CN110431645A - 变压器油、变压器油评价方法以及变压器油评价装置 - Google Patents

变压器油、变压器油评价方法以及变压器油评价装置 Download PDF

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CN110431645A
CN110431645A CN201880018019.5A CN201880018019A CN110431645A CN 110431645 A CN110431645 A CN 110431645A CN 201880018019 A CN201880018019 A CN 201880018019A CN 110431645 A CN110431645 A CN 110431645A
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oil
transformer oil
transformer
magnetic particle
receiving portion
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山口博司
山崎晴彦
川口达夫
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Sakura Oil Co Ltd
Doshisha Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种环境适配性高、且能够期待变压器的冷却特性进一步提高的变压器油。其是将植物油与硅油混合而成、且不含矿物油的变压器油，其特征在于，植物油与硅油的体积比为3∶7～7∶3，且分散有磁性粒子(例如温敏性磁性粒子)。

Description

变压器油、变压器油评价方法以及变压器油评价装置
技术领域
本发明涉及变压器油、变压器油评价方法以及变压器油评价装置。
背景技术
作为变压器的绝缘用和冷却用的油(以下记为变压器油)，一直以来使用来自矿物的油(以下记为矿物油)，但矿物油中存在引起土壤污染和水质污浊的问题。因此，近年来，提出了将环境适配性高的来自植物的油(以下记为植物油)用作变压器油(例如参照专利文献1)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2016-25223号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
通过使用植物油作为变压器油，解决了土壤污染和水质污浊的问题。然而，植物油由于运动粘度高而不能期待变压器的冷却特性进一步提高。
本发明鉴于上述情况而完成的，其课题在于，提供环境适配性高、且能够期待变压器的冷却特性进一步提高的变压器油以及该变压器油的评价方法、评价装置。
用于解决问题的手段
为了解决上述课题，本发明涉及的变压器油是将植物油与硅油混合而成、且不含矿物油的变压器油，其特征在于，
所述植物油与所述硅油的体积比为3∶7～7∶3，
且分散有磁性粒子。
所述变压器油中，例如，
所述磁性粒子的体积浓度为10～30％。
所述变压器油中，例如，
所述磁性粒子在表面吸附有表面活性剂。
所述变压器油中，例如，
所述磁性粒子是伴随常温域内的温度上升而磁化减小的温敏性磁性粒子。
为了解决上述课题，本发明涉及的变压器油评价方法是将植物油、硅油与磁性粒子混合而成、且不含矿物油的变压器油的评价方法，其特征在于，包括：
第1步，通过对容纳有所述变压器油的容纳部的一侧进行加热，对与所述一侧对置的另一侧进行冷却，从而使所述一侧与所述另一侧之间产生温度差，使所述变压器油中产生对流；和
第2步，算出所述变压器油的努塞尔数，基于所述努塞尔数评价所述变压器油。
所述变压器油评价方法中，例如，
所述磁性粒子是伴随常温范围内的温度上升而磁化减小的温敏性磁性粒子，
在上述第1步中，使所述变压器油中产生从所述另一侧向所述一侧磁化减小的磁场梯度。
另外，为了解决上述课题，本发明涉及的变压器油评价装置是将植物油、硅油与磁性粒子混合而成、且不含矿物油的变压器油的评价装置，其特征在于，
具备：
金属部、
在金属部的外周设置的线圈部、
在线圈部的外周设置的容纳所述变压器油的第1容纳部、和
在第1容纳部的外周设置的容纳冷却水的第2容纳部，
若在所述线圈部流通电流，则使所述第1容纳部的所述线圈部侧与所述第2容纳部侧之间产生温度差，使容纳于所述第1容纳部的所述变压器油中产生对流。
所述变压器油评价装置中，例如，
所述磁性粒子是伴随常温范围内的温度上升而磁化减小的温敏性磁性粒子。
发明效果
根据本发明，可以提供环境适配性高、且能够期待变压器的冷却特性进一步提高的变压器油以及该变压器油的评价方法、评价装置。
附图说明
图1是用于说明温敏性磁性粒子带来的效果的图。
图2是本发明的一个实施方式涉及的变压器油评价装置的中心截面图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图，对本发明涉及的变压器油、变压器油评价方法以及变压器油评价装置的实施方式进行说明。
[变压器油]
本实施方式涉及的变压器油是将植物油与硅油混合而成的。另外，本实施方式的变压器油不含作为引起土壤污染和水质污浊的要因的矿物油。因此，本实施方式的变压器油的环境适配性高，能够再循环。
硅油比植物油的运动粘度小，因此将硅油混合于植物油的本实施方式的变压器油比仅由植物油构成的以往的变压器油运动粘度小。即，本实施方式的变压器油比以往的变压器油更容易在变压器内产生对流，传热特性提高，因此能够期待变压器的冷却特性的提高。
对于本实施方式的变压器油而言，植物油与硅油的体积比包含在3∶7～7∶3的范围内即可。通过在3∶7～7∶3的范围内调整植物油与硅油的体积比，从而调整运动粘度，可以提供具有所期望的传热特性的变压器油。
本实施方式的变压器油中，分散有平均粒径为1nm～10μm的磁性粒子。变压器油中的磁性粒子的体积浓度为10～30％。磁性粒子在表面吸附有表面活性剂。因此，磁性粒子彼此排斥，磁性粒子的分散性提高。
作为磁性粒子，优选伴随常温范围(例如5℃～35℃)内的温度上升而磁化减小的温敏性磁性粒子(例如锰锌铁氧体)。如图1所示，在施加外部磁场H的状态下在空间A中容纳包含温敏性磁性粒子的磁性流体的情况下，若冷却空间A的上侧的同时加热下侧，则磁性流体在空间A的上侧磁化变大而在下侧磁化变小，因此产生与温度差对应的磁场梯度。
即，在变压器油中分散有温敏性磁性粒子的情况下，产生与温度差对应的磁场梯度，从而磁力发生作用，促进浮力引起的对流。其结果是，传热特性进一步提高，能够期待变压器的冷却特性进一步提高。
[变压器油评价装置]
接着，对本实施方式涉及的变压器油评价装置进行说明。
本实施方式涉及的变压器油评价装置是用于评价将植物油、硅油与磁性粒子混合而成、且不含矿物油的变压器油的变压器油评价装置。
如图2所示，本实施方式涉及的变压器油评价装置1具备：圆柱状的亚克力壳体2、在亚克力壳体2的中心设置的圆柱状的金属部3、在金属部3的外周设置的线圈部4、在线圈部4的外周设置的圆环状的第1容纳部5、和在第1容纳部5的外周设置的圆环状的第2容纳部6。
在第1容纳部5容纳变压器油，在第2容纳部6容纳冷却水。变压器油评价装置1中，通过在线圈部4流通电流而加热线圈部4，从而在第1容纳部5的线圈部4侧与第2容纳部6(冷却水)侧之间产生温度差，能够使变压器油中产生对流。在变压器油中分散有温敏性磁性粒子的情况下，产生与温度差对应的磁场梯度，从而促进变压器油的对流。
变压器油评价装置1优选具备：检测第1容纳部5的上部的变压器油的温度的第1检测部7、检测第1容纳部5的下部的变压器油的温度的第2检测部8、和由计算机等构成的演算部9。第1检测部7和第2检测部8的检测结果被输送到演算部9。演算部9进行各种演算(例如，后述的努塞尔数的算出)，进行变压器油的评价。
[变压器油评价方法]
接着，对本实施方式涉及的变压器油评价方法进行说明。
本实施方式涉及的变压器油评价方法是用于评价将植物油、硅油与磁性粒子混合而成、且不含矿物油的变压器油的变压器油评价方法，包括下述的第1步和第2步。
第1步中，通过对容纳变压器油的容纳部的一侧进行加热，对与一侧对置的另一侧进行冷却，从而使一侧与另一侧之间产生温度差，使变压器油中产生对流。
使用变压器油评价装置1的情况下，对位于第1容纳部5的一侧的线圈部4进行加热，对位于第1容纳部5的另一侧的第2容纳部6通过冷却水进行冷却。由此，在第1容纳部5的线圈部4侧与第2容纳部6侧之间产生温度差，能够使变压器油中产生对流。在变压器油中分散有温敏性磁性粒子的情况下，产生与温度差对应的磁场梯度，从而促进变压器油的对流。
第2步中，利用演算部9，算出变压器油的努塞尔数，基于努塞尔数评价变压器油。优选与努塞尔数一起算出磁瑞利数，基于相对于磁瑞利数的努塞尔数来评价变压器油。努塞尔数(Nu)可以由下述(1)式算出。
【数学式1】
h：传热系数[W/(m2·K)]
L：特征长度[m]
λ：热导率[W/(m·K)]
q：热通量[W/m2]
ΔT：特征温度差[K]
使用变压器油评价装置1的情况下，演算部9算出由第1检测部7和第2检测部8取得的第1容纳部5的上部与下部的温度差(特征温度差ΔT)，能够算出第1容纳部5内的变压器油的努塞尔数。该情况下，特征长度L是第1容纳部5的高度。
努塞尔数越大，则变压器内越容易产生对流，能够期待变压器的冷却特性的提高。一般来说，硅油的比率越高，则努塞尔数越大。另一方面，相对于磁瑞利数的努塞尔数的变化率越大，则越能够以小温度差增加热的输送量。硅油的比率越低则该变化率越小。
以上，对本发明涉及的变压器油、变压器油评价方法以及变压器油评价装置的实施方式进行了说明，但本发明不限于上述实施方式。
作为本发明的磁性粒子，若为显示强磁性的磁性粒子则可以使用任意的磁性粒子。可以使用锰锌铁氧体以外的温敏性磁性粒子。另外，若在变压器油内分散，则可以改变磁性粒子的平均粒径，或省略表面活性剂。
作为本发明的植物油，可以使用任意的来自植物的油，作为本发明的硅油，可以使用任意的硅油。另外，本发明的变压器油若为将植物油、硅油与磁性粒子混合而成、且不含矿物油的变压器油，则可以包含其它油、其它磁性流体。
上述实施方式中，基于相对于磁瑞利数的努塞尔数评价了变压器油，但本发明的变压器油评价方法若能够至少基于努塞尔数的大小关系评价变压器油即可。
符号说明
1 变压器油评价装置
2 亚克力壳体
3 金属部
4 线圈部
5 第1容纳部
6 第2容纳部
7 第1检测部
8 第2检测部
9 演算部

Claims (8)

1.一种变压器油，其特征在于，其是将植物油与硅油混合而成、且不含矿物油的变压器油，
所述植物油与所述硅油的体积比为3∶7～7∶3，
且分散有磁性粒子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变压器油，其特征在于，
所述磁性粒子的体积浓度为10％～30％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的变压器油，其特征在于，
所述磁性粒子在表面吸附有表面活性剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的变压器油，其特征在于，
所述磁性粒子是伴随常温范围内的温度上升而磁化减小的温敏性磁性粒子。
5.一种变压器油评价方法，其特征在于，其是将植物油、硅油与磁性粒子混合而成、且不含矿物油的变压器油的评价方法，
包括：
第1步，通过对容纳有所述变压器油的容纳部的一侧进行加热，对与所述一侧对置的另一侧进行冷却，从而使所述一侧与所述另一侧之间产生温度差，使所述变压器油中产生对流；和
第2步，算出所述变压器油的努塞尔数，基于所述努塞尔数评价所述变压器油。
6.根据权利要求5所述的变压器油评价方法，其特征在于，
所述磁性粒子是伴随常温范围内的温度上升而磁化减小的温敏性磁性粒子，
在所述第1步中，使所述变压器油中产生从所述另一侧向所述一侧磁化减小的磁场梯度。
7.一种变压器油评价装置，其特征在于，
其是将植物油、硅油与磁性粒子混合而成、且不含矿物油的变压器油的评价装置，
具备：
金属部、
在金属部的外周设置的线圈部、
在线圈部的外周设置的容纳所述变压器油的第1容纳部、和
在第1容纳部的外周设置的容纳冷却水的第2容纳部，
若在所述线圈部流通电流，则使所述第1容纳部的所述线圈部侧与所述第2容纳部侧之间产生温度差，使容纳于所述第1容纳部的所述变压器油中产生对流。
8.根据权利要求7所述的变压器油评价装置，其特征在于，
所述磁性粒子是伴随常温范围内的温度上升而磁化减小的温敏性磁性粒子。
CN201880018019.5A 2017-03-13 2018-03-09 变压器油、变压器油评价方法以及变压器油评价装置 Pending CN110431645A (zh)

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