CN110442091B - Chemical plant electronic emergency plan and accident handling auxiliary method - Google Patents
Chemical plant electronic emergency plan and accident handling auxiliary method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of accident management and control, in particular to an electronic emergency plan and an auxiliary accident disposal method for a chemical plant. The accident management assistance method includes: deriving and updating the associated variables; displaying the related plan; and judging whether the plan is upgraded or cancelled. The substantial effects of the invention are as follows: establishing an accident handling content standardized format to promote the sharing and accumulation of accident handling experience; the response speed of accident tracking is improved, and timely reference is provided for accident handling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of accident management and control, in particular to an electronic emergency plan and an accident disposal auxiliary method for a chemical plant.
Background
Many products in national economy are related to the chemical industry. Therefore, the chemical industry is an indispensable important component in national economy of China, and the development of the chemical industry is a sustainable development way which has important practical significance for the development of human economy and society. The chemical industry comprises chemical industry, oil refining, metallurgy, energy, light industry and the like, and is the basic industry of social economy. Due to the various types, complex process and various products of chemical plants, the raw materials and intermediate products used in the production have the advantages of various types, large quantity, flammability, explosiveness and high toxicity. Meanwhile, chemical products can generate a large amount of toxic substances in various links such as processing, storage, use, waste treatment and the like, so that the ecological environment is influenced and the human health is endangered. Therefore, the safe production of the chemical plant has important practical significance for economy, social stability and environmental maintenance. Because chemical plant doors are various and materials are various, safety control of chemical plants is difficult to form commonality. At present, chemical plants are still adopted to respectively set up emergency plans. Due to the limited human resources and experience in handling accidents in chemical plants, emergency plans for chemical plants are not fine enough, and only the handling of accidents is generally formulated. When accident handling is actually performed, the experience of operators on duty in accident handling is still mainly relied on. Meanwhile, in such situations, the emergency treatment experience of the chemical plant cannot be effectively shared, so that the accumulation of the accident treatment experience is hindered, and the improvement of the accident treatment level is limited.
With the development of computer science and technology, a dynamic accident deduction system based on simulation is developed to assist in accident disposal. For example, chinese patent CN103927410B, published 2018, 5 month and 15 day, a chemical accident emergency plan dynamic deduction simulation system, which comprises: the basic data platform module is used for providing geographic information data, site basic information data and numerical simulation data of an accident occurrence process for constructing a three-dimensional model for dynamically deducing an emergency plan for the simulation system; the three-dimensional plan editing module is used for associating various emergency plans existing in the enterprises with various information of the three-dimensional scene according to various information data provided by the basic data platform module, so that the petrochemical enterprises can edit the chemical accident emergency plans and edit the emergency plans into a three-dimensional form; and the three-dimensional digital plan platform module is used for dynamically deducing and displaying the edited three-dimensional emergency plan. The system can overcome a plurality of defects caused by adopting paper and electronic documents, and leads managers and employees to have comprehensive, specific and strong-pertinence understanding on a plurality of accidents in the actual working process of petrochemical enterprises.
However, the technical scheme has the following defects: firstly, a large amount of time is needed to construct geographic information data of the three-dimensional model, and the cost investment is large; secondly, numerical simulation data of the accident occurrence process are relied on, and the simulation data are not easy to obtain; and thirdly, the dynamic deduction process of the three-dimensional emergency plan is complex, a large amount of hardware resources are consumed, the operation is long, and the time response requirement in accident handling is hard to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the technical problem that a scheme capable of quickly responding and effectively assisting in accident disposal of a chemical plant is lacked at present. The method is simple in construction and quick in response, and provides an electronic emergency plan and an accident disposal auxiliary method for a chemical plant.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the electronic emergency plan of the chemical plant is stored in a server, the server is in communication connection with a DCS of the chemical plant and comprises plan object information, triggering conditions, levels, upgrading conditions, grading plan content and removing conditions, the plan object information comprises an object name, an object type and an object area, the triggering conditions are conditions which need to be met by monitoring data when the plan is triggered, the upgrading conditions are conditions which need to be met by the monitoring data when the plan is upgraded, and the removing conditions are conditions which need to be met by the monitoring data when the plan is removed. The accident identification method is converted into DCS data of a chemical plant, an accident disposal content standardized format is established, sharing and accumulation of accident disposal experience are promoted, a plan can be automatically triggered according to the DCS data of the chemical plant, and the speed and accuracy of triggering the plan are improved.
Preferably, the plan table further includes associated variables and associated trigger conditions, and the associated variables include the temperature of the area where the plan object is located, the type of the hazardous gas, and the concentration of the hazardous gas. The association variable reflects the temperature of the plan object area corresponding to each plan table and the dangerous gas condition under the influence of the safety accident, plays a role in tracking the situation development of the safety accident, and provides important reference for accident disposal.
Preferably, the associated variables further include wind direction and wind speed. The wind direction and the wind speed of an accident site have obvious influence on the development of an accident, and the wind direction and the wind speed of a corresponding area are displayed while a plan table is displayed by monitoring the wind direction and the wind speed, so that an accident handling attendant can master the accident situation more comprehensively, and the accident handling is facilitated.
Preferably, the plan table further comprises a deduction time T and a delay associated variable, when the safety accident exists, the server deducts the grade of the plan table after the T time and the value of the associated variable by using real-time monitoring data, and the value of the associated variable after the T time is used as the value of the delay associated variable. After a safety accident occurs and before treatment measures are in place, a window period T is available, and the accident can continuously develop and change in the window period T. Therefore, the range and the intensity of the accident after the empty window period T are predicted from the beginning, and the handling of the accident can be more targeted.
An auxiliary method for disposing accidents in chemical plants is based on the electronic emergency plan and comprises the following steps: A11) if the existing safety accidents comprise fire conditions, deriving and updating the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table, and if the existing safety accidents comprise dangerous gas leakage, deriving and updating the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table, wherein the dangerous gas type in the associated variable is a corresponding leakage type; A12) displaying the triggered plans and a plurality of plans with the maximum change of the associated variables through a display device for assisting accident handling; A13) reading the monitoring data, upgrading the plan if the upgrading condition of the plan is met, and removing the plan if the removing condition is met; A14) the steps a11 to a13 are repeatedly executed until the plan is released or the plan is manually closed. The temperature of relevant equipment and the type and concentration of dangerous gas in the equipment area are calculated, so that important reference can be provided for accident handling decisions, and the accident handling decisions are more targeted and more reliable.
Preferably, in step a11, the following is also performed: if the existing safety accident comprises a fire, deducing a temperature value of an associated variable of each plan table after T time, and updating the temperature value of a delay associated variable, if the existing safety accident comprises dangerous gas leakage, deducing a dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table after T time, and updating the dangerous gas concentration of the delay associated variable, wherein the dangerous gas types in the associated variable and the delay associated variable are corresponding leakage types; in step a12, the several plans with the most varying postponed associated variables are displayed. The method has the advantages that the plan table with the largest variation can be displayed, the association hazards caused by accidents can be displayed for the treating staff, and after the T time is displayed, the association variable value of the plan table with the largest variation can display the accident spreading condition after the T time for the treating staff, so that the treating staff can deal with the accident pertinently, the accident development is controlled in an auxiliary mode, and the accident loss is reduced.
Preferably, the method for deriving the temperature value of the associated variable of each protocol table is as follows: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the fire area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is greater than a set threshold value, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged; if the resistance of the air flow channel between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation area is less than or equal to the set threshold, judging whether the air flow channel area is windless, if the resistance is windless, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction model, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is in the air outlet, if the resistance is in the air outlet, the time t between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation area is less than or equal to Ds/vwIn the interior, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction model, wherein DsIs the shortest distance between the planned object area and the fire area, vwThe time t is more than D from the occurrence of the fire condition according to the wind speeds/vwThe temperature value of the related variable of the plan table is Cm，
Cm＝βCt，β∈[0.6，1]
CtThe temperature value of the edge of the fire area is β is an adjustment coefficient, the smaller the distance between the plan object area and the fire area is, or the smaller the resistance of the airflow channel between the plan object area and the fire area is, β takes a larger value, if the plan object of the plan table is at the air inlet, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is obtained according to the air heat conduction model.
Preferably, the method for deriving the concentration of the hazardous gas for the associated variable of each protocol table is: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the dangerous gas leakage area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is larger than a set threshold value, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged; if the resistance of the plan object of the plan table and the airflow channel of the dangerous gas leakage area is less than or equal to the set threshold, the leakage source is taken as the center edgeThe flow proportion of the hazardous gas in sixteen directions is judged according to the plant layout, the density of the hazardous gas, the wind direction and the wind speed of a chemical plantr，r∈[1，16]Then the dangerous gas concentration Q of the associated variable of the plan tabley＝uQ, whereinuThe azimuth of the plan target area of the plan table at the leakage source is shown, and Q is the concentration of the hazardous gas at the leakage source.
Preferably, the flow rate ratio of the hazardous gas in sixteen directionsrThe method comprises the following steps: determining the flow ratio in the horizontal direction: selecting a certain airflow channel as a reference channel according to the plant layout of a chemical plant, further determining the resistance ratio of airflow channels in the rest seven horizontal directions relative to the reference channel, if no airflow channel exists in a certain direction, the resistance ratio of the airflow channels is infinite, taking the reciprocal of the resistance ratio in each direction as a weight, if a leakage area is windy, determining the flow proportion of a plurality of downward wind directions according to the weight distribution, wherein the flow proportion of the rest directions is 0, and if the leakage area is windless, determining the flow proportion of eight horizontal directions according to the weight distribution; determining the flow ratio in the vertical direction: if the hazardous gas is heavy gas, the flow rate ratio in the upper direction is 0, the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the lower direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is equal to air, the flow rate ratios in the upper direction and the lower direction are respectively equal to half of the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is less than the air density, the flow rate ratio in the lower direction is 0, and the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the upper direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction.
Preferably, the temperature among the variables is related
Wherein F0Temperature of the central zone of the fire, DsThe distance between the planned object area and the fire center; the method for acquiring the concentration P of the dangerous gas in the related variables comprises the following steps: if the leakage source is indoor, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the leakage source, if so, P ═0, if there is a diffusion channel, then
n is the total number of leakage source diffusion channels, and Q is the leakage rate of the leakage source; and if the leakage source is outdoor, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is downwind of the leakage source, if so, calculating the concentration P of the dangerous gas in the associated variable by using a Gaussian plume model, otherwise, setting P to be 0.
The substantial effects of the invention are as follows: an accident disposal content standardized format is established through an electronic emergency plan, and sharing and accumulation of accident disposal experience are promoted; in the accident handling process, the tracking simulation of the incident can be realized only by performing data comparison and a small amount of operation, so that the response speed of the accident tracking is improved, and a timely reference is provided for the accident handling.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system applied in an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an exemplary event handling assistance method.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for deriving a temperature value of an associated variable according to an embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an associated variable hazardous gas concentration derivation method according to an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary fire handling according to an embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary hazardous gas leak disposal according to an embodiment.
Wherein: 100. the system comprises a chemical plant DCS, 101, a second air storage tank, 102, six air delivery pipes, 103, a fourth air storage tank, 200, a plan table entry system, 201, a second air storage tank fire condition plan table, 202, a six air delivery pipe leakage plan table, 203, a fourth air storage tank leakage plan table, 204, a third office leakage plan table, 300, a server, 400 and a display unit.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
an electronic emergency plan of a chemical plant is recorded and stored in a server 300 through a plan table recording system 200, the server 300 is in communication connection with a DCS-100 of the chemical plant, and a display unit 400 is connected with the server 300, as shown in fig. 1, this embodiment includes plan object information, a trigger condition, a level, an upgrade condition, a hierarchical plan content, a release condition, a deduction time T, an associated variable, an associated trigger condition, and a postponed associated variable, where the plan object information includes an object name, an object type, and an object area, the trigger condition is a condition that monitoring data needs to be satisfied when the plan is triggered, the upgrade condition is a condition that monitoring data needs to be satisfied when the plan is upgraded, and the release condition is a condition that monitoring data needs to be satisfied when the plan is released. The associated variables include the temperature, the hazardous gas type, the hazardous gas concentration, the wind direction and the wind speed of the area where the plan object is located. When a security accident exists, the server 300 deduces the grade of the pre-arranged plan table after T time and the value of the associated variable by using the real-time monitoring data, and the value of the associated variable after T time is used as the value of the postponed associated variable. The display unit 400 includes a disposition display unit 400, an alarm display unit 400 and an execution display unit 400, wherein the disposition display unit 400 is used for displaying the triggered plan table to the accident disposition attendant, the alarm display is used for alarming the upper management department or the government department, and the execution display unit 400 is used for displaying the contents of the plan to be executed to the staff at the accident site.
As shown in table 1, the plan table describes the plan contents of a gas tank storing combustible gas in case of fire, which is named gas tank two 101, is a vertical gas tank, and has two tanks in northwest region, and one high-span first floor to third floor. The content of the first-level fire situation plan is that a fire extinguishing group on duty carries a fire extinguisher, extinguishes an initial and stable fire and closes an air source valve; the first-level triggering condition is that the smoke sensor at the corresponding position triggers an alarm or the temperature C measured on the surface of the tank is more than 160 ℃ and the pressure in the tank has abnormal loss. Since the schedule is directed to fire, the hazardous gas species: none, the hazardous gas category in this embodiment mainly refers to toxic gas, and toxic combustible gas is treated as toxic gas before combustion and treated as fire after combustion. When the temperature in the associated triggering condition reaches 1200 ℃, namely the second gas storage tank 101 is intact, but because the nearby gas tank body has a fire, the temperature of the second gas storage tank 101 reaches 1200 ℃, the material of the second tank body deforms at a high temperature, the second tank body cracks, gas leaks, and the second gas storage tank 101 generates a fire, so that the fire plan table of the second gas storage tank 101 is triggered.
TABLE 1 gas tank two fire situation plan table 201
An auxiliary method for handling accidents in chemical plants, as shown in fig. 2, includes the following steps: A11) if the existing safety accident comprises a fire, deriving and updating a temperature value of an associated variable of each plan table, deriving a temperature value of an associated variable of each plan table after T time, and updating a temperature value of a delay associated variable, if the existing safety accident comprises dangerous gas leakage, deriving and updating a dangerous gas concentration of an associated variable of each plan table, deriving a dangerous gas concentration of an associated variable of each plan table after T time, and updating a dangerous gas concentration of a delay associated variable, wherein the dangerous gas types in the associated variable and the delay associated variable are corresponding leakage types; A12) displaying the triggered plans, the plurality of plans with the maximum change of the associated variables and the plurality of plans with the maximum change of the delayed associated variables through a display device for assisting accident handling; A13) reading the monitoring data, upgrading the plan if the upgrading condition of the plan is met, and removing the plan if the removing condition is met; A14) the steps a11 to a13 are repeatedly executed until the plan is released or the plan is manually closed.
There are various ways to derive the temperature values of the associated variables, and a finite element simulation model, a heat conduction model and a heat convection model in the prior art can be used for the derivation of the temperature values in the present embodiment. The present embodiment provides a way to derive the associated variable temperature value. The method has the advantages of high speed and derivationThe method has the advantage of necessarily converging, and is suitable for the situation that a reference result needs to be given quickly under the condition of accident handling. As shown in fig. 3, the temperature derivation method specifically includes: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the fire area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is larger than the set threshold value, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged. The resistance of the air flow channels is obtained by air flow testing or hydrodynamic analysis, since only relative resistance results between the channels need to be obtained. The present embodiment adopts the average cross-sectional area of the passage and the number of times of turning of the passage as the basis for determining the resistance of the airflow passage. And if the accumulated turning angle of the airflow channel exceeds 540 degrees, judging that the resistance of the airflow channel is greater than a set threshold value. The cross-sectional area of the air flow channel is S, the closest point of fire is taken as the center of sphere, and the spherical surface area with the distance from the closest point of fire to the inlet of the air flow channel as the radius is SVIf S/SVIf the resistance is less than 0.1, the resistance of the airflow channel is judged to be larger than a set threshold value.
If the resistance of the air flow channel between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation area is less than or equal to the set threshold value. Judging whether the air flow channel area is windless or not, if the air flow channel area is windless, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction model, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is at the lower air inlet or not, and if the plan object is at the lower air inlet, judging that the time t from the fire occurrence is less than or equal to Ds/vwIn the interior, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction model, wherein DsIs the shortest distance between the planned object area and the fire area, vwThe time t is more than D from the occurrence of the fire condition according to the wind speeds/vwTemperature value of related variable of internal time plan table
Cm＝βCt，β∈[0.6，1]
CtThe temperature value of the edge of the fire area is β is an adjustment coefficient, the smaller the distance between the plan object area and the fire area is, or the smaller the resistance of the airflow channel between the plan object area and the fire area is, the larger the value β is, if the plan object of the plan table is at the air inlet, the temperature value of the related variable of the plan table is obtained according to the air heat conduction model.
The method of deriving the hazardous gas concentration of the associated variable can use the prior art fluid mechanics analysis and fluid finite element analysis, but the fluid mechanics analysis and finite element analysis are time consuming and the results do not necessarily converge. Therefore, the following method is used in this embodiment, and as shown in fig. 4, the method specifically includes: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the dangerous gas leakage area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is larger than a set threshold value, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged; if the resistance of the air flow channel between the plan object of the plan table and the dangerous gas leakage area is less than or equal to the set threshold, the leakage source is used as the center to divide eight directions uniformly along the horizontal direction, the upper and the lower directions are divided along the vertical direction, and the total directions are sixteen directions, specifically: the upper west, the upper northwest, the upper north, the upper northeast, the upper east, the upper southeast, the upper south, the upper southwest, the upper west, the upper northwest, the upper north, the upper northeast, the upper east, the upper southeast, the upper south and the upper southwest are positioned below the leakage source, an included angle between a connecting line and the horizontal is larger than 5 degrees, the lower side is taken as the lower side, and the rest are taken as the upper sides. According to the plant layout, the density, the wind direction and the wind speed of the dangerous gas of the chemical plant, the flow proportion of the dangerous gas in sixteen directions is judgedr，r∈[1，16]Flow ratio of hazardous gas in sixteen directionsrThe method comprises the following steps: determining the flow ratio in the horizontal direction: selecting a certain airflow channel as a reference channel according to the plant layout of a chemical plant, further determining the resistance ratio of airflow channels in the rest seven horizontal directions relative to the reference channel, if no airflow channel exists in a certain direction, the resistance ratio of the airflow channels is infinite, taking the reciprocal of the resistance ratio in each direction as a weight, if a leakage area is windy, determining the flow proportion of a plurality of downward wind directions according to the weight distribution, wherein the flow proportion of the rest directions is 0, and if the leakage area is windless, determining the flow proportion of eight horizontal directions according to the weight distribution; determining the flow ratio in the vertical direction: if the dangerous gas is heavy gas, the flow proportion of the upper direction is 0, the flow proportions of the lower direction and the eight directions are equal to the flow proportion determined by the horizontal direction, and if the density of the dangerous gas is equivalent to that of air, the flow proportions of the upper direction and the lower direction are respectively equal to the flow proportion determined by the horizontal directionIf the hazardous gas density is less than the air density, the flow ratio in the lower direction is 0, and the flow ratios in the eight directions in the upper direction are equal to the flow ratio determined in the horizontal direction. Finally, the hazardous gas concentration Q of the associated variable of the protocol tabley＝uQ, whereinuThe azimuth of the plan target area of the plan table at the leakage source is shown, and Q is the concentration of the hazardous gas at the leakage source.
As shown in fig. 5, when the second air tank 101 is in a fire, the operation and the auxiliary handling of the accident in this embodiment are specifically as follows:
when the second gas storage tank 101 is in a fire situation, the second gas storage tank fire situation plan table 201 is triggered, the grade of the plan table is one, the pressure in the second gas storage tank 101 is not obviously reduced, the flame is small, the content of the plan is dispatched to a duty team, a fire extinguisher is used for manually extinguishing the fire, the initial fire situation is extinguished, if the progress is smooth, the temperature of the surface of the tank body is monitored to be reduced below a preset value, and the plan is relieved.
On the contrary, if the fire situation plan table 201 of the second gas storage tank is in the first grade, when the on-duty team goes to the fire-extinguishing road or extinguishes the fire, the descending trend that the pressure in the second gas storage tank 101 is gradually accelerated is monitored, so that the pressure loss exceeds the preset value, the plan table grade is upgraded to the second grade, at the moment, an accident handling attendant is prompted, the on-duty fire-extinguishing team is required to be recalled quickly, and the fire-extinguishing treatment is required by using a fire truck. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, through calculation of the correlation variable, it is found that the temperature of the area where the gas delivery pipe six 102 is located exceeds the set threshold, that is, the gas delivery pipe six 102 is located at the lower air inlet, so that the gas delivery pipe six 102 is subjected to high temperature. High temperature enables the six 102 sides of the gas conveying pipe to be polygonal and generate leakage, so that the six leakage plan table 202302 of the gas conveying pipe is triggered through correlation triggering, an accident handling attendant is prompted to operate and close an input valve of the six 102 gas conveying pipe, and meanwhile, a fire engine is informed to extinguish a fire or reduce the temperature of the six 102 gas conveying pipe when the situation allows. If the fire fighting truck successfully extinguishes the fire, the gas pipe six 102 is also cooled, and the plan is removed when the surface temperature of the tank body is monitored to be lower than the preset value.
In contrast, if the server 300 finds that the gas pressure in the second gas storage tank 101 is in a rapid descending trend in the fire extinguishing process of the fire fighting truck, the grade of the plan table is upgraded to three levels, the area near the plant area is required to stop production, and the plan table is reported to a higher-level department or a government department to prompt the operators on duty for accident handling, and the operators on duty should be notified to evacuate the plant area. The fire truck should observe the fire, and if the fire extinguishing effect cannot be obtained, the fire truck should move to a position which is a safe distance away from the second air storage tank 101. And requests the superordinate to dispatch the larger fire extinguishing facility for support.
As shown in fig. 6, when the present embodiment encounters a leakage of toxic but non-combustible heavy gas stored in the gas storage tank four 103, in a windless situation, the operation and assistance to an accident of the present embodiment are specifically:
the position of the fourth gas storage tank 103 is in the north area, the vertical span is from first to third, the top sealing cabin cover of the fourth gas storage tank 103 leaks, a fourth gas storage tank leakage plan table 203 is triggered, the grade of the plan table is first grade, an accident handling attendant is prompted, after an upstream valve is closed, a duty handling team is dispatched to handle, and the duty handling team takes a poison prevention measure. According to the method, the gas flow channel, namely the leakage channel, of the dangerous gas can be determined to be a plant channel penetrating through the southwest direction and the northeast direction, the gas flow direction is divided into two directions, namely the southwest direction and the northeast direction, and the gas flow is half of the leakage amount. The server 300 obtains that the concentration of the dangerous gas in the area of the third office exceeds the threshold value through the associated variable, and triggers the third leakage plan table 304 of the third office, and the personnel on duty in accident handling should inform the personnel in the third office of evacuation.
Meanwhile, the total leakage amount is deduced through the pressure in the gas storage tank IV 103, the leakage range is deduced according to the saturation concentration of the dangerous gas in the air, the gas leakage diffusion rate can be deduced within a short time, and therefore when the leakage occurs for 1-2 minutes, the area covered by the gas leakage after 10 minutes can be calculated. If the gas leakage coverage area does not cover the area of the third office after 10 minutes is calculated, when leakage occurs for 1-2 minutes, people in the third office can be informed of having evacuation time of at least eight minutes, and the situation that the people in the third office are confused to cause loss which should not occur is avoided.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (4)
1. An auxiliary method for handling accidents in chemical plants is based on an electronic emergency plan which comprises plan object information, triggering conditions, levels, upgrading conditions, grading plan content and removing conditions, wherein the plan object information comprises an object name, an object type and an object area, the triggering conditions are conditions which are required to be met by monitoring data when the plan is triggered, the upgrading conditions are conditions which are required to be met by the monitoring data when the plan is upgraded, the removing conditions are conditions which are required to be met by the monitoring data when the plan is removed, the auxiliary method also comprises associated variables and associated triggering conditions, the associated variables comprise the temperature of the area where the plan object is located, the type of hazardous gas and the concentration of the hazardous gas,
the method comprises the following steps:
A11) if the existing safety accidents comprise fire conditions, deriving and updating the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table, and if the existing safety accidents comprise dangerous gas leakage, deriving and updating the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table, wherein the dangerous gas type in the associated variable is a corresponding leakage type;
A12) displaying the triggered plans and a plurality of plans with the maximum change of the associated variables through a display device for assisting accident handling;
A13) reading the monitoring data, upgrading the plan if the upgrading condition of the plan is met, and removing the plan if the removing condition is met;
A14) repeating the steps A11-A13 until the plan is released or the plan is manually closed;
the method for deducing the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table comprises the following steps:
if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the fire area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is greater than a set threshold value, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged;
if the resistance of the air flow channel between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation area is less than or equal to the set threshold, judging whether the air flow channel area is windless, if the resistance is windless, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction model, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is in the air outlet, if the resistance is in the air outlet, the time t between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation area is less than or equal to Ds/vwIn the interior, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction model, wherein DsIs the shortest distance between the planned object area and the fire area, vwThe time t is more than D from the occurrence of the fire condition according to the wind speeds/vwThe temperature value of the related variable of the plan table is Cm，Cm＝βCt，β∈[0.6，1]
CtThe temperature value of the edge of the fire area is β is an adjustment coefficient, the smaller the distance between the plan object area and the fire area is, or the smaller the resistance of the airflow channel between the plan object area and the fire area is, β takes a larger value, if the plan object of the plan table is at the air inlet, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is obtained according to the air heat conduction model.
2. The auxiliary method for disposing the accident of chemical plant according to claim 1, wherein the electronic emergency plan further comprises a deduction time T and a postponement associated variable, when the safety accident exists, the server deduces the grade after the T time and the value of the associated variable by using the real-time monitoring data, the value of the associated variable after the T time is used as the value of the postponement associated variable,
in step a11, the following is also performed: if the existing safety accident comprises a fire, deducing a temperature value of an associated variable of each plan table after T time, and updating the temperature value of a delay associated variable, if the existing safety accident comprises dangerous gas leakage, deducing a dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table after T time, and updating the dangerous gas concentration of the delay associated variable, wherein the dangerous gas types in the associated variable and the delay associated variable are corresponding leakage types;
in step a12, the several plans with the most varying postponed associated variables are displayed.
3. A chemical plant accident management assistance method according to claim 1 or 2,
the method for deducing the concentration of the hazardous gas of the associated variable of each protocol table comprises the following steps:
if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the dangerous gas leakage area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is larger than a set threshold value, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged;
if the resistance of the plan object of the plan table and the airflow channel resistance of the dangerous gas leakage area is smaller than or equal to the set threshold value, the leakage source is used as the center to divide eight directions uniformly along the horizontal direction, the upper direction and the lower direction are divided along the vertical direction, and the flow proportion of the dangerous gas in sixteen directions is judged according to the plant layout of the chemical plant, the density of the dangerous gas, the wind direction and the wind speedr，r∈[1，16]Then the dangerous gas concentration Q of the associated variable of the plan tabley＝uQ, whereinuThe azimuth of the plan target area of the plan table at the leakage source is shown, and Q is the concentration of the hazardous gas at the leakage source.
4. A chemical plant accident management assistance method according to claim 3,
flow ratio of dangerous gas in sixteen directionsrThe method comprises the following steps:
determining the flow ratio in the horizontal direction: selecting a certain airflow channel as a reference channel according to the plant layout of a chemical plant, further determining the resistance ratio of airflow channels in the rest seven horizontal directions relative to the reference channel, if no airflow channel exists in a certain direction, the resistance ratio of the airflow channels is infinite, taking the reciprocal of the resistance ratio in each direction as a weight, if a leakage area is windy, determining the flow proportion of a plurality of downward wind directions according to the weight distribution, wherein the flow proportion of the rest directions is 0, and if the leakage area is windless, determining the flow proportion of eight horizontal directions according to the weight distribution;
determining the flow ratio in the vertical direction: if the hazardous gas is heavy gas, the flow rate ratio in the upper direction is 0, the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the lower direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is equal to air, the flow rate ratios in the upper direction and the lower direction are respectively equal to half of the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is less than the air density, the flow rate ratio in the lower direction is 0, and the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the upper direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction.
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