CN110439586B - Non-blasting type mine roadway water cutting tunneling method - Google Patents
Non-blasting type mine roadway water cutting tunneling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110439586B CN110439586B CN201910780805.5A CN201910780805A CN110439586B CN 110439586 B CN110439586 B CN 110439586B CN 201910780805 A CN201910780805 A CN 201910780805A CN 110439586 B CN110439586 B CN 110439586B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1066—Making by using boring or cutting machines with fluid jets
Abstract
The invention discloses a non-blasting type mine roadway water cutting tunneling method which comprises the steps of roadway profile setting, cutting along a laser profile line, obliquely cutting a roadway tunneling face, cutting and breaking rock of the roadway tunneling face, then performing cross cutting, obliquely cutting and crushing rock of a panel during roadway tunneling, and finally cleaning the crushed rock. The vibration of rocks around the roadway caused by the direct action of machinery on the tunneling surface of the roadway is avoided, and the safety is high; the cutting machine for cutting rocks by jetting high-pressure water flow is suitable for cutting different rock layers, and the adaptability is strong; the cutter head does not need to be replaced, the maintenance is convenient, the time and the labor are saved, and the production cost is saved; the roadway driving rock mass is subjected to cross cutting, the size of the cut rock mass is large, the driving space is large, and the working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine production construction, and mainly relates to a non-blasting type mine roadway water cutting tunneling method.
Background
In mine roadway construction, mechanical excavation or blasting is usually adopted for excavating the roadway, but the methods can cause vibration of rocks around the roadway and generate adverse effect on the excavation of the roadway, a chemical crushing agent static rock breaking method has certain limitation on the application range of a static crushing agent, compared with an explosive, the energy is not as large as that of the explosive, a plurality of holes are drilled, and the crushing effect is greatly influenced by the temperature and experience of constructors; the hydraulic splitter static rock breaking method has the advantages that the splitting area is small, the requirement on the hardness of rock is high, the harder the rock is, the weaker the tensile resistance is, the better the splitting effect is, and the tunneling efficiency is reduced due to the uneven hardness of the rock; the application range of the tunnel milling and excavating method is relatively small, the excavating efficiency is low or the excavation cannot be carried out on the tunnel with higher surrounding rock strength, the cost of rock tunnel excavation is relatively high, and certain dust can be generated during the excavation.
At present, a water drilling machine is adopted to drill holes and break rock to form a roadway surface, and in the mode, as the rock is harder, bricks are seriously worn and cannot be drilled, so that a large number of drill bits need to be replaced, the excavation cost of the roadway is increased, and a rock core drilled by the drill bits needs to be taken out of the drill bits, so that time and labor are wasted, the manpower and material resources are greatly invested, and the excavation time efficiency is seriously influenced; and the gas gathering influence can produce the detonation in the mine when the colliery is in the pit operation, especially the drill bit of water rig is rotatory in the coal petrography of high number, if water untimely or the condition of not arriving in place can take place the drill bit and produce the spark with the friction of hard coal petrography, if gather a large amount of gas can explode in the twinkling of an eye, danger is high.
Therefore, a simple, stable and labor-saving roadway excavation mode without explosive destructive force and coal rock friction spark is urgently needed to improve the roadway excavation working efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a non-blasting type mine roadway water cutting tunneling method aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, wherein a laser contour line is projected on the edge of a mine roadway tunneling face, high-pressure water flow sprayed by a water cutting machine is used for slowly cutting along the laser contour line, then the high-pressure water flow is obliquely cut on the mine roadway tunneling face and is obliquely cut in a crossed and oblique mode, so that cut rocks are broken and slide along a cutting face, and the working efficiency of roadway excavation is improved by a simple, stable and labor-saving cutting mode without blasting destructive force.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the non-blasting type mine roadway water cutting tunneling method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, setting a roadway profile: erecting a laser projection device 11 on the central line of the mine roadway, and projecting an arched laser contour line of the roadway on the driving surface of the mine roadway;
secondly, erecting a water jet cutting mechanical arm: a multi-shaft mechanical arm 15 is arranged on the middle line of the mine roadway and behind the laser projection device 11, a clamp of the multi-shaft mechanical arm 15 clamps a water jet cutter head 150, and the water jet cutter head 150 is connected with a high-pressure water supply device 151 through a pipeline;
thirdly, selecting a high-pressure water flow incidence point of the tunneling surface: the water jet cutting head 150 clamped by the manual remote control multi-axis mechanical arm 15 selects a certain line point projected on a laser contour line of a roadway driving face as an incident point of jetting high-pressure water flow;
fourthly, cutting along the laser contour line: the water jet cutting machine head 150 clamped by the manual remote control multi-shaft mechanical arm moves slowly along the laser contour line, and sprays high-pressure water flow to cut along the laser contour line from an incidence point, so that the high-pressure water flow sprayed by the water jet cutting machine head can penetrate deeper into a rock body through a roadway driving surface, and the cutting depth is 1.5-2 m;
fifthly, obliquely cutting the tunneling surface: after contour cutting is finished, a water jet cutting head 150 clamped by the manual remote control multi-shaft mechanical arm 15 inclines to a roadway driving face to jet high-pressure water flow for oblique cutting, the incidence angle of the jet water flow and the roadway driving face inclines to form a included angle of 25-45 degrees, and the water jet cutting head 150 obliquely cuts layer by layer along the longitudinal direction of the roadway driving face to obtain an oblique roadway driving face oblique cutting surface;
sixthly, breaking the intersected rocks of the oblique cutting surface of the driving surface of the oblique roadway: the cutting line obliquely cut by the water jet cutter head 150 is intersected with the roadway contour cutting line, the rock at the intersection is broken, and the broken rock is overlapped and pressed together in a strip plate shape as the water jet cutter head 150 cuts obliquely layer by layer along the roadway driving face;
seventhly, performing oblique cutting and crushing on the rocks which are laminated together in the shape of laths: the water jet cutting head 150 transversely bevels the stacked and lath-shaped rocks to form cross cutting with the inclined cutting surface of the tunneling surface, and the lath-shaped rocks are cut off and then crushed and slide along the inclined cutting surface of the tunneling surface;
and eighth, cleaning broken rocks.
When the roadway driving face is obliquely cut, two cutting modes are adopted, wherein one mode is the layer-by-layer oblique cutting from bottom to top along the roadway driving face, and the other mode is the layer-by-layer oblique cutting from top to bottom along the roadway driving face.
The inclined cutting modes of the rock which is laminated together in the shape of the strip plate are two, one mode is transverse inclined cutting from bottom to top, and the other mode is transverse inclined cutting from top to bottom.
The roadway driving face is longitudinally and layer-by-layer oblique cutting and contour line cutting in a crossed cutting mode, a plurality of layers of roadway driving face oblique cutting surfaces are formed on the driving face rock body after cutting, and therefore rocks which are laminated together in a strip plate shape are formed between the two obliquely symmetrical and parallel roadway driving face oblique cutting surfaces.
Roadway contour line cutting, roadway driving face slant cutting and roadway driving are formed into the oblique cutting of the rock which is overlapped and pressed together in the shape of a lath, the oblique cutting is performed slowly in order to extend the depth of cutting, and the water jet nozzles with different diameters are replaced according to the thickness requirement of the cut rock.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the vibration of rocks around the roadway caused by the direct action of machinery on the driving surface of the roadway is avoided, and the condition that the gas is detonated by sparks generated by the friction between the excavating equipment and the ore is avoided, so that the safety is high;
2. the cutting machine for cutting rocks by jetting high-pressure water flow is suitable for cutting different rock layers, and the adaptability is strong;
3. the cutter head does not need to be replaced, the maintenance is convenient, the time and the labor are saved, and the production cost is saved;
4. the roadway driving rock mass is subjected to cross cutting, the size of the cut rock mass is large, the driving space is large, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a roadway profile projection setup according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the oblique cutting of the roadway heading face according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the roadway face being cut again diagonally and tangent to the rock laminated in a lath shape in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fracture of the intersected rocks of the cutting surface of the tunneling body.
The device comprises a contour line cutting surface 1, a roadway driving surface oblique cutting surface 2, a contour line cutting surface and roadway driving surface oblique cutting surface cross cutting point 3, a roadway driving surface slat-shaped rock oblique cutting surface 4, a roadway driving surface oblique cutting surface and slat-shaped rock cross cutting point 5, a roadway driving surface 6, a roadway driving surface oblique cutting high-pressure water flow incidence angle 7, a roadway driving surface slat-shaped rock oblique cutting high-pressure water flow incidence angle 8, an arch-shaped laser contour line 10, a laser projection device 11, a contour cutting line 12, a roadway driving surface oblique cutting line 13, slat-shaped rock 14, a mechanical arm multi-shaft 15, a water knife cutting head 150, a high-pressure water supply device 151, a roadway driving rock body 61 and slat rock fragments 62.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, it being understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The non-blasting type mine roadway water cutting tunneling method comprises the following steps:
firstly, setting a roadway profile: as shown in fig. 1, a laser projection device 11 is erected on the central line of a mine roadway, and an arch-shaped laser contour line of the roadway is projected on a mine roadway driving face;
secondly, erecting a water jet cutting mechanical arm: as shown in fig. 1, a multi-axis mechanical arm 15 is arranged on the middle line of a mine roadway and is arranged behind a laser projection device 11, a clamp of the multi-axis mechanical arm 15 clamps a water jet cutter head 150, and the water jet cutter head 150 is connected with a high-pressure water supply device 151 through a pipeline;
thirdly, selecting a high-pressure water flow incidence point of the tunneling surface: the water jet cutting head 150 clamped by the manual remote control multi-axis mechanical arm 15 moves slowly along the laser contour line, and a certain line point projected on the arched laser contour line 10 of the roadway driving surface is selected as a high-pressure water flow incident point sprayed by the water jet cutting head 150;
fourthly, cutting along the laser contour line: the water jet cutter head 150 jets high-pressure water flow to cut along the laser contour line from an incident point, and the water jet cutter head 150 moves slowly along the laser contour line during cutting, so that the high-pressure water flow jetted by the water jet cutter head 150 can be shot deeper on a roadway driving surface, the cutting is deeper, and the cutting depth is 1.5-2 m;
fifthly, obliquely cutting the tunneling surface: as shown in fig. 2, after the contour cutting is completed, the water jet cutting head 150 is inclined to the tunneling surface to perform high-pressure water jet, the incident angle 7 between the water jet and the tunneling surface is inclined to form an included angle of 25-45 degrees, so that a slant cutting surface 2 of the tunneling surface is formed, and a plurality of slant cutting lines 13 of the tunneling surface are perpendicular to the contour cutting lines 12.
And sixthly, fracturing intersected rocks of the inclined cutting surface of the roadway driving surface: as shown in fig. 3, a cutting plane cut by the water jet cutter head 150 in an oblique direction intersects with a profile cutting plane cut by the water jet cutter to form a cross cutting point 3 between the profile cutting plane and the roadway driving plane in an oblique direction, and the rock at the intersection is fractured, and the fractured rock is in a lath shape and is the rock 14 which is laminated together in a lath shape;
seventhly, performing oblique cutting and crushing on the rocks which are laminated together in a strip shape: as shown in fig. 4, the water jet cutting head 150 is used again to cut the lath-shaped stacked rocks 14 obliquely to form a high-pressure water flow oblique cutting angle 8 of the lath-shaped stacked rocks in the tunneling face, and the high-pressure water flow oblique cutting angle and the lath-shaped stacked rocks 14 are cut in a cross manner to form a cross cutting point 5 of the tunneling face oblique cutting surface and the lath-shaped stacked rocks, wherein a cutting gap is reserved for the high-pressure water flow oblique cutting of the rocks to form a tunneling face oblique cutting surface, and the lath-shaped stacked rocks are cut off and then crushed and slide down along the tunneling face oblique cutting surface;
and ninthly, sliding the cut broken rocks, then cleaning the broken rocks, wherein the space after the broken rocks are cleaned is the roadway space.
When the roadway driving face is obliquely cut, two cutting modes are adopted, wherein one mode is the layer-by-layer oblique cutting from bottom to top along the roadway driving face, and the other mode is the layer-by-layer oblique cutting from top to bottom along the roadway driving face.
The inclined cutting modes of the rock which is laminated together in the shape of the strip plate are two, one mode is transverse inclined cutting from bottom to top, and the other mode is transverse inclined cutting from top to bottom.
The roadway driving face is longitudinally and layer-by-layer oblique cutting and contour line cutting in a crossed cutting mode, a plurality of layers of roadway driving face oblique cutting surfaces are formed on the driving face rock body after cutting, and therefore rocks which are laminated together in a strip plate shape are formed between the two obliquely symmetrical and parallel roadway driving face oblique cutting surfaces.
The cutting line thickness of the coal mine rock is larger than the diameter of the sprayed high-pressure water flow because the sprayed water flow pressure is high and high in speed.
Because the coal seam structure that the mine tunnel was tunneled is complicated, has the coal ore of great piece, also has less or soft coal mine stone, but the high pressure rivers that the water jet cutter head jetted do not receive the influence of ore structure, can last effectual cutting rock body.
The tunneling method avoids the vibration of rocks around the roadway caused by the direct mechanical action on the tunneling surface of the roadway, simultaneously avoids the condition that the gas is detonated by sparks generated by the friction between excavating equipment and ores, and has higher safety; the cutting machine for cutting rocks by jetting high-pressure water flow is suitable for cutting different rock layers, and the adaptability is strong; the cutter head does not need to be replaced, the maintenance is convenient, the time and the labor are saved, and the production cost is saved; the roadway driving rock mass is subjected to cross cutting, the size of the cut rock mass is large, the driving space is large, and the working efficiency is improved.
The description and application of the present invention are intended to be illustrative and exemplary only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the embodiments described above. Variations and modifications of the embodiments disclosed herein are fully possible, and alternative and equivalent various components of the embodiments are well known to those skilled in the art. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other forms, structures, arrangements, proportions, and with other components, materials, and parts, and that other modifications and variations of the embodiments disclosed herein, without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The non-blasting type mine roadway water cutting tunneling method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, setting a roadway profile: a laser projection device (11) is erected on the central line of the mine roadway, and an arch laser contour line of the roadway is projected on the driving face of the mine roadway;
secondly, erecting a water jet cutting mechanical arm: a multi-shaft mechanical arm (15) is arranged on the middle line of the mine roadway and behind the laser projection device (11), a clamp of the multi-shaft mechanical arm (15) clamps a water jet cutter head (150), and the water jet cutter head (150) is connected with a high-pressure water supply device (151) through a pipeline;
thirdly, selecting a high-pressure water flow incidence point of the tunneling surface: a water jet cutting head (150) clamped by a manual remote control multi-axis mechanical arm (15) selects a certain line point projected on a laser contour line of a roadway driving surface as an incident point of jetting high-pressure water flow;
fourthly, cutting along the laser contour line: a water jet cutting head (150) clamped by the manual remote control multi-shaft mechanical arm moves slowly along the laser contour line, and the water jet cutting head sprays high-pressure water flow to cut along the laser contour line from an incidence point, so that the high-pressure water flow sprayed by the water jet cutting head can penetrate deeper into a rock body through a roadway driving surface, and the cutting depth is 1.5-2 m;
fifthly, obliquely cutting the tunneling surface: after contour cutting is finished, a water jet cutting head (150) clamped by a manual remote control multi-shaft mechanical arm (15) inclines to a roadway driving face to jet high-pressure water flow for oblique cutting, the incidence angle of the jet water flow and the roadway driving face inclines to form an included angle of 25-45 degrees, and the water jet cutting head (150) obliquely cuts layer by layer along the longitudinal direction of the roadway driving face to obtain an oblique cutting surface of the roadway driving face;
sixthly, breaking the intersected rock with the inclined cutting surface of the tunneling surface: the cutting line obliquely cut by the water jet cutter head (150) is intersected with the roadway contour cutting line, the rock at the intersection is broken, and the broken rock is overlapped and pressed together in a strip plate shape as the water jet cutter head (150) cuts obliquely layer by layer along the roadway driving surface;
seventh step, the rock which is laminated together in the shape of lath is transversely cut and crushed: the water jet cutting head (150) transversely bevels the rocks which are laminated together in a strip plate shape, and the rocks which are laminated together in a strip plate shape form cross cutting with the inclined cutting surface of the tunneling face, and the rocks which are laminated together in a strip plate shape are cut off and then crushed and slide along the inclined cutting surface of the tunneling face;
and eighth, cleaning broken rocks.
2. The non-blasting mine roadway water cutting excavation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the roadway driving face is obliquely cut, two cutting modes are adopted, wherein one mode is the layer-by-layer oblique cutting from bottom to top along the roadway driving face, and the other mode is the layer-by-layer oblique cutting from top to bottom along the roadway driving face.
3. The non-blasting mine roadway water cutting excavation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transverse inclined cutting modes of the rock which is laminated together in the shape of the strip plate are two, one mode is transverse inclined cutting from bottom to top, and the other mode is transverse inclined cutting from top to bottom.
4. The non-blasting mine roadway water cutting excavation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roadway driving face is longitudinally and layer-by-layer oblique cutting and contour line cutting in a crossed cutting mode, a plurality of layers of roadway driving face oblique cutting surfaces are formed on the driving face rock body after cutting, and therefore rocks which are laminated together in a strip plate shape are formed between the two obliquely symmetrical and parallel roadway driving face oblique cutting surfaces.
5. The non-blasting mine roadway water cutting excavation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting device is characterized in that the roadway contour line cutting, the roadway driving face oblique cutting and the roadway driving face are transversely inclined cut by the lath-shaped overlapped and pressed rocks, the cutting is performed slowly so as to extend the cutting depth, and the water jet heads with different diameters are replaced for the water jet head according to the thickness requirement of the cut rocks.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112145176B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-03-11 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Square wave type cutting process method for enlarging kerf width by laser cutting rock soil |
| CN112065423A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-11 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Full-section laser tunneling method and system for polygonal-prism-shaped net-shaped oblique cutting |
| CN112096409A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Full-section laser tunneling process method with laser curvilinear motion |
| CN113153336B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-04-19 | 重庆大学 | High-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method |
| CN113107514A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Free-section tunnel boring machine |
| CN113431595B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2022-08-23 | 中铁高新工业股份有限公司 | Construction method of non-blasting chain saw cutting machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB2027776A (en) * | 1979-08-09 | 1980-02-27 | Gutehoffnungshuette Sterkrade | Cutting a Solid Body |
| JP3076206B2 (en) * | 1994-12-27 | 2000-08-14 | 財団法人先端建設技術センター | Excavation method of large diameter tunnel and excavation equipment used for the excavation |
| RU2115088C1 (en) * | 1997-01-21 | 1998-07-10 | Георгий Анатольевич Басс | Method of drilling and blasting operations in rock workings |
| JP3913362B2 (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 2007-05-09 | 西松建設株式会社 | Thin wall excavator |
| CN104314573B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-10-28 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | A kind of hard rock tunnel construction method based on waterpower cutting |
| CN105952460A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-21 | 中车建设工程有限公司 | Non-blasting construction method of hard-rock tunnel in city |
| CN109026028A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2018-12-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of rock roadway in coal mine mechanical rock breaking method |
| CN109098719A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2018-12-28 | 无锡华瀚能源装备科技有限公司 | A kind of hard rock mechanical drivage construction technology |
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