CN110432016A - A kind of selection of Grafting watermelon stock - Google Patents
A kind of selection of Grafting watermelon stock Download PDFInfo
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- CN110432016A CN110432016A CN201910887069.3A CN201910887069A CN110432016A CN 110432016 A CN110432016 A CN 110432016A CN 201910887069 A CN201910887069 A CN 201910887069A CN 110432016 A CN110432016 A CN 110432016A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of selections of Grafting watermelon stock, female parent is to be formed by the green mind grafting king of Qingdao Yi Nongzhong industry Co., Ltd through 6 generations selfing directive breeding, and male parent is to be formed by the new century boxing champion of Tangshan Hengfeng Zhong Ye Co., Ltd through 6 generations selfing directive breeding；After male parent and female parent are hybridized, obtain F1 generation stock, using " 8424 " variety of watermelon as scion, carry out the variety comparative test of Grafted Watermelon, select that growing way is strong, well developed root system, graft survival rate are higher than 90%, the stock variety that watermelon blight, anti didymella, mildew-resistance, root system are low temperature resistant, yield is high, mouthfeel is good do not occur, the Grafting watermelon stock new varieties as selected.Integrated use modern efficient pyramiding breeding technology of the present invention, selects the F1 generation stock of high comprehensive performance, is grafted using it to watermelon, high graft survival rate, growth potential is steady, and fruiting rate is high, and disease-resistant resistance is strong, it is low temperature resistant, the quality of watermelon is not influenced, and effect of increasing production is obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of selections of Grafting watermelon stock, belong to stock breeding technical field.
Background technique
Watermelon is a kind of dicotyledonous flowering plant, and for tree characteristics as tendril, leaf is in featheriness.Outside the fruit that it is born
Skin is smooth, and in green or yellow, fruit flesh succulence is red or yellow, sweet tea sweet in flavor, has clearing away summerheat, promotes the production of body fluid to quench thirst, diuresis relieving restlessness
The effect of, skin can also cook, be used as medicine.Since watermelon can pass the summer in a leisurely way relieving summer-heat, melon pulp succulence is sweet, and taste quality is good, therefore
It is loved by consumers, planting benefit is higher.Watermelon is the crop for being unable to continuous cropping, is limited by soil-borne diseases such as wilt diseases.
Changing root using stock grafting is the measure for solving the most economical environmental protection of watermelon continuous cropping.
Currently, watermelon-stock is divided into three kinds: pumpkin swage block wood, calabash shape stock and wild watermelon swage block are wooden, wherein wild
Watermelon swage block wood is hybridized using two kinds of wild watermelons, small on quality of watermelon influence after grafting, but wild watermelon seed has one
Fixed dormant trait, and the breeding cycle of this stock is long, offspring can be easily separated out approximate parental form, and kind protection is difficult,
Yield is general, and resistance is poor, limits the breeding of wild watermelon stock variety；It is parent that calabash shape stock, which is using cucurbit and bottle gourd,
This is hybridized, small on quality of watermelon influence after grafting, but disease resistance is poor, at some second crop soils planted throughout the year, is easy
There are the diseases such as root rot；Pumpkin swage block wood is usually that giant pumpkin and musky gourd is utilized to hybridize, with watermelon affiliation compared with
Far, disease-resistant resistance is stronger, but, poor taste larger to the qualitative effects of Watermelon Fruit after grafting, and effect of increasing production is general.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of selection of Grafting watermelon stock is provided,
It can be further improved the disease resistance of watermelon, and grafting high survival rate, yield is high, influences on quality of watermelon small.
Technical solution
A kind of selection of Grafting watermelon stock, comprising the following steps:
(1) maternal selection: female parent is to be selfed orientation choosing by 6 generations of green mind grafting king of Qingdao Yi Nongzhong industry Co., Ltd
It educates；The self-mating system plant growing way is strong, medium blade, bottle green, alternate, and oval has and shallowly incises, the different flower of monoecism,
Foresythia is easily beared fruit, and disease-resistant resistance is strong.Spherical fruit is in yellow green shading after mature, above covers white speckle, epidermis is not
Smooth, areola is convex, middle mildew-resistance.Seed white, median size, seedling growth is steady, is not easy excessive growth, cotyledon period blade oval
Shape；
(2) selection of male parent: male parent is to be selfed to determine through 6 generations by the new century boxing champion of Tangshan Hengfeng Zhong Ye Co., Ltd
It is formed to breeding；The self-mating system plant growing way is strong, medium blade, bottle green, alternate, and pentagon has and shallowly incises, apex point, base
Portion's innermost being shape.The different flower of monoecism, foresythia, easy fruit setting；Fruit torpedo, green shading above cover white speckle, and epidermis is not only
Sliding, areola is prominent.Disease-resistant resistance is strong；Seed white, median size, seedling growth is steady, is not easy excessive growth, cotyledon period blade ovum
It is round；
(3) after male parent and female parent are hybridized, F1 generation stock is obtained, using " 8424 " variety of watermelon as scion, F1 generation stock
For Grafting watermelon stock, carry out the variety comparative test of Grafted Watermelon, select growing way is strong, well developed root system, graft survival rate are higher than 90%,
The stock variety that watermelon blight, anti didymella, mildew-resistance, root system are low temperature resistant, yield is high, mouthfeel is good does not occur, as selects
Grafting watermelon stock new varieties out.
In step (3), the variety comparative test method: carrying out in vinyl house, and Grafting watermelon stock is carried out xeothermic place
After reason (being placed for 24 hours in 35 DEG C of insulating boxs, then keep for 24 hours for 55 DEG C, last 72 DEG C of holdings 72h), the sowing of 2 months, hole plate seedling growth,
Scion is hoted water treatment of seeds vernalization after 4 days, scion is sowed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and sowing is grafted after 5 days, and seedling to be grafted is long to be arrived to two
Three leaves wholeheartedly when be colonized, be colonized using uniline, spacing in the rows 0.4m, line-spacing 2.5m, plot area 15m2, random district's groups arrangement, 3 weights
It is multiple, normal field management.
Application of the Grafting watermelon stock new varieties that above-mentioned selection is selected in Grafting watermelon.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention by collecting Grafting watermelon rootstock resource, integrated use modern efficient extensively
Pyramiding breeding technology is that giant pumpkin is hybridized using Parent, selects affinity good, tolerance to low temperature and weak light, resists
Watermelon blight, anti didymella, have no adverse effects etc. to scion quality merits F1 generation stock variety outstanding.It is right using its
Watermelon is grafted, and high graft survival rate, growth potential is steady, and fruiting rate is high, and highly resistance watermelon blight, middle anti didymella are resistance to low
Temperature, does not influence the quality of watermelon, and effect of increasing production is obvious.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained in the light of specific embodiments.
In following embodiments, female parent is that the green mind grafting king of Qingdao Yi Nongzhong industry Co., Ltd is selfed directive breeding through 6 generations
It forms, male parent is to be formed by the new century boxing champion of Tangshan Hengfeng Zhong Ye Co., Ltd through 6 generations selfing directive breeding.The present invention
To the method for the hybridization, there is no particular determinations, utilize the conventional hybridization method of this field.
Embodiment 1
A kind of selection of Grafting watermelon stock, includes the following steps:
(1) maternal selection: female parent is to be selfed orientation choosing by 6 generations of green mind grafting king of Qingdao Yi Nongzhong industry Co., Ltd
Educate, in the present embodiment, female parent have 8 (number is respectively as follows: 15S-11,15S-12,15S-14,15S-32,15S-41,
15S-44,15S-48,15S-54)；The self-mating system plant growing way is strong, medium blade, bottle green, alternate, oval, there is shallow lack
It carves；The different flower of monoecism, foresythia are easily beared fruit, and disease-resistant resistance is strong；Spherical fruit is in yellow green shading after mature, above covers
White speckle, epidermis is rough, and areola is convex；Middle mildew-resistance.Seed white, median size, seedling growth is steady, is not easy apprentice
It is long, cotyledon period blade oval；
(2) selection of male parent: male parent is to be selfed to determine through 6 generations by the new century boxing champion of Tangshan Hengfeng Zhong Ye Co., Ltd
It is formed to breeding, in the present embodiment, male parent has 7, and (number is respectively as follows: 15S-12,15S-25,15S-26,15S-27,15S-
28,15S-33,15S-41)；The self-mating system plant growing way is strong, medium blade, bottle green, alternate, and pentagon has and shallowly incises, first
End point, base portion innermost being shape.The different flower of monoecism, foresythia, easy fruit setting；Fruit torpedo, green shading above cover white speckle,
Epidermis is rough, and areola is prominent.Disease-resistant resistance is strong；Seed white, median size, seedling growth is steady, is not easy excessive growth, cotyledon
Phase blade oval；
(3) 2015 year spring was combined apolegamy in Nanjing six directions base, had prepared 11 stock Combination novas, male parent
After being hybridized with female parent, F1 generation stock (number P17-P27) is obtained, is specifically shown in Table 1:
The stock Combination nova that table 1 is prepared
Using " 8424 " variety of watermelon as scion, F1 generation stock is Grafting watermelon stock, carries out the variety comparative test of Grafted Watermelon,
Select that growing way is strong, well developed root system, graft survival rate are higher than 90%, it is resistance to that wilt disease, anti didymella, mildew-resistance, root system do not occur
The stock variety that low temperature, yield are high, mouthfeel is good, as the Grafting watermelon stock new varieties of breeding.
Comparison experiment:
Spring in 2016, using " 8424 " variety of watermelon as scion, the watermelon-stock P17-P27 of embodiment 1 is transferred as watermelon
Stock is connect, the variety comparative test of Grafted Watermelon is carried out in the vinyl house of academy of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu Province, the proving ground Heng Xi, vegetables institute Jiangning,
Control is No. 4 pumpkin rootstocks of the glad anvil in capital.
Test method: stock (is placed for 24 hours, then 55 DEG C of guarantors in progress hot air sterilization processing in 10 days 2 months in 35 DEG C of insulating boxs
Hold for 24 hours, last 72 DEG C of holdings 72h), broadcast within 19 days 2 months pumpkin rootstock, hole plate seedling growth, heating wire auxiliary heating, scion on the 23rd in 2 months
It hots water treatment of seeds, insulating box vernalization, scion on the 24th in 2 months shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally and sowed, and grafts within 29 days 2 months, March 7, grafting grew the heart
Leaf, grafting on March 24 are colonized when growing to two to three leaves wholeheartedly.It is colonized using uniline, spacing in the rows 0.4m, line-spacing 2.5m, cell face
Product 15m2, random district's groups arrangement, 3 repetitions.
(1) graft survival rate is counted, the results are shown in Table 2:
2 graft survival rate of table statistics
As can be seen from Table 2, control glad No. 4 Grafted Watermelon survival rates of anvil in capital are 90.0%, and 11 Grafting watermelon stocks are new
P23 graft survival rate highest in kind is 95.0%, and Grafted Watermelon high survival rate is in 90% also Grafting watermelon stock new product
Kind P21, P26 and P27.
(2) disease-resistant resistance of reverse investigation
By the Grafted Watermelon Seedlings of 11 Grafting watermelon stock new varieties of embodiment 1, capital No. 4 Grafted Watermelon Seedlings of glad anvil and from
Offspring is planted in Inst of vegetables, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing city, the base Heng Xi, Jiangning District, proving ground watermelon continuous cropping
The incidence of wilt disease is investigated in own-rooted tree and the entire growth period of Grafted Watermelon in garden.It the results are shown in Table 3:
3 Grafted Watermelon field resistance investigation result of table
Watermelon does not occur for the Grafted Watermelon Seedlings of watermelon graft stock new varieties and No. 4 Grafted Watermelon Seedlings of the glad anvil in capital in test
Wilt disease, the watermelon blight incidence of own-rooted tree are 65%.Compared with " the glad anvil in capital 4 " Grafted Watermelon, blight dis-ease resistance compared with
Strong have P17, P18, P21, P23, P24, P25, P26 and P27, lower temperature resistance preferably have P17, P18, P19, P21, P23,
P24, P25, P26 and P27.P21, P23, P24 Grafted Watermelon growing way graft west compared with " the glad anvil in capital 4 " under the conditions of spring greenhouse cultivation
Melon is steady, is easy to bear fruit, and section of bearing fruit is more consistent, shows stronger lower temperature resistance.
(3) output statistics the results are shown in Table 4:
4 Grafted Watermelon output statistics of table
From the point of view of 11 Grafting watermelon stock new varieties Grafted Watermelon per mu yields, Grafting watermelon stock new varieties P23
Highest, Grafted Watermelon yield average yield per mu 3084.7kg, No. 4 Grafted Watermelon volume increase 60.0% of anvil more glad than control capital, certainly than control
Offspring volume increase 149.4%.
(4) Grafted Watermelon attribute test the results are shown in Table 5:
It the different Grafting watermelon stock new varieties Grafted Watermelons of table 5 and is showed from the fruit properties of root watermelon
It can be seen that Grafting watermelon stock new varieties P23 Grafted Watermelon single fruit weight 4.0kg, fruit shape index 1.00, skin depth
1.0cm, center sugared content are 12.2%, and side sugared content is 10.1%, and pulp mouthfeel is good, free from extraneous odour.With compare the glad anvil in capital 4 and
Own-rooted tree is compared, and the watermelon single fruit weight of Grafting watermelon stock new varieties P23 grafting is higher, and center sugared content and side sugared content are excellent
In the glad anvil in control capital 4 and own-rooted tree.
In conclusion Grafting watermelon stock new varieties P23 No. 4 affinity of anvil more glad than control capital are stronger, bearing fruit property is good, volume increase
Effect becomes apparent from, and disease resistance, lower temperature resistance are better than control, and center sugared content and side sugared content are superior to from root watermelon and control capital
Glad anvil 4, mouthfeel is good, free from extraneous odour, reaches breeding standard.
Embodiment 2
In order to identify disease resistance, fruit marketability, the high yield of Grafting watermelon stock new varieties P23 that embodiment 1 selects
Property, disease resistance and regional adaptability, tried in the horizontal small stream agricultural service center (Jiangning) in Jiangning, Nanjing area, Nantong Zhong Jiang kind industry within 2017
Test 4 examinations such as base (Nantong), the extra large sweet melon science and technology demonstration area (Haimen) in Haimen City, the Ganyu County town Qing Kou Shanghai village (Ganyu)
Point, 2018 in the horizontal small stream agricultural service center (Jiangning) in Jiangning, Nanjing area, Nantong Zhong Jiang kind industry proving ground (Nantong), Sihong County
4 pilots such as Keyuan seedling center (Sihong), the extra large sweet melon science and technology demonstration area (Haimen) in Haimen City, with " the glad anvil in capital 4 "
For control, multispots trial has been carried out to P23 pumpkin rootstock new varieties, all pilots are all made of plastic house and cultivate, three climing trainings,
It cultivates with climbing, spacing in the rows 40cm, line-spacing 250cm, every cell is colonized 30 plants, if 3 repetitions, other management are the same as local planting patterns.
Experimental result:
1) character investigation result in field is shown in Table 6:
6 field character investigation result of table
Remarks: data are the average of more pilots in table.
As can be seen from Table 6, the Grafting watermelon stock new varieties P23 Grafted Watermelon time of infertility, fruit development period, bear fruit
Property, growth potential, the first female flower section, peel thickness it is suitable with control, fruit is round, and neat and consistent is not easy deformity, fruit mouth
Feel good, free from extraneous odour；Compatibility is preferable, and graft survival rate is higher than control.
2) output statistics the results are shown in Table 7:
7 output statistics result of table
As can be seen from Table 7, P23 Grafted Watermelon is in the relatively control volume increase 11.8% of 2017 annual yield, 2018 annuals
Yield relatively control volume increase 12.8%, the relatively control volume increase 12.3% of 2 annual yield.
3) soluble solid content testing result is shown in Table 8:
8 soluble solid content testing result of table
As can be seen from Table 8, P23 Grafted Watermelon center soluble solid content and edge soluble solid content be slightly
Higher than control.
4) degeneration-resistant disease resistance investigation result is shown in Table 9:
Table 9 is degeneration-resistant, disease-resistant sex investigation
As can be seen from Table 9, P23 Grafted Watermelon lower temperature resistance, moisture-proof, blight dis-ease resistance are better than control, field watermelon
Wilt disease is not apparent from generation.
To sum up, the emergence of P23 watermelon-stock is neat, and stem is dark green, and sturdy, pulp cavity consolidation, cotyledon is open and flat, is of moderate size, and transfers
It connects easy to operate；Compatibility is good, high survival rate, highly resistance watermelon blight, middle anti didymella and powdery mildew, and early period is cold-resistant, the later period is resistance to
Hot protrusion；Growth is steady, and well developed root system, the later period is not easy early ageing；Easily bear fruit, effect of increasing production is preferable, 12.3% or more average out to.
It is smaller to Watermelon Fruit qualitative effects, increase the center sugared content of fruit, Comprehensive Traits are excellent.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of selection of Grafting watermelon stock, which comprises the following steps:
(1) maternal selection: female parent be by the green mind grafting king of Qingdao Yi Nongzhong industry Co., Ltd through 6 generations selfing directive breeding and
At；
(2) selection of male parent: male parent is to be selfed orientation choosing by 6 generations of the new century boxing champion of Tangshan Hengfeng Zhong Ye Co., Ltd
It educates；
(3) after male parent and female parent are hybridized, F1 generation stock is obtained, using " 8424 " variety of watermelon as scion, F1 generation stock is west
Melon graft stock carries out the variety comparative test of Grafted Watermelon, selects that growing way is strong, well developed root system, graft survival rate are higher than 90%, do not send out
Raw watermelon blight, anti didymella, mildew-resistance, the stock variety that root system is low temperature resistant, yield is high, mouthfeel is good, are as selected
Grafting watermelon stock new varieties.
2. application of the Grafting watermelon stock new varieties that selection described in claim 1 is selected in Grafting watermelon.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114402994A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Method for breeding perennial wild watermelon stock variety |
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| FR2840767A1 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2003-12-19 | Thierry Meffre | Method for grafting variety of basil onto ocimum rootstock comprises clamping graft onto rootstock |
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