CN1104496A - 放射性内部损伤 - Google Patents

放射性内部损伤 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1104496A
CN1104496A CN94101696A CN94101696A CN1104496A CN 1104496 A CN1104496 A CN 1104496A CN 94101696 A CN94101696 A CN 94101696A CN 94101696 A CN94101696 A CN 94101696A CN 1104496 A CN1104496 A CN 1104496A
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gla
medicine
dgla
treatment
acid
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D·F·霍罗宾
C·A·施科特
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Scotia Holdings PLC
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/20—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids
    • A61K31/202—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids having three or more double bonds, e.g. linolenic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
    • A23L33/12—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/20—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
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Abstract

通过服用GLA和/或DGLA来预防或治疗电 离辐射所致内部组织损伤，特别是中枢神经系统的损 伤。用于该治疗或预防的含GLA和/或DGLA的 药物还可以含有EPA和/或DHA。

Description

在癌症治疗的多种形式中，放射疗法是非常重要的形式。但由于它损害正常组织而受到限制。电离辐射对身体的许多正常部分有害，特别是对皮肤、胃肠道和中枢神经系统、还有许多其它组织有害。
最近我们发现了（EPA0416855）一种新的减轻或防止放射损伤皮肤的方法。皮肤损伤也许是最常见的放射损伤形式，因为辐射总是必须通过皮肤到达下面的癌组织，而且电离辐射能够破坏必需脂肪酸（EFAs）中存在的双键。由于该EFAs在皮肤中特别重要，EFA缺乏状态的第一个指征总是皮肤损伤，因此我们推想补充EFAs，特别是主要的食用EFAs亚油酸和α-亚麻酸经6-去饱和的EFAs可能会有用。这样的6-去饱和的酸包括γ-亚麻酸（GLA）和二高-γ-亚麻酸（DGLA）。GLA被认为在皮肤中具有特殊的价值，因为皮肤没有能力将亚油酸转化成GLA。在上面的早先申请中，我们报道了GLA和其它的脂肪酸在减轻由放射治疗引起的皮肤损伤方面确实有效。
电离辐射的最严重的不良作用无疑就是对中枢神经系统（CNS）的损害。该损害限制了电离辐射在治疗下列癌症方面的效用：CNS的癌症，或在靠近CNS的癌症如脊髓周围的骨癌，它们常常是某些癌症如乳腺癌、前列腺癌或结肠直肠癌的转移。病人和医生常常做出宁愿让癌症生长的选择，也不愿付出不可逆的脑或脊髓损伤的代价。
业已证明，治疗辐射所致中枢神经系统的损伤是个棘手的问题，尚未研究出成功的方法。与治疗辐射对皮肤的损伤相对照，一些药物可以在某种程度上减轻该辐射损害。因此，我们曾认为，象必需脂肪酸这样的简单的物质似乎非常不可能是有益的，而且，由于中枢神经系统能将亚油酸转化成GLA，因此，补给与亚油酸相对的GLA尤其不大可能会有任何较重要的价值。然而，进行了一项试验，其中对猪的脊髓给予标准剂量的辐射。该剂量总是可使60-90%的该动物在8-12周内产生截瘫。对10只猪暴露辐射前进行一周预处理，然后用6ml/天葵花油（含亚油酸）或6ml/天月见草油处理16周；葵花油和月见草油间唯一重要的差别是后者含GLA。在葵花油组中，三只动物辐照后8周产生截瘫并只得处死。可是，在GLA组中，只有1只动物产生截瘫，另两只动物在8-9周时出现暂时的神经异常，但不久后就消除了，并且在第16周时这些猪仍活着并且很健康。
该实验清楚地完全出乎意料地表明：简单的化合物GLA，能够提供显著的保护作用，以防对中枢神经系统的辐射损伤，而亚油酸则不能。由于GLA在体内被迅速转化成DGLA，因此，尽管未正式进行试验，DGLA仍被认为是等效的。此外，按照本发明，GLA和/或DGLA可随意与n-3EFAs配合使用；所述n-3EFAs也可以用来治疗辐射损伤的组织，例如二十碳五烯酸（EPA）或二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）。
由于对CNS的损害和对皮肤的损害在组织的相似性方面没有显而易见的联系，特别是关于必需脂肪酸的代谢，因此GLA能减轻这两类辐射损害的事实提示：该治疗方法在治疗或预防对任何内部的正常组织的辐射损害方面是有效的。
因此，广义地说，本发明是GLA和DGLA在制备药物或食物方面的用途，所述药物或食物可用于在辐射治疗中减轻或防止对中枢神经系统或其它内部组织的辐射损害；本发明还涉及GLA和DGLA在相应的实际治疗方法方面的用途。
GLA和其它的酸可以任何适宜的形式来使用，所述适宜形式包括游离脂肪酸，一价和二价金属的盐，酯，包括甘油一酯、甘油二酯或甘油三酯、胆固醇酯，磷脂类和任何可有效地被释放至所需部位的适宜的形式。GLA可以例如经下列途径来使用：口服、肠道内、肠道外（皮下、肌内、静脉内）、直肠、阴道、鼻、局部或任何其它适当的途径。
GLA或其它酸的剂量的变动范围可以例如为1mg至100g/天。以10mg至20g/天为佳，以100mg至5g/天为最好。当被制成局部用或肠道外用或肠道内用溶液或食物时，该浓度的变动范围可以例如为0.01-50%，以0.1-20%为佳，以1-10%为最好。
下列实例举例说明本发明。
实例
1.含50-500mg以任何适宜形式存在的GLA的软明胶胶囊或硬明胶胶囊，推荐剂量为2-10个胶囊/天。
2.含100-200mg以任何适当形式存在的GLA的片剂或锭剂，推荐日剂量为4-8片/日。
3.含重量为0.1-10%的GLA的局部用乳膏剂、油膏剂、whip、泡沫剂、阴道栓、栓剂或任何其它适当配方的乳剂。
4.含重量为1-30%的GLA的肠道外用或肠道内用乳剂或溶液。
5.含重量为0.1-10%的GLA的食物，如颗粒、乳膏、凝胶、锭剂、絮片、粉末或任何其它本领域技术人员公知的形式。
6-10.同1-5，但所不同的是：活性成分是DGLA。
11-20.同1-10，但所不同的是：每单位剂量还含10-300mgEPA或DHA，或者在局部用、肠道内用、肠道外用或食用制剂中还含有0.1-10%（重量）的EPA或DHA。

Claims (9)

1、用于治疗或预防电离辐射所致中枢神经系统损伤或体内其它组织损伤的药物的制备方法，其中GLA或DGLA或这两者都可用药学上可接受的稀释剂或载体制成所述的药物，该药物还可以含EPA或DHA或它们二者。
2、按照权利要求1的方法，其中，该药物为适宜于使用的形式，各酸的日剂量为1mg至100g，以10mg至10g为佳，以100mg至5g为最好。
3、按照权利要求1或2的方法，其中该药物为肠道外用或肠道内用组合物，或者为食用组合物，各酸的重量浓度为0.01-50%，以0.1-20%为佳，以1-10%为最好。
4、GLA、DGLA或它们二者在用于治疗或预防电离辐射所致中枢神经系统损伤或体内其它组织损伤时，可以与EPA配合使用。
5、权利要求4的酸，以适宜使用的形式存在，各酸的日剂量如权利要求2中所述的日剂量。
6、权利要求4的酸，它以如权利要求3中所述的组合物形式存在。
7、治疗包括预防性治疗电离辐射所致中枢神经系统损伤或体内其它组织损伤的方法，其中，给需要该治疗的病人服用有效量的GLA或DGLA或者它们二者，可以同时配合使用EPA或DHA或它们二者。
8、按照权利要求7的方法，各酸的日剂量为1mg至100g，以10mg至10g为佳，以100mg至5g为最好。
9、按照权利要求8的方法，其中，酸以如权利要求3中所述的组合物形式来使用。
CN94101696A 1993-01-26 1994-01-26 放射性内部损伤 Pending CN1104496A (zh)

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GB9301446.2 1993-01-26
GB939301446A GB9301446D0 (en) 1993-01-26 1993-01-26 Internal radiation damage

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EP (1) EP0609064A1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH06279277A (zh)
KR (1) KR940018089A (zh)
CN (1) CN1104496A (zh)
AU (1) AU673868B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2114047A1 (zh)
GB (1) GB9301446D0 (zh)
NO (1) NO940266L (zh)
NZ (1) NZ250757A (zh)
RU (1) RU94002337A (zh)
ZA (1) ZA94392B (zh)

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CN103816144A (zh) * 2009-04-29 2014-05-28 尊贵科学有限公司 多不饱和脂肪酸类用于治疗皮肤炎症的用途
US9056086B2 (en) 2011-10-19 2015-06-16 Dignity Sciences Limited Pharmaceutical compositions comprising DGLA, 15-HEPE, and/or 15-HETrE and methods of use thereof

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US9056086B2 (en) 2011-10-19 2015-06-16 Dignity Sciences Limited Pharmaceutical compositions comprising DGLA, 15-HEPE, and/or 15-HETrE and methods of use thereof

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ZA94392B (en) 1994-09-01
US5583159A (en) 1996-12-10
NO940266L (no) 1994-07-27
NZ250757A (en) 1997-06-24
CA2114047A1 (en) 1994-07-27
RU94002337A (ru) 1996-08-27
KR940018089A (ko) 1994-08-16
GB9301446D0 (en) 1993-03-17
JPH06279277A (ja) 1994-10-04
US5663202A (en) 1997-09-02
NO940266D0 (no) 1994-01-25
AU673868B2 (en) 1996-11-28
EP0609064A1 (en) 1994-08-03
AU5395894A (en) 1994-08-04

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