CN110455628B - Material performance testing machine with nitriding function - Google Patents
Material performance testing machine with nitriding function Download PDFInfo
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- CN110455628B CN110455628B CN201910791881.6A CN201910791881A CN110455628B CN 110455628 B CN110455628 B CN 110455628B CN 201910791881 A CN201910791881 A CN 201910791881A CN 110455628 B CN110455628 B CN 110455628B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
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Abstract
The invention discloses a material performance testing machine with a nitriding function, which belongs to a material performance testing machine and comprises a rack and a nitriding box fixedly connected to the rack, wherein a working clamp for clamping two ends of a workpiece, a heating coil extending into the nitriding box and surrounding the workpiece and a nitrogen spray pipe extending into the nitriding box are arranged in the nitriding box, and a power mechanism for driving the working clamp to stretch or compress the workpiece is connected to the working clamp. Compared with a common testing machine, the invention increases the function of nitridation, can research the nitridation effect under the action of material stress and the performance of the nitrided material, is convenient for researching the performance of the nitrided material under different tensile and compressive stresses, saves the working procedures and time, and is convenient for the research and development of new materials and the strengthening treatment and research of the existing materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field related to testing technology, and belongs to a material performance testing machine.
Background
The material performance testing machine is used for material performance tests, the main function of the material performance testing machine is to test various performances of various materials, and the material performance testing machine in the world is greatly improved since birth.
In industrial production, the key to ensure the quality of the product is whether the product exists and circulates in the market, the performance of various materials and various products in military products with particularly high quality requirements is more strictly checked, and a material performance tester with high precision and high reliability is generally adopted to systematically check the materials or the products. The material surface hardness, the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and other properties of the material obtained through the complicated heat treatment need to be tested, although all performance material performance testing machines can not test all parameters, the material performance testing machines can test a plurality of generally required key performance parameters, and test objects comprise various materials such as springs, machine tool guide rails, nuclear power main pipeline and the like.
In the new century, people pursue high quality in various fields, new requirements are put forward in various fields, and new materials or new processes are required to be found to strengthen and optimize common materials. The field of human foot is also more and more extensive, and no matter in space or deep sea, the people need the help of various tools to try to enter. It is conceivable that various materials used in these tools have high requirements, such as high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, good toughness, high strength, and the like, which not only requires more innovation in material development methods, but also requires a material performance testing machine to test whether the developed materials are suitable or not. Not only for testing after development, but also for material performance testing at the time of study.
However, the existing problem is that a testing machine capable of performing both heat treatment and material performance testing does not exist, and for some test pieces needing heat treatment such as nitriding treatment, the test pieces are often required to be subjected to nitriding treatment in a nitriding furnace and then sent to a material performance testing machine for performance testing, so that the treatment process is complex and long in time consumption, the process is not economical, and the efficiency is too low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a material performance testing machine with a nitriding function, which increases the nitriding function, can research the nitriding effect under the action of material stress and the performance of a nitrided material, is convenient for researching the performance of the nitrided material under different tensile and compressive stresses, saves working procedures and time, and is convenient for the research and development of new materials and the strengthening treatment and research aiming at the existing materials.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a material performance testing machine with nitrogenize function, includes frame, the nitrogenize case of fixed connection in the frame, is provided with the work fixture at centre gripping work piece both ends in the nitrogenize case, extends to the heating coil of the inside surrounding workpiece of nitrogenize incasement, extends to the nitrogen gas spray tube of nitrogenize incasement portion, is connected with the power unit that drives work fixture tensile or compression work piece on the work fixture.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the power mechanism comprises a movable cross beam horizontally arranged, a screw nut pair mechanism driving the movable cross beam to vertically move up and down, a transmission mechanism driving a screw to rotate, and a vertically arranged ejector rod fixedly connected with the movable cross beam and the working clamp, wherein a movable sealing device is arranged between the outer circumference of the ejector rod and the nitriding box, and the screw nut pair mechanism comprises screw nuts arranged on two sides of the movable cross beam and two screws arranged on the rack 1 through bearings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the transmission mechanism comprises a large belt wheel fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod in a coaxial and fixed mode and a wheel train transmission device for transmitting the power of the motor to the large belt wheel, and the wheel train transmission device comprises a gear-worm reducer connected with the motor and an arc tooth synchronous belt device for transmitting the power of the gear-worm reducer to the large belt wheel.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the movable sealing device comprises a sealing shell and a sealing movable plug, wherein the sealing shell is arranged above the nitriding box and communicated with the nitriding box, the sealing movable plug is arranged inside the sealing shell, a hole which penetrates through the sealing movable plug and is matched with the ejector rod is formed in the center of the sealing movable plug, a buffering ring is arranged at the bottom of an inner cavity of the sealing shell, and a key is arranged on the side wall of the inner hole of the sealing movable plug.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the working clamp comprises an upper split clamp and a lower split clamp which are opposite, the upper split clamp comprises an upper bag-shaped clamp and an upper positioning plate, the upper bag-shaped clamp is internally provided with an inverted trapezoidal cavity with a downward opening, the upper positioning plate is fixed at the lower end of the upper bag-shaped clamp, the center of the upper positioning plate is provided with an inverted conical hole, an upper wedge-shaped block with the same taper is clamped in the inverted cone-shaped hole, the lower end of the ejector rod extends into a cavity of the upper bag-shaped clamp and is fixed with the upper bag-shaped clamp through a nut, the lower end of the ejector rod abuts against the upper wedge-shaped block, the lower split clamp comprises a lower bag-shaped clamp and a lower positioning plate, the lower bag-shaped clamp is internally provided with a trapezoidal cavity with an upward opening, the lower positioning plate is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the lower bag-shaped clamp, the lower positioning plate is provided with a frustum-shaped hole, the conical hole is internally clamped with a lower wedge-shaped block with the same taper as the conical hole, and a stud with the upper end abutting against the lower end of the lower wedge-shaped block is fixed in the cavity of the lower bag-shaped clamp.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the upper surface of the lower positioning plate is provided with two vertically arranged clamp guide rods which are bilaterally symmetrical about the ejector rod, the upper positioning plate is provided with through holes matched with the clamp guide rods, and the upper positioning plate is sleeved on the clamp guide rods through the through holes.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the upper wedge block and the lower wedge block are divided into two types, namely a compression experiment wedge block and a tension experiment wedge block, wherein the compression experiment wedge block comprises a lower wedge block and an upper wedge block, the top surface of the lower wedge block is provided with a groove matched with the shape of a workpiece, and the bottom surface of the upper wedge block is provided with a groove matched with the shape of the workpiece.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the wedge block for the compression experiment comprises a lower wedge block and an upper wedge block, wherein the top surface of the lower wedge block is provided with a groove matched with the shape of a workpiece, and the bottom surface of the upper wedge block is provided with a groove matched with the shape of the workpiece.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the wedge block for the tensile test comprises an upper wedge block and a lower wedge block which are vertically arranged and provided with holes matched with the shape of the outer wall of a workpiece, and the wedge block for the tensile test is divided into a left part and a right part along the axis of the holes.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the heating coil is a hollow tubular structure, an internal pipeline of the heating coil is communicated with cooling water, the heating coil extends to the middle of the working clamp, and a nozzle of the nitrogen spray pipe is arranged opposite to the extending part of the heating coil.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the technical progress that:
compared with a common testing machine, the material performance testing machine with the nitriding function has the additional nitriding function, so that the nitriding effect under the action of material stress and the performance of a nitrided material can be researched, the performance of the nitrided material under different tensile and compressive stresses can be conveniently researched, the working procedures and time are saved, a new direction for researching the influence of a material nitriding process and nitriding on the material performance is provided, and the research and development of a new material and the strengthening treatment and research of the existing material are facilitated.
The movable sealing device is communicated with the nitriding box, so that the position of the movable plug in the movable sealing device can be adjusted conveniently at any time according to the position of the ejector rod, and the adjustment of the air pressure in the nitriding box is facilitated. The ejector rod penetrates through the movable sealing device and is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam and the working clamp, so that the air pressure inside the nitriding box can be adjusted conveniently according to the movement of the ejector rod, the cross beam moves the ejector rod, the moving stability of the ejector rod is improved, the cross beam is moved through the lead screw and the lead screw nut, the moving resistance of the movable cross beam is small, and the action is smooth.
The bottom of the inner cavity of the sealing shell is provided with a buffer ring to prevent the sealing movable plug from colliding with the sealing shell, so that the damage of equipment is reduced, and the side wall of the inner hole of the sealing movable plug is provided with a key to guide the sealing movable plug to move.
The trapezoidal cavities of the upper bag-shaped clamp and the lower bag-shaped clamp enable the installation of the wedge block to be easy, the movement of the wedge block to be flexible, and the wedge block is prevented from falling off and being damaged. The clamp guide rod plays a guiding role for the upper wedge block, and the upper split clamp is prevented from swinging left and right.
Go up wedge and wedge down and all include the compression experiment with the wedge and the wedge for tensile test, adapted to multiple experimental condition, the special shape of wedge for tensile test cooperatees with the trapezoidal cavity of last bag anchor clamps and bag anchor clamps down, has simplified the process of drinking the fixed of fastening to the work piece, simple structure, the reliability is high.
The internal pipeline of the heating coil is communicated with the cooling water, so that the heating coil has the cooling capacity at any time, the processing efficiency is improved, and local overheating and equipment damage are prevented.
The nitrogen spray pipe and the heating coil are arranged to enable the nitrogen to be in full contact with high-temperature gas, and the utilization rate of the nitrogen is increased conveniently.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 at C;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 at D;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure at E in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure at F in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure at G in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view at B-B in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the sectional structure at H-H in FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a wedge block for use in a tensile test;
FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of a nitriding box using a wedge for tensile test;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view taken in the direction I of FIG. 1;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure at J in FIG. 4;
wherein, 1, a frame, 2, a nitriding box, 2a, a heating coil, 2b, a nitrogen gas spray pipe, 3, a working clamp, 3a, an upper bag-shaped clamp, 3b, a lower bag-shaped clamp, 3c, an upper wedge-shaped block, 3d, a lower wedge-shaped block, 3e, an upper positioning plate, 3f, a lower positioning plate, 4, a workpiece, 5, a movable sealing device, 5a, a sealing shell, 5b, a sealing movable plug, 6, a movable cross beam, 7, a push rod, 8, a lead screw, 9, a gear-worm reducer, 10, a lead screw nut, 11, an adjusting gasket, 16, an adjusting gasket, 18, a fixed block, 19, a positioning block, 21, an upper end cover of the sealing shell, 22, a dust ring, 24, a piston ring, 25, a key, 26, a backing ring, 27, a lower end cover of the sealing shell, 28, an upper backing plate, 29, a clamp guide rod, 30, a polish rod, 31, an upper U-shaped block, 32, a lower U-shaped block, 34 and a deep groove ball bearing, 37. coil fixing blocks, 38a, upper clamp positioning bolts, 38b, upper wedge positioning bolts, 39a, lower clamp positioning bolts, 39b, lower wedge positioning bolts, 40, top cross beams, 42, studs, 43, lead screws, 48, upper bearings, 49, large pulleys, 52, toothed belts, 53, tension pulleys, 54, small pulleys, 56, backing plates, 59, bottom plates, 60, supports, 61, motors, 62, couplings, 65, spacers, 66, angular contact ball bearings, 67, adjusting gaskets, 68, upper end covers, 70, end covers, 72, turbines, 73, turbine shafts, 74, static cross beams, 75, cylindrical pins, 76, rubber rings, 78, hand wheels, 82, side cover plates, 85, cushion rings, 86, special nuts, 88, guide sleeves, 89, seal housing outer walls, 90, left end covers, 91, hexagon head bolts, pinions 93, sleeves, 94, shafts, 95, gaskets, 96. the device comprises a scroll shaft, 97, a large cylindrical gear, 98, a left end cover of a box body, 101, a locking sleeve, 103, a deep groove ball bearing, 105, a right end cover, 106, a round nut, 107, a discharge needle, 108, an insulating plug, 109, a lead wire, 110 and an insulating support.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
as shown in fig. 1 to 12, a material performance testing machine with a nitriding function comprises a frame 1, a nitriding box 2, a movable sealing device 5, a transmission device and a motor 61, wherein the nitriding box 2 is fixedly connected to the frame, the movable sealing device 5 is communicated with the nitriding box 2, the nitriding box 2 comprises a working clamp 3, a heating coil 2a and a nitrogen spray pipe 2b which are arranged at two ends of a clamping workpiece 4 in the nitriding box 2, the heating coil 2a extends into the nitriding box 2 and surrounds the workpiece 4, the nitrogen spray pipe 2b extends into the nitriding box 2, and the working clamp 3 is connected with a power mechanism for driving the working clamp to stretch or compress the workpiece 4.
As shown in fig. 3, the movable sealing device 5 includes a sealing housing 5a and a sealing movable plug 5b, the sealing movable plug 5b is a combined disk-type piston, the sealing housing 5a is disposed above the nitriding box 2, the sealing housing 5a is communicated with the nitriding box 2, the sealing movable plug 5b is disposed inside the sealing housing 5a, and a hole matched with the ejector rod 7 is disposed in the center of the sealing movable plug 5b and penetrates through the sealing movable plug 5 b. The bottom in the cavity of the sealed shell 5a is provided with a buffer ring 85 for preventing the sealed movable plug 5b from colliding with the cylinder bottom of the movable sealing device 5, the side wall of the inner hole of the sealed movable plug 5b is provided with a key 25, the sealed movable plug 87 is provided with a guide sleeve 88, and the key 25 is used for controlling the sealed movable plug 5b not to rotate in the movement process. The whole sealing movable plug 5b is fixedly connected with the ejector rod 7 through a special-shaped nut 86 at the lower end of the sealing movable plug, and a backing ring 26 is arranged between the sealing movable plug and the ejector rod. The lower end cover 27 of the sealing shell is fixedly connected with the outer wall 89 of the sealing shell in a welding mode, the dustproof ring 22 is arranged at the upper end cover 21 of the sealing shell, and the upper end cover 21 of the sealing shell and the lower end cover 27 of the sealing shell are provided with four uniformly distributed vent holes. The ejector rod 7 is provided with a shaft shoulder, the upper end of the sealing movable plug 5b is clamped by the shaft shoulder, the lower end of the sealing movable plug 5b is used for fixing the special-shaped nut 86 which is combined on the ejector rod 7 under the vertical action of the shaft shoulder and the special-shaped nut 86.
As shown in fig. 4, the work fixture 3 includes two opposite upper split fixtures and lower split fixtures, the upper split fixtures include an upper bag-shaped fixture 3a, an upper wedge-shaped block 3c, an upper positioning plate 3e, an upper fixture positioning bolt 38a, an upper wedge-shaped block positioning bolt 38b, and an upper U-shaped block 31, and the lower split fixtures include a lower bag-shaped fixture 3b, a lower positioning plate 3f, a lower wedge-shaped block 3d, a lower fixture positioning bolt 39a, a lower wedge-shaped block positioning bolt 39b, a stud 42, a lower U-shaped block 32, and a fixture guide rod 29. The upper bag-shaped clamp 3a is internally provided with a cavity with a downward opening, the cross section of the cavity is in an inverted trapezoid shape, and the opening of the cavity is downward. An upper wedge block 3c is arranged in the upper bag-shaped clamp 3a, the cross section of the upper wedge block 3c is in an inverted trapezoid shape, and the upper wedge block 3c is used for fixing the workpiece 4. The top wall surface of the upper bag-shaped clamp 3a is provided with a through hole, the ejector rod 7 penetrates through the through hole, the tail end of the lower end of the ejector rod 7 is provided with an upper U-shaped block 31, the upper U-shaped block 31 is provided with a through hole, and the ejector rod 7 penetrates through the through hole. The push rod 7 is screwed with an upper clamp positioning bolt 38a and an upper wedge block positioning bolt 38b, the upper clamp positioning bolt 38a is in contact with the upper pocket clamp 3a, and when the push rod 7 moves upward, the upper clamp positioning bolt 38a causes the upper pocket clamp 3a to move upward together with the push rod 7. The upper wedge positioning bolt 38b is located below the upper jig positioning bolt 38a, the upper wedge positioning bolt 38b contacts the upper U-block 31, and the lower end of the upper U-block 31 contacts the upper wedge 3 c. The upper positioning plate 3e is positioned at the lower part of the upper bag-shaped clamp 3a, the upper positioning plate 3e is in contact with the bottom surface of the upper bag-shaped clamp 3a, an inverted cone-shaped hole is formed in the upper positioning plate 3e, the upper wedge-shaped block 3c cannot fall from the upper bag-shaped clamp 3a under the limitation of the cone-shaped hole, and the shape of the upper wedge-shaped block 3c is matched with the shape of the inverted cone-shaped hole of the upper positioning plate 3 e. The lower end of the ejector rod 7 extends into the cavity of the upper bag-shaped clamp 3a and is fixed with the upper bag-shaped clamp 3a through a nut, and the lower end of the ejector rod 7 is abutted against the upper wedge-shaped block 3 c. The upper wedge block 3c may be moved up and down within the cavity of the upper bag-shaped jig 3a, and is fixed by the upper U block 31 and the upper positioning plate 3 e. The lower bag-shaped clamp 3b is arranged opposite to the upper bag-shaped clamp 3a, a cavity with an upward opening is arranged in the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b, and the cross section of the cavity is in an inverted trapezoid shape. A lower wedge-shaped block 3d is arranged in the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b, the cross section of the lower wedge-shaped block 3d is in an inverted trapezoid shape, the shape of the lower wedge-shaped block 3d is matched with that of the cavity, and the lower wedge-shaped block 3d is used for fixing the workpiece 4. A stud 42 is fixed in the cavity of the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b, a through hole is formed in the bottom wall surface of the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b, the stud 42 penetrates through the through hole, a lower U-shaped block 32 is arranged at the tail end of the top of the stud 42, a through hole is formed in the lower U-shaped block 32, and the stud 42 penetrates through the through hole. A lower clamp positioning bolt 39a and a lower wedge positioning bolt 39b are screwed on the stud 42, the lower clamp positioning bolt 39a is in contact with the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b, and the upper end of the stud 42 is propped against the lower end of the lower wedge 3 d. The lower wedge positioning bolt 39b is located above the lower clamp positioning bolt 39a, the lower wedge positioning bolt 39b contacts the lower U-shaped block 32, and the upper end of the lower U-shaped block 32 contacts the lower wedge 3 d. The lower positioning plate 3f is located at the upper portion of the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b, the lower positioning plate 3f is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b, the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b is in contact with the top wall surface of the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b, a frustum-shaped hole is formed in the lower positioning plate 3f, the lower wedge-shaped block 3d cannot move upwards under the limitation of the frustum-shaped hole to be separated from the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b, and the shape of the lower wedge-shaped block 3d is matched with the shape of the conical hole of the lower positioning plate 3 f. The lower wedge block 3d may be moved up and down originally in the cavity of the lower bag-shaped jig 3b, and fixed under the action of the lower U-shaped block 32 and the lower positioning plate 3 f. The middle of the bag-shaped bottom of each bag-shaped clamp is provided with a through hole, the periphery of each bag-shaped bottom is provided with eight threaded counter bores, the threaded counter bores are distributed in a rectangular shape, and four threaded blind holes are formed in two sides of each bag-shaped clamp respectively. The upper bag-shaped clamp 3a is fixedly connected to the upper positioning plate 3e, and the lower bag-shaped clamp 3b is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the lower positioning plate 3 f. The upper positioning plate 3e is provided with a through hole for mounting the clamp guide rod 29, and is provided with eight symmetrical threaded counter bores, and one side of the upper positioning plate is provided with a trapezoidal opening for facilitating the loading and unloading of the wedge block and the positioning of the wedge block. The work fixture 3 further comprises an upper backing plate and a lower backing plate, a through hole is formed between the upper backing plate 28 and the lower backing plate, eight threaded counter bores are formed in the periphery of the through hole, and the threaded counter bores are distributed in a rectangular shape. Two clamp guide rods 29 are arranged on the upper surface of the lower positioning plate 3f, the clamp guide rods 29 are bilaterally symmetrical with respect to the ejector rod 7, and the clamp guide rods 29 are vertically arranged. The upper positioning plate 3e is provided with a through hole matched with the clamp guide rod 29, and the upper positioning plate 3e is sleeved on the clamp guide rod 29 through the through hole.
As shown in fig. 4, 10, and 11, the upper wedge 3c and the lower wedge 3d both have two shapes, one is a compression test wedge and the other is a tension test wedge. The top or the bottom of the wedge block for the compression experiment is provided with a groove, and the groove is matched with the shape of the workpiece 4. The middle axis part of the wedge-shaped block for the tensile test is provided with a vertical hole, the shape of the hole is matched with that of the outer wall of the workpiece 4, the hole is divided into two halves along the vertical direction, and the wedge-shaped block for the tensile test is divided into a left part and a right part along the axis of the hole. During the experiment, two ends of the workpiece 4 are screwed with nuts as fixed ends. When the workpiece 4 is clamped by the wedge block for the tensile test, the two nuts are clamped outside the hole of the wedge block for the tensile test, and the nuts are respectively positioned at the upper end of the upper wedge block 3c and the lower end of the lower wedge block 3 d. At this point, the friction provided by the nut and the bore of the wedge for tensile testing provided tensile stress to the experimental process. The head parts of all the wedge-shaped blocks are provided with through holes for introducing cooling water.
The side wall of the nitriding box 2 is also provided with an exhaust pipe, a fabrication hole and sealing equipment matched with the exhaust pipe, and the diameter of the fabrication hole is matched with the diameters of the exhaust pipe, the nitrogen spray pipe 2b and the heating coil 2 a. The nitrogen gas spray pipe 2b penetrates through the thickness of the nitriding box 2 and extends into the interior of the nitriding box 2, and a sealing device is arranged at the contact part of the nitrogen gas spray pipe 2b and the nitriding box 2. At the same time, the position of the nitrogen lance 2b can be manually adjusted so that the portion of the nitrogen lance 2b within the sealing device moves up and down. The heating coil 2a has a hollow tubular structure, and an internal pipe of the heating coil 2a communicates with the cooling water. The heating coil 2a is connected to the outside of the nitriding furnace through a coil fixing block 37, the heating coil 2a is energized and is extended to the middle of the work jig 3 by passing cooling water, and the nozzle of the nitrogen gas nozzle 2b is disposed opposite to the extended portion of the heating coil 2 a. The coil fixing blocks 37 are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the nitriding furnace box body, sealing rings are arranged in the coil fixing blocks, and threaded through holes are formed in the sealing rings.
As shown in fig. 13, the discharge device fixedly connected to the lower positioning plate 3f includes a discharge needle 107 as an ionization electrode, an insulating plug 108, a lead wire 109, and an insulating support 110. The specific structure form is as follows, the insulating support 108 is circular, the insulating support 108 is sleeved on the guide post 29, the conducting wire 109 is inserted in the insulating support 108, and the discharge needle 107 is connected with the conducting wire 109. The insulating plug 108 is arranged on the insulating support 108, the insulating plug 108 wraps the discharge needle 107, the insulating plug 108 is arranged at the uppermost end of the insulating support 108, and a protruding binding post is arranged on the right side of the insulating support 108. The main purpose of the discharge device is to realize the ionization of nitrogen, generate N ions and increase the nitriding efficiency.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the power mechanism includes a movable cross beam 6, a screw nut pair mechanism, a transmission mechanism and an ejector rod, the movable cross beam 6 is horizontally arranged, the screw nut pair mechanism drives the movable cross beam 6 to vertically move up and down, the transmission mechanism drives the screw rod to rotate, the ejector rod 7 is vertically arranged, the ejector rod 7 is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam 6 and the working clamp 3, a movable sealing device 5 is arranged between the outer circumference of the ejector rod 7 and the nitriding box 2, and the screw nut pair mechanism includes screw nuts 10 arranged on two sides of the movable cross beam 6 and two screw rods 8 arranged on the frame 1 through bearings. The ejector rod 7 is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam 6 and the working clamp 3 and penetrates through the movable sealing device 5 in a vertical arrangement. The movable beam 6 is provided with a screw nut 10, and the screw nut 10 penetrates through the thickness of the movable beam 6. The lead screw 8 is vertically arranged, the lead screw 8 is installed on the rack 1 through a bearing, and the lead screw 8 is combined with the lead screw nut 10. One end of the screw 8 is fixedly connected with a large belt wheel 49, and the screw 8 with the large belt wheel 49 is coaxially arranged. Two spindle nuts 10 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the ram 7 on the travelling beam 6. The top cross beam 40 is a part of the frame 1, two pairs of through holes are formed in the top cross beam 40 and are used for mounting the lead screw 8 and the polish rod 30 respectively, the top cross beam 40 is mainly supported by the polish rod 30, nuts are screwed at the tail end of the polish rod 30 to fixedly connect the top cross beam 40 and the polish rod 30, and the polish rod 30 supports the integral frame 1. The position where the screw 8 and the top cross beam 40 are fixedly arranged is at the top of the screw 8 and also at the upper side of the top cross beam 40, and a dustproof cover is arranged at the position and is fastened through a screw; the screw 8 penetrates through a screw nut 10, and the nut 10 is fixed on the movable cross beam 6 through an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw; the deep groove ball bearing 34 is used for supporting the rotation of the lead screw 8; the middle of the upper side of the movable cross beam 6 is also provided with a dust cover, and the dust cover is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam 6 through an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw; the ejector rod 7 is connected to the movable beam 6 through a positioning block 19 and a fixing block 18, the fixing block 18 is fixedly connected with the movable beam 6 through eight screws, and a gasket 16 is arranged between each screw and the movable beam 6; the mandril 7 is fixedly connected with a working clamp through a nut at the tail end and a thread at the lower part of the mandril to provide a loading force when a tensile test is carried out.
Drive mechanism includes big band pulley 49 and train transmission, and big band pulley 49 fixed connection just with the coaxial fixed connection of lead screw 8 in lead screw 8 one end, and train transmission is to big band pulley 49 with the power transmission of motor 61. The gear train transmission device includes a gear-worm reducer connected to the motor 61 and a circular-arc toothed belt synchronous device that transmits the power of the gear-worm reducer to the large belt wheel 49.
As shown in fig. 5, the lower portion of the screw 8 is sleeved in the upper bearing 48, the upper bearing 48 and the lower bearing are coaxially arranged, the lower end of the upper bearing 48 is clamped on the bearing stepped sleeve, the upper end of the upper bearing 48 is fixed through a dust cover, the dust cover is fixed on the bearing stepped sleeve through four screws, the upper end of the lower bearing is clamped on the bearing stepped sleeve, and the lower end of the lower bearing is locked through a locking nut 49. The screw 8 extends downwards and passes through the static cross beam 74, the large belt wheel 49 is arranged on the tail end of the screw 8, the large belt wheel 49 and the static cross beam are coaxially arranged, and the tail end of the large belt wheel 49 is locked by combining with the two nuts 52.
As shown in fig. 5 and 12, the gear train transmission device includes a small pulley 54, a large pulley 49, a tension pulley 53, and a toothed belt 52, the axes of which are vertically arranged, the small pulley 54 is arranged in parallel with the rotation axis of the large pulley 49, the tension pulley 53 is installed between the small pulley 54 and the large pulley 49, the tension pulley 53 is used for pressing the toothed belt 52, and the toothed belt 52 is meshed with the small pulley 54 and the large pulley 49. Two large belt pulleys 49 are provided, the two large belt pulleys 49 being symmetrically arranged about the carrier rod 7. One toothed belt 52 meshes with both the large belt pulley 49 and the small belt pulley 54, and the tensioning pulley 53 presses the toothed belt 52 from the rear to the front, so that the toothed belt 52 meshes with the small belt pulley 54, and the toothed belt 52 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the ram 7.
The motor 61 shown in fig. 6 is fixedly connected to the lower backing plate 56 through bolts, the lower backing plate 56 is fixedly connected to the lower base plate 59 through bolts, a base cover plate of the motor 61 is fixedly connected to the lower base plate 59 through bolts, the whole base is supported by four supports 60, and the right side of the motor 61 is connected with a speed reducer through a coupling 62.
As shown in fig. 7, a pinion shaft 94 horizontally arranged in the gear-worm reducer 9 is connected to the motor 61 through a coupling 62, a left end cover 91 through which the pinion shaft 94 passes is connected to a case left end cover 98 through a bolt, a spacer 95 is provided therebetween, and the case left end cover 98 is fixedly connected to the case through a bolt. A bearing is provided for supporting rotation of the pinion shaft 94, the bearing being locked in place by the sleeve 93. The pinion shaft 95 transmits power to the large cylindrical gear 97, and the large cylindrical gear 97 and the pinion shaft 95 are meshed with each other with their axes parallel. The large cylindrical gear 97 is mounted on the scroll shaft 96, the large cylindrical gear 97 is positioned and locked by the locking nut and the locking sleeve 101, and meanwhile, the locking sleeve 101 also has the positioning and locking effect on the deep groove ball bearing 103. The worm shaft 96 is connected to the worm wheel 72, the worm wheel 72 is mounted on the turbine shaft 73, and the rotation shafts of the worm wheel 72 and the turbine shaft 73 are both arranged vertically and coaxially. The upper end cover 68 is fixed to an end cover 70 on the casing by bolts, a spacer 67 is provided therebetween, and the end cover 70 of the casing is fixed to the casing by bolts and is provided with a bearing for supporting the rotation of the scroll shaft 73. The turbine shaft 73 is coaxially disposed with the small pulley 54 and rotates synchronously.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a material performance test machine with nitrogenize function which characterized in that: the device comprises a rack (1) and a nitriding box (2) fixedly connected to the rack, wherein a working clamp (3) for clamping two ends of a workpiece (4), a heating coil (2 a) extending into the nitriding box (2) and surrounding the workpiece (4), and a nitrogen spray pipe (2 b) extending into the nitriding box (2) are arranged in the nitriding box (2), and the working clamp (3) is connected with a power mechanism for driving the working clamp to stretch or compress the workpiece (4);
the power mechanism comprises a movable cross beam (6) horizontally arranged, a lead screw nut pair mechanism for driving the movable cross beam (6) to vertically move up and down, a transmission mechanism for driving a lead screw to rotate, and a vertically arranged ejector rod (7) fixedly connected with the movable cross beam (6) and the working clamp (3), wherein a movable sealing device (5) is arranged between the outer circumference of the ejector rod (7) and the nitriding box (2), and the lead screw nut pair mechanism comprises lead screw nuts (10) arranged on two sides of the movable cross beam (6) and two lead screws (8) arranged on the rack (1) through bearings;
the movable sealing device (5) comprises a sealing shell (5 a) which is arranged above the nitriding box (2) and communicated with the nitriding box (2) and a sealing movable plug (5 b) which is arranged inside the sealing shell (5 a), wherein the center of the sealing movable plug (5 b) is provided with a hole which penetrates through the sealing movable plug (5 b) and is matched with the ejector rod (7);
the working clamp (3) comprises two opposite upper split clamps and lower split clamps, the upper split clamp comprises an upper bag-shaped clamp (3 a) with an inverted trapezoidal cavity with a downward opening in the inner part and an upper positioning plate (3 e) fixed at the lower end of the upper bag-shaped clamp (3 a), a reverse taper hole is formed in the center of the upper positioning plate (3 e), an upper wedge-shaped block (3 c) with the same taper is clamped in the reverse taper hole, the lower end of a push rod (7) extends into the cavity of the upper bag-shaped clamp (3 a) and is fixed with the upper bag-shaped clamp (3 a) through a nut, the lower end of the push rod (7) is propped against the upper wedge-shaped block (3 c), the lower split clamp comprises a lower bag-shaped clamp (3 b) with an upward opening in the inner part and a lower positioning plate (3 f) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower bag-shaped clamp (3 b), and a frustum is arranged on the lower positioning plate (3 f), a lower wedge-shaped block (3 d) with the same taper as the frustum-shaped hole is clamped in the frustum-shaped hole, and a stud (42) with the upper end abutting against the lower end of the lower wedge-shaped block (3 d) is fixed in a cavity of the lower bag-shaped clamp (3 b);
the heating coil (2 a) is a hollow tubular structure, an internal pipeline of the heating coil (2 a) is communicated with cooling water, the heating coil (2 a) extends to the middle of the working clamp (3), and a nozzle of the nitrogen gas spray pipe (2 b) is arranged opposite to the extending part of the heating coil (2 a).
2. The material performance testing machine with the nitriding function according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission mechanism comprises a large belt wheel (49) fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod (8) and coaxially and fixedly connected with the screw rod (8), and a gear train transmission device for transmitting the power of the motor (61) to the large belt wheel (49), wherein the gear train transmission device comprises a gear-worm reducer connected with the motor (61) and an arc tooth synchronous belt device for transmitting the power of the gear-worm reducer to the large belt wheel (49).
3. The material performance testing machine with the nitriding function according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealing shell (5 a) is provided with a buffer ring (85), and the side wall of the inner hole of the sealing movable plug (5 b) is provided with a key (25).
4. The material performance testing machine with the nitriding function according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the lower positioning plate (3 f) is provided with two vertically arranged clamp guide rods (29) which are bilaterally symmetrical about the ejector rod (7), the upper positioning plate (3 e) is provided with a through hole matched with the clamp guide rods (29), and the upper positioning plate (3 e) is sleeved on the clamp guide rods (29) through the through hole.
5. The material performance testing machine with the nitriding function according to claim 1, wherein: the upper wedge block (3 c) and the lower wedge block (3 d) are divided into two types, namely a compression experiment wedge block and a tension experiment wedge block, and the compression experiment wedge block comprises the lower wedge block (3 d) and the upper wedge block (3 c), wherein the top surface of the lower wedge block (3 d) is provided with a groove matched with the shape of the workpiece (4), and the bottom surface of the upper wedge block (3 c) is provided with a groove matched with the shape of the workpiece (4).
6. The material performance tester with nitriding function according to claim 5, characterized in that: the wedge block for the tensile test comprises an upper wedge block (3 c) and a lower wedge block (3 d) which are vertically arranged and provided with holes matched with the outer wall of the workpiece (4) in shape, and the wedge block for the tensile test is divided into a left part and a right part along the axis of the holes.
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| CN110455628B true CN110455628B (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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| CN112756464A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-05-07 | 太原理工大学 | Plate thermal drawing/bulging performance testing device based on universal testing machine |
| CN113624605B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2024-06-11 | 陕西大工旭航电磁科技有限公司 | Medium strain rate experimental device based on electromagnetic force loading |
| CN114923766A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-08-19 | 上海氢枫能源技术有限公司 | Hydrogen environment mechanical test device and test method thereof |
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