CN110395842A - It is a kind of biology delaying basin and city surface source nitrogen and phosphorus pollution minimizing technology - Google Patents
It is a kind of biology delaying basin and city surface source nitrogen and phosphorus pollution minimizing technology Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110395842A CN110395842A CN201910437141.2A CN201910437141A CN110395842A CN 110395842 A CN110395842 A CN 110395842A CN 201910437141 A CN201910437141 A CN 201910437141A CN 110395842 A CN110395842 A CN 110395842A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- delaying basin
- layer
- described filler
- nitrogen
- biological delaying
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 244000055346 Paulownia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000208671 Campanulaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000004912 1,5-cyclooctadiene Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 97
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 description 4
- 241001448537 Reineckea Species 0.000 description 4
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001617 Vinyon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035568 catharsis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2806—Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
It include packing layer in the biology delaying basin, described filler layer is made of zeolite, paulownia greensand, perlite and biomass powder the present invention relates to a kind of biological delaying basin.Preferably, described filler layer is located at below planting soil layer, by the way that the rainfall runoff of biological delaying basin simulator simulation when raining heavyly is arranged, it was found that the present invention is equipped with the biological delaying basin of packing layer than the delaying basin control group that traditional fine sand planting soil forms, remove or reduce TN, TP in rainfall runoff, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, phosphate, COD, in terms of there is apparent advantage.Especially when described filler layer is by zeolite: perlite: paulownia greensand: when sawdust is mixed according to the volume ratio of 3:2:1:0.3, the effect for purifying pollutant in rainfall runoff is more excellent.The invention further relates to a kind of minimizing technology of the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of city surface source, using aforementioned biological delaying basin, the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in rainfall runoff such as are retained, adsorbed and are degraded the purified treatments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing technology field of nitrogen-phosphorus wastewater, especially a kind of nitrogen phosphorus of biological delaying basin and city surface source
The processing method of pollution.
Background technique
Nitrogen and phosphorus pollution mainly passes through rainwater in city surface source pollution and rainwash washes away different cities underlying surface, passes through
Urban drainage pipe network imports water pollution caused by receiving water body.Biological delaying basin is a kind of by plant, soil and micro- life
Object system stores the facility for seeping, purifying runoff rainwater, has played certain effect in terms of controlling city surface source nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, still
The biological delaying basin of conventional filler method composition has that nitrate nitrogen and soluble phosphate removal effect are unstable.Filler is
The composition of the important component of biological delaying basin, the purification of biological delaying basin and retention effect and filler has substantial connection.Such as
Fruit can filter out the filler of good purification in a variety of fillers, will greatly improve biological delaying basin for city surface source pollution
Treatment effect.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
In order to solve the above problem of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of biological delaying basin, is selected by optimizing to filler
It selects and matched combined, improves biological delaying basin to the removal rate of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate, COD, SS in water.
The invention further relates to use the biological delaying basin to the minimizing technology of the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of city surface source.
(2) technical solution
In order to achieve the above object, the main technical schemes that the present invention uses include:
A kind of biology delaying basin, it includes packing layer, described filler layer is broken by zeolite, paulownia greensand, perlite and biomass
End composition.
A more preferably embodiment according to the present invention, in described filler layer, zeolite: perlite: paulownia greensand: biomass powder
Volume ratio be (2-4): (1-3): (0.5-1.5): (0.2-0.4).
A more preferably embodiment according to the present invention, in described filler layer, zeolite: perlite: paulownia greensand: biomass powder
Volume ratio be 3:2:1:0.3.
A more preferably embodiment according to the present invention, in described filler layer, biomass powder accounts for the 4% of packing volume total amount
~10%.
Preferably, the biomass powder is sawdust or crops campanulaceae powder；Preferably, the sawdust is camphor tree wood
Bits.
A more preferably embodiment according to the present invention, the partial size of each component is 0.25-5mm in described filler layer.
A more preferably embodiment according to the present invention, the biology delaying basin include from top to bottom aquifer, planting soil layer,
Described filler layer and gravel drainage blanket, are mutually separated between described filler layer and planting soil layer with permeable geotextiles, described filler layer
It is mutually separated between gravel drainage blanket with permeable geotextiles；The planting soil layer kind is implanted with plant, and the trunk of the plant is located at
The aquifer；It is embedded with drainpipe in gravel drainage blanket lower part, the first end of the drainpipe is equipped with perforation and buries
It is raised to apart from bottom in the gravel drainage blanket, the second end of the drainpipe is stretched out and raised from the gravel drainage blanket
The position of 450mm, the second end are equipped with water outlet, for that will be discharged through biological delaying basin treated water.
The effect of each layer and each component part in above-mentioned biology delaying basin is as follows:
Wherein, the aquifer is the chief component that biological delaying basin is detained and stores rainfall runoff, and aquifer is adjacent
Connect gathering ground.
Wherein, the planting soil layer is the vitellarium of plant root, and clay content must not exceed 5%, preferably infiltration coefficient
Biggish sand, planting soil layer can select its thickness according to the type of vegetation, and planting soil layer is preferably that fine sand is worked as with Jiaxing
Surface layer soil is mixed according to volume ratio 1:1.The root system of plant that planting soil layer is planted is in the planting soil layer, and plant body
Stem portion is then located in aquifer.On the one hand root system of plant can fix planting soil layer, on the other hand, root system of plant can be absorbed and
Using elements such as nitrogen phosphorus, including nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen contained in rainfall runoff, there are also part in packing layer the anti-nitre of anaerobism
Change bacterium be metabolized generation simultaneously emersion to ammonia nitrogen above.
Wherein, described filler layer major function is the pollutant in filtering and absorption rainfall runoff, using permeability and suction
The good material of attached effect is made of zeolite, paulownia greensand, perlite and biomass powder.Wherein zeolite is good to ammonia nitrogen absorption effect,
Paulownia greensand is good to Phosphate Adsorption effect, and perlite has stronger water imbibition, and biomass powder provides carbon for anti-nitration reaction
Source, biomass powder (preferably sawdust) account for the 4%~10% of packing volume total amount.Biomass powder is excessive then to ammonia nitrogen and phosphoric acid
Salt adsorption effect is deteriorated, and excessively few then denitrifying bacterium carbon source is insufficient.
Wherein, the gravel drainage blanket is made of rubble, is mainly used to collect and discharge treated rainfall runoff, broken
Stone grain diameter is no less than the piercing aperture of the drainpipe first end.
Wherein, it is separated using the permeable geotextiles, to prevent the particle in upper layer from entering understructure with water flow
In.Preferably, the permeable geotextiles are the specification of 200g/ ㎡.
Wherein, the second end of the drainpipe raises the position being raised to apart from bottom 450mm, passes through so that being submerged part
Law of connected vessels forms anaerobism flooding area.
Wherein, the caliber of the drainpipe is designed according to Practical Project situation, and nominal diameter is generally 25~
150mm.Preferably, the perforation of the drainpipe first end, the equidistantly distributed 4 on a circumference, along the drainpipe
4 rows perforation is formed on length direction, is 90 ° per the camber line angle between adjacent two rows.
A more preferably embodiment according to the present invention, the biology delaying basin closes on gathering ground and is arranged, and its cross section
Product is the 5%-10% of gathering ground area, and the area of the gathering ground is no more than 2 hectares.
A more preferably embodiment according to the present invention, the aquifer with a thickness of 200-300mm, the thickness of planting soil layer
For 200mm-400mm, described filler layer with a thickness of 200-600mm, the gravel drainage blanket with a thickness of 250mm-300mm.
A more preferably embodiment according to the present invention is equipped with overflow port on the top of the aquifer, the aquifer
Top is lower than the water surface about 50-150mm of gathering ground.The effect that overflow port is arranged is when preventing heavy or torrential rain because runoff drains not
Freely lead to that flood phenomenon occurs.
The invention further relates to a kind of minimizing technologies of the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of city surface source, use the biology of any of the above-described embodiment
Delaying basin, and preferably the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in rainfall runoff are cut with the biological delaying basin at a temperature of 25-30 DEG C
It the purified treatments such as stays, adsorb and degrades.
(3) beneficial effect
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Biological delaying basin of the invention is equipped with packing layer below planting soil layer, and packing layer is by zeolite, perlite, paulownia
Greensand and biomass powder composition simulate rainfall runoff when raining heavyly, find this hair by the way that biological delaying basin simulator is arranged
The bright biological delaying basin equipped with packing layer is removing or is reducing rainwater than the delaying basin control group that traditional fine sand planting soil forms
TN, TP, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, phosphate, COD, SS etc. have apparent advantage in runoff.Especially work as institute
Stating packing layer is by zeolite: perlite: paulownia greensand: when sawdust is mixed according to the volume ratio of 3:2:1:0.3, being purified in rainfall runoff
The effect of pollutant is more excellent.
It is measured according to biological delaying basin simulator, biological delaying basin of the invention reaches the removal rate of city total nitrogen
32.44%~47.94%, to the removal rate of total phosphorus up to 92.66%~96.53%, to the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen up to 73.59%~
88.41%, to the removal rate of nitrate nitrogen up to 10.29%~48.79%, to the removal rate of nitrite nitrogen up to 15.90%~
29.93%, it is right to the removal rate of COD up to 49.45%~59.38% to phosphatic removal rate up to 90.37%~97.23%
The removal rate of SS is up to 94.12%~98.07%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the biological delaying basin of present pre-ferred embodiments.
Fig. 2 is the drainpipe first end schematic diagram of the biological delaying basin of present pre-ferred embodiments.
Fig. 3 is the simulator experimental group of the biological delaying basin of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the delaying basin simulator control group that traditional fine sand planting soil forms.
Specific embodiment
In order to preferably explain the present invention, in order to understand, with reference to the accompanying drawing, by specific embodiment, to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.
It is shown in Figure 1, it is the structural schematic diagram of the biological delaying basin 100 of present pre-ferred embodiments.The biology is stagnant
Stay pond 100 includes aquifer 10, planting soil layer 20, packing layer 30 and gravel drainage blanket 40 from top to bottom.Packing layer 30 and plantation
It is mutually separated between soil layer 20 with permeable geotextiles 50, with permeable 50 phase of geotextiles point between packing layer 30 and gravel drainage blanket 40
Every.It is embedded with drainpipe 60 in 40 lower part of gravel drainage blanket, the first end 61 of drainpipe 60 is equipped with permeable perforation and is embedded in gravel
In stone drainage blanket 40, the second end 62 of drainpipe 60 stretches out from gravel drainage blanket 40 and raises the position being raised to apart from bottom 450mm
It sets, which is equipped with water outlet, for will treated that water ejects through biological delaying basin 100.20 kinds of planting soil layer plants
There is plant 21, the torso portion of plant is located in aquifer 10.
Above-mentioned biology delaying basin 100 closes on gathering ground and is arranged, and its cross-sectional area is the 5%-10% of gathering ground area,
In general, the area of gathering ground is no more than 2 hectares.Gathering ground is the collection rainfall collecting the natural basin of water or artificially designing
The region of runoff.
The effect of each layer and each component part of above-mentioned biology delaying basin 100 is as follows:
Aquifer 10 is the chief component that biological delaying basin is detained and stores rainfall runoff, and aquifer adjoining is catchmented
Area.Aquifer 10 with a thickness of 200-300mm, top is lower than the water surface about 50-150mm of gathering ground.The top of aquifer is equipped with
Overflow port, because runoff impeded drainage leads to that there is a situation where floods when preventing heavy or torrential rain.
Planting soil layer 20 is the vitellarium of plant root, and clay content must not exceed 5%, the preferably biggish sand of infiltration coefficient
Soil.Planting soil layer 20 can select its thickness according to the type of vegetation, and preferably fine sand and Jiaxing locality topsoil is according to body
Product is mixed than 1:1.Root system of plant is taken root in planting soil layer 20, and the torso portion of plant is then located in aquifer 10.
Therefore, the plant that the plant of 20 kinds of planting soil layer plants need to be moist for happiness, preferably pink reineckea herb.Pink reineckea herb is a kind of perennial evergreen
Herbaceous plant is frequently grown in the case where liking warm and very wet environment, resists cold shade tolerant, adaptable, easily survives, wants to soil
It asks not high, is distributed widely in the ground such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, Yunnan Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi.Planting soil layer 20 with a thickness of 200mm-400mm.
The major function of packing layer 30 is the pollutant in filtering and absorption rainfall runoff, using permeability and adsorption effect
Good material, is made of zeolite, paulownia greensand, perlite and biomass powder, packing layer 30 with a thickness of 200-600mm.It is preferred that
Ground, zeolite therein: perlite: paulownia greensand: biomass powder by volume (2-4): (1-3): (0.5-1.5): (0.2-0.4)
Ratio mix, the partial size of each component is 0.25~5mm so that infiltration coefficient be not less than 10-5m/s.Packing layer
After mixing, it is routed in biological delaying basin 100 and is located at 20 lower section of planting soil layer.Wherein zeolite is to ammonia nitrogen absorption effect
Good, paulownia greensand is good to Phosphate Adsorption effect, and perlite has stronger water imbibition, and biomass powder provides for anti-nitration reaction
Carbon source, biomass powder account for the 4%~10% of packing volume total amount.Biomass powder is excessive then to imitate ammonia nitrogen and Phosphate Adsorption
Fruit is deteriorated, and excessively few then denitrifying bacterium carbon source is insufficient.Preferably, biomass powder therein can be sawdust or agricultural crop straw powder
Deng, be also possible to some algae, it is highly preferred that biomass powder is camphor tree sawdust, and zeolite: perlite: paulownia greensand: camphor tree wood
The ratio for considering 3:2:1:0.3 by volume to be worth doing is mutually mixed.
Gravel drainage blanket 40 is made of rubble, is mainly used to collect and discharge treated rainfall runoff, ballast grain sizes
The no less than permeable piercing aperture of 60 first end 61 of drainpipe.Gravel drainage blanket 40 with a thickness of 250mm-300mm.Gravel row
The thickness of water layer 40 is not particularly limited, but the thickness of gravel drainage blanket 40 at least should be greater than 200mm, and the of drainpipe 60
One end 61 should be located at 200mm hereinafter, with preferably collect that treated rainwater and removal nitrite nitrogen.
Permeable geotextiles 50 separate between planting soil layer 20 and packing layer 30 and packing layer 30 and gravel drainage blanket 40
Between, compartmentation is played, to prevent the particle in upper layer from entering in understructure with water flow.Preferably, the permeable geotechnique
Cloth 50 is the specification of 200g/ ㎡.
The second end 62 of drainpipe 60, which raises the position being raised to apart from bottom 450mm, makes packing layer by law of connected vessels
20 and part below constitute anaerobism flooding area.And packing layer 20 is in anaerobism flooding area.Anaerobism flooding area, for
The breeding and existence metabolism of anaerobic bacteria, such as the growing environment that the offers such as anaerobic denitrifying bacterium are suitable, and in packing layer 30
Biomass powder provides carbon source for anti-nitration reaction.These favorable environment are conducive to anaerobic denitrifying bacterium and keep high activity state,
Nitrate nitrogen contained in water is transformed into ammoniacal nitrogen or nitrogen.
The caliber of drainpipe 60 is designed according to Practical Project situation, and nominal diameter is generally 25~150mm.Section compared with
Drainpipe used in big biological delaying basin is also relatively thick, on the contrary then relatively thin.
Preferably, the perforation in 60 first end 61 of drainpipe is equidistantly distributed 4 on a circumference, as shown in Fig. 2, such as
This is forming 4 rows perforation along 60 length direction of drainpipe, is 90 ° per the camber line angle between adjacent two rows.
In order to verify the advantageous effects of biological delaying basin of the invention, below with the biology of present pre-ferred embodiments
The simulator (see Fig. 3) of delaying basin is as experimental group, the delaying basin simulator formed with traditional fine sand planting soil (see figure
4) it as a control group, simulates when raining heavyly, retention situation of the biological delaying basin to city surface source pollution.
Embodiment 1
In order to measure each layer of biological delaying basin to the main division of labor situation of the catharsis of water pollutant, in simulator
In, along experiment simulation top to the lower part of biological delaying basin, three intakes are set；Wherein, the first intake is set to planting soil
The interface of layer and packing layer, the second intake are set to the interface of packing layer and gravel drainage blanket, and third intake is set to institute
It states gravel drainage blanket lower part and is in sustained height with the first end of the drainpipe.First, second, third intake and draining
The water outlet of pipe second end is used equally for water sample to sample, and water pollutant content is surveyed respectively, such as SS, COD, TN, TP, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus
Situation of change of the hydrochlorate equal size relative to raw water.Raw water is taken from the water in gathering ground, in simulated experiment, manually prepares
Rainwater substitution.
Experimental details are as follows:
1, experimental provision
Using 2 cylindrical column simulation biology delaying basins.Earth pillar is made of organic glass, wall thickness 5mm, diameter 200mm,
High 900mm.
As shown in figure 3, the simulator (experimental group) of the biological delaying basin for present pre-ferred embodiments, Fig. 4 is tradition
Fine sand planting soil composition delaying basin simulator (control group).
Control group: from bottom to up include gravel drainage blanket 90, planting soil layer 80 and aquifer 70, gravel drainage blanket 90 and kind
It plants between soil layer 80 with 200g/m2Permeable geotextiles 50 separate.90 lower end of gravel drainage blanket is embedded at the 50mm of bottom
Drainpipe 60, first end 61 are equipped with permeable perforation and are embedded in gravel drainage blanket 90, and second end 62 is raised to apart from delaying basin
The position of bottom about 450mm simultaneously sets out the mouth of a river 621.At the position 50mm of bottom be equipped with third intake 91, in planting soil
80 bottom of layer are equipped with the second intake 81, set the first intake 82 at 1/2 thickness of planting soil layer 80.Planting soil layer 80 is thin
Sand: Jiaxing locality topsoil=1:1 (volume ratio), the plant planted in planting soil layer 80 are pink reineckea herb.About away from delaying basin top
50mm is equipped with overflow port.Aquifer 70 with a thickness of 200mm, planting soil layer 80 with a thickness of 400mm, the thickness of gravel drainage blanket 90
For 300mm.60 second end 62 of drainpipe is raised apart from bottom 450mm, and the planting soil layer 80 of control group is made by law of connected vessels
1/2 position below be all anaerobism flooding area.The pvc that the nominal diameter of drainpipe 60 is 25mm is managed, piercing aperture 3mm, spacing
20mm symmetrically wears 4 rounds (see Fig. 2).
Experimental group: including gravel drainage blanket 40, packing layer 30, planting soil layer 20 and aquifer 10 from bottom to up.Gravel row
With 200g/m between water layer 40 and packing layer 302Permeable geotextiles 50 separate, between packing layer 30 and planting soil layer 20 with
200g/m2Permeable geotextiles 50 separate.40 lower end of gravel drainage blanket is embedded with drainpipe 60 at the 50mm of bottom, and first
End 61 is equipped with permeable perforation and is embedded in gravel drainage blanket 40, and second end 62 is raised to the position that distance is detained bottom of pond portion about 450mm
It sets and sets out the mouth of a river 621.It is taken being equipped with third intake 41 at the position 50mm of bottom, being equipped with second in 30 bottom of packing layer
The mouth of a river 31 is equipped with the first intake 21 in 20 bottom of planting soil layer.Planting soil layer 20 is fine sand: Jiaxing locality topsoil=1:1
(volume ratio), the plant planted in planting soil layer 20 are pink reineckea herb.Packing layer is zeolite: perlite: paulownia greensand: camphor tree sawdust=
(3:2:1:0.3 volume ratio).Overflow port is equipped with away from about 50mm at the top of delaying basin.Aquifer 10 is with a thickness of 200mm, planting soil layer 20
With a thickness of 200mm, packing layer 20 with a thickness of 200mm, gravel drainage blanket 40 with a thickness of 300mm.60 second end of drainpipe
62 raise apart from bottom 450mm, make packing layer 30 by law of connected vessels and its are all anaerobism flooding area below.Drainpipe 60
The pvc that nominal diameter is 25mm is managed, and piercing aperture 3mm, spacing 20mm symmetrically wear 4 rounds (see Fig. 2).
2, the method for sampling in experiment
According to above-mentioned simulator, each layer is loaded into earth pillar.After filler loads, into startup stage, mainly
Purpose is to rinse each layer in earth pillar and be allowed to filling uniformly, the microorganism in culture, stable packing layer 30.Startup stage water inlet is adopted
With tap water, each device is intake 1 time daily, 15L of intaking every time.After one week, after device stable effluent quality, into examination
Test the stage.
Have out that stream starts to calculate in water outlet 621, respectively in 0,5,10,20,30,60,90,120min sampling, and the
When 30min, successively acquire respectively the first intake (21,82), the second intake (31,81), third intake (41,91) go out
Water.It is (every if being also discharged after 120min to amount to 16 samples for experimental group and control group, 2 devices, 8 sampling time points
60min acquisition is primary, until without water outlet.But if to not just being discharged before 120min, then not recording nothing
Water discharging time).After beginning with the 30min that water outlet starts calculating with the first intake (21,82), acquisition different depth second is fetched water
The water outlet of mouth (31,81), third intake (41,91), two devices amount to 6 samples.Acquisition first wife's water is made before water distribution starts
For raw water sample (1 sample).Water distribution is manually prepared, the rainwater for being convergeed in gathering ground after simulated rainfall；One
Simulated rainfall acquires about 23 samples altogether, and common mode intends 4 heavy rain.Prepared rainwater pours at the top of earth pillar, infiltrates to gravel
Drainage blanket is finally collected and is discharged using drainpipe, and the water sample of acquisition is contained with vinyon bottle, after sampling 2~5 DEG C it is cold
Hiding saves, and in interior analysis for 24 hours.
3, experimental result
Due to the difference of sampling time point, interval range is presented in the analysis detection result of water sample.
Control group: being 25.58%~40.13% to the removal rate of total nitrogen, the removal rate to total phosphorus is 64.14%~
94.37%, the removal rate to ammonia nitrogen is 71.51%~77.48%, and the removal rate to nitrate nitrogen is 7.48%~34.89%,
Negative value is essentially to the removal of nitrite nitrogen, is 53.22%~94.91% to phosphatic removal rate, to the removal rate of COD
It is 10.29%~40.00%, the removal rate to SS is 83.35%~94.39%.
Experimental group: being 40.23%~47.94% to the removal rate of total nitrogen, the removal rate to total phosphorus is 94.45%~
96.53%, it is 76.51%~88.41% to the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, the removal rate to nitrate nitrogen is 22.25%~
48.79%, be 20.15%~29.93% to the removal rate of nitrite nitrogen, to phosphatic removal rate be 93.56%~
97.23%, the removal rate to COD is 55.69%~59.38%, and the removal rate to SS is 95.47%~98.07%.
From the experimental results, the present invention contains the new of the packing layer being made of zeolite, perlite, paulownia greensand and sawdust
Type biology delaying basin, compared to the control group of fine sand planting soil composition, to city surface source pollution object space contained in rainfall runoff
Face, advantage and effect are more apparent.
In addition, by being taken out from the first intake (21,82), the second intake (31,81), third intake (41,91)
Water sample analysis detection and compare, find:
The removal of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen is mainly concentrated mainly on planting soil layer in anaerobism flooding area, total phosphorus and phosphatic removal
20 and packing layer 30, mainly in packing layer 30 and anaerobism flooding area, the removal of nitrite nitrogen mainly collects for the removal of ammonia nitrogen and COD
In in gravel drainage blanket 40, the removal of SS is mainly in planting soil layer 20.
It therefore, can be with specific reference to rainfall runoff to be processed in the biological delaying basin of design removal city surface source pollution
In contained major pollutants difference, be arranged corresponding biology be detained pool structure or reconcile the thickness of each layer, each group in packing layer
Ratio, the depth of anaerobism flooding area etc. divided.For example, in a certain city, ammonia nitrogen and when higher COD content in rainfall runoff,
The thickness of packing layer can be increased, improve the ratio that packing layer accounts for biological delaying basin total depth；As SS higher in rainfall runoff,
Planting soil layer thickness can then be increased；When total nitrogen in rainfall runoff and high nitrate nitrogen content, the thickness of packing layer can be raised, and
The anaerobism flooding area of 450mm high is set；When total phosphorus in rainfall runoff and more prominent phosphate content, then it can increase packing layer
With the thickness and proportion of planting soil layer；And when rainfall runoff Content of Nitrite Nitrogen is higher, then it can increase gravel row
The thickness of water layer, and drainpipe is embedded in the position that gravel drainage blanket leans on bottom.
The present invention is by raising the water outlet height of the drainpipe of biological delaying basin, with law of connected vessels inside delaying basin
Constitute the anaerobism flooding area of 450mm high, the presence of the anaerobism flooding area, for total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen
Removal with COD is significantly improved, to the removal of total phosphorus and SS then without positive effect.
In addition, the zeolite in filled layer 30 is to ammonia nitrogen absorption effect, paulownia greensand to phosphatic adsorption effect etc. and temperature
There is certain relationship, and zeolite is 1.43mg/g to the saturated extent of adsorption of ammonia nitrogen at 25-30 DEG C, paulownia greensand is to phosphatic saturation
Adsorbance is 1.33mg/g, and adsorption effect is preferable.Therefore, biological delaying basin preferably working environment of the invention is 25-30
DEG C, more excellent is 25 DEG C, and the purified treatments such as can be retained, adsorbed and be degraded to the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in rainfall runoff.
Claims (11)
1. it is a kind of biology delaying basin, which is characterized in that it is described biology delaying basin in include packing layer, described filler layer by zeolite,
Paulownia greensand, perlite and biomass powder composition.
2. a kind of biological delaying basin according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in described filler layer, zeolite: perlite:
Paulownia greensand: the volume ratio of biomass powder is (2-4): (1-3): (0.5-1.5): (0.2-0.4).
3. a kind of biological delaying basin according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in described filler layer, zeolite: perlite:
Paulownia greensand: the volume ratio of biomass powder is 3:2:1:0.3.
4. a kind of biological delaying basin according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in described filler layer, biomass powder is accounted for
The 4%~10% of packing volume total amount；The biomass powder is sawdust or crops campanulaceae powder.
5. a kind of biological delaying basin according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the partial size of each component is in described filler layer
0.25-5mm。
6. a kind of biological delaying basin according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the biology delaying basin includes from top to bottom
Aquifer, planting soil layer, described filler layer and gravel drainage blanket, with permeable geotextiles phase between described filler layer and planting soil layer
Separate, is mutually separated between described filler layer and gravel drainage blanket with permeable geotextiles；The planting soil layer kind is implanted with plant, described
The trunk of plant is located at the aquifer；Drainpipe, the first end of the drainpipe are embedded in gravel drainage blanket lower part
Equipped with perforating and being embedded in the gravel drainage blanket, the second end of the drainpipe is stretched out and is raised from the gravel drainage blanket
It is raised to the position apart from bottom 450mm, which is equipped with water outlet, for that will be discharged through biological delaying basin treated water.
7. a kind of biological delaying basin according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the biology delaying basin close on gathering ground and
Setting, and its cross-sectional area is the 5%-10% of gathering ground area, the area of the gathering ground is no more than 2 hectares.
8. a kind of biological delaying basin according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the aquifer with a thickness of 200-
300mm, planting soil layer with a thickness of 200mm-400mm, described filler layer with a thickness of 200-600mm, the gravel drainage blanket
With a thickness of 250mm-300mm.
9. a kind of biological delaying basin according to claim 6, which is characterized in that be equipped with overflow on the top of the aquifer
Mouthful, the top of the aquifer is lower than the water surface about 50-150mm of gathering ground.
10. a kind of minimizing technology of the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of city surface source, which is characterized in that use any one of the claims 1-8
The biological delaying basin, the purified treatment that nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants contained in rainfall runoff are retained, degraded or adsorbed.
11. minimizing technology according to claim 10, which is characterized in that stagnant with the biology at a temperature of 25-30 DEG C
Stay pond.
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