CN110384021A

CN110384021A - Ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method

Info

Publication number: CN110384021A
Application number: CN201810363501.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙亚娟
Original assignee: Hulun Buir Yixiang Economic Plant Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hulun Buir Yixiang Economic Plant Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-04-21
Filing date: 2018-04-21
Publication date: 2019-10-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of ganoderma lucidum geography cultural methods.For ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method the following steps are included: preparing cultivating bacteria bag, cultivating bacteria bag includes bacterium bag, compost and culture water, and compost includes hardwood sawdust, wheat bran, bean powder, and corn flour, lime, remaining is gypsum or urea；Compost is added to culture water after mixing to stir evenly and be put into bacterium bag up to cultivating bacteria bag；To cultivating bacteria bag sterilization treatment；It is spare that desinfection chamber cooling is placed on after cultivating bacteria bag is taken out out of normal-pressure sterilizing pot；Lucidum strain is seeded in cultivating bacteria bag, the bacterium bag after inoculation is placed on Fluctuation temperature culture in desinfection chamber until strain covers with；Tired bacterium, drops to 15 DEG C -18 DEG C tired bacterium 10 days for temperature；Buried sesame out, opens up ridge-up bed, will be put into ridge-up bed after the cultivating bacteria bag for covering with bacterium removing bacterium bag.Ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method provided by the invention, improves the yield and quality that extremely frigid zones cultivate ganoderma lucidum, and the effect of property that ensure that ganoderma lucidum protects human health.

Description

Ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of edible fungi cultivation more particularly to a kind of ganoderma lucidum geography cultural methods.

Background technique

Ganoderma lucidum shape is in umbrella, and it is the fructification of On Polyporaceae ganoderma lucidum that cap, which is kidney shape, semicircle or subcircular,. With invigorating qi for tranquilization, relieving cough and asthma effect, for pharmacological actions abundant such as dizziness egersis, shortness of breath and palpitation, consumptive disease cough and asthmas.

In the prior art, at present in ganoderma lucidum artificial cultivation, what is mostly used is ground planting training, i.e., is directly placed in ground for bacterium bag On face, not earthing.Inventor has found that the above method has the disadvantage that in extremely frigid zones during realizing innovation and creation It is middle that the pollution by miscellaneous bacteria is easy using ground planting training, pest and disease damage is bred, pest and disease damage is prevented and treated by way of application and is easy to make spirit Sesame is contaminated, causes ganoderma lucidum product to contain pesticide and heavy-metal residual, the quality and yield of ganoderma lucidum not can guarantee, the function of ganoderma lucidum Effect property reduces, or even does harm to huamn body.

Therefore, it is necessary to solve above-mentioned technical problem.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method, to solve problems of the prior art, improves high and coldly The yield and quality of area's cultivating ganoderma guarantees ganoderma lucidum the effect of property, guarantees the edible health of ganoderma lucidum.

The present invention provides a kind of ganoderma lucidum geography cultural methods, comprising the following steps: prepares cultivating bacteria bag, the cultivation bacterium Bag includes bacterium bag, compost and culture water, the compost include following 80% hardwood sawdust by weight percentage, The bean powder of the wheat bran of 8%-15%, 1%-2%, the corn flour of 2%-8%, the lime of 1%-1.5%, remaining is gypsum or urine Element；The culture water is added in the compost after mixing and stirs evenly and be put into the bacterium bag cultivating bacteria bag to obtain the final product, The culture water accounts for the 60%-65% of the compost and the culture water total weight；It, will to the cultivating bacteria bag sterilization treatment The cultivating bacteria bag, which is placed in normal-pressure sterilizing pot, persistently to be heated the bacterium bag until the bacterium bag temperature reaches 100 DEG C and ties up Stop heating after 10 hours of state for holding 100 DEG C；It is placed on after the bacterium bag is taken out out of described normal-pressure sterilizing pot sterile Room cooling is spare；Lucidum strain is seeded in the cultivating bacteria bag, the cultivating bacteria bag after inoculation is placed on the nothing Fluctuation temperature culture in bacterium room is until strain covers with；Tired bacterium, drops to 15 DEG C -18 DEG C tired bacterium 10 days for temperature, and the cultivating bacteria bag is tired It is placed on after bacterium outdoor 3-5 days；Buried sesame out, opens up ridge-up bed, will be put into the ridge-up bed after the cultivating bacteria bag removing bacterium bag Interior, covering earthing material is the cultivation for completing ganoderma lucidum.

Optionally, the Fluctuation temperature culture includes: that the 1-3 days temperature are sprouted in 27 DEG C of promotion strains, and temperature exists within the 4-15 days 24 DEG C, the 16-30 days temperature are at 22 DEG C, and temperature is between 18 DEG C -20 DEG C within the 30-45 days.

It optionally, further include preparing the earthing material, comprising the following steps:

Optionally, the soil taken out when opening up the ridge-up bed is obtained into earth material, the sieve of the material screen after material screen screens Hole is set as 8 × 8mm；The earth material of 40% by weight percentage, 30% fine sand, 30% decomposed pine needle are mixed The earthing material can be obtained after closing uniformly.

Optionally, further include that the earthing material is exposed to the sun 5-7 days under direct sunlight light, at least stirred during being exposed to the sun The earthing material is twice.

Optionally, the compost include following 80% hardwood sawdust by weight percentage, 15% wheat bran, 1% bean powder, 2% corn flour, 1% lime, 1% gypsum.

Optionally, the compost includes following 80% hardwood sawdust by weight percentage, 8% wheat bran, 2% bean powder, 8% corn flour, 1.5% lime, 0.5% urea.

Optionally, the range of the pH value of the compost are as follows: 7≤PH≤8.5.

Optionally, the bacterium bag be polyethylene plastic bag, the polyethylene plastic bag with a thickness of 0.06mm ± 0.005mm。

Optionally, the ridge-up bed can be provided in Small plastic shed or greenhouse.

Optionally, the temperature setting in the Small plastic shed or the greenhouse is at 15 DEG C -32 DEG C, and illumination is scattering light, thoroughly Light rate 40%, relative air humidity are arranged between 80%-90%.

Ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method provided by the invention after compost puts into bacterium bag, has carried out up to 10 hours bacterium bag Sterilizing, prevent bacterium bag by living contaminants, after the bacteria stick for sloughing bacterium bag is buried, conducive to mycelia absorb soil in nutrition, Promote mycelia healthy growth, while preventing extraneous living contaminants, earthing material can be improved in the decomposed pine needle in later period earthing material It is ventilative, grown conducive to mycelia and further avoid ganoderma lucidum by living contaminants, improve the yield that extremely frigid zones cultivate ganoderma lucidum And quality, the effect of property that ensure that ganoderma lucidum and edible health.

Detailed description of the invention

It below will be by preferred embodiment in attached drawing the present invention is described in detail, to help the purpose of the present invention and excellent is understood Point, in which:

Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method that the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides.

Specific embodiment

It mentions in the present specification or up, down, left, right, before and after, front, the back side, top, the bottom that may mention etc. Positional terms are defined relative to each construction shown in the drawings, and word "inner" and "outside" refer respectively to direction or remote From the direction of geometric center of specific component, they are opposite concepts, and it is therefore possible to can different location, difference according to locating for it Use state and correspondingly changed.So also these or other positional terms should not be construed to restricted use Language.

Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method that the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides.As shown in Figure 1, of the invention Provide a kind of ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method, comprising the following steps: S1: preparing cultivating bacteria bag, the cultivating bacteria bag include bacterium bag, Compost and culture water, the compost include following 80% hardwood sawdust, 8%-15% by weight percentage The bean powder of wheat bran, 1%-2%, the corn flour of 2%-8%, the lime of 1%-1.5%, remaining is gypsum or urea；By the training The culture water is added after mixing and stirs evenly and is put into up to the cultivating bacteria bag in the bacterium bag for nutriment, and the culture water accounts for The 60%-65% of the compost and the culture water gross mass；S2: to the cultivating bacteria bag sterilization treatment, by the bacterium bag It is placed in normal-pressure sterilizing pot and the bacterium bag is persistently heated until the bacterium bag temperature reaches 100 DEG C and maintains 100 DEG C of shape Stop heating after 10 hours of state；It is cooling that desinfection chamber is placed on after the cultivating bacteria bag is taken out out of described normal-pressure sterilizing pot It is spare；S3: lucidum strain is seeded in the cultivating bacteria bag, and the bacterium bag after inoculation is placed in the desinfection chamber and is become Temperature culture is until strain covers with；S4: tired bacterium is stranded bacterium 10 days, after the cultivating bacteria bag is stranded bacterium after temperature is dropped to 15 DEG C -18 DEG C It is placed on outdoor 3-5 days；S5: buried sesame out opens up ridge-up bed, is put into institute after the cultivating bacteria bag after the tired bacterium is removed the bacterium bag It states in ridge-up bed, covers earthing material, sprinkle profoundly water the cultivation for completing ganoderma lucidum.

The too high levels for wherein cultivating water are too low unfavorable to Mycelium Growth of Ganoderma lucidum.General Judging method are as follows: compost is used Power is held in the hand, and has water exudation again not at drop between finger, is stretched out and is expected after hand agglomerating in the hand, is suitable water content.To cultivation When cultivation bag sterilization treatment, before sterilizing, water, autoclave sealed set are filled up in autoclave；Water in autoclave in sterilization process Timely moisturizing when insufficient, prevents that autoclave dryouies, and fire in a stove before fuel is added hot spots unevenness all can produce sterilizing dead angle, to exclude at any time.

Optionally, the Fluctuation temperature culture includes: that the 1-3 days temperature are sprouted in 27 DEG C of promotion strains, and temperature exists within the 4-15 days 24 DEG C, the 16-30 days temperature are at 22 DEG C, and the 30-45 days temperature are between 18 DEG C -20 DEG C, after strain sprouting, according to above-mentioned Time cycle gradually decreases temperature, can delay the speed of growth of strain, keeps growth more healthy and strong.

It is obtained preferably, earthing material can be prepared by following steps: the soil taken out when opening up the ridge-up bed is passed through Earth material is obtained after material screen screening, the sieve pore of the material screen is set as 8 × 8mm；By the soil of 40% by weight percentage The earthing material can be obtained in material, 30% fine sand, 30% decomposed pine needle after mixing.Earth material passes through the sieve pore of 8 × 8mm Partial size is smaller after filtering, earthing material can be made more soft after mixing with fine sand and decomposed pine needle, good permeability, and it is raw to be conducive to mycelia It is long, wherein the resin carried on decomposed pine needle, can inhibit varied bacteria growing, preferable growing environment is provided for Ganoderma lucidum mycelium. Further, the position that the ridge-up bed can be provided with high-land, be not easy ponding avoids ridge-up bed from breeding miscellaneous bacteria.Furrow hole is available special The punch production that door is manufactured, furrow bore dia are influenced by cultivating bacteria bag diameter, are traditionally arranged to be 35cm, furrow pitch of holes is with general For 15cm × 20cm, furrow hole is accomplished fluently in cultivation First Year, sprays primary 30% by weight percentage after having openning hole in furrow hole Lime water, anti-growth miscellaneous bacteria and worm's ovum.

Further, the earthing material is exposed to the sun 5-7 days under direct sunlight light, is at least stirred during being exposed to the sun described Earthing material twice, to kill worm's ovum and the miscellaneous bacteria in earthing material, provides gnotobasis for ganoderma lucidum growth.

As an optional culture material formula, the compost includes following 80% broad-leaved by weight percentage Trees bits, 15% wheat bran, 1% bean powder, 2% corn flour, 1% lime, 1% gypsum.It is rich in hardwood sawdust Lignin and cellulose are conducive to growth, and wheat bran, bean powder and corn flour can grow for ganoderma lucidum provides nutrition abundant, Be conducive to improve the quality of ganoderma lucidum.

As another optional culture material formula, the compost includes the wealthy of following 80% by weight percentage Leaf trees bits, 8% wheat bran, 2% bean powder, 8% corn flour, 1.5% lime, 0.5% urea.Hardwood sawdust In be rich in lignin and cellulose, be conducive to growth.Wheat bran, bean powder and corn flour can provide abundant for ganoderma lucidum growth Nutrition is conducive to the quality for improving ganoderma lucidum.

Optionally, the bacterium bag be polyethylene plastic bag, the polyethylene plastic bag with a thickness of 0.06mm ± 0.005mm.Polyethylene plastic bag can be used for low pressure sterilizing, and lucidum strain is seeded in the bacterium bag, and it is elastic appropriate to pay attention to.Too Loose bacterium bag is easily-deformable, and water-retaining property is also poor；Too tight poor air permeability, mycelia extension are difficult.

Optionally, the ridge-up bed can be provided in Small plastic shed or greenhouse.Ganoderma lucidum Small plastic shed is general 2.5 meters wide, and long 30 Rice, it is 1 meter high, 1.5 meters of wide ridge-up beds are wherein done in canopy, cover plastics in canopy to keep the temperature, and outer layer covers straw screen or mat to shade, annual May Strain was migrated in the ridge-up bed in 10-15 days.The cultivating bacteria bag that bacterium will be stranded sloughs outer layer plastic bag and is immediately placed into ridge-up bed It is interior, it is covered with earthing material after uprightly sequencing with the spacing of 15cm × 20cm, divides 3-4 times and sprinkles profoundly water, Small plastic shed is covered with agricultural film 15-20 It just has white ganoderma lucidum former base successively and generates, and daily water spray keeps bacterium bed to have humidity, by arched shed four after 5 points of every afternoon at this time Week starts, and ganoderma lucidum is aerobic fungi, and fructification is very sensitive to oxygen, starts to reinforce ventilation, guarantees the oxygen for having sufficient in canopy, Be conducive to ganoderma lucidum fast-growth.20-30 days stems about grow to 3cm, and 30-45 days stems grow to 5-6cm, start within 45-55 days to grow Canopy, sesame umbrella all sprouts within 55-65 days, and 65-75 days sesame umbrellas are long to 10cm, and 75-90 days sesame umbrellas are long to disappear to umbrella along white halo, entirely The complete lignifying of ganoderma lucidum canopy reddens color, and spore is mature at this time and starts to launch conidia powder, can enter lucidum spore powder and collects Picking time.

Greenhouse can use standard used in culturing vegetable, usually steel tube greenhouse, and 12 meters wide × 50 meters long, area 600 is flat Square rice needs to cover 2 layers of sunshade net in greenhouse agricultural film outer layer to reach the shady requirement of 5 sun 5, remaining specifically buries the cultivations pipe such as bag Reason method is identical as Small plastic shed cultural method, and greenhouse cultivation mode space is big, and has and divulge information, and advantage convenient for management has Conducive to being widely applied large-scale production.

Further, the temperature in the Small plastic shed or greenhouse can be set at 15 DEG C -32 DEG C, and illumination is scattering light, Scattering light source can be set in Small plastic shed or greenhouse, and sprinkler is set, the air in Small plastic shed or greenhouse is relatively wet Degree is arranged between 80%-90%, provides more suitable environmental condition for ganoderma lucidum growth, is conducive to improve ganoderma lucidum yield.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features； And these are modified or replaceed, the range for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.

Claims

1. a kind of ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method, which comprises the following steps:

Cultivating bacteria bag is prepared, the cultivating bacteria bag includes bacterium bag, compost and culture water, and the compost includes as follows with weight 80% hardwood sawdust of percentage meter, the wheat bran of 8%-15%, 1%-2% bean powder, the corn flour of 2%-8%, 1%- 1.5% lime, remaining is gypsum or urea；The culture water is added in the compost after mixing to stir evenly and be packed into institute It states up to the cultivating bacteria bag in bacterium bag, the culture water accounts for the 60%-65% of the compost and the culture water total weight；

To the cultivating bacteria bag sterilization treatment, the cultivating bacteria bag is placed in normal-pressure sterilizing pot, the bacterium bag is persistently heated Until the bacterium bag temperature stops heating after reaching 100 DEG C and 10 hours of state of 100 DEG C of maintenance；By the bacterium bag from described It is spare that desinfection chamber cooling is placed on after taking out in normal-pressure sterilizing pot；

Lucidum strain is seeded in the cultivating bacteria bag, the bacterium bag after inoculation is placed on alternating temperature in the desinfection chamber and is trained It supports until strain covers with；

Tired bacterium, drops to 15 DEG C -18 DEG C tired bacterium 10 days for temperature, and the bacterium bag is placed on outdoor 3-5 days after being stranded bacterium；

Buried sesame out, opens up ridge-up bed, is put into the ridge-up bed after the cultivating bacteria bag after the tired bacterium is removed the bacterium bag, cover Earthing material is the cultivation for completing ganoderma lucidum.

2. ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Fluctuation temperature culture includes: the 1-3 days Temperature is sprouted in 27 DEG C of promotion strains, and the 4-15 days temperature are at 24 DEG C, and the 16-30 days temperature are at 22 DEG C, and temperature exists within the 30-45 days Between 18 DEG C -20 DEG C.

3. ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include preparing the earthing material, packet Include following steps:

The soil taken out when opening up the ridge-up bed is obtained into earth material after material screen screens, the sieve pore of the material screen is set as 8 × 8mm；

After mixing by the earth material of 40% by weight percentage, 30% fine sand, 30% decomposed pine needle Obtain the earthing material.

4. ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include by the earthing material in sunlight It is exposed to the sun under direct line 5-7 days, at least stirs the earthing material twice during being exposed to the sun.

5. ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the compost includes as follows with weight 80% hardwood sawdust, 15% wheat bran, 1% bean powder of percentage meter, 2% corn flour, 1% lime, 1% stone Cream.

6. ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the compost includes as follows with weight 80% hardwood sawdust of percentage meter, 8% wheat bran, 2% bean powder, 8% corn flour, 1.5% lime, 0.5% Urea.

7. ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that pH value before compost sterilizing Range are as follows: 7≤PH≤8.5.

8. ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bacterium bag is polyethylene plastic bag, The polyethylene plastic bag with a thickness of 0.06mm ± 0.005mm.

9. ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that the ridge-up bed can be opened It is located in Small plastic shed or greenhouse.

10. ganoderma lucidum geography cultural method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the Small plastic shed or the greenhouse For interior temperature setting at 15 DEG C -32 DEG C, light is scattering light, and relative air humidity is arranged between 80%-90%.