A kind of oral solution with hypoglycemic raising immunity
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of biological, and in particular to a kind of with oral solution that is hypoglycemic, improving immunity.
Background technique
Kelp also known as thallus laminariae, sea grass, river Chinese cabbage belong to Phaeophyta, Phaeophyceae, Laminariales, Laminariaceae, Larminaria, are a kind of
The large ocean plant of dual-purpose of drug and food.Currently, bioactive substance isolates and purifies and nutrition and health care research and new in kelp
The exploitation of type kelp series of products is the hot spot that domestic and foreign scholars study.Kelp is as having both edible value and medical value
" natural health care ", active material are abundant.Up to the present, the kelp bioactive substance of discovery mainly has: laminarin,
Acidic polysaccharides substance, rock algae galactogen sulfuric ester, laminine, galacturonic acid, taurine, zosterin, bifid because
Son.In many active materials, laminarin is the most prominent to the Nutrition and health function effect of kelp.The study found that extra large
Band polysaccharide adjust immune, antitumor, anticoagulation, it is anti-oxidant, in terms of all play unique effect.It is more in kelp
Sugar substance is abundant, and the difference of different polysaccharide material structures and property also makes it have different bioactivity, at present from kelp
It was found that polysaccharide there are three types of: algin, fucoidin, laminaran.Laminaran is also known as laminarin, the content in kelp
Accounting for about 1%, laminaran is one kind of neutral glucan polymers, and sulfonated products are laminarin sulfate, the study found that both
Polysaccharide can promote the immune function of body, have apparent reduction to act on serum cholesterol, laminaran and artificial sulphur
The laminarin sulfate of change is compared, stronger to the immunoregulation effect of body.
The prior art such as Authorization Notice No. is the Chinese invention patent of 102153669 B of CN, and it is brown to disclose a kind of low molecule
The preparation method of algae glucan.By alkali metal carbonate solution by seaweed tissue and cytoclasis, and it is adjusted with acid appropriate pH
Value, extracts alginic acid, algal polysaccharide and laminaran therein, then by this starch hydrogen peroxide degradation, become flat
Brown seaweed glucan of the average molecular weight in 800-1000 dalton.It is reported that this kind of low-molecular-weight algal glucan can enhance human body
Immunity and plant resistance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of laminaran, which can be with Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase
(PTP1B) active site combines, and enzyme is made to lose activity, and increases insulin sensitivity, while partial phosphate ester base energy and saccharide ring
On hydroxyl form ester bond, be partially formed helical structure in active higher order conformation in sugar chain, increase order, improve pharmacology
Activity.
The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:
A kind of laminaran is provided, kelp is isolated from, it is characterised in that: laminaran is carried out with Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate
Chemical modification.Laminaran is that one kind is prevalent in a kind of intracorporal polysaccharide of brown alga.Its main composition is by C1And C3Knot
β-D glucopyranose the poly-compounds of conjunction, Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase (PTP1B) are the negative tune of Insulin signaling pathway
The factor is saved, after being modified with Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate laminaran, phosphate can be with the active site knot of PTP1B
It closing, accurate trapped enzyme changes the space conformation of enzyme, enzyme is made to lose activity to modify the carboxyl on enzyme side chain, thus
Increase insulin sensitivity, increases utilization of the tissue to glucose, improve the ability for reducing blood glucose.Triple helix configuration is polysaccharide
Most active space conformation, and after modification, it is connected on side chain, increases branched building block number, molecular structure changes, sugar
Ring conformation is distorted or changes, non-covalent bond easy to form, and the repulsive interaction between these anionic groups makes sugar chain segment
Elongation, partial phosphate ester base may form ester bond with the hydroxyl in saccharide ring again, therefore be partially formed helical structure in sugar chain and be in
Active higher order conformation, and order increases, so that pharmacological activity is higher.
Preferably, laminaran has the function of hypoglycemic and improves immunity.Laminaran can be remarkably reinforced small
The generation of mouse hemolysin enhances humoral immunity, to have humidification to immunity of organisms.Laminaran is to diabetic mice
Blood glucose has the reduction effect of affirmative, can adjust the protein metabolism of diabetic mice, and have guarantor to the damage of beta Cell of islet
Shield effect, promotes Islet Cells Insulin secretion, reachable to the inhibiting rate of PTP1B when laminaran concentration is 1.3mg/mL
91%, increase insulin sensitivity.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned laminaran, which can be with
Protein forms amido bond, inhibits polysaccharide and protein to form amino covalence key in de- protein process, improves the reservation of polysaccharide
Rate.The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:
A kind of preparation method of laminaran is provided, comprising the following steps:
S1, ultrasonic wave extraction laminarin;
S2, classification alcohol deposition method are purified: ethyl alcohol to the concentration that 90-95% is added into laminarin solution is 28-
32%, it stands, filtering takes precipitating.Polysaccharide material is abundant in kelp, and presently found polysaccharide has algin, fucoidin, brown alga
Three kinds of starch.Single polysaccharide component is obtained, which must be purified, ethanol precipitation method is using different more
Sugar has different solubilities in the ethyl alcohol of various concentration, changes the concentration of ethyl alcohol, precipitates by several times.Ethyl alcohol provided by the invention adds
Amount and ethyl alcohol mass fraction are that best alcohol analyses condition, and laminaran yield is higher.
Preferably, the extracting method of step S1 are as follows: add according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:70-75 (g/mL) into distilled water
Enter dry Kelp Powder, ultrasonication 55-65min at 62-68 DEG C.Kelp has very strong swellability, is swollen when solid-to-liquid ratio is too high
Insufficient, recovery rate is low, more than appropriate swellbility solid-to-liquid ratio when, swelling excessively also results in recovery rate decline;Ultrasonic wave is logical
It crosses mechanical shear stress and carrys out assisted extraction, ultrasonic time is too short, and mechanical shearing effect is insufficient, and recovery rate is not high, ultrasonic time
It is too long, macromolecular polysaccharide chain rupture can be made, also reduce recovery rate;Temperature increases the surface tension that can make liquid medium and viscosity drop
It is low, accelerate the diffusion of solution, promote intracellular polysaccharide to external diffusion, but when the temperature is excessively high, the parts of polysaccharide structures can be by
It destroys.
Preferably, step S1 carries out ungrease treatment before extracting laminarin.Polysaccharide is the strong macromolecular chemical combination of polarity
Object, carrying out degreasing to raw material can make aqueous solution be easier to go deep into inside raw material, be conducive to the dissolution of polysaccharide.
Preferably, the mesh number of Kelp Powder is 70-90 mesh.Kelp mesh number is bigger, and the dissolution rate of polysaccharide is higher, but works as mesh number
It when excessive, is easy hardened, is unfavorable for the dissolution of polysaccharide.
Preferably, laminaran uses Sevage method to carry out de- albumen processing before purification.Containing compared with polyprotein in kelp
Matter, protein and polysaccharide are all hydrophilic macromers, all have structural complexity, the diversity of composition, so that the separation of polysaccharide is pure
Change relatively difficult.Albumen is taken off using Sevage method, mild condition can avoid the degradation of polysaccharide, the purity of polysaccharide of acquisition, retention rate
It is preferable with the rate of recovery.
Preferably, Sevage method is handled before taking off albumen with ethyl acetoacetate.In identical de- albumen treatment conditions
Under, with the increase of albumen removal rate, the amino in protein is in the reactiveness of non-agglomerated, be capable of providing reactive group with
The hydroxyl of reduction end forms amino covalence key by Maillard reaction in polysaccharide molecule, and protein-polysaccharide forms netted composite junction
Structure, stable structure is survivable, when to removal of protein, declines polysaccharide retention rate.Acetoacetate second is used before de- albumen
Ester handles Thick many candies, and the amino on protein is reacted with ethyl acetoacetate, amido bond is formed, to take off egg in the later period
Inhibit polysaccharide and protein to form amino covalence key in white process, further improves the retention rate of polysaccharide.
The present invention also provides a kind of laminarans to have the use in oral solution that is hypoglycemic, improving immunity in preparation
On the way.There are medicine diformin tablet, Compound Reserpine, Lipitor currently used for three high common clinical medicines for the treatment of, although to controlling
It treats three height to have obvious effects on but also have certain toxic side effect, therefore, develops and have no toxic side effect and therapeutic effect is ideal
Newtype drug it is most important for the mankind.Kelp has nontoxic inherent advantage as natural green plant, together
When, oral solution is a kind of new formulation that three kinds of decoction, syrup and injection dosage forms combine;It has taking dose it is small,
Absorb the advantages that very fast, quality is stable, easy to carry and use, easy to maintain.
Preferably, the flavor formula of oral solution are as follows: β-ring paste of 0.13-0.17wt% is added in laminaran solution
The citric acid and suitable essence of essence, the xylitol of 13-17wt%, 0.13-0.17wt%.Flavor provided by the invention modulates skill
Art adjusts the color of product from the sense of taste, smell, vision etc., fragrance, makes product sour and sweet palatability, pure in mouth feel.
The invention has the benefit that
1) present invention increases insulin sensitivity, increases tissue to the benefit of glucose by modifying laminaran
With raising reduces blood glucose ability, and is partially formed helical structure in active higher order conformation in sugar chain, increases order, mentions
High pharmacological activity;
2) present invention improves the purity of polysaccharide, and by advancing in de- albumen by carrying out de- albumen processing to polysaccharide
Row pretreatment inhibits polysaccharide and protein to form amino covalence key during Deproteinated, improves the retention rate of polysaccharide;
3) present invention is by optimizing ultrasonication condition, alcohol precipitation condition, improving more to kelp ungrease treatment
The recovery rate of sugar and the yield of laminaran.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of laminaran of the invention to the inhibiting rate of PTP1B;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of FBG level in diabetes B mice serum after laminaran of the invention is administered;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the half hemolytic value of mouse after laminaran of the invention is administered;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of polysaccharide retention rate of the invention, protein removal rate.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to embodiments:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of laminaran:
Kelp dry powder is taken, is added 95% ethyl alcohol of 5 times of volumes, ultrasonic degreasing 25min is taken out under vacuum condition
Filter is collected filter residue, is repeated 3 times, and dries filter residue, smashed 70-90 mesh.
70-90 mesh kelp dry powder is weighed, dry kelp is added into distilled water according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:70-75 (g/mL)
Powder, ultrasonication 55-65min at 62-68 DEG C are added ethyl acetoacetate and are handled, the rear sevage that 1/3 volume is added
Reagent, after magnetic stirrer 30min, 1000rpm is centrifuged 15min, collects supernatant, is repeated 5 times, and is 3500 films with combined closure system
Dialysis, is concentrated under reduced pressure into 1/5 volume, and ethyl alcohol to the concentration that 90-95% is added is 28-32%, is stood, and filtering takes precipitating, depressurizes
It is concentrated freeze-dried, obtain laminaran.
It takes laminaran to be dissolved in 2% Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate solution, stirs 30min under 75 DEG C of water bath conditions, it is cold
But to ice water is added after room temperature, 95% ethyl alcohol of three times volume is added, stands, precipitating is precipitated, is dissolved in after precipitating is collected by centrifugation
In water, flowing water dialysis 2d, distilled water dialysis 2d, liquid pressure-reducing in bag filter is concentrated freeze-dried, the laminaran after being modified.
Laminaran is that one kind is prevalent in a kind of intracorporal polysaccharide of brown alga.Its main composition is by C1And C3In conjunction with β-D pyrrole
Glucopyranoside poly-compounds, Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase (PTP1B) are the negative growth factors of Insulin signaling pathway, are used
After Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate modifies laminaran, phosphate can be accurate to capture in conjunction with the active site of PTP1B
Enzyme changes the space conformation of enzyme, loses activity to modify the carboxyl on enzyme side chain, to increase insulin sensitivity
Property, increase utilization of the tissue to glucose, improves the ability for reducing blood glucose.Triple helix configuration is the most active space of polysaccharide
Conformation, and after modification, it is connected on side chain, increases branched building block number, molecular structure changes, and saccharide ring conformation is distorted
Or transformation, non-covalent bond easy to form, and the repulsive interaction between these anionic groups makes sugar chain chain segment elongation, partial phosphate ester
Base may form ester bond with the hydroxyl in saccharide ring again, therefore be partially formed helical structure in active advanced structure in sugar chain
As, and order increases, so that activity is higher.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of laminaran:
80g kelp dry powder is taken, is added 95% ethyl alcohol of 5 times of volumes, ultrasonic degreasing 25min is carried out under vacuum condition
It filters, collects filter residue, be repeated 3 times, dry filter residue, smashed 80 meshes.
80 mesh kelp dry powder 5g are weighed, after distilled water 312.5mL is added, ultrasonic echography handles 60min at 65 DEG C, rear to add
Enter the sevage reagent of 1/3 volume, after magnetic stirrer 30min, 1000rpm is centrifuged 15min, collects supernatant, repeats 5
It is secondary, it is the dialysis of 3500 films with combined closure system, is concentrated under reduced pressure into 1/5 volume, ethyl alcohol to the concentration for being added 95% is 30%, precipitating is taken,
Freeze-drying, as laminaran is concentrated under reduced pressure.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of laminaran:
2g laminaran made from Example 2 is dissolved in the Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate solution that 100mL mass fraction is 2%
In, 30min is stirred under 75 DEG C of water bath conditions, 30mL ice water is added after being cooled to room temperature, 95% ethyl alcohol of three times volume is added,
Precipitating is precipitated in standing, and soluble in water, flowing water dialysis 2d after precipitating is collected by centrifugation, and distilled water dialysis 2d subtracts liquid in bag filter
Press concentrated freeze-dried, the laminaran after being modified.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of preparation method of laminaran:
The ethyl acetoacetate that 6mL 3mmol/L is added before de- albumen handles 40min, and rest part and embodiment 2 are complete
Unanimously.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of preparation method with oral solution that is hypoglycemic, improving immunity, comprising:
Dissolution: the laminaran for taking above-described embodiment to obtain is dissolved in water, and obtains the laminaran solution of 10mg/mL;
Filtering: the insoluble substance in solution is filtered out;
Flavor mixing: in solution after filtration it is middle be added the beta-cyclodextrin of 0.15wt%, 15wt% xylitol,
The citric acid of 0.15wt% and suitable essence, stir evenly;
Sterilizing: high pressure steam sterilization, 121 DEG C of sterilization 30min are used;
It is filling: it is filling using the progress of 20mL brown oral liquid glass bottle, it needs that empty Bottle and bottle cap is carried out to clean before filling to disappear
Poison.
Oral solution kelp fishy smell glue obtained is light, color be in dark brown or sepia, taste moderately sour and sweet, delicate mouthfeel,
There is no peculiar smell, appearance clear is visible by naked eyes impurity, allows to have a small amount of muddy or precipitating, sensory evaluation 98 to divide.
Test example 1:
Measurement to protein-tyrosine-phosphatase (PTP1B) inhibitory activity:
The preparation of Stock buffer: 50mmol/L hydroxyethyl piperazine second thiosulfonic acid (Hepes), 1mmol/L ethylenediamine tetraacetic
Acetic acid (EDTA), 1mmol/L dithiothreitol (DTT) (DTT), 0.05% Nonidet P40 (NP-40) adjust pH to 7.2,4
DEG C save.
The preparation of Buffer A: 100mmol/LHepes, 1mmol/LEDTA adjust pH to 7.0,4 DEG C of preservations.
Reaction terminating liquid: NaOH 10mol/L.
PTP1B is diluted to 2 μ g/mL with stock buffer, dissolves substrate PNPP to 17.6mmol/L with buffer A;
170 μ L substrate solutions are added in each hole of 96 orifice plates;In sample group and blank group, 10 μ L samples are added in every hole, right
According in group, 10 μ L dimethyl sulfoxides (DMSO) are added in every hole, incubate 10min at 37 DEG C;96 orifice plates are placed on ice, in sample group
20 μ L enzyme solutions are added with hole every in control group, 20 μ L stock buffer are added in blank group, react 30min at 37 DEG C;Add
Enter 20 μ L 10mol/LNaOH, terminates reaction.With the absorbance at microplate reader measurement 405nm, the inhibiting rate to PTP1B is calculated.
It is as follows to the calculation formula of PTP1B inhibiting rate:
PTP1B inhibiting rate (%)=(A-Ab)/Ac
Wherein, A, Ab、AcRespectively sample group, blank group, the absorbance of control group.To the inhibiting rate measurement result of PTP1B
See Fig. 1.
The measurement of hypoglycemic ability:
Male mice 80 of 24-26g are taken, normal diet is fed 1 week, takes 20 to be only used as control group at random, raising is common
Feed.Remaining 60 are fed high lipid food 4 weeks, and hyperlipidemia mass formed by blood stasis mouse model is established, and alloxan is then injected intraperitoneally and establishes 2 types
Diabetic mouse model.Alloxan is configured to 2.5g/L injection with physiological saline, the mouse abdomen fed to high lipid food
Chamber injects alloxan, and every 1kg mouse is administered 50mg, the next day 1 time, continuous 3 times, control group injects the physiological saline of equivalent.Most
Afterwards the 3rd day after one injection, cuts tail blood sampling and detect basic fasting blood-glucose (FBG) level, will be greater than 2 standard deviations of control group mean
Mouse be randomly divided into model group and administration group, every group 20.It is 150mg/ that laminaran, which is configured to concentration, with physiological saline
ML mixed liquor, administration group give daily 1.50g/kg laminaran stomach-filling, and control group and model group give daily 1mL/50g physiology
Salt water stomach-filling, normal diet are fed 2 weeks.After treatment end, groups of animals fasting (free water) 12h cuts tail inspection the next morning
It is horizontal to survey FBG.The measurement result of fasting blood-glucose (FBG) level is shown in Fig. 2 in serum.
As seen from Figure 1, as inhibiting rate of the raising of laminaran concentration to PTP1B increases, increase early period comparatively fast,
Later period increases, and the laminaran in embodiment 3 is higher than embodiment 2 to the inhibiting rate of PTP1B, this explanation, with ascorbic acid phosphoric acid
After ester sodium modifies laminaran, the inhibiting rate of PTP1B is significantly improved.
As seen from Figure 2, the horizontal fall of FBG of mouse is apparently higher than after the laminaran administration in embodiment 3
Embodiment 2, i.e. hypoglycemic ability in embodiment 3 are higher, this explanation repairs laminaran with Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate
After decorations, the inhibiting rate to PTP1B is improved, increases insulin sensitivity, increases utilization of the tissue to glucose, improves drop
The ability of hypoglycemia.
Test example 2:
Improve the measurement of immunity ability:
Male mice 30 of weight 18-22g are taken, are randomly divided into 3 groups, laminaran is configured to concentration with physiological saline
For 5mg/mL mixed liquor, administration group gives daily 100mg/kg laminaran stomach-filling, and control group gives daily 1mL/50g physiology salt
Water stomach-filling, successive administration 8d, 1 time a day, rear mouse weighing, eyeball take blood to last dose for 24 hours, and 3000rpm is centrifuged 10min, takes
Serum is stand-by.
By serum with 500 times of normal saline dilution, take 1mL dilute after serum, be added 10% hematocrit sheep of 0.5mL it is red
Cell (SRBC) suspension, ice bath are added 10 times of 1mL normal saline dilution of guinea pig serum, blank group not increase serum, 37 DEG C of water
Bath heat preservation 10min, after ice bath immediately, terminate reaction.2000rpm is centrifuged 10min, takes 1mL supernatant, 3mL Dou Shi reagent, mixing is put
10min is set, supernatant is taken, measures the absorbance at 540nm.0.25mL 10%SRBC suspension is taken, 3.75mL Dou Shi examination is added
Agent measures its absorbance at 540nm, as half hemolytic value.Serum hemolysis cellulose content is with half hemolytic value HC50It indicates.
Half hemolytic value HC50Calculation formula it is as follows:
HC50=(OD value when sample OD value/SRBC half hemolysis) × extension rate
Half hemolytic value HC50Measurement result see Fig. 3.
As seen from Figure 3, the half hemolytic value of mouse is apparently higher than embodiment after the laminaran administration in embodiment 3
2, this explanation, after being modified with Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate laminaran, being partially formed helical structure in sugar chain is in have work
Property higher order conformation, and order increase, so that pharmacological activity is higher, the ability for improving immunity is stronger.
Test example 3:
200mL ultrasound leaching liquor is taken, the ethyl alcohol that the mass fraction of 4 times of volumes is 95% is added, stands overnight, 2000rpm
It is centrifuged 15min, precipitating is collected, obtains kelp raw polysaccharide after freeze-drying, calculate its polyoses content and protein content.After de- albumen
Dialyzate is concentrated under reduced pressure and is lyophilized to obtain de- proteoglycan, polyoses content is measured using phend-sulphuric acid, using biuret method
Protein content is measured, polysaccharide retention rate, protein removal rate are calculated.Calculation formula is as follows:
Protein removal rate (%)=(A0-A1)/A0× 100%
Wherein, A0, A1Protein content in sample before and after respectively de- albumen;
Polysaccharide retention rate (%)=B1/B0× 100%
Wherein, B0, B1Polyoses content in sample before and after respectively de- albumen.The measurement of polysaccharide retention rate, protein removal rate
As a result see Fig. 4.
As seen from Figure 4, while guaranteeing protein removal rate, the polysaccharide retention rate of embodiment 4 is apparently higher than reality
Example 2 is applied, this explanation is handled with ethyl acetoacetate before taking off albumen, inhibits polysaccharide and egg during the later period is Deproteinated
White matter forms amino covalence key, further improves the retention rate of polysaccharide.
The prior art of routine techniques dawn known to those skilled in the art in above-described embodiment, therefore herein no longer in detail
It repeats.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this field
Member can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, all equivalent
Technical solution also belong to scope of the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.