting cylinder (43) is fixed on the top of the rear side of the first supporting plate (42), a sliding plate (44) driven by the lifting cylinder (43) to slide up and down is connected with the rear side of the lifting cylinder in a rail-connected mode, an angle plate (45) is fixed on the rear side of the sliding plate (44), a bore diameter measuring instrument (46) is vertically fixed on a transverse plate (451) of the angle plate (45), and a measuring head (461) used for measuring the bore diameter of an inner bore (91) is arranged at the bottom of the.
4. The external measurement and control device for improving the precision of the machined part of the numerically controlled lathe according to claim 3, wherein: the inner hole diameter measuring device (40) further comprises a first fixed clamping block (47) which is positioned behind the first support plate (42) and fixed on the top surface of the first substrate (41), and a first clamp cylinder (48) which is opposite to the first fixed clamping block (47) is fixed on the rear side surface of the support frame (21) through a first angle seat (480), and a first movable clamping block (482) which is aligned with the first fixed clamping block (47) is arranged at the end of a cylinder rod (481) of the first clamp cylinder; the first movable clamping block (482) moves towards the first fixed clamping block (47) to clamp the positioning part (90).
5. The external measurement and control device for improving the precision of the machined part of the numerically controlled lathe according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the inner hole height measuring device (50) comprises a second base plate (51) horizontally fixed on the support frame (21), and a second support plate (52) is vertically fixed on the front side of the second base plate (51); a screw rod lower bearing seat (531) is fixed on a second base plate (51) at the rear side of a second support plate (52), a screw rod upper bearing seat (532) which is aligned with the screw rod lower bearing seat (531) is fixed at the top end of the second support plate (52), and a screw rod (53) is rotatably connected to the screw rod lower bearing seat (531) and the screw rod upper bearing seat (532); the screw rod (53) is sleeved with an L-shaped block (54) driven to lift by the screw rod, the screw rod (53) is in threaded transmission connection and matching with a nut piece (541) fixed on the bottom surface of the L-shaped block (54), and a sliding groove block (542) fixed in front of the L-shaped block (54) is in sleeved sliding matching with a straight convex rail (521) fixed behind the second support plate (52); three displacement sensors (55) for measuring the height of the inner hole (91) are vertically fixed on a horizontal part (540) of the L-shaped block (54) in a triangular distribution manner, a contact (551) which is in telescopic fit with the bottom end of each displacement sensor (55) in the axial direction is arranged at the bottom end of each displacement sensor (55), and the contact (551) can be abutted against the end surface of the inner hole (91).
6. The external measurement and control device for improving the precision of the machined part of the numerically controlled lathe according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the inner hole height measuring device (50) further comprises a second fixed clamping block (56) fixed on the top surface of the second base plate (51), a second clamp cylinder (57) opposite to the second fixed clamping block (56) is fixed on the rear side surface of the support frame (21) through a second angle seat (570), and a second movable clamping block (572) aligned with the second fixed clamping block (56) is installed at the cylinder rod (571) end of the second clamp cylinder; the second movable clamping block (572) moves the pressable positioning component (90) towards the second fixed clamping block (56).
7. The external measurement and control device for improving the precision of the machined part of the numerically controlled lathe according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the part guiding and sorting device (60) comprises vertical plates (61) and a horizontal frame, wherein the vertical plates (61) are fixed on the front side and the rear side of a support frame (21) respectively, the horizontal frame is fixed on a top panel (62) at the upper ends of the vertical plates (61), a swinging cylinder (63) is fixed on the bottom surface of the top panel (62), the bottom of a turntable (631) swinging the bottom surface of the cylinder (63) is connected with a guide plate (65) through a rotating shaft (64), and the guide plate (65) swings to lead out qualified and unqualified parts (90) from the front side and the rear side of the support frame (21) respectively.
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| CN111947545B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2021-09-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Driving platform for precision positioning measurement |
| CN114433565B (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-01-17 | 吉林大学重庆研究院 | Conveying system for automatic assembly of hydraulic cylinder |
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| CN201034948Y (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-03-12 | 华南理工大学 | Nave casting flaw automatic detection device based on image comprehention |
| CN201978898U (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2011-09-21 | 浙江大学 | Multi-station/parameter visual measuring and sorting equipment for rotary part |
| CN203385404U (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2014-01-08 | 海瑞恩精密技术（太仓）有限公司 | Automatic full-dimension high-speed multi-station detection apparatus |
| KR101714187B1 (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-03-22 | 예병식 | Pin hole searcher that form on diameter direction of file rod sieve |
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| CN206810697U (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-12-29 | 海瑞恩自动化科技（昆山）有限公司 | A kind of online full inspection machine |
| CN109931836A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | 宁波中皇机电有限公司 | A kind of belt pulley hole location position degree detection tool |
| CN108177025A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-19 | 盐城工学院 | Shell part plane hole system's processing blind hole depth on-line checking and automatic cleaning integrating device and its detection and method for cleaning |
| CN109186512B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2024-05-14 | 扬州市顺达科技有限公司 | Special detection equipment for belt pulley circular runout for mechanical equipment |
| CN208936966U (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-06-04 | 无锡威孚奥特凯姆精密机械有限公司 | High pressure connection detection device |
| CN109909216A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-06-21 | 山东道先为智能科技有限公司 | Piston pin external diameter automatic measuring equipment |
| CN210452058U (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2020-05-05 | 福建科烨数控科技有限公司 | External measurement and control device for improving precision of machining part of numerically controlled lathe |
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