CN110391044A - A kind of flexible wire based on composite liquefied metal - Google Patents
A kind of flexible wire based on composite liquefied metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110391044A CN110391044A CN201810360476.4A CN201810360476A CN110391044A CN 110391044 A CN110391044 A CN 110391044A CN 201810360476 A CN201810360476 A CN 201810360476A CN 110391044 A CN110391044 A CN 110391044A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/0009—Details relating to the conductive cores
- H01B7/0027—Liquid conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/18—Means for temperature control
- B01L2300/1805—Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks
- B01L2300/1827—Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks using resistive heater
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of flexible wire based on composite liquefied metal, including external flexible substrate, composite liquefied metal and lead;The external flexible substrate wraps up composite liquefied metal completely or partially;The composite liquefied metal is two or more different metal, wherein there is more than one metal to keep liquid at normal temperature, the metal is elemental metals or alloy;The lead is connect with the composite liquefied metal, is connect for extending to composite liquefied metal segments with external equipment.The present invention provides a kind of flexible wire based on composite liquefied metal, and external flexible substrate and liquid metal greatly improve the flexibility of above-mentioned conducting wire.And composite liquefied metal is remarkably improved the service life and job stability of conducting wire, extends its working range because of the complementarity between its metal component.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to conductive material fields, and in particular to a kind of conducting wire based on liquid metal.
Background technique
Flexible electronic device becomes market in recent years and hot spot that technical field is chased due to its wide application prospect
One of.Since flexible electronic devices are not only able to satisfy requirement of the mankind for wearable device or implanted equipment, or production
The necessary part of flexible robot, and most basic unit of the conducting wire as any electronic equipment, the performance for improving conducting wire have weight
Big meaning.
Flexible wire main problem includes that service life is short at present, is difficult to work normally in adverse circumstances, stability difference etc.
Problem.Therefore flexible wire is optimized be flexible electronic devices production one of important process.Using based on composite liquefied
The flexible wire of metal can efficiently solve the disadvantages of electrode life is short, stability is poor, can significantly extend the suitable of flexible wire
Use range.Patent CN201610460935.7 proposes a kind of flexible wire, including insulating protective layer and is set in insulating protective layer
Conductor wire core, conductor wire core includes conductive unit, and conductive unit includes metalized fibers and wire, the wire
Material is selected from copper, silver, aluminium, nickel, cobalt, gold.The material that the technology is used as conductive core is solid-state at normal temperature, causes conducting wire can not
Deformation, conventional copper product also easily snap off, therefore service life is short, interference free performance is poor, working range is limited.Liquid metal
It is now to study gallium-base alloy except the mercury of a small number of simple substance, gallium, rubidium, caesium etc. more, such as gallium relation by marriage alloy (indium 25%, fusing point are 16 DEG C), gallium tin
Alloy (tin 8%, 20 DEG C of fusing point) etc., electric conductivity, thermal conductivity, deformability, the ductility of liquid metal are better than other metals, but
It is the problem of will appear fracture under the bending of pure liquid metal conducting wire in big pressure and repeatedly, it can be significantly using composition metal
Improve this problem.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
In order to solve the problems such as above-mentioned flexible wire service life is short, interference free performance is poor, working range is limited, the present invention
Be designed to provide a kind of flexible, long service life and the composite liquefied gold under all kinds of working environments can be widely applied to
Belong to conducting wire.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the applications of the composite liquefied plain conductor.
(2) technical solution
Realize the technical solution of above-mentioned purpose of the present invention are as follows:
A kind of flexible wire based on composite liquefied metal, including external flexible substrate, composite liquefied metal and lead;
The external flexible substrate wraps up composite liquefied metal completely or partially;
The composite liquefied metal is two or more different metal, wherein there is more than one metal to keep at normal temperature
Liquid, the metal are elemental metals or alloy;
The lead is connect with the composite liquefied metal, is connected for extending to composite liquefied metal segments with external equipment
It connects.
The technology that package external flexible substrate uses is existing processing method, such as pressure sintering, photoetching technique, stamped method
Deng.
Further, the composite liquefied metal is two or more different metal, and wherein at least one metal is bismuthino
One of alloy, copper, silver, gold, platinum, at least one metal are gallium-base alloy or mercury.
Wherein, the material of the external flexible substrate is dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS), 1,1,2,2- tetraphenyl ethylene
(TPE), one of urethane methacrylate (PUMA) or a variety of.
A preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the composite liquefied metal is by being segmented liquid under the room temperature of alternate setting
The metal wire sections that solid metallic forms under state metal and room temperature, liquid metal have n sections, and solid metallic has n+1 sections, the metal wire
The both ends of section are solid metallic under room temperature, and n is 1 or the integer greater than 1.
Wherein, it is 5 μm to 500 μm that cylindrical or prismatic, cylindrical diameter of section, which is made, in the composite liquefied metal,
Prismatic section side length is 5-500 μm, and length can according to the actual situation, and from 1 millimeter to centimetres, preparation method includes
Injection method (being suitable for liquid), sputtering method, vapour deposition method etc..
Another kind optimal technical scheme of the invention is that the composite liquefied metal is by liquid metal under 2~3 layers of room temperature and often
The lower solid metallic composition of temperature, liquid metal and the alternate arrangement of solid metallic.
Wherein, prismatic line segment is made in the composite liquefied metal, and section side length is 10 μm~200 μm, liquid metal
The thickness of layer and solid metallic layer is 10~100 μm independently of each other.
The length of composite liquefied metal wire sections can according to the actual situation, and from 1 millimeter to centimetres, preparation method includes
Injection method (being suitable for liquid metal), sputtering method, vapour deposition method etc..
Another optimal technical scheme of the invention is that the composite liquefied metal is by solid under liquid metal under room temperature and room temperature
State metal forms, and solid metallic is dispersed under the room temperature in liquid metal under the room temperature with drops, solid metallic liquid
Dripping size is 100-1000 microns.
Another optimal technical scheme of the invention is that solid metallic includes low-melting-point metal and high-melting-point gold under the room temperature
Belonging to, metal wire sections are made in liquid metal layering or step-by-step arrangement, the composite liquefied metal under the low-melting-point metal and room temperature,
Refractory metal is located at the both ends of composite liquefied metal wire sections;
The fusing point of the low-melting-point metal is 50~100 DEG C, and the fusing point of the refractory metal is 100~200 DEG C.
Application of the flexible wire of the present invention based on composite liquefied metal in electronic equipment manufacturing.
Application of the flexible wire of the present invention based on composite liquefied metal in electronic equipment manufacturing.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention provides a kind of flexible wire based on composite liquefied metal, and external flexible substrate and liquid metal are greatly
Improve the flexibility of above-mentioned conducting wire.And composite liquefied metal is remarkably improved conducting wire because of the complementarity between its metal component
Service life and job stability, extend its working range.The flexible wire is easy to process and produces in batches;Life is selected simultaneously
The good material of object compatibility can apply conducting wire on biomedical devices.Such as it is made into PCR polymerase chain reaction device, it should
Reactor needs to provide different warm areas, and flexible wire can be used as adding thermal resistance and generate Joule heat, forms different warm areas.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of single-layer type gallium base-bismuthino composite liquefied metal flexible wire structure chart
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure chart of single-layer type solid-state-liquid composite liquefied metal flexible wire,
Fig. 3 a is the structure chart of two-layer equation gallium base-bismuthino composite liquefied metal flexible wire,
Fig. 3 b is three-layer type gallium base-bismuthino composite liquefied metal flexible wire structure chart.
Fig. 4 is a kind of flexible wire structure chart of drop formula gallium base-composite liquefied metal of bismuthino.
Fig. 5 is a kind of flexible wire structure chart of more composite liquefied metals of solid-state-liquid.
In figure, 1, external flexible substrate;2, solid metallic;3, liquid metal;4, lead.5, low melting point solid metallic, 6,
High-melting-point solid metallic.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate the present invention below by most preferred embodiment.Those skilled in the art institute it should be understood that, embodiment is only used to
It illustrates rather than for limiting the scope of the invention.
In embodiment, unless otherwise instructed, means used are the means of this field routine.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1 is that a kind of single-layer type gallium base-composite liquefied metal of bismuthino of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention is soft
Property conducting wire, comprising: external flexible substrate 1, bismuth-base alloy constitute solid metallic 2, liquid metal 3, lead 4.Shadow part in Fig. 1
It is divided into composite liquefied metal wire sections, the solid metallic section that bismuth-base alloy is constituted is located at the both ends of the composite liquefied metal wire sections, gallium
(gallium-indium alloy: mass ratio is the gallium and indium of 75.5:24.5 to based alloy, with heating water bath to 100 DEG C, then obtains the conjunction of room temperature liquid
Golden GaIn24.5) the liquid metal section that is formed is located at the centres of metal wire sections.The material of the external flexible substrate is poly dimethyl
Siloxanes (PDMS).In the present embodiment, cylinder is made in composite liquefied metal, and diameter of section is 10 μm, and length can be according to reality
Border situation, from 1 millimeter to centimetres, preparation method is that injection method (being suitable for liquid metal) and sputtering method combine.
At normal temperature, gallium-base alloy is liquid, and bismuth-base alloy is solid-state, thus the complementation in forming properties.As schemed
It states, when ambient pressure is applied on conducting wire, will lead to external flexible substrate and deform, squeeze and be encapsulated in internal gallium base conjunction
Golden section.And pressure it is excessive when, gallium base liquid metal is probably squeezed out from flexible parent metal along lead, so as to cause leading
Line failure.And the bismuth-base alloy section of composite liquefied plain conductor due at normal temperature be solid-state, can obstruct gallium-base alloy section to
Outer spilling, to improve the compressive property and service life of conducting wire.Lead is kept in contact with composite liquefied metal, can will be flexible
Conducting wire is extended.
The pure liquid metal conducting wire and the composite liquefied plain conductor of the present embodiment of across comparison, composite liquefied plain conductor
The pressure being resistant to expands 1 times or more under the same conditions.
This flexible wire is used to prepare PCR polymerase chain reaction device, which needs to provide different warm areas, this flexibility
Conducting wire generates Joule heat as adding thermal resistance, forms different warm areas.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is that a kind of single-layer type solid-state-composite liquefied metal of liquid of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention is soft
Property conducting wire, comprising: external flexible substrate 1, solid metallic 2, liquid metal 3, lead 4.The material of the external flexible substrate is
Dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS).Four prism type is made in composite liquefied metal, and section side length is 200 microns of 30 μ m, preparation side
Method is that injection method (being suitable for liquid metal) and sputtering method combine.
Dash area is composite liquefied metal wire sections in Fig. 2, at normal temperature includes solid metallic section and liquid metal section (gallium
Based alloy Ga67In20.5Sn12.5, the liquid alloy be heating temperature be 240 DEG C at be formulated).In the present embodiment, liquid
Metal has 4 sections, and solid metallic has 5 sections, at normal temperature, the complementation in two kinds of metal forming properties.As shown in figure 3, when extraneous pressure
When power is applied on conducting wire, it will lead to external flexible substrate and deform, squeeze and be encapsulated in internal composite liquefied metal.Due to
Composite liquefied metal segments are the alternate form of solid metallic-liquid metal, therefore not will lead to still even if ambient pressure is larger
Liquid metal overflows.Meanwhile even if there is crack and can also be filled by liquid metal in the compression of solid metallic section.Lead 4 and complex liquid
State metal is kept in contact, and can extend flexible wire.
Using structure ibid, Ga is can also be used in liquid metal62In25Sn13, Ga68.5In21.5Sn10, Ga62.5In21.5Sn16,
Its fusing point is liquid under room temperature in 11 degrees centigrades.
Embodiment 3
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention is, a kind of flexibility of multiple field gallium base-composite liquefied metal of bismuthino is led
Line, comprising: external flexible substrate 1, solid metallic 2, liquid metal 3, lead 4.Composite liquefied metal is by 2 layers (Fig. 3 a) or 3 layers
Liquid metal 3 and solid metallic 2 under (Fig. 3 b) room temperature form, liquid metal 3 and the alternate arrangement of solid metallic 2.Shade in figure
Part is composite liquefied metal segments.
Three-decker manufactured in the present embodiment can further improve the functional reliability of flexible heat production conducting wire.Wherein, solid-state
Metal is bismuth-base alloy (Bi32.5In51Sn16.5, fusing point is 60 degrees Celsius), with a thickness of 10 microns, liquid metal is gallium-base alloy
(Ga62In25Sn13Fusing point is 11 degrees Celsius) with a thickness of 10 microns.At normal temperature, the complementation in two kinds of metal forming properties.It is external
The material of flexible parent metal is dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS).Composite liquefied metal is made into four prism type, and section width is 100 μm,
A height of 30 μm, length can according to the actual situation, and from 1 millimeter to centimetres, preparation method includes that injection method (is suitable for liquid
Metal) and sputtering method combination.
When pressure is applied on conducting wire, flexible parent metal and composite liquefied metal can deform, and illustrate multiple field
Electrode structure can guarantee that gallium-base alloy is not overflowed with conducting wire, if while bismuth-base alloy be broken in deformation, gallium-base alloy
Also the gap that filling bismuth-base alloy section generates can be flowed into, therefore the structure of multiple field both can guarantee the flexibility of combination electrode, also can
Guarantee effective connection of conducting wire.
Embodiment 4
Fig. 4 is a kind of the soft of drop formula gallium base-composite liquefied metal of bismuthino of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention
Property conducting wire, comprising: external flexible substrate 1, solid metallic 2, liquid metal 3, lead 4.The material of the external flexible substrate is
Dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS).
Dash area is composite liquefied metal segments in Fig. 4, and the solid metallic under room temperature is constituted selected from bismuthino metal, liquid gold
Belonging to is gallium-base alloy.Solid metallic 2 is dispersed in liquid metal 3 with drops, and gallium-base alloy is wrapped in be deposited with drops
Bismuth-base alloy form composite liquefied plain conductor, the size distributed area of drop is 100-500 microns.At normal temperature, two
Complementation in kind metal forming properties.As shown in figure 4, will lead to external flexible substrate when ambient pressure is applied on conducting wire
It deforms, squeezes and be encapsulated in internal composite liquefied metal.Compared to embodiment 2, solid bismuth-base alloy is with spherical interval
It is distributed in the gallium-base alloy of liquid, not will lead to gallium-base alloy and obstructed completely by bismuth-base alloy, but between being able to achieve
The effective intercommunication in part.Therefore, the flexible pressure-resistant conducting wire is compared with embodiment 2, and flexibility is more preferable, but crushing resistance can decline, therefore
The composite liquefied plain conductor of drop formula is the compromise selection between flexible and crushing resistance.Lead 4 and composite liquefied metal
It is kept in contact, flexible wire can be extended.
Embodiment 5
Fig. 5 is that a kind of flexibility of more composite liquefied metals of solid-state-liquid of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention is led
Line, comprising: external flexible substrate 1, low melting point solid metallic 5, liquid metal 3, high-melting-point solid metallic 6, lead 4.It is external soft
Property substrate material be dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS).
The dash area of Fig. 5 is composite liquefied metal segments, at normal temperature includes: by 60 degrees Celsius of fusing point of bismuth-base alloy structure
At low melting point solid metallic 5, the liquid metal 3 being made of 11 degrees Celsius of gallium-base alloys of fusing point, by pure indium, (fusing point 156 is Celsius
Degree) constitute high-melting-point solid metallic 6.When conducting wire is pressurized, liquid metal ensure that the flexibility of conducting wire, and refractory metal is protected
It has demonstrate,proved liquid metal and has been less prone to spilling, so that conducting wire still can work normally when being pressurized.When conducting wire carries out heat production, liquid
State metal is easy to generate gap at high temperature to open circuit occur, and low melting point solid metallic will become liquid at high temperature, fill out
The gap that liquid metal generates is mended, high-melting-point solid metallic continues to keep solid-state since fusing point is higher, which can be
In the case where high temperature or heat production, continue to bear pressure.Therefore, the composite liquefied metal electrode that should be formed based on three kinds of metals can be with
It is worked normally being pressurized under the dual environment with high temperature.
Existing liquid metal conducting wire, be heated 50-60 degree be broken, the present embodiment flexible wire heating reach 125 degree with
On, it will not still be broken.
It is worth noting that, the above-mentioned flexible wire based on composite liquefied metal can further expand, introduce more
Metal species simultaneously design different conducting wire internal structures according to the actual situation to improve service life and be promoted working performance.
Above embodiment be only preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, not to the scope of the present invention into
Row limits, and without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, this field ordinary engineering and technical personnel is to technical side of the invention
The all variations and modifications that case is made, should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of flexible wire based on composite liquefied metal, which is characterized in that including external flexible substrate, composite liquefied metal
And lead;
The external flexible substrate wraps up composite liquefied metal completely or partially;
The composite liquefied metal is two or more different metal, wherein there is more than one metal to keep liquid at normal temperature
State, the metal are elemental metals or alloy;
The lead is connect with the composite liquefied metal, is connect for extending to composite liquefied metal segments with external equipment.
2. the flexible wire according to claim 1 based on composite liquefied metal, which is characterized in that the composite liquefied gold
Belong to be two or more different metals, wherein at least one metal be one of bismuth-base alloy, copper, silver, gold, platinum, at least one
Kind metal is gallium-base alloy or mercury.
3. the flexible wire according to claim 1 based on composite liquefied metal, which is characterized in that the external flexible base
The material of material is dimethyl silicone polymer, 1,1,2,2- tetraphenyl ethylene, one of urethane methacrylate or a variety of.
4. described in any item flexible wires based on composite liquefied metal according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that described
The metal wire sections that composite liquefied metal is made of solid metallic under liquid metal under the room temperature of the alternate setting of segmentation and room temperature, liquid
State metal has n sections, and solid metallic has n+1 sections, and the both ends of the metal wire sections are solid metallic under room temperature, and n is 1 or greater than 1
Integer.
5. the flexible wire according to claim 4 based on composite liquefied metal, which is characterized in that the composite liquefied gold
Cylindrical or prismatic line segment is made in category, and cylindrical diameter of section is 5 μm to 500 μm, and prismatic section side length is 5-
500μm。
6. described in any item flexible wires based on composite liquefied metal according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that described
Composite liquefied metal is made of solid metallic under liquid metal under 2~3 layers of room temperature and room temperature, and liquid metal and solid metallic are alternate
Arrangement.
7. the flexible wire according to claim 6 based on composite liquefied metal, which is characterized in that the composite liquefied gold
Prismatic line segment is made in category, and section side length is 10 μm to 200 microns, and the thickness of liquid-metal layer and solid metallic layer is only mutually
It is on the spot 10~100 microns.
8. described in any item flexible wires based on composite liquefied metal according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that described
Composite liquefied metal is made of solid metallic under liquid metal under room temperature and room temperature, and solid metallic is under the room temperature with drops
It is dispersed under the room temperature in liquid metal, solid metallic droplet size is 100~1000 μm.
9. described in any item flexible wires based on composite liquefied metal according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that described
Solid metallic includes low-melting-point metal and refractory metal under room temperature, under the low-melting-point metal and room temperature liquid metal layering or
Metal wire sections are made in step-by-step arrangement, the composite liquefied metal, and refractory metal is located at the both ends of composite liquefied metal wire sections;
The fusing point of the low-melting-point metal is 50~100 DEG C, and the fusing point of the refractory metal is 100~200 DEG C.
10. the answering in electronic equipment manufacturing of the flexible wire based on composite liquefied metal according to any one of claims 1 to 9
With.
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CN115559019A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-03 | 苏州大学 | Elastic piezoresistive strain sensing fiber and preparation method and application thereof |
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