CN110408893A - A kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110408893A CN110408893A CN201910629926.XA CN201910629926A CN110408893A CN 110408893 A CN110408893 A CN 110408893A CN 201910629926 A CN201910629926 A CN 201910629926A CN 110408893 A CN110408893 A CN 110408893A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/148—Composition of the cutting inserts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/021—Cleaning or etching treatments
- C23C14/022—Cleaning or etching treatments by means of bombardment with energetic particles or radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0641—Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
- C23C14/325—Electric arc evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/54—Controlling or regulating the coating process
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip and preparation method thereof, which includes the coating coated on matrix and matrix, and coating includes the Me of single-layer or multi-layer1‑aAlaX coating, Me are the one of or several of chemical element Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, W, Mn and Si, and X is the one of or several of chemical element N, C, O and B；Me1‑aAlaIn X coating, against coating internal stress control at matrix in 1Gpa to -4Gpa range, the control of surface layer coating internal stress is in -3Gpa to -9GPa range, and coating internal stress control in intermediate region is in for -2Gpa to -9GPa range.The present invention is with Me1‑aAlaX coating is main functional layer, the stress distribution of coat inside is controlled by coating process, make coating that there is different stress distributions from bottom to surface layer and controlled in different ranges respectively, so as to significantly improve the cutting ability service life of coated carbides cutting tip.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coated cemented carbide endmill, more particularly to a kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip and its
Production method.
Background technique
Physical vapour deposition (PVD) (PVD) is known film growth techniques, and PVD coating technology is to improve cutting performance and service life
Important channel, and have been widely used for cutting tool field.PVD coating can generate internal stress during the deposition process,
The internal stress Producing reason of coating is very complicated, but the root according to generation, and stress is divided into thermal stress and natural stress.It is right
It is mainly natural stress for PVD, is embodied in compression.PVD coating technology most generally known at present is arc ions
Plating and magnetron sputtering, the coating for being known in the art arc ion plating (aip) preparation have biggish coating stress, and magnetic control
The coating of sputtering technology preparation has lower stress.
Because PVD coating stress shows as compression, and being known in the art a degree of compression in coating can hinder
The diffusion of crack arrest line promotes the wearability of coating, but excessively high compression will lead to coating again and peel off to influence from matrix
The performance of cutting tip.Therefore for the PVD coating of arc ion plating (aip) preparation, PVD coating stress point how is controlled
Cloth is extremely important for the cutting ability of coated cemented carbide insert.Especially in the high steel of processing intensity, stainless steel
Or under the operating condition of high temperature alloy, higher cutting heat and cutting force can be generated, needs to guarantee to improve painting while coating binding force
The wearability of layer.
United States Patent (USP) US8859114B2 discloses a kind of PVD coated cutting tool, and coating includes inside and outside two layers of coatings, interior
Layer is AlxTi1-xN coating, outer layer AlmTi(1-m-z)SizN coating, coating stress are that -2.5GPa arrives -3.8GPa, are adopted after coating
The compression of coating is promoted 1.2~2 times with wet abrasive blasting post-processing, the wearability of coated cutting tool is greatly improved, in stainless steel
The working durability promotes nearly 1 times in turning.
7838132 B2 of United States Patent (USP) US discloses a kind of PVD coated cutting tool, and coating includes at least one layer Ti1- xA1xN coating, wherein x=0.4~0.6.Using arc ion plating (aip), coating film thickness is 1.5~5um, and coating compression is super
- 6GPa is crossed, coating binding force is fine although high compression stress, and high compression stress improves wear-resisting property and the painting of coating
Layer hardness.
103249869 A of Chinese patent CN discloses a kind of coated cutting tool insert, and the coating includes at least one
With a thickness of (the Ti of 0.5 to 10um NaCl structurecAlaCrbMed)(CzOyNx) layer, wherein Me be element Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta,
One of Mo, W and/or Si or a variety of, the control of Bulk coat compression arrive -6GPa in -0.5GPa, and the blade is suitable for producing
The metal cutting application of raw high tool temperature.
As mentioned above, metal cutting industry is studying influence of the PVD coating internal stress to cutting ability, and is setting
Have in meter and research and development coating procedure and coating stress value is controlled.But disclosed technologies all so far rest on
Entirety control to the stress value of Bulk coat, yet there are no and answer respectively for the coating of the different zones by bottom to top layer
Power distinguishes control.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip and
Its production method makes coating have different stress distributions to surface layer from from matrix, obtains by coating process control
The coating of optimum balance is obtained in terms of hardness, toughness and binding force, so as to significantly improve coated carbides cutting tool
Wearability and impact resistance, improve the cutter life of machining.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problem is that: a kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip, packet
The coating coated on matrix and matrix is included, described matrix is made using cemented carbide material；The coating include single layer or
The Me of multilayer1-aAlaX coating, wherein Me be chemical element Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, W, Mn and Si one of which or
Be it is several, X be chemical element N, C, O and B one of or several, a=0.2~0.7, Me1-aAlaX coating with a thickness of 2
~8um；Me1-aAlaIn X coating, applied at matrix in 1Gpa to -4Gpa range against coating internal stress control at matrix
The thickness of layer accounts for Me1-aAlaThe 1~25% of X coating film thickness, the control of surface layer coating internal stress are arrived in -9GPa range in -3Gpa,
The thickness of surface layer coating accounts for Me1-aAlaThe 1~40% of X coating film thickness, coating internal stress control in intermediate region is for -2Gpa
Into -9GPa range.
Further, the Me1-aAlaX coating, a=0.5~0.67, with a thickness of 3~6um；Me1-aAlaIn X coating,
Against at matrix, the control of coating internal stress is in 0Gpa to -3Gpa range, and the thickness of coating accounts for Me at matrix1-aAlaX is applied
The 5~20% of tunic thickness, in -4Gpa to -8Gpa range, the thickness of surface layer coating accounts for the control of surface layer coating internal stress
Me1-aAlaThe 5~30% of X coating film thickness, coating internal stress control in intermediate region is in for -3Gpa to -8Gpa range.
The cemented carbide material be using WC as hard phase, using include at least one of Co, Ni, Fe metallic element as
Binder Phase, the Binder Phase content are 4~14wt.%, and solid solution has Cr element in the Binder Phase, and Cr element accounts for Binder Phase
Content is 1~10wt.%, and WC particle mean size is 0.4~3.5um in the hard alloy.
Further, the Binder Phase content is 6~10wt.%, and the content that Cr element accounts for Binder Phase is 4~8wt.%,
WC particle mean size is 0.8~2um in hard alloy.
The cemented carbide material be using the cubic carbide of WC and transition metal element as hard phase, with include Co, Ni,
The metallic element of at least one of Fe is 4~10wt.% as Binder Phase, the Binder Phase content, and the cubic carbide is
The carbide of the carbide of one of Ti, Ta and Nb element or several elements compoundings, content are 0.05~3wt.%, described hard
WC particle mean size is 0.4~3.5um in matter alloy.
Further, the Binder Phase content is 6~8wt.%, and the cubic carbide content is 0.1~2wt.%, institute
Stating WC particle mean size in hard alloy is 1~2.5um.
The coating is the Me of Direct precipitation single-layer or multi-layer on the matrix1-aAlaX coating, without depositing bottom
Layer metallic element or metal nitride, carbide or its mixture.
The coating, in deposition Me1-aAlaBefore X coating, IV B selected from the periodic table of elements, V B are first deposited, in VI B
One or more metallic elements, sedimentation time are 1~30min, and preferably 5~20min, substrate bias is that -20V arrives -300V, excellent
Choosing -40V arrives -250V.
The coating, in deposition Me1-aAlaBefore X coating, IV B selected from the periodic table of elements, V B are first deposited, in VI B
Nitride, carbide or its mixture of one or more elements, sedimentation time be 1~30min, preferably 5~20min,
Substrate bias is that -20V arrives -300V, and preferably -40V arrives -250V.
The coating, in Me1-aAlaThe outermost layer coating that a layer thickness is 0.1~1um, outermost layer are also coated on X coating
The ingredient and Me of coating1-aAlaThe ingredient of X coating is not exactly the same, and outermost layer coating is as color layers or improves cutting process
In anti-stick bits or improve cutting process in lubricity.
The coating, for the control of intermediate region coating internal stress in -2Gpa to -9GPa range, preferably -3Gpa arrives -8Gpa,
And the step increments or linear increment of certain rule are presented in intermediate region coating internal stress, or are maintained at some specific stress
It is worth constant.
A kind of production method of PVD coated carbides cutting tip is on matrix using physical gas-phase deposite method
Deposit the coating, the coating uses cathodic arc evaporation to generate under the following conditions: gross pressure is 0.1~5.5Pa, vapor deposition
Electric current is 100~280A, and depositing temperature is 300~700 DEG C, and substrate bias is that -30V arrives -250V.
Further, the coating uses cathodic arc evaporation to generate under the following conditions: gross pressure is 2.0~5.0Pa,
Vapor deposition electric current is 180~240A, and depositing temperature is 400~650 DEG C, and substrate bias is that -40V arrives -200V.
It further, further include after coating, surface smoothing processing, this kind machining packet being carried out by machining
One or more of include but be not limited to polishing and sandblasting.
A kind of purposes of PVD coated carbides cutting tip is for high-intensitive steel, stainless steel and high temperature alloy
Turning and Milling Process.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention is with Me1-aAlaX coating is main functional layer, by control coating stress distribution, makes coating from close to base
Coating at body to surface layer has different inner-stress values, can obtain and most preferably be put down in terms of hardness, toughness and binding force
The coating of weighing apparatus, so as to significantly improve the cutting of coated cemented carbide insert processing high strength steel, stainless steel and high temperature alloy
Performance.
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments；But a kind of PVD coating of the invention is hard
Matter alloy cutting tip and preparation method thereof is not limited to the embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the PVD coated carbides cutting tip of the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, matrix；2, coating；3,Ti0.33Al0.67N coating；4, surface layer TiN coating；5,Ti0.33Al0.67N coating
The coating internal stress control zone at matrix；6,Ti0.33Al0.67The inter coat stress control zone of N coating；7,Ti0.33Al0.67N
The surface coating stress control zone of coating.
Specific embodiment
A kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip shown in Figure 1, of the invention, including coated on matrix 1 and matrix
Coating 2, described matrix 1 is made using cemented carbide material；The coating 2 includes the Me of single-layer or multi-layer1-aAlaX is applied
Layer 3, wherein Me is the one of or several of chemical element Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, W, Mn and Si, and X is chemistry member
Plain N, C, O and B's one of or several, a=0.2~0.7, preferably 0.5~0.67, Me1-aAlaX coating with a thickness of 2~
8um, preferably 3~6um；Me1-aAlaIn X coating 3, the coating internal stress control of coating internal stress control zone 5 exists at matrix
In 1Gpa to -4Gpa range, preferably 0Gpa to -3Gpa, the thickness of the coating of coating internal stress control zone 5 is accounted at matrix
Me1-aAlaThe 1~25% of X coating film thickness, preferably 5~20%, the coating internal stress control of surface layer coating stress control zone 7
In -3Gpa to -9GPa range, preferably -4Gpa arrives -8Gpa, and the thickness of the coating of surface layer coating stress control zone 7 accounts for Me1- aAlaThe 1~40% of X coating film thickness, preferably 5-30%, the coating internal stress control of inter coat stress control zone 6 is for -2Gpa
Into -9GPa range, preferably -3Gpa arrives -8Gpa.In the present embodiment, Me is chemical element Ti, and X is chemical element N, a=
0.67, Me1-aAlaX coating 3 with a thickness of 3um.
Described matrix 1 uses PM technique, to form the blank with geometry in particular, hair by suppressing, being sintered
Base obtains blade base after grinding and special cutting edge processing.
A kind of production method of PVD coated carbides cutting tip of the invention, the coating 2 use physical vapor
The method for depositing (PVD) is 0.1~5.5Pa in gross pressure, and preferably 2.0~5.0Pa, vapor deposition electric current is 100~280A, preferably
180~240A, depositing temperature are 300~700 DEG C, and preferably 400~650 DEG C, substrate bias is that -30V arrives -250V, preferably -40V
Under the conditions of to -200V, above-mentioned coating is deposited by using arc evaporation.
Specific coating treatment is as follows: the blade base 1 by pre-treatment first passes around further Ar or Kr plasma
Cleaning, further to promote coating adhesion.According to the surface characteristic of basic material, it can first deposit and be selected from blade base 1
IV B of the periodic table of elements, V B, VI B, in one or more metallic elements or metallic element nitride, carbide,
Or its mixture, sedimentation time are 1~30min, preferably 5~20min, it is then redeposited with a thickness of 2~8um, preferably 3~
The functional layer Me of 6um1-aAlaX coating.According to the surface characteristic of basic material, can also on blade base 1 Direct precipitation master
Functional layer Me1-aAlaX coating 3, the present embodiment are the Direct precipitation functional layer Me on blade base 11-aAlaX coating 3.Me1- aAlaX coating 3 is by certain process parameters design, for example can pass through the control of the coating parameters such as bias, gas pressure, temperature
Make to control the stress of coating, make against coating internal stress control at matrix in 1Gpa to -4Gpa range, preferably 0Gpa to -
3Gpa, thickness account for Me1-aAlaThe 1~25% of X coating film thickness, preferably 5~20%, surface layer coating internal stress are controlled in -3Gpa
Into -9GPa range, preferably -4Gpa arrives -8Gpa, and thickness accounts for Me1-aAlaThe 1~40% of X coating film thickness, preferably 5~30%, in
Between zone-coating Stress Control be -2Gpa in -9GPa range, preferably -3Gpa arrives -8Gpa.In addition, certainly can also be
Me1-aAlaX apply one functional layer on coat one layer of outermost layer, as color layers improve cutting process in anti-stick bits or
Improve the lubricity in cutting process；The present embodiment is in Me1-aAlaX, which is applied, is coated with one layer of outermost layer 4 in one functional layer, as face
Chromatograph improves the anti-stick bits in cutting process or improves the lubricity in cutting process.
After coating, surface smoothing processing can also be carried out by machining, the chip removal of blade in machining is provided
Ability.
Blade after coating carries out energy by using with AmeTek Hitachi S-3700N scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Chromatic dispersion quantity is analyzed to estimate coating Me1-aAlaThe ingredient a of X, nearby the coating section of the position 0.1~1mm is to measure to cutting edge
Position.Film thickness is also to be determined by the position 0.1~1mm coating section near scanning electron microscope observation cutting edge.It is logical
Bruker D8 Discovers X-ray diffraction equipment is crossed, using sin2ψ method evaluates the internal stress σ of coating.
A kind of purposes of PVD coated carbides cutting tip of the invention is for high-intensitive steel, stainless steel and height
The turning and Milling Process of temperature alloy.
Below in conjunction with specific example, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip of the invention, blade model CNMG120408-EF, blade cutting edge
Using special passivation treatment technology, matrix is fine grained hard alloy, WC average grain diameter 1.0um, wherein Co mass percentage
Number is 6%, contains a small amount of Ta and Nb.The blade is by physical gas-phase deposite method (PVD method) prepares coating, in N2In atmosphere
The Ti of depositing homogeneous0.33Al0.67N coating, coating layer thickness 3um are made by coating process control close to matrix during the deposition process
Locating coating internal stress is about -2.0~-2.5GPa, and the coating stress of functional layer surface layer is -5.5~-6.0Gpa, intermediate region
Coating stress is in increasing trend, is finally coated with the TiN of one layer of about 0.2um as outermost layer 4.
Model and the basic material for comparing blade are identical as the present invention, and use identical coating pretreatment mode, are adopted
The Ti that coating is 3um0.33Al0.67N coating, coating different zones internal stress are not different control, Bulk coat internal stress control
System is in -4.0~-5.0GPa.
Above two blade carries out wear-resisting turning test under such as the following conditions, in test, selects blade flank average
Abrasion loss Vb be more than 0.3mm or any blade abrasion Vbmax or tipping be more than 0.3mm be service life judgment criteria.
Workpieces processing: cylindrical bar
Rapidoprint: GH4169
Cutting speed: Vc=80m/min
Cutting feed: f=0.25mm/r
Cutting depth: ap=0.5mm
Cutting way: cylindrical turning
The type of cooling: wet type cutting
Test result is as shown in table 1.
From the coated carbides turning insert working durability of the invention that can be seen that in test result in the present embodiment
It is obviously improved compared with comparison blade life, the working durability improves about 58%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip of the invention, blade model WNMG080408-SM, blade cutting edge
Using special passivation treatment technology, matrix is fine grained hard alloy, WC average grain diameter 0.8um, wherein Co mass percentage
The mass percent that number is 10%, Cr is 0.4%.The blade is by physical gas-phase deposite method (PVD method) prepares coating, in N2
The Ti of depositing homogeneous in atmosphere0.33Al0.67N coating, coating layer thickness 3um make to lean on by coating process control during the deposition process
Coating internal stress is about -2.0~-2.5GPa at nearly matrix, and the coating stress of functional layer surface layer is -5.5~-6.0Gpa, in
Between zone-coating stress be in increasing trend, finally be coated with one layer of about 0.2um TiN as outermost layer.
It compares blade model and basic material is identical as the present invention, and use identical coating pretreatment mode, used
Coating be 3um Ti0.33Al0.67N coating, coating different zones internal stress are not different control, the control of Bulk coat internal stress
In -4.0~-5.0GPa.
Above two blade carries out wear-resisting turning test under the following conditions, in test, blade flank is selected averagely to grind
Damage amount Vb be more than 0.3mm or any blade abrasion Vbmax or tipping be more than 0.3mm be service life judgment criteria.
Workpieces processing: cylindrical bar
Rapidoprint: 45# steel, 280HB
Cutting speed: Vc=150m/min
Cutting feed: f=0.2mm/r
Cutting depth: ap=2.0mm
Cutting way: cylindrical turning
The type of cooling: wet type cutting
Two kinds of coatings of comparison have carried out three groups of tests altogether, and test result is as shown in table 2.
From the coated carbides turning insert working durability of the invention that can be seen that in test result in the present embodiment
It is obviously improved compared with comparison blade life, the working durability extends 50%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip of the invention, blade model blade model SDMT120512-
GM, blade cutting edge use special passivation treatment technology, and matrix is fine grained hard alloy, and wherein Co mass percent is
The mass percent of 13%, Cr are 0.4%.The blade uses physical gas-phase deposite method prepares coating, in deposition hard coat
Before, ion bombardment blade face is first used, then about 20min deposits the Ti of 3um at 450 DEG C0.33Al0.67N coating, finally sinks
The TiN of one layer of 0.2um of product is as outermost layer.Optimize the distribution of coating internal stress in coating procedure by control coating parameter, leans on
Functional layer coating stress is about -1.5GPa at nearly matrix, and functional layer coating skin stress is about -6.0Gpa, intermediate region coating
Stress is in increasing trend.
It compares blade model and basic material is identical as the present invention, and use identical coating pretreatment mode, used
Coating be Ti0.33Al0.67N coating, coating thickness 3um, coating different zones internal stress are not different control, and XRD stress is surveyed
The coating internal stress for trying the coating is -4.0~-5.0GPa.
Above two blade compares test under the following conditions.Cutting test uses the side of 2 symmetrical fixturing blades
Formula waits the periods for time interval sight according to the actual state of blade abrasion in cutting process with 5min, 10min, 15min ...
Wear of the tool flank pattern is examined, measurement records blade tool flank wear, if exceptions such as generation are vibrated in observation interval, spark increases
Situation then stops test observation blade degree of impairment immediately.In test, selection blade flank average abrasion amount Vb is more than
0.3mm or any blade abrasion Vbmax or tipping are more than that 0.4mm is service life judgment criteria.
Rapidoprint: 316L stainless steel, 136~140HB of hardness
Cutting speed: Vc=160m/min
Cutting feed: f=1.0mm/r
Cutting depth: ap=1.0mm
Cutting width: ae=18mm
Cutting way: facing cut
The type of cooling: wet type cutting
Test result is as shown in table 3.
It is 18min from the coating milling cutting insert working durability of the invention that can be seen that in test result in the present embodiment,
The average life span for comparing blade is 11min, under current experimental condition, the more existing coated chip of the coated chip of the present embodiment
Service life improves 50%, it is seen then that coated chip involved in the present invention is had excellent performance.
Embodiment 4
A kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip of the invention, blade model APKT160408R-GM, blade cutting edge
Using special passivation treatment technology, matrix is fine grained hard alloy, WC average grain diameter 0.8um, wherein Co mass percentage
The mass percent that number is 10%, Cr is 0.4%.The blade uses physical gas-phase deposite method prepares coating, in deposition hard
Before coating, ion bombardment blade face is first used, then about 20min deposits the Ti of 3um at 450 DEG C0.33Al0.67N coating, most
The TiN for depositing one layer of 0.2um afterwards is used as outermost layer, optimizes coating internal stress in coating procedure by control coating parameter and divides
Cloth, is about -1.5GPa close to functional layer coating stress at matrix, and functional layer coating skin stress is about -6.0Gpa, intermediate region
Coating stress is in increasing trend.
It compares blade model and basic material is identical as the present invention, and use identical coating pretreatment mode, used
Coating be Ti0.33Al0.67N coating, coating thickness 3um, coating different zones internal stress are not different control, and XRD stress is surveyed
The coating internal stress for trying the coating is -4.0~-5.0GPa.
Above two blade compares test under the following conditions.Cutting test uses the side of 2 blade symmetry clampings
Formula waits the periods for time interval according to the actual state of blade abrasion in cutting process with 10min, 15min, 20min ...
Wear of the tool flank pattern is observed, record blade tool flank wear is measured, if it is different that vibration, spark increase etc. occur in observation interval
Reason condition then stops test observation blade degree of impairment immediately.In test, selection blade flank average abrasion amount Vb is more than
0.3mm or any blade abrasion Vbmax or tipping are more than that 0.4mm is service life judgment criteria.
Rapidoprint: P20 (3Cr2Mo), 33~36HRC of hardness
Cutting speed: Vc=220m/min
Cutting feed: f=0.15mm/r
Cutting depth: ap=1.0mm
Cutting width: ae=38mm
Cutting way: pocketing
The type of cooling: wet type cutting
Test result is as shown in table 4.
From in test result as can be seen that the present embodiment in the coated carbides cutter blade working durability of the invention compared with
The comparison coated chip service life is obviously improved, about 52% life-span upgrading.As it can be seen that the present embodiment coating technology compares existing skill
Art has apparent performance to improve.
Above-mentioned only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Although of the invention
It has been disclosed in a preferred embodiment above, however, it is not intended to limit the invention.Anyone skilled in the art is not taking off
In the case where from technical solution of the present invention range, all technical solution of the present invention is made perhaps using the technology contents of the disclosure above
Mostly possible changes and modifications, or it is revised as equivalents equivalent embodiment.Therefore, all without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Content, technical spirit any simple modifications, equivalents, and modifications made to the above embodiment, should all fall according to the present invention
In the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of PVD coated carbides cutting tip, including the coating coated on matrix and matrix, described matrix uses hard
Alloy material is made；It is characterized by: the coating includes the Me of single-layer or multi-layer1-aAlaX coating, wherein Me is to change
Learn element ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, W, Mn and Si it is one of or several, X be chemical element N, C, O and B its
Middle one or more, a=0.2~0.7, Me1-aAlaX coating with a thickness of 2~8um；Me1-aAlaIn X coating, at matrix
Coating internal stress controls in 1Gpa to -4Gpa range, and the thickness of coating accounts for Me at matrix1-aAlaThe 1 of X coating film thickness~
25%, for the control of surface layer coating internal stress in -3Gpa to -9GPa range, the thickness of surface layer coating accounts for Me1-aAlaX coating
The 1~40% of film thickness, coating internal stress control in intermediate region is in for -2Gpa to -9GPa range.
2. PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is further, it is described
Me1-aAlaX coating, a=0.5~0.67, with a thickness of 3~6um；Me1-aAlaIn X coating, against coating internal stress control at matrix
In 0Gpa to -3Gpa range, the thickness of coating accounts for Me at matrix1-aAlaThe 5~20% of X coating film thickness, surface layer apply
In -4Gpa to -8Gpa range, the thickness of surface layer coating accounts for Me for layer internal stress control1-aAlaThe 5~30% of X coating film thickness,
Coating internal stress control in intermediate region is in for -3Gpa to -8Gpa range.
3. PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the hard alloy material
Material is using WC as hard phase, to include the metallic element of at least one of Co, Ni, Fe as Binder Phase, the Binder Phase content
For 4~14wt.%, solid solution has Cr element in the Binder Phase, and the content that Cr element accounts for Binder Phase is 1~10wt.%, described
WC particle mean size is 0.4~3.5um in hard alloy.
4. PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: further, the bonding
Phase content is 6~10wt.%, and the content that Cr element accounts for Binder Phase is 4~8wt.%, and WC particle mean size is in hard alloy
0.8~2um.
5. PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the hard alloy material
Material is using the cubic carbide of WC and transition metal element as hard phase, to include the metallic element of at least one of Co, Ni, Fe
As Binder Phase, the Binder Phase content is 4~10wt.%, and the cubic carbide is one of Ti, Ta and Nb element
The carbide of carbide or several elements compoundings, content are 0.05~3wt.%, WC particle mean size in the hard alloy
For 0.4~3.5um.
6. PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: further, the bonding
Phase content is 6~8wt.%, and the cubic carbide content is 0.1~2wt.%, and WC particle is average big in the hard alloy
Small is 1~2.5um.
7. PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the coating is described
The Me of Direct precipitation single-layer or multi-layer on matrix1-aAlaX coating, without depositing underlying metal element or metal nitride, carbon
Compound or its mixture.
8. PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the coating is depositing
Me1-aAlaBefore X coating, first deposition is selected from one of IV B, V B, VI B of the periodic table of elements or Determination of multiple metal elements, deposition
Time is 1~30min, and substrate bias is that -20V arrives -300V.
9. PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the coating is depositing
Me1-aAlaBefore X coating, the nitridation of IV B selected from the periodic table of elements, V B, one or more elements in VI B is first deposited
Object, carbide or its mixture, sedimentation time are 1~30min, and substrate bias is that -20V arrives -300V.
10. PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the coating, in Me1- aAlaThe outermost layer coating that a layer thickness is 0.1~1um, the ingredient and Me of outermost layer coating are also coated on X coating1-aAlaX coating
Ingredient it is not exactly the same, outermost layer coating as color layers improve cutting process in anti-stick bits or improve cutting
Lubricity in the process.
11. PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: intermediate region coating
The step increments or linear increment of certain rule are presented in internal stress, or to be maintained at some specific stress value constant.
12. a kind of production side of the PVD coated carbides cutting tip as described in any claim in claim 1 to 11
Method, it is characterised in that: be that the coating is deposited using physical gas-phase deposite method on matrix, the coating is under the following conditions
Generated using cathodic arc evaporation: gross pressure is 0.1~5.5Pa, and vapor deposition electric current is 100~280A, depositing temperature for 300~
700 DEG C, substrate bias is that -30V arrives -250V.
13. the production method of PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: described
Coating uses cathodic arc evaporation to generate under the following conditions: gross pressure is 2.0~5.0Pa, and vapor deposition electric current is 180~240A,
Depositing temperature is 400~650 DEG C, and substrate bias is that -40V arrives -200V.
14. the production method of PVD coated carbides cutting tip according to claim 12 further further includes
After coating, surface smoothing processing is carried out by machining, this kind machining includes but is not limited in polishing and sandblasting
One or more.
15. a kind of purposes of the PVD coated carbides cutting tip as described in any claim in claim 1 to 11,
It is characterized by: turning and Milling Process for high-intensitive steel, stainless steel and high temperature alloy.
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| CN111254393A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-09 | 济宁学院 | Preparation method of wear-resistant bulldozer transmission shaft part |
| CN113145846A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-07-23 | 厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司 | Interlayer for sintering hard alloy pressed product for controlling porosity and film thickness |
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