CN110363855A - Rock-fill dams transparence modeling method - Google Patents

Rock-fill dams transparence modeling method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110363855A
CN110363855A CN201910663307.2A CN201910663307A CN110363855A CN 110363855 A CN110363855 A CN 110363855A CN 201910663307 A CN201910663307 A CN 201910663307A CN 110363855 A CN110363855 A CN 110363855A
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block stone
point cloud
boulder
coordinate
stockpile
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CN110363855B (en
Inventor
杨兴国
涂扬举
周家文
李海波
肖培伟
戚顺超
范刚
鲁功达
陈骎
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Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
    • G06T17/10—Constructive solid geometry [CSG] using solid primitives, e.g. cylinders, cubes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T3/00—Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image
    • G06T3/60—Rotation of a whole image or part thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/30—Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration
    • G06T7/33—Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration using feature-based methods
    • G06T7/344—Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration using feature-based methods involving models
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/60—Analysis of geometric attributes
    • G06T7/62—Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2200/00—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general
    • G06T2200/08—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general involving all processing steps from image acquisition to 3D model generation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10028—Range image; Depth image; 3D point clouds

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of rock-fill dams transparence modeling method, carries out rapid survey to the stockpile surface after spreading out and putting on using three-dimensional laser scanning technique, obtains stockpile surface three dimension point cloud, and imports computer and carry out points cloud processing and analysis.By points cloud processing technology, boulder is identified and obtains space orientation.The present invention can accurately obtain out the spatial position of each boulder, effective grain size and surface shape information, and without digging pit, sampling backfills again, can obtain complete boulder distributed intelligence on surface of filling；The development trend for meeting automatic and mechanical construction, is suitable for severe construction environment, small to crossed construction interference, brings certain economic benefits.

Description

Rock-fill dams transparence modeling method
Technical field
The invention belongs to native stone dam construction technique fields, and in particular to rock-fill dams transparence modeling method.
Background technique
Stockpile is the main part of rock-fill dams, can be occurred to a certain degree in the transport, discharging, paving process of stockpile Thickness material separation, cause inhomogeneities of the mechanics index of physics of stockpile in spatial distribution.For the boulder of part Concentration zones often have biggish deformation modulus and permeability, further result in differential settlement or the seepage deformation of dam body.By In the limitation of current acquisition of information means, usually assume that same subregion material with identical when to dam deformation analysis is carried out Physical and mechanical property, analyze result and with actual conditions differ larger.Therefore, in the building course of rock-fill dams, bulk is obtained Stone realizes the transparence building course of rock-fill dams in the intracorporal space distribution situation in dam, and to analysis dam deformation reason, guidance is filled out The process of building is of great significance.
NB/T 35016-2013 " native stone dam material field compaction test regulation ", which proposes to use, digs pit sampling method in test unit Interior sampling carries out full screen analysis test.2~3 times that diameter is building stones maximum particle diameter are cheated, and are not more than 200cm.Hole depth is that paving is filled out Thickness.Building stones for partial size less than 100mm are analyzed using sieve formula, and the building stones ruler measurement of 100mm is greater than to partial size.Test It will be backfilled again after sample mixed after the completion.
This method has the disadvantages that
1, error is big: being greater than only 100mm ruler measurement for partial size, as a result there is large error；
2, low efficiency: paving is filled out between face greatly, is only able to carry out the limited detection tested pits, is needed to dig out sample and sieve, Backfill is remixed after the completion, it is troublesome in poeration；
3, interference construction: worker's upper dam detection is needed when dam facing is narrow, other construction machinery crossed constructions are influenced, to construction Interference is big, it is difficult to adapt to high-strength mechanicalization construction.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing information obtaining means, the measurement of present invention combination three-dimensional laser and points cloud processing technology, A kind of rock-fill dams transparence building technology is provided, which can obtain boulder space distribution information, be that dam deformation is pre- It surveys and reliable data supporting, further guiding construction and later period operation and maintenance is provided.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Rock-fill dams transparence modeling method carries out the stockpile surface after spreading out and putting on using three-dimensional laser scanning technique quick Measurement obtains stockpile surface three dimension point cloud, and imports computer and carry out points cloud processing and analysis.By points cloud processing technology, Boulder is identified and obtains space orientation.
The rock-fill dams transparence modeling method, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1: being scanned after the completion of stockpile is spread out and put on and obtain stockpile surface three dimension point cloud；
Step 2: obtained point cloud data being imported into computer, the region point cloud that paves is extracted in software, then to more Website point cloud is denoised and is spliced, and turns instrument coordinates system changing to dam coordinate system by coordinate；
Step 3: generating the surface model that paves, computational chart millet cake cloud average height value Y using delaunay algorithm1.According to The convexity-concavity identification of three-dimension curved surface goes out the contact area of block stone Yu block stone, i.e., the boundary of single block stone.To stockpile particle point cloud Boundary identified and divided, extract the surface point cloud of single block stone；
Step 4: single block stone 3 d surface model is generated using delaunay algorithm, based on the continuous of three-dimensional surface curvature Property repairs surface hole, generates complete block stone surface model；
Step 5: calculating the centroid coordinate (C of single block stoneX,CY,CZ), to each single-point coordinate (X on surfacen,Yn, Zn) subtract centroid coordinate (CX,CY,CZ) translation obtain new single-point coordinate (Xn',Yn',Zn')；
Step 6: generating a series of coordinate spin matrixs, single block stone is rotated around x-axis and y-axis, and to xOy plane Projection obtains two-dimensional cloud contour line, calculates two o'clock maximum spacing d on two-dimensional curve.Thus a series of d values are obtained, it is taken Middle minimum value dminEffective grain size as block stone；
Step 7: the effective grain size threshold value d of given judgement boulder0If dminGreater than d0, then it is determined as boulder, remembers Record lower centroid coordinate (CX,CY,CZ)；
Step 8: repeating the above steps 4-7 to each block stone of extraction；
Step 9: enrockment scans again after the completion of rolling, and calculating rolls rear surface point cloud dispersed elevation Y2, CZIt subtracts before rolling Depth displacement (Y afterwards1-Y2) obtain new CZ, thereby determine that the spatial position of rockfill area boulder after the completion of filling；
Step 10: the point cloud data obtained after each reclamation level is rolled is registrated, and establishes rock-fill dams transparence mould Type.
Rock-fill dams transparence modeling method provided by the invention, has the advantages that
1, accuracy is high: can accurately obtain out the spatial position of each boulder, effective grain size and surface shape information；
2, rapidly and efficiently: without digging pit, sampling backfills again, can obtain complete boulder distributed intelligence on surface of filling；
3, high degree of automation: meeting the development trend of automatic and mechanical construction, be suitable for severe construction environment, right Crossed construction interference is small, brings certain economic benefits.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is embodiment block stone surface-boundary identification figure；
Fig. 3 is embodiment block stone three-dimensional surface cavity repairing figure；
Fig. 4 is two-dimensional projection's boundary graph after embodiment block stone three-dimensional rotation；
Fig. 5 is embodiment rock-fill dams transparence modeling figure.
Specific embodiment:
It is described in conjunction with the embodiments the specific technical solution of the present invention.
Process is embodied in process of the invention such as Fig. 1:
Step 1: being scanned after the completion of stockpile is spread out and put on and obtain stockpile surface three dimension point cloud；
Step 2: obtained point cloud data being imported into computer, the region point cloud that paves is extracted in software, then to more Website point cloud is denoised and is spliced, and turns instrument coordinates system changing to dam coordinate system by coordinate；
Step 3: as shown in Fig. 2, generating the surface model that paves, computational chart millet cake cloud average height using delaunay algorithm Value Y1.Go out the contact area of block stone Yu block stone, i.e., the boundary of single block stone according to the convexity-concavity identification of three-dimension curved surface.To stockpile The boundary of particle point cloud is identified and is divided, and the surface point cloud of single block stone is extracted；
Step 4: as shown in figure 3, generating single block stone 3 d surface model using delaunay algorithm, being based on three-dimensional surface The continuity of curvature repairs surface hole, generates complete block stone surface model；
Step 5: calculating the centroid coordinate (C of single block stoneX,CY,CZ), to each single-point coordinate (X on surfacen,Yn, Zn) subtract centroid coordinate (CX,CY,CZ) translation obtain new single-point coordinate (Xn',Yn',Zn'), it is as follows to be denoted as matrix A:
Step 6: a series of coordinate rotation angle αs are set1,α2,α3,...,αn,β1,β2,β3,...,βn∈ [0 °, 180 °] is raw At a series of coordinate spin matrix R1,R2,R3,...,Rn×n:
As shown in figure 4, carrying out rotation around x-axis and y-axis to single block stone obtains new point cloud coordinate B:
B=R × A
And two-dimensional cloud contour line is obtained to xOy plane projection, calculate two o'clock maximum spacing d on two-dimensional curve.By This obtains a series of value d1,d2,d3,...,dn×n, take wherein minimum value dminEffective grain size as block stone；
Step 7: the effective grain size threshold value d of given judgement boulder0If dminGreater than d0, then it is determined as boulder, remembers Record lower centroid coordinate (CX,CY,CZ)；
Step 8: repeating the above steps 4-7 to each block stone of extraction；
Step 9: enrockment scans again after the completion of rolling, and calculating rolls rear surface point cloud dispersed elevation Y2, CZIt subtracts before rolling Depth displacement (Y afterwards1-Y2) obtain new CZAnd centroid (CX,CY,CZ).Thereby determine that the space of rockfill area boulder after the completion of filling Position；
Step 10: the point cloud data obtained after each reclamation level is rolled carries out geographic registration, and it is transparent to establish rock-fill dams Change model, such as Fig. 5.

Claims (2)

1. rock-fill dams transparence modeling method, which is characterized in that using three-dimensional laser scanning technique to the stockpile table after spreading out and putting on Face carries out rapid survey, obtains stockpile surface three dimension point cloud, and imports computer and carry out points cloud processing and analysis；Pass through a cloud Processing technique identifies boulder and obtains space orientation.
2. rock-fill dams transparence modeling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that specifically comprise the following steps:
Step 1: being scanned after the completion of stockpile is spread out and put on and obtain stockpile surface three dimension point cloud；
Step 2: obtained point cloud data being imported into computer, the region point cloud that paves is extracted in software, then to multi-site Point cloud is denoised and is spliced, and turns instrument coordinates system changing to dam coordinate system by coordinate；
Step 3: generating the surface model that paves, computational chart millet cake cloud average height value Y using delaunay algorithm1；According to three-dimensional bent The convexity-concavity identification in face goes out the contact area of block stone Yu block stone, i.e., the boundary of single block stone；To the boundary of stockpile particle point cloud It is identified and is divided, extract the surface point cloud of single block stone；
Step 4: generating single block stone 3 d surface model, the continuity pair based on three-dimensional surface curvature using delaunay algorithm Surface hole carries out interpolation, generates complete block stone surface model；
Step 5: calculating the centroid coordinate (C of single block stoneX,CY,CZ), to each single-point coordinate (X on surfacen,Yn,Zn) subtract Remove centroid coordinate (CX,CY,CZ) translation obtain new single-point coordinate (Xn',Yn',Zn')；
Step 6: generating a series of coordinate spin matrixs, single block stone is rotated around x-axis and y-axis, and to xOy plane projection Two-dimensional cloud contour line is obtained, two o'clock maximum spacing d on two-dimensional curve is calculated；Thus a series of d values are obtained, are taken wherein most Small value dminEffective grain size as block stone；
Step 7: the effective grain size threshold value d of given judgement boulder0If dminGreater than d0, then it is determined as boulder, records Centroid coordinate (CX,CY,CZ)；
Step 8: repeating the above steps 4-7 to each block stone of extraction；
Step 9: enrockment scans again after the completion of rolling, and calculating rolls rear surface point cloud dispersed elevation Y2, CZIt subtracts and rolls front and back height Path difference (Y1-Y2) obtain new CZ, thereby determine that the spatial position of rockfill area boulder after the completion of filling；
Step 10: the point cloud data obtained after each reclamation level is rolled is registrated, and establishes rock-fill dams transparence model.
CN201910663307.2A 2019-07-22 2019-07-22 Rock-fill dam transparentization modeling method Active CN110363855B (en)

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CN112258650A (en) * 2020-09-21 2021-01-22 北京科技大学 Paste filling progress real-time measuring and visualizing method and system
CN113074631A (en) * 2021-03-11 2021-07-06 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 Method for measuring rock-fill dam pit test volume through handheld three-dimensional laser scanning
CN113269871A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-08-17 武汉大学 Rock-fill dam deformation field reconstruction method based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion

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CN113269871B (en) * 2021-05-20 2022-04-26 武汉大学 Rock-fill dam deformation field reconstruction method based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion

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