CN110426994B - Online safety supervisory systems of chemical plant - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of accident management and control, in particular to an online safety supervision system for a chemical plant, which comprises: the data acquisition unit is communicated with a DCS of the chemical plant, acquires and stores monitoring data of the chemical plant; the plan table subsystem is used for editing and storing the plan table; the plan triggering subsystem is used for analyzing the monitoring data of the chemical plant in real time, judging whether a plan is triggered or not, calling a corresponding plan table if the plan is triggered, and connecting the plan table subsystem with the data acquisition unit; the plan tracking subsystem periodically analyzes the monitoring data when a safety accident occurs, dynamically updates the triggered plan table and is connected with the data acquisition unit, the plan table subsystem and the plan triggering subsystem; and the display subsystem is used for displaying the triggered plan table and is connected with the plan triggering subsystem and the plan tracking subsystem. The substantial effects of the invention are as follows: and a forward-looking situation development condition is provided, so that the accident treatment is more targeted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of accident management and control, in particular to an online safety supervision system for a chemical plant.
Background
Among all the production safety accidents, the safety accidents of chemical plants have obvious characteristics. Fire and explosion accidents in chemical plants not only often cause casualties and major property losses, but also easily cause serious environmental problems, and influence residents and construction in nearby areas. Because of the high risk and wider influence of the chemical plant safety accidents, the safety accident management and control technology of the chemical plant has been concerned all the time. At present, chemical enterprises can set up specific accident plans aiming at various accidents such as fire disasters, leakage and the like, and require that staff are familiar with the contents of the plans through training, so that accident handling methods can be mastered to a certain extent. However, the current accident handling plan of the chemical plant is set by the chemical plant, and a unified reference and standard are lacked. When an operator encounters an emergency, the operator is easily in danger and is in disorder, and the operator is difficult to timely and correctly dispose according to the content of a plan. Bringing great risks to personnel and asset facility safety.
Although a chemical plant safety monitoring and early warning system based on artificial intelligence has appeared, such as chinese patent CN207992739U, an intelligent plant production monitoring system disclosed in 2018, 10 and 19 months, which includes an image monitoring unit, a sound monitoring unit and a data monitoring unit; the image monitoring unit comprises a plurality of cameras, the cameras are used for acquiring images in the intelligent plant, and the data output ends of the cameras are connected with an industrial personal computer positioned at a background through an image communication module; the sound monitoring unit comprises a plurality of sound acquisition devices, the sound acquisition devices are used for acquiring sounds in the intelligent plant, and the data output ends of the sound acquisition devices are connected with an industrial personal computer located at a background through a sound communication module; the data monitoring unit comprises a plurality of energy consumption monitors, the energy consumption monitors are used for acquiring operation data of the intelligent plant, and the data output ends of the energy consumption monitors are connected with an industrial personal computer located at a background through a data transmission module. The technical scheme adopts monitoring production line equipment information and necessary safety production information to realize management and control and remote monitoring. But the technical scheme has the following defects: the remote monitoring system only realizes the remote monitoring of the production field of the chemical plant, does not have the functions of data analysis and automatic alarm, and consumes longer time and more hardware resources for analyzing the collected production information of the chemical plant. In the accident handling process, the time is often lost in minutes, and the establishment of a complex and long-time model for data simulation is not suitable for managing and controlling the accidents of the chemical plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the technical problem of the lack of a safety supervision scheme for the safety accidents of the chemical plants, which can quickly and accurately respond, is solved. The chemical plant online safety supervision system with the rapid event analysis function is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a chemical plant online security supervision system comprising: the data acquisition unit is communicated with a DCS of the chemical plant, acquires and stores monitoring data of the chemical plant; the plan table subsystem is used for editing and storing the plan table; the plan triggering subsystem is used for analyzing the monitoring data of the chemical plant in real time, judging whether a plan is triggered or not, calling a corresponding plan table if the plan is triggered, and connecting the plan table subsystem with the data acquisition unit; the plan tracking subsystem periodically analyzes the monitoring data when a safety accident occurs, dynamically updates the triggered plan table and is connected with the data acquisition unit, the plan table subsystem and the plan triggering subsystem; and the display subsystem is used for displaying the triggered plan table and is connected with the plan triggering subsystem and the plan tracking subsystem. The plan table subsystem electronizes the plan, the plan table triggering subsystem can automatically call and display the corresponding emergency plan when a safety accident happens, the requirement on operators on duty for accident disposal is reduced, and the plan table tracking subsystem can track the accident development and continuously provide data reference for the accident disposal.
Preferably, the plan table subsystem comprises a plan table editing unit and a plan table storage unit, the plan table comprises plan object information, triggering conditions, levels, upgrading conditions, hierarchical plan contents and removing conditions, the plan object information comprises an object name, an object type and an object area, the triggering conditions are conditions which need to be met by monitoring data when the plan is triggered, the upgrading conditions are conditions which need to be met by the monitoring data when the plan is upgraded, the removing conditions are conditions which need to be met by the monitoring data when the plan is removed, and the levels represent accident levels and correspond to the hierarchical plan contents; and the plan triggering subsystem periodically reads the monitoring data and compares the monitoring data with the triggering conditions of the plan table, and if the monitoring data meets the triggering conditions, the corresponding plan table is triggered. The method converts the triggering of the plan into the monitoring data, standardizes the triggering of the plan, and has higher efficiency in the emergency treatment of accidents.
Preferably, the plan table further includes associated variables, and the associated variables include a temperature, a wind direction, a wind speed, a type of the hazardous gas, and a concentration of the hazardous gas in an area where the plan object is located. When a first accident happens to the chemical plant, the first accident can affect surrounding equipment, more accidents can be caused, and the change can be tracked through the association variable, so that a more comprehensive accident situation is provided.
Preferably, when there is a triggered protocol table, the protocol tracking subsystem performs the steps of: A11) if the existing safety accidents comprise fire conditions, deriving and updating the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table, and if the existing safety accidents comprise dangerous gas leakage, deriving and updating the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table, wherein the dangerous gas type in the associated variable is a corresponding leakage type; A12) displaying the triggered plans and a plurality of plans with the maximum change of the associated variables through a display subsystem; A13) reading the monitoring data, upgrading the plan if the upgrading condition of the plan is met, and removing the plan if the removing condition is met; A14) the steps a11 to a13 are repeatedly executed until the plan is released or the plan is manually closed. The optimal scheme solves the problem that the correlation influence caused by the safety accident is difficult to evaluate and track in the prior art. Preferably, the plan table further includes an associated triggering condition, the plan triggering subsystem periodically reads the value of the associated variable of the plan table, compares the value with the associated triggering condition, and triggers the corresponding plan table if the value of the associated variable satisfies the associated triggering condition. Through the correlated triggering, secondary accidents caused by the accidents can be triggered in time after the accidents happen, the accidents are dealt with in time, and the accident loss is reduced.
Preferably, when there is a triggered protocol table, the protocol tracking subsystem performs the steps of: A21) if the existing safety accidents comprise fire conditions, deriving and updating a temperature value of an associated variable of each plan table, deriving a temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table after T time as a temperature predicted value of the associated variable, if the existing safety accidents comprise dangerous gas leakage, deriving and updating a dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table, deriving and displaying a dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table after T time as a dangerous gas concentration predicted value of the associated variable, wherein the dangerous gas type in the associated variable is a corresponding leakage type; A22) displaying the triggered plans and a plurality of plans with the maximum change of the associated variables through a display subsystem; A23) reading the monitoring data, upgrading the plan if the upgrading condition of the plan is met, and removing the plan if the removing condition is met; A24) the steps a21 to a23 are repeatedly executed until the plan is released or the plan is manually closed. After a safety accident occurs and before treatment measures are in place, a window period T is available, and the accident can continuously develop and change in the window period T. Generally, 5-10 minutes are needed for personnel in a field to master accident conditions from production and start to put into accident treatment or evacuation. The time for entering large accident management equipment such as an accident management group and a fire engine is about 20 minutes. The extent and intensity of the accident after 20 minutes is thus predicted from the beginning, enabling a more targeted treatment of the accident. If the deduced accident exceeds the handling capacity of the factory area, the handling of the accident is avoided from the beginning, and the personnel are evacuated from the whole power organization, so that the casualties are avoided.
Preferably, when there is a protocol upgrade, T is extended. The optimal scheme solves the problem that the existing accident disposal technology is lack of foresight. The deduction time T is prolonged, and the accident situation of a longer time in the future can be provided, so that the accident treatment has pertinence and initiative.
Preferably, the predetermined plan table further includes an associated triggering condition, the predetermined plan triggering subsystem periodically reads the value of the associated variable of the predetermined plan table, compares the value with the associated triggering condition, and triggers the corresponding predetermined plan table if the value of the associated variable meets the associated triggering condition; and the plan triggering subsystem periodically reads the temperature predicted value, the dangerous gas concentration predicted value and the dangerous gas type of the associated variables of the plan table, which are obtained by the plan tracking subsystem, triggers the corresponding plan table if the temperature predicted value, the dangerous gas concentration predicted value and the dangerous gas type meet the associated triggering conditions, and marks the triggering path as the prediction triggering.
Preferably, the method for deriving the temperature value of the associated variable of each protocol table is as follows: if the plan is listedThe temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged if the plan object is isolated from the airflow channel of the fire area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is greater than a set threshold value; if the resistance of the air flow channel between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation area is less than or equal to the set threshold, judging whether the air flow channel area is windless, if the air flow channel area is windless, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction rule, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is in the air outlet, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the time t between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation is less than or equal to Ds/vwIn the interior, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction model, wherein DsIs the shortest distance between the planned object area and the fire area, vwThe time t is more than D from the occurrence of the fire condition according to the wind speeds/vwThe temperature value of the related variable of the plan table is Cm，
Cm＝βCt，β∈[0.6，1]
CtThe temperature value of the edge of the fire area is β is an adjustment coefficient, the smaller the distance between the plan object area and the fire area is, or the smaller the resistance of the airflow channel between the plan object area and the fire area is, β takes a larger value, and if the plan object of the plan table is at the air inlet, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is obtained according to the air heat conduction rule.
Preferably, the method for deriving the concentration of the hazardous gas for the associated variable of each protocol table is: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the dangerous gas leakage area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is larger than a set threshold value, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged; if the resistance of the plan object of the plan table and the airflow channel resistance of the dangerous gas leakage area is smaller than or equal to the set threshold value, the leakage source is used as the center to divide eight directions uniformly along the horizontal direction, the upper direction and the lower direction are divided along the vertical direction, and the flow proportion of the dangerous gas in sixteen directions is judged according to the plant layout of the chemical plant, the density of the dangerous gas, the wind direction and the wind speedr，r∈[1，16]Then the dangerous gas concentration Q of the associated variable of the plan tabley＝uQ, whereinuTo representThe plan target area of the plan table is in the direction of the leakage source, and Q is the concentration of the hazardous gas at the leakage source.
Preferably, the flow rate ratio of the hazardous gas in sixteen directionsrThe method comprises the following steps: determining the flow ratio in the horizontal direction: selecting a certain airflow channel as a reference channel according to the plant layout of a chemical plant, further determining the resistance ratio of airflow channels in the rest seven horizontal directions relative to the reference channel, if no airflow channel exists in a certain direction, the resistance ratio of the airflow channels is infinite, taking the reciprocal of the resistance ratio in each direction as a weight, if a leakage area is windy, determining the flow proportion of a plurality of downward wind directions according to the weight distribution, wherein the flow proportion of the rest directions is 0, and if the leakage area is windless, determining the flow proportion of eight horizontal directions according to the weight distribution; determining the flow ratio in the vertical direction: if the hazardous gas is heavy gas, the flow rate ratio in the upper direction is 0, the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the lower direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is equal to air, the flow rate ratios in the upper direction and the lower direction are respectively equal to half of the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is less than the air density, the flow rate ratio in the lower direction is 0, and the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the upper direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction.
The substantial effects of the invention are as follows: the establishment and management of the plan are electronized through the plan table subsystem, so that the management efficiency of the plan is improved, and the effect of reducing the accident loss of the plan is more easily exerted; by automatically displaying the triggered plan, the accident handling attendant can clearly master the accident situation and avoid confusion; the development condition of the associated variables is automatically deduced, and a prospective situation development condition is provided, so that an accident handling attendant can master the short-term development condition of the accident, and the handling scheme is made to be more targeted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a flow of a method for operating a protocol tracking subsystem according to an embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for obtaining a temperature value of an associated variable according to an embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a method for obtaining a concentration of a hazardous gas as an associated variable according to an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fire incident according to an embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a dangerous gas leakage accident according to an embodiment.
Wherein: 100. the system comprises a chemical plant DCS, 101, first air storage tanks, 102, fifth exhaust pipes, 103, fourth air storage tanks, 200, a data acquisition unit, 300, a plan table subsystem, 301, a first air storage tank fire condition plan table, 302, a fifth exhaust pipe leakage plan table, 303, a fourth air storage tank leakage plan table, 304, a third office leakage plan table, 401, a plan triggering subsystem, 402, a plan tracking subsystem, 500 and a display unit.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a chemical plant online security supervision system comprising: the data acquisition unit 200 is communicated with the DCS of the chemical plant, reads and stores all monitoring data of the chemical plant from the DCS-100 of the chemical plant on the premise of not influencing the process control work of the DCS-100 of the chemical plant, wherein the monitoring data is optimally real-time data and is secondarily data with small delay; the plan table subsystem 300 is used for editing and storing a plan table, the plan is electronized manually according to the accident handling rule of a chemical plant through interactive equipment and is manually input into the plan table subsystem 300, and the plan table subsystem 300 allows a user to read and modify the plan table and allows the user to self-define parameters or the plan as required; the plan triggering subsystem 401 is configured to analyze the chemical plant monitoring data in real time, determine whether a plan is triggered, call out a corresponding plan table if the plan is triggered, and connect the data obtaining unit 200 and the plan table subsystem 300; a plan tracking subsystem 402, which periodically analyzes the monitoring data and dynamically updates the triggered plan table when a safety accident occurs, and is connected with the data acquisition unit 200, the plan table subsystem 300 and the plan triggering subsystem 401; the display subsystem is used for displaying the triggered plan table, and is connected with the plan triggering subsystem 401 and the plan tracking subsystem 402, the display unit 500 comprises a handling display unit 500, an alarm display unit 500 and an execution display unit 500, the handling display unit 500 is used for displaying the triggered plan table to the accident handling attendant, the alarm display is used for giving an alarm to the upper management department or the government department, and the execution display unit 500 displays the contents of the plan to be executed to the staff in the accident site.
As shown in table 1, the gas tank-fire scenario plan table records the plan contents of a gas tank storing combustible gas in case of fire, which is named as gas tank-101, is a vertical gas tank, and is located in a region from west, first high-span, first floor to third floor. The content of the first-level fire situation plan is that a fire extinguishing group on duty carries a fire extinguisher, extinguishes an initial and stable fire and closes an air source valve; the first-level triggering condition is that the smoke sensor at the corresponding position triggers an alarm or the temperature C measured on the surface of the tank is more than 160 ℃ and the pressure in the tank has abnormal loss. Since the schedule is directed to fire, the hazardous gas species: none, the hazardous gas category in this embodiment mainly refers to toxic gas, and toxic combustible gas is treated as toxic gas before combustion and treated as fire after combustion. When the temperature in the associated triggering condition reaches 1200 ℃, namely the first gas storage tank 101 is intact, but because the temperature of the first gas storage tank 101 reaches 1200 ℃ due to the fire in the nearby gas tank body, the material of the first gas storage tank 101 is deformed at high temperature, the tank body is cracked, gas leaks, and the first gas storage tank 101 is caused to generate the fire, so that the fire plan table of the first gas storage tank 101 is triggered.
TABLE 1 gas holder-fire situation plan table
As shown in FIG. 2, when there is at least one protocol table triggered, the protocol tracking subsystem 402 tracks the development of the incident by the following method. The method specifically comprises the following steps: A11) if the existing safety accidents comprise fire conditions, deriving and updating the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table, and if the existing safety accidents comprise dangerous gas leakage, deriving and updating the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table, wherein the dangerous gas type in the associated variable is a corresponding leakage type; A12) displaying the triggered plans and a plurality of plans with the maximum change of the associated variables through a display subsystem; A13) reading the monitoring data, upgrading the plan if the upgrading condition of the plan is met, and removing the plan if the removing condition is met; A14) the steps a11 to a13 are repeatedly executed until the plan is released or the plan is manually closed.
There are various ways to derive the temperature values of the associated variables, and a finite element simulation model, a heat conduction model and a heat convection model in the prior art can be used for the derivation of the temperature values in the present embodiment. The present embodiment provides a way to derive the associated variable temperature value. The method has the advantages of high speed and inevitable convergence of derivation results, and is suitable for the situation that reference results need to be given quickly under the condition of accident handling. As shown in fig. 3, the temperature derivation method specifically includes: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the fire area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is larger than the set threshold value, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged. The resistance of the air flow channels is obtained by air flow testing or hydrodynamic analysis, since only relative resistance results between the channels need to be obtained. The present embodiment adopts the average cross-sectional area of the passage and the number of times of turning of the passage as the basis for determining the resistance of the airflow passage. And if the accumulated turning angle of the airflow channel exceeds 540 degrees, judging that the resistance of the airflow channel is greater than a set threshold value. The cross-sectional area of the air flow channel is S, the closest point of fire is taken as the center of sphere, and the spherical surface area with the distance from the closest point of fire to the inlet of the air flow channel as the radius is SVIf S/SVIf the resistance is less than 0.1, the resistance of the airflow channel is judged to be larger than a set threshold value.
If the resistance of the air flow channel between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation area is less than or equal to the set threshold value. Judging whether the air flow channel area is windless or not, if the air flow channel area is windless, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction model, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is at the lower air inlet or not, and if the plan object is at the lower air inlet, judging that the time t from the fire occurrence is less than or equal to Ds/vwIn the interior, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction model, wherein DsIs the shortest distance between the planned object area and the fire area, vwThe time t is more than D from the occurrence of the fire condition according to the wind speeds/vwTemperature value of related variable of internal time plan table
Cm＝βCt，β∈[0.6，1]
CtThe temperature value of the edge of the fire area is β is an adjustment coefficient, the smaller the distance between the plan object area and the fire area is, or the smaller the resistance of the airflow channel between the plan object area and the fire area is, the larger the value β is, if the plan object of the plan table is at the air inlet, the temperature value of the related variable of the plan table is obtained according to the air heat conduction model.
The method of deriving the hazardous gas concentration of the associated variable can use the prior art fluid mechanics analysis and fluid finite element analysis, but the fluid mechanics analysis and finite element analysis are time consuming and the results do not necessarily converge. Therefore, the following method is used in this embodiment, and as shown in fig. 4, the method specifically includes: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the dangerous gas leakage area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is larger than a set threshold value, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged; if the resistance of the air flow channel between the plan object of the plan table and the dangerous gas leakage area is less than or equal to the set threshold, the leakage source is used as the center to divide eight directions uniformly along the horizontal direction, the upper and the lower directions are divided along the vertical direction, and the total directions are sixteen directions, specifically: the upper west, the upper northwest, the upper north, the upper northeast, the upper east, the upper southeast, the upper south, the upper southwest, the upper west, the upper northwest, the upper north, the upper northeast, the upper east, the upper southeast, the upper south and the upper southwest are positioned below the leakage source, an included angle between a connecting line and the horizontal is larger than 5 degrees, the lower side is taken as the lower side, and the rest are taken as the upper sides. According to the plant layout, the density, the wind direction and the wind speed of the dangerous gas of the chemical plant, the flow proportion of the dangerous gas in sixteen directions is judgedr，r∈[1，16]Flow ratio of hazardous gas in sixteen directionsrThe method comprises the following steps: determining the flow ratio in the horizontal direction: selecting a certain plant according to the layout of the chemical plantThe airflow channels are used as reference channels, the resistance ratios of airflow channel resistances in the other seven horizontal directions relative to the reference channels are further determined, if no airflow channel exists in a certain direction, the resistance ratio of the airflow channels is infinite, the reciprocal of the resistance ratio in each direction is used as a weight, if a leakage area is windy, a plurality of downward wind directions determine the flow proportion according to the weight distribution, the flow proportion in the other directions is 0, and if the leakage area is windless, the eight horizontal directions determine the flow proportion according to the weight distribution; determining the flow ratio in the vertical direction: if the hazardous gas is heavy gas, the flow rate ratio in the upper direction is 0, the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the lower direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is equal to air, the flow rate ratios in the upper direction and the lower direction are respectively equal to half of the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is less than the air density, the flow rate ratio in the lower direction is 0, and the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the upper direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction. Finally, the hazardous gas concentration Q of the associated variable of the protocol tabley＝uQ, whereinuThe azimuth of the plan target area of the plan table at the leakage source is shown, and Q is the concentration of the hazardous gas at the leakage source.
As shown in fig. 5, when the first air tank 101 is in a fire, the operation and guidance of the embodiment specifically include:
when a fire happens to the first gas storage tank 101, the first gas storage tank fire situation plan table 301 is triggered, the grade of the plan table is one, the pressure in the first gas storage tank 101 is not obviously reduced, the flame is small, the content of the plan is dispatched to a duty team, a fire extinguisher is used for manually extinguishing the fire, the initial fire is extinguished, if the progress is smooth, the temperature of the surface of the tank body is monitored to be reduced below a preset value, and the plan is relieved.
On the contrary, if the fire situation plan table 301 of the gas storage tank is rated as one, and the on-duty team goes to the road for fire extinguishing or is extinguishing, the plan tracking subsystem 402 monitors the descending trend that the pressure in the gas storage tank 101 is gradually accelerated, so that the pressure loss exceeds the preset value, the plan upgrading condition is met, the plan table is upgraded to the second grade, and at the moment, the accident handling and on-duty personnel is prompted, the on-duty fire extinguishing team should be called back quickly, and the fire fighting vehicle needs to be used for fire extinguishing. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, through calculation of the associated variables, it is found that the temperature of the area where the exhaust pipe five 102 is located exceeds the set threshold, that is, the exhaust pipe five 102 is located in the first air storage tank first 101 fire area, so that the exhaust pipe five 102 is subjected to high temperature. High temperature causes the exhaust pipe pentagon 102 to generate leakage, so that the exhaust pipe pentagon leakage plan table 302 is triggered through correlation triggering, an accident handling attendant is prompted to operate and close an input valve of the exhaust pipe pentagon 102, and meanwhile, a fire truck is informed to extinguish a fire or cool the exhaust pipe pentagon 102 when the situation allows. If the fire fighting truck successfully puts out a fire, the exhaust pipe five 102 is also subjected to cooling treatment, and when the surface temperature of the tank body is monitored to be lower than a preset value, the plan is removed.
In contrast, if the plan tracking subsystem 402 finds that the gas pressure in the first gas storage tank 101 is in a rapid descending trend in the fire extinguishing process of the fire fighting truck, the plan table is upgraded to three levels, the area near the plant area is required to stop production, and the plan table is reported to a higher-level department or a government department to prompt the operators on duty for accident handling, and the operators on duty in the plant area should be notified to evacuate. The fire truck should observe the fire, and if the fire extinguishing effect cannot be obtained, the fire truck should move to a position which is a safe distance away from the gas storage tank by a distance of 101. And requests the superordinate to dispatch the larger fire extinguishing facility for support.
As shown in fig. 6, when the present embodiment encounters a leakage of toxic, non-combustible heavy gas stored in the gas storage tank four 103, in a windless situation, the operation and the guidance of the accident of the present embodiment are specifically:
the fourth gas storage tank 103 is located in the north area, the vertical span is from first to third, the top sealing cabin cover of the fourth gas storage tank 103 leaks, a fourth gas storage tank leakage plan table 303 is triggered, the grade of the plan table is first grade, an accident handling attendant is prompted, after an upstream valve is closed, a duty handling team is dispatched to handle, and the duty handling team takes a poison prevention measure. According to the method, the gas flow channel, namely the leakage channel, of the dangerous gas can be determined to be a plant channel penetrating through the southwest direction and the northeast direction, the gas flow direction is divided into two directions, namely the southwest direction and the northeast direction, and the gas flow is half of the leakage amount. The plan tracking subsystem 402 obtains that the concentration of the dangerous gas in the area of the third office exceeds the threshold value through the associated variables, the third office leakage plan table 304 is triggered, and personnel on duty in accident handling should inform the third office of evacuation.
When the pressure in the gas storage tank IV 103 is rapidly reduced, the grade of the plan table is upgraded to the second grade, which indicates that the leakage port of the tank body is large and the repair difficulty is large, and the tank body is repaired after personnel evacuation and gas absorption neutralization harmless treatment. At the moment, the accident handling attendant is prompted to evacuate nearby personnel, evacuate the handling team, and the handling team is dispatched again to reach the proper position of the leakage channel to carry out the throwing work of the adsorption solvent or the foam. And the accident handling attendant informs the personnel in the third office of immediately evacuating the office, and takes the anti-virus measures which can be taken during evacuation. And the accident handling attendant or the system automatically reports to the superior supervisor part or the government part to request handling support.
Example two:
the embodiment further improves the first embodiment. The accident treatment system has the advantages that a prospective prediction data function can be provided for accident treatment operators, the accident treatment operators can better arrange the accident treatment, and casualties in the accident can be effectively reduced.
In this embodiment, the plan table further includes a deduction time T and a postponement associated variable, when there is a security accident, the plan tracking subsystem 402 deducts the grade of the plan table and the value of the associated variable after the time T by using real-time monitoring data, and the value of the associated variable after the time T is used as the value of the postponement associated variable. As shown in table 1, in the present embodiment, the deduced time T of the fire scenario plan table of the first air tank 101 is 10 minutes. That is, after the first air tank 101 is in a fire situation, the plan tracking subsystem 402 will derive the values of the associated variables of the remaining plan tables after ten minutes, so as to provide prospective reference data for accident handling.
When the leakage occurs in the fourth gas storage tank 103 in the scheme of the embodiment, the total leakage amount is deduced through the tank pressure of the fourth gas storage tank 103, the leakage range is deduced according to the saturation concentration of the dangerous gas in the air, and the diffusion rate of the gas leakage can be deduced within a short time, so that the area covered by the gas leakage after 10 minutes can be calculated when the leakage occurs for 1-2 minutes. If the gas leakage coverage area does not cover the area of the third office after 10 minutes is calculated, when leakage occurs for 1-2 minutes, people in the third office can be informed of having evacuation time of at least eight minutes, and the situation that the people in the third office are confused to cause loss which should not occur is avoided. The rest of the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (7)
1. An online safety supervision system for chemical plants, which is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition unit is communicated with a DCS of the chemical plant, acquires and stores monitoring data of the chemical plant;
the plan table subsystem is used for editing and storing the plan table;
the plan triggering subsystem is used for analyzing the monitoring data of the chemical plant in real time, judging whether a plan is triggered or not, calling a corresponding plan table if the plan is triggered, and connecting the plan table subsystem with the data acquisition unit;
the plan tracking subsystem periodically analyzes the monitoring data when a safety accident occurs, dynamically updates the triggered plan table and is connected with the data acquisition unit, the plan table subsystem and the plan triggering subsystem;
the display subsystem is used for displaying the triggered plan table and is connected with the plan triggering subsystem and the plan tracking subsystem;
the pre-arranged plan table subsystem comprises a pre-arranged plan table editing unit and a pre-arranged plan table storage unit, wherein the pre-arranged plan table comprises pre-arranged plan object information, triggering conditions, levels, upgrading conditions, graded pre-arranged plan contents and removing conditions, the pre-arranged plan object information comprises object names, object types and object areas, the triggering conditions are conditions which need to be met by monitoring data when a pre-arranged plan is triggered, the upgrading conditions are conditions which need to be met by the monitoring data when the pre-arranged plan is upgraded, the removing conditions are conditions which need to be met by the monitoring data when the pre-arranged plan is removed, and the levels represent accident levels and correspond to the graded pre-arranged plan contents; the predetermined plan triggering subsystem periodically reads the monitoring data and compares the monitoring data with the triggering conditions of the predetermined plan table, and if the monitoring data meets the triggering conditions, the corresponding predetermined plan table is triggered;
the plan table further comprises associated variables, wherein the associated variables comprise the temperature, the wind direction, the wind speed, the type of the dangerous gas and the concentration of the dangerous gas of the area where the plan object is located;
when there is a triggered protocol table, the protocol tracking subsystem performs the following steps:
A11) if the existing safety accidents comprise fire conditions, deriving and updating the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table, and if the existing safety accidents comprise dangerous gas leakage, deriving and updating the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table, wherein the dangerous gas type in the associated variable is a corresponding leakage type;
A12) displaying the triggered plans and a plurality of plans with the maximum change of the associated variables through a display subsystem;
A13) reading the monitoring data, upgrading the plan if the upgrading condition of the plan is met, and removing the plan if the removing condition is met;
A14) the steps a11 to a13 are repeatedly executed until the plan is released or the plan is manually closed.
2. The chemical plant online safety supervision system according to claim 1,
the pre-arranged plan table also comprises an associated triggering condition, the pre-arranged plan triggering subsystem periodically reads the value of the associated variable of the pre-arranged plan table, compares the value with the associated triggering condition, and triggers the corresponding pre-arranged plan table if the value of the associated variable meets the associated triggering condition.
3. The chemical plant online safety supervision system according to claim 1,
when there is a triggered protocol table, the protocol tracking subsystem performs the following steps:
A21) and deducing the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table after T time to be used as the temperature predicted value of the associated variable, and deducing and displaying the hazardous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table after T time to be used as the hazardous gas concentration predicted value of the associated variable.
4. The chemical plant online safety supervision system according to claim 3,
when there is a plan upgrade, T is extended.
5. A chemical plant on-line safety supervision system according to claim 3 or 4,
the pre-arranged plan table also comprises an associated triggering condition, the pre-arranged plan triggering subsystem periodically reads the value of the associated variable of the pre-arranged plan table, compares the value with the associated triggering condition, and triggers the corresponding pre-arranged plan table if the value of the associated variable meets the associated triggering condition;
and the plan triggering subsystem periodically reads the temperature predicted value, the dangerous gas concentration predicted value and the dangerous gas type of the associated variables of the plan table, which are obtained by the plan tracking subsystem, triggers the corresponding plan table if the temperature predicted value, the dangerous gas concentration predicted value and the dangerous gas type meet the associated triggering conditions, and marks the triggering path as the prediction triggering.
6. A chemical plant on-line safety supervision system according to claim 1 or 3,
the method for deducing the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table comprises the following steps:
if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the fire area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is greater than a set threshold value, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged;
if the plan of the plan tableJudging whether the resistance of the airflow channel between the object and the fire area is less than or equal to a set threshold value, if so, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction rule, if so, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is at the air outlet, if so, judging that the time t is less than or equal to D from the occurrence time of the fires/vwIn the interior, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction model, wherein DsIs the shortest distance between the planned object area and the fire area, vwThe time t is more than D from the occurrence of the fire condition according to the wind speeds/vwThe temperature value of the related variable of the plan table is Cm，Cm＝βCt，β∈[0.6，1]CtThe temperature value of the edge of the fire area is β is an adjustment coefficient, the smaller the distance between the plan object area and the fire area is, or the smaller the resistance of the airflow channel between the plan object area and the fire area is, β takes a larger value, and if the plan object of the plan table is at the air inlet, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is obtained according to the air heat conduction rule.
7. A chemical plant on-line safety supervision system according to claim 1 or 3,
the method for deducing the concentration of the hazardous gas of the associated variable of each protocol table comprises the following steps:
if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the dangerous gas leakage area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is larger than a set threshold value, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged;
if the resistance of the plan object of the plan table and the airflow channel resistance of the dangerous gas leakage area is smaller than or equal to the set threshold value, the leakage source is used as the center to divide eight directions uniformly along the horizontal direction, the upper direction and the lower direction are divided along the vertical direction, and the flow proportion of the dangerous gas in sixteen directions is judged according to the plant layout of the chemical plant, the density of the dangerous gas, the wind direction and the wind speedr，r∈[1，16]Then the dangerous gas concentration Q of the associated variable of the plan tabley＝uQ, whereinuShowing the advance of a plan tableThe direction of the case object area at the leakage source, and Q is the concentration of the dangerous gas at the leakage source;
flow ratio of dangerous gas in sixteen directionsrThe method comprises the following steps:
determining the flow ratio in the horizontal direction: selecting a certain airflow channel as a reference channel according to the plant layout of a chemical plant, further determining the resistance ratio of airflow channels in the rest seven horizontal directions relative to the reference channel, if no airflow channel exists in a certain direction, the resistance ratio of the airflow channels is infinite, taking the reciprocal of the resistance ratio in each direction as a weight, if a leakage area is windy, determining the flow proportion of a plurality of downward wind directions according to the weight distribution, wherein the flow proportion of the rest directions is 0, and if the leakage area is windless, determining the flow proportion of eight horizontal directions according to the weight distribution;
determining the flow ratio in the vertical direction: if the hazardous gas is heavy gas, the flow rate ratio in the upper direction is 0, the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the lower direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is equal to air, the flow rate ratios in the upper direction and the lower direction are respectively equal to half of the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is less than the air density, the flow rate ratio in the lower direction is 0, and the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the upper direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction.
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