CN1104426A

CN1104426A - Dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops

Info

Publication number: CN1104426A
Application number: CN 94115227
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郝迺斌; 戈巧英; 刘祚昌
Original assignee: Institute of Botany of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Botany of CAS
Priority date: 1994-09-27
Filing date: 1994-09-27
Publication date: 1995-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 2014-09-27
Also published as: CN1044430C

Abstract

This dwarf agent resistant to lodging for long-stalked crops is a compound comprising cycogan, ethrel, cholamino acid, naphthylacetic acid and gibberellin etc., which has different physiological functions. It can promote cells to grow horizontally, adventifious roots and lodging root to stretch and activity of enzymes in the plants, regulate the biological synthesis for ethylene, produce and increase photosynthesis. It can be added with proper N or P2O5 or K2O or EnSO4 or rare earth elements or composites with several nutrients according to the needs. Applicating this agent, it can shorten the height 18.8-28.8% for long-stalked plants, lower the spike height 32-45.5%, thicken the stalk, increase the toughness 39.4-57.2%. It's not only resistant to lodging but also increase the production.

Description

Dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops

The present invention relates to a kind of preparation of regulating crop growth, particularly can make high bar crops dwarfing and resist down excellent preparation.

Long-stalked crop comprises wheat, corn, jowar, millet etc., these crops especially wheat, corn occupy critical role in China's grain-production, high yield in recent years facts have proved, the corn yield increasing potentiality are very big, but corn is as long-stalked crop, its lodging problem is not well solved for a long time, and under the condition of dense planting, it is more outstanding to lodge." the corn robust element " of Chu Shouing mainly contains its defective of ethrel and is that this medicine can only take out male phase beginning at corn and spray in the market, so elongation unrestraint effect to corn bottom internode, can only suppress the elongation of fruit ear top internode, finally cause the top internode to shorten, the intensive cap shape that is of blade, such plant type not only ventilation and penetrating light is bad, and it is top-heavy, easier lodging, simultaneously owing to be spray medicine when milpa is tall and big, make troubles for the dispenser operation, particularly mechanized more can't be carried out.

The plant growth retardent that widely used both at home and abroad at present " chlormequat " is a kind of synthetic, plant growing had retarding action, this " chlormequat " is used to prevent that the wheat lodging from having certain effect, but to barley, oat lodging, effect is then not obvious, corn is lodged then effect is poorer, because it is a kind of plant growth retardent, so when preventing to lodge, can cause the crop fruit ear to diminish inevitably and cause the underproduction.

The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned " robust element " " chlormequat " and so on medicine, provide a kind of according to the long-stalked crop growth and development characteristics, take effective chemical control means, regulate some physiological and biochemical procedure of inside plants, making it that physiological take place downgrades, it is resistant to lodging thereby reach, and a kind of long-stalked crop that helps increasing production purpose is again downgraded lodging resistance agent.

The present invention is a kind of compound that contains the number of chemical composition, and its physiological action of these chemical compositions is not quite similar, and the composition that has can delay the cell elongation growth, but can promote the cell horizontal expansion, and the chemical composition that has then promotes the formation and the elongation of adventive root or lateral root; And the other chemical composition has the activity that improves some enzyme in the plant corpus, regulates the biosynthesis of ethene, effects such as generation and raising photosynthetic efficiency.Therefore, physiological function of the present invention is many-sided, and its main effects is the elongation by intercalary meristem's cell of control internode, cause the dwarfing of long-stalked crop plant, promote the cell horizontal expansion simultaneously, increase the cane rugosity, promote root system early to send out, increase the root amount.Improve chlorophyll content, delay functions such as leaf senile.

The present invention seeks to implement by following proposal, promptly this dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops main component comprises the chlormequat of rational proportion, ethrel, the nitrogen propylhomoserin, methyl, components such as gibberellin, chlormequat wherein is in order to delay the elongation of plant internodal cell, the growth that ethrel is not only capable of inhibiting cell, also can promote the cell horizontal expansion simultaneously, both composite applications just can make the stem of plant downgrade sturdy, tough and tensile, methyl and gibberellin effect are the activity of ethylene synthetase in the adjustable joint plant corpus, the nitrogen propylhomoserin (the nitrogenous propylhomoserin of the present invention) that its external source is imported changes into more ethene, thereby delay the growth of plant, methyl also has the growth that promotes plant adventive root and lateral root in addition, root system of plant is early sent out, the root amount increases and is flourishing, flourishing root system helps plant on the one hand and better absorbs nutrition in the soil, can play the set effect to plant on the other hand, resistant to lodging, gibberellin then can improve plant photosynthesis efficient, therefore dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops provided by the present invention is a kind of long-stalked crop dwarfing and preparation resistant to lodging of making, owing to solved the lodging problem of long-stalked crop effectively, so on this basis, can realize the dense planting of long-stalked crop, dense planting can be increased production, in addition, more photosynthetic product is migrated aspect the plant reproductive growth, can promote growing of fruit ear, to reach big panicle many grains per panicle, the volume increase purpose that grain is full, in addition, said preparation also can add the essential nutrition of an amount of plant growing (as N, P, K, Zn etc.) to satisfy the needs of crop growth.The degree of dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops key component provided by the invention is: chlormequat 10-30%, ethrel 10-50%, nitrogen propylhomoserin 10-40%, methyl 0.1-2%, gibberellin 0.01-1%, for increasing requisite nutrient component in the long-stalked crop production process, can add an amount of N or P in addition according to the difference of different long-stalked crop desired nutritional compositions and different soil property needs ₂O ₅Or K ₂O or ZnSO ₄Or the combination of rare-earth element or several nutrients.

Through in Beijing, the field trial of 34 corn varieties in ground such as Tianjin, Hebei, Henan, Shandong proves, using dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops provided by the invention can make bottom, fringe position internode significantly shorten, rugosity increases, top, fringe position internode does not almost have influence or slightly elongation, so being presented, blade dredges close shape down, plant type is reasonable, and ventilation and penetrating light is good.The milpa height of using said preparation can reduce 18.8-28.8%, and height of stachys position reduces 32-45.5%, and the cane toughness improves 39.4-57.2%, thereby greatly reduces the center of gravity of plant, has strengthened cane toughness, has improved the lodging tolerance of corn significantly.Also reduce empty bar rate, improve fringe portion proterties.Therefore, suitably increasing under the density situation, effect of increasing production is arranged, if compare with the lodging plot takes place, effect of increasing production is more remarkable.

Embodiment 1, prepare a kind of dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops with component recited above and proportioning, its concrete weight percentages is:

Chlormequat 15%, ethrel 13%, dawn propylhomoserin 35%, methyl 1%, gibberellin 0.5 and an amount of N, K ₂O, P ₂O ₅, EnSO ₄

Use in the summer corn test through Beijing City Agriculture Technology Spreading Station, its lodging rate only is 0.56% as a result, does not have the phenomenon that fractures, and the check plot lodging rate of end spray medicine reaches 20.19%, the rate of fractureing is 10%, through the evidence of multiple spot large tracts of land, sprays average volume increase 25.49% behind this dwarfing resistance to lodging agent.

Academy of agricultural sciences, Shandong Province corn this dwarfing resistance to lodging agent is used for the experimental field of No. 10, Lu Yu, its result proves, can prevent lodging effectively, has increased grain number per spike and thousand kernel weight, grain yield improves 14.7%.

Embodiment 2, prepare a kind of dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops with component recited above and proportioning, and its concrete weight percentages of components is: chlormequat 15%, ethrel 13%, dawn propylhomoserin 35%, methyl 1%, gibberellin 0.5% and an amount of N, P ₂O ₅, K ₂O and ZnSO ₄With the evidence of this preparation at Chinese Academy of Sciences heredity institute farm and Miyun County, this preparation can make the overstriking of wheat plant poor growth cane after the wheat jointing initial stage sprays, final plant height can reduce about 10 centimeters, prevented the lodging of wheat, thereby reached the volume increase purpose, amount of increase in production about 10%.

Claims

1, a kind of dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops is made up of chlormequat or ethrel, it is characterized in that its component is chlormequat, ethrel, dawn propylhomoserin, methyl, the gibberellin of rational proportion.

2, by the described dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops of claim 1, it is characterized in that the weight percent proportioning of each component is: chlormequat 10-30%, ethrel 10-50%, dawn propylhomoserin 10-40%, methyl 0.1-2%, gibberellin 0.01-1%.

3, by claim 1,2 described dwarf and resistance to lodging agent for long-stalked crops is characterized in that and can add an amount of N or P according to the needs of the difference of different long-stalked crop desired nutritional compositions and different soil property ₂O ₅Or K ₂O or EnSO ₄Or the combination of rare earth element or several nutrients.