RU2115088C1 - Method of drilling and blasting operations in rock workings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining art, applicable in drilling and blasting destruction of rocks in coal, petroleum and ozocerite mines, sulfur, pyrite and salt pits dangerous in gas and dust. SUBSTANCE: nonchargeable blast-hole or bore hole is drilled to form an additional exposed surface, blast-holes are charged with high-power explosives with a high detonation capacity, a water dam is constructed for attenuation of air shock waves, a dam of gas-tight materials; separating the face area from other workings and having a labyrinth at the working soil, is installed; a gas analyzer oxygen sensor is installed in the labyrinth section; mine atmosphere is displaces from the face area by gaseous combustion products of internal combustion engine passing the engine exhaust gases through a standard attachment of catalytic detoxication of gases used in the given case also as a spark-killer. After creation of atmosphere that is incapable of burning and burst the blast-hole charges are blasted. EFFECT: enhanced safety of blasting operations and enhanced efficiency of blasting operations. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the mining industry and is intended for mining dangerous for gas and dust in coal, oil and ozokerite mines, sulfur and pyrite mines.

 A device is known for creating an inert atmosphere in dead-end opencasts of coal mines, containing a jumper and an apparatus for flameless catalytic oxidation of fuel, a cylinder with gaseous fuel (propane-butane), a gas blower with an energy source for supplying air to the apparatus and valves with control and control devices for feeding into the apparatus of regulated flows of gaseous fuel and air. All equipment is installed on a mobile platform [1].

 The disadvantages of the known device is the complexity of the design, the need to design and manufacture of non-standard equipment complicate and increase the cost of industrial use of the installation, the scope of which is limited to workings equipped with rail vehicles.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of drilling and blasting and simplifying equipment to ensure their safety.

 To achieve this goal, boreholes or boreholes that form an additional exposed surface are drilled in parallel with charged boreholes, charged with boreholes, blasted, mounted an electric blast network and checked, suspended in the bottom with a water-filled blasting bridge, a jumper made of gas-tight materials with a labyrinth in the soil, in the last section of the labyrinth from the bottom, a gas analyzer sensor is installed for the oxygen content in the gas stream leaving the labyrinth, the mine The atmosphere of the bottomhole space, isolated by a jumper, is displaced by gases from the internal combustion engine (ICE) with the prefix for catalytic neutralization of toxic impurities, and after the formation in the bottomhole zone of an environment incapable of burning and explosion and additional testing of the explosive network, they produce an explosion.

 In FIG. 1 shows a layout of the mining facilities used to implement the method; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of a jumper with a labyrinth; in FIG. 3 - diagram of the fastening of the jumper parts along its perimeter; in FIG. 4 is a diagram of a water filling bridge for damping air shock waves; in FIG. 5 is a diagram of the suspension of the sleeves with water when doubling the sleeve in a bundle.

 In FIG. 1, the following designations are adopted: 1 - a jumper, 2 - a labyrinth, 3 - an internal combustion engine with an attachment for catalytic neutralization of toxic combustion products (mainly carbon monoxide), 4 - holes, 5 - a well to create an additional exposed surface. In FIG. 2 is indicated: 6 - collapsible frame of the lintel, 7 - collapsible sheets or slabs forming the central and main area of the lintel; 8 - plates of elastic materials (porous rubber), one end fixed in the frame 6 along its perimeter, and the free ends of the plate are pressed to the surface of the walls, arch and soil of the excavation. In FIG. 3: 9 - elastic plates made of fiberglass or equivalent materials, with a load capable of longitudinal bending; 10 - sleeves of film material filled with water (in Fig. 1 - in plan) on the pipe 11 or other horizontal support (Fig. 4); 12 - hose for supplying an inerting gas from the internal combustion engine with a catalytic attachment for their neutralization into the inertization zone, 13 in FIG. 2 - the place of entry of the hose 12 in the jumper (at a distance of no more than 1/3 of the arch of the output).

 An example of the application of the method. With current ventilation, drill holes 4 and parallel to them well 5, not charged with explosives (BB). The bore holes 4 are charged using powerful non-fuse explosives with high detonation ability, which excludes the burning of bore holes, they are clogged and the electric blast network is mounted.

 A water-filled extinguishing bridge is formed from polyethylene sleeves with a diameter of 40-60 mm by hanging the water-filled sleeves 10 on a pipe 11 fixed at the arch of the mine, and then proceed to assembly of the bridge to inertize the bottom hole.

 For unimpeded transportation over the mine workings, the jumper is collapsible. Assemble frame 6 from sections with plates 8 and 9 fixed along the perimeter and set at a distance of 2.0-2.5 m from the bottom. Check the adherence to the surface of the production of elastic plates 8 of porous rubber, if necessary, moving (pushing and pushing) some of the plates 8 depending on the state of the surface of the development, then insert the bending sheets or plates 7 (from plywood or foam) in the central part of the jumper 1. The installation location of the knockout sheets 7 are sealed with strips of microporous rubber, mounted on the end surface of the sheets 7 along their perimeter or on the surface of the frame 6 in contact with the ends of the inserted sheets and and plates 7.

 In the last section of the labyrinth from the bottom, a gas analyzer sensor is installed on oxygen. An internal combustion engine delivered on a trolley or drag carrier with an attachment for catalytic neutralization of combustion products is turned on by passing gases through a hose 12 into the bottomhole zone and controlling the gas leaving the labyrinth for oxygen content. With a content of 12 volume percent oxygen, the methane-air medium is not capable of burning and exploding. To guarantee the oxygen content is adjusted to 8-10%, the electroexplosive network is re-checked, the detector of the gas analyzer is removed from the maze, they go into the shelter and produce explosions of blast holes.

 Sheets or plates 7 will be knocked out of the central part of the jumper 7 with an air shock wave (which ensures their repeated use), the frame 6 of the jumper with plates 8 of porous rubber along its perimeter will freely move in the direction of the passage of air shock waves, and the face will be accessible for airing the current ventilation.

 The main advantages of the method: the use of internal combustion engines with a typical attachment for the catalytic neutralization of toxic impurities facilitates the industrial application of the method of inertization of the mine atmosphere, which allows blasting to be carried out directly with the cutter - the most effective way of destroying rocks due to the possibility of increasing the depth of the holes with an increase in the mass of drill holes and moving the output for an explosion with increasing the productivity of drifters. A water-filled extinguishing bridge will weaken air shock waves from explosions of drill holes of increased mass and increased power.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of drilling and blasting in mines hazardous by gas and dust, including drilling, loading, jamming holes, installing an electric blast network, installing a jumper from gas-tight materials, and displacing from the closed bottom-hole space of the mine atmosphere with gaseous products of fuel oxidation with control of the displaced gas flow analysis of oxygen and culminating in blasting of hole charges, characterized in that a well or hole is drilled to form an additional exposed surface And the mine air is forced out of the insulated jumper face opening gases from an internal combustion engine with a prefix catalytic neutralization of poisonous impurities.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the face additionally install a water filler jumper in the form of sleeves of film materials filled with water, fixed at the arch of the mine and freely hanging over its height in parallel rows intersecting the cross section of the mine.

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