CN109754182B - Method and system for calculating soil remediation quantity of contaminated site - Google Patents
Method and system for calculating soil remediation quantity of contaminated site Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for calculating the soil remediation quantity of a polluted site, which comprises the following steps: obtaining pollution risk distribution maps of different soil layers according to soil sample data of the polluted site; selecting an area with a pollution risk level reaching a preset level as a to-be-repaired area, and simplifying the boundary outline of the to-be-repaired area according to a preset simplification tolerance; according to soil sample data, partitioning the migration depths of pollutants in different soil layers by adopting Thiessen polygons to obtain a pollutant migration depth block diagram; and superposing the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer, calculating the soil restoration amount of the polluted site according to the area to be restored on the superposed map, and acquiring the inflection point coordinate of the area to be restored for soil restoration construction. The method is simple to operate and convenient for practical application, can scientifically and reasonably calculate the soil remediation amount of the polluted site, reduces the difficulty of site soil remediation and treatment, and improves the construction efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of site environment investigation, in particular to a method and a system for calculating the remediation quantity of soil in a polluted site.
Background
The environmental quality of industrial and mining land in China is not optimistic. According to the survey bulletin of national soil pollution conditions in 2014, the exceeding rate of the point positions of the soil in the heavily polluted enterprise land, the industrial waste land, the industrial park, the centralized solid waste treatment field and the mining area is 36.3%, 34.9%, 29.4%, 21.3% and 33.4% respectively. The total investment of 2016 environmental pollution abatement accounts for a relatively low proportion of the total value of domestic production, which is 1.24% (the data is from the annual book of Chinese statistics in 2017), and this requires the pollution abatement by using limited investment. The environmental remediation cost is reduced, and the improvement of the treatment working quality is urgent.
The method is a feasible method for reducing the later-stage environmental remediation and treatment cost by developing an economic and applicable site environment investigation technology. The identification of the amount of the soil remediation formula of the polluted site is the key of the site environment investigation technology. At present, identification of a soil remediation amount is described based on three-dimensional simulation of a migration process of pollutants in soil, common three-dimensional migration conditions of soil pollutants can be realized through an EVS (earth volume geological modeling software) environment visualization system and Voxler software, however, the described three-dimensional irregular figure is not suitable for actual soil remediation construction engineering, if the three-dimensional irregular figure is adopted for soil excavation work, excavation shapes and excavation depths of each layer need to be adjusted continuously, no relevant scientific basis exists for the excavation depths of each layer, in addition, multiple curves of a remediation boundary can also artificially cause increased implementation difficulty of remediation engineering and larger engineering amount.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for calculating the remediation quantity of soil in a polluted site, which are suitable for actual construction requirements by simplifying a complex pollutant distribution three-dimensional model, have strong operability, reduce the remediation and treatment difficulty of the soil in the site and improve the construction efficiency.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for calculating the soil remediation amount of a contaminated site comprises the following steps: obtaining pollution risk distribution maps of different soil layers of the polluted site according to soil sample data of the polluted site; selecting an area with a pollution risk level reaching a preset level as an area to be repaired according to the pollution risk distribution map, and simplifying the boundary outline of the area to be repaired according to a preset simplification tolerance; according to the soil sample data, partitioning the migration depths of the pollutants in different soil layers by adopting Thiessen polygons to obtain a pollutant migration depth block diagram; and superposing the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer, calculating the soil restoration amount of the polluted site according to the area to be restored on the superposed map, and acquiring the inflection point coordinate of the area to be restored for subsequent soil restoration construction.
Further preferably, the obtaining of the pollution risk distribution map of different soil layers of the polluted site according to the soil sample data of the polluted site specifically includes: processing soil sample data of a polluted site according to the rock-soil layering condition of the site to obtain sample data of each soil layer; according to the sample data of each soil layer, interpolating data of other unmeasured positions by adopting an inverse distance weight method, thereby obtaining the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer; and classifying the pollution risks according to the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer and by referring to the soil background value and the soil pollutant concentration limit value to obtain a pollution risk distribution map of the corresponding soil layer.
Further preferably, the processing the soil sample data of the contaminated site to obtain the sample data of each soil layer includes: adding and averaging all soil sample data belonging to the same sampling point of the same soil layer from soil sample data of a polluted site, and taking the obtained average value as the sample data of the corresponding sampling point of the corresponding soil layer; and constructing sample data of all sampling points belonging to the same soil layer into corresponding soil layer sample data.
Further preferably, the simplifying the boundary contour of the region to be repaired according to a preset simplification tolerance specifically includes: removing redundant break points from the boundary contour of the area to be repaired according to the preset maximum allowable offset based on the Douglas-Puck algorithm to obtain a first simplified boundary contour; and removing redundant break points of the first simplified boundary contour according to a preset minimum area based on a Zhou-Jones algorithm.
Further preferably, the preset maximum allowable offset is 2-4 meters, and the preset minimum area is 20-40 square meters.
Further preferably, before obtaining the pollution risk distribution map of different soil layers of the polluted site according to the soil sample data of the polluted site, the method includes: soil sampling is carried out on a plurality of sampling points of the polluted site respectively, and soil sample data is obtained by carrying out pollutant concentration test on the obtained soil sample.
The invention also provides a system for calculating the soil remediation quantity of the contaminated site, which comprises the following steps: the pollution risk evaluation module is used for obtaining pollution risk distribution maps of different soil layers of the polluted site according to soil sample data of the polluted site; the to-be-repaired area simplifying module is used for selecting an area with a pollution risk level reaching a preset level as a to-be-repaired area according to the pollution risk distribution map and simplifying the boundary outline of the to-be-repaired area according to a preset simplifying tolerance; the migration depth evaluation module is used for partitioning the migration depths of the pollutants in different soil layers by adopting Thiessen polygons according to the soil sample data to obtain a pollutant migration depth block diagram; and the restoration amount calculation module is used for superposing the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer, calculating the restoration amount of the soil of the polluted site according to the area to be restored on the superposed map, and acquiring the inflection point coordinate of the area to be restored for subsequent soil restoration construction.
Preferably, the pollution risk evaluation module is further configured to process soil sample data of the polluted site according to a site rock-soil layering condition to obtain sample data of each soil layer; according to the sample data of each soil layer, interpolating data of other unmeasured positions by adopting an inverse distance weight method, thereby obtaining the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer; and classifying the pollution risks according to the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer and by referring to the soil background value and the soil pollutant concentration limit value to obtain a pollution risk distribution map of the corresponding soil layer.
Preferably, the to-be-repaired area simplifying module is further configured to remove redundant break points from the to-be-repaired area boundary contour according to a preset maximum allowable offset based on a douglas-pock algorithm, so as to obtain a first simplified boundary contour; and removing redundant break points of the first simplified boundary contour according to a preset minimum area based on a Zhou-Jones algorithm.
Further preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the sample data acquisition module is used for respectively sampling soil at a plurality of sampling points of the polluted site and testing the concentration of pollutants in the obtained soil sample to obtain soil sample data.
The method and the system for calculating the soil remediation quantity of the polluted site, provided by the invention, can bring at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method, the complex pollutant distribution three-dimensional model is simplified, and the simple polluted soil blocks are obtained through division, so that the method is suitable for actual construction requirements, simple to operate and convenient to apply practically, the difficulty in site soil restoration and treatment is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
2. The method fully considers the actual construction requirement, obtains the inflection point coordinates of the contaminated soil block, and is convenient for the design and implementation of the actual soil remediation construction project.
3. According to the method, the boundary of the repair range is designed into a closed straight line segment, so that the problem that the boundary of the original site repair area is a curve is solved, the implementation of repair engineering is facilitated, and the method is more operable.
Drawings
The above features, technical features, advantages and implementations of a method and system for calculating a soil remediation amount for a contaminated site will be further described in the following detailed description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a method of calculating a contaminated site soil remediation quantity of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another embodiment of a method of calculating a contaminated site soil remediation quantity of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a contaminated site soil remediation quantity calculation system according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a contaminated site soil remediation quantity calculation system according to the invention;
fig. 5 is a first soil layer pollution risk distribution map (left) and a second soil layer pollution risk distribution map (right) in another embodiment of a method for calculating a soil remediation amount for a contaminated site according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a simplified first soil horizon map and a simplified second soil horizon map in another embodiment of the method for calculating the soil remediation amount for the contaminated site according to the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
100. the method comprises a sample data acquisition module, 110, a pollution risk evaluation module, 120, a migration depth evaluation module, 130, a to-be-repaired area simplification module, 140 and a repair amount calculation module.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
For the sake of simplicity, the drawings only schematically show the parts relevant to the present invention, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product. In addition, in order to make the drawings concise and understandable, components having the same structure or function in some of the drawings are only schematically illustrated or only labeled. In this document, "one" means not only "only one" but also a case of "more than one".
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a method for calculating a soil remediation amount of a contaminated site includes:
step S100, according to soil sample data of the polluted site, obtaining pollution risk distribution maps of different soil layers of the polluted site.
Specifically, the soil sample data is obtained by sampling soil on site and performing experimental analysis on the sampled soil. The soil sample data reflects the concentration of the pollutants contained in the soil. In consideration of the cost of manpower and material resources, sampling points of on-site soil sampling are limited, and according to soil sample data, the pollutant concentration of unmeasured points is obtained through spatial interpolation, so that the pollution distribution of different soil layers is obtained; and obtaining a pollution risk distribution map of each soil layer according to the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer and the definition of the pollution risk grade by national or industrial standards.
And S200, selecting an area with the pollution risk level reaching a preset level as a to-be-repaired area according to the pollution risk distribution map, and simplifying the boundary outline of the to-be-repaired area according to a preset simplification tolerance.
Specifically, for example, the pollution risk level is divided into three levels, namely high level, medium level and low level; if the preset level is medium, selecting areas with medium or above pollution risk levels, namely the high and medium areas as areas to be repaired; and if the preset grade is high, selecting the area with the high pollution risk grade as the area to be repaired. And simplifying the boundary outline of the area to be repaired under the condition of little influence on the soil repairing amount so as to be beneficial to subsequent soil repairing construction. The border outline of the zone to be repaired can be simplified by using the Douglas-Pock algorithm, and/or the Wang-Muller algorithm, and/or the Zhou-Jones algorithm. The douglas-pock algorithm preserves the key points of the basic shape that make up the boundary contour, while removing all other points; the algorithm measures the vertical distance from each break point on the boundary to the trend line, and break points whose distance from the trend line is less than the tolerance are deleted. The Wang-muller algorithm finds the bends on the boundary and analyzes their characteristics by shape recognition techniques, and then eliminates extraneous bends. The Zhou-Jones algorithm identifies the effective triangle area for each break point on the boundary, then weights the triangles using a series of metrics to compare the flatness, skewness, and convexity of each area, and guided the removal of the corresponding break point by the weighted area to simplify the surface contour while preserving as much of the features as possible.
And step S300, according to the soil sample data, partitioning the pollutant migration depths of different soil layers by adopting Thiessen polygons to obtain a pollutant migration depth block diagram.
Specifically, each sampling point on the actual polluted site has a corresponding migration depth, the sampling points are relatively discrete, and the migration depths of the sampling points are different, so that the Thiessen polygons are adopted to partition the migration depths of pollutants on different soil layers in the site, and the general working principle and process are as follows:
the Thiessen polygon is a subdivision method for a survey range plane, and is characterized in that any position in the polygon is closest to the distance between sampling points in the polygon and is far away from the distance between sampling points in adjacent polygons, and each polygon contains only one sampling point. The Thiessen polygon was constructed as follows:
input points (i.e., sample points) are scanned in left-to-right, top-to-bottom order.
And secondly, dividing an irregular triangular net meeting the delaunay criterion (namely, each triangle circumscribed circle does not contain other points) in all the points.
Making perpendicular bisectors on all sides of the triangle, forming the sides of the Thiessen polygon by the perpendicular bisectors, and determining the position of a folding point of the Thiessen polygon by the intersection point of the perpendicular bisectors.
And S400, overlapping the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer, calculating the soil restoration amount of the polluted site according to the area to be restored on the overlapped map, and acquiring the inflection point coordinate of the area to be restored for subsequent soil restoration construction.
Specifically, the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer are superposed to obtain a superposed map of each soil layer. The method comprises the steps that a region to be repaired on an overlay of each soil layer comprises a plurality of independent regions, each region comprises a plurality of blocks, the blocks of each region are obtained according to a Thiessen polygon, each block corresponds to a pollutant migration depth, the volume of each block is obtained according to the area and the pollutant migration depth of each block, and the volumes of all blocks in all the regions to be repaired of different soil layers are summed to obtain the soil repairing quantity of the polluted site. And the inflection point coordinate of the area to be repaired is the simplified inflection point on the boundary contour of the area to be repaired.
In the embodiment, the boundary outline of the area to be repaired is simplified by combining with the actual construction requirement, for example, the boundary line of the area to be repaired is changed from a curve to a broken line, so that the actual construction is facilitated; and superposing the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map, and calculating the remediation quantity of the soil in the polluted site according to the area to be remedied on the superposed map, so that the remediation quantity of the soil in the polluted site can be estimated more reasonably, and the remediation quantity can be calculated more accurately.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a method for calculating a soil remediation amount of a contaminated site includes:
and S000, respectively sampling soil at a plurality of sampling points of the polluted site, and testing the pollutant concentration of the obtained soil sample to obtain soil sample data.
Step S110, according to the situation of the ground layering of the site, processing soil sample data of the polluted site to obtain sample data of each soil layer;
adding all soil sample data belonging to the same soil layer and at the same sampling point from soil sample data of a polluted site, and averaging, wherein the obtained average value is used as the sample data of the corresponding sampling point of the corresponding soil layer; and constructing sample data of all sampling points belonging to the same soil layer into corresponding soil layer sample data.
Step S120, interpolating data of other unmeasured positions by adopting an inverse distance weight method according to sample data of each soil layer, and thus obtaining the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer;
step S130, classifying the pollution risks according to the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer and by referring to the soil background value and the soil pollutant concentration limit value to obtain a pollution risk distribution map of the corresponding soil layer.
Step S210, selecting an area with a pollution risk level reaching a preset level as an area to be repaired according to the pollution risk distribution map;
step S220, based on the Douglas-Puck algorithm, removing redundant break points from the boundary contour of the area to be repaired according to the preset maximum allowable offset to obtain a first simplified boundary contour;
step S230, based on a Zhou-Jones algorithm, removing redundant break points from the first simplified boundary contour according to a preset minimum area;
the preset maximum allowable offset is 2-4 meters, and the preset minimum area is 20-40 square meters;
step S300, according to the soil sample data, partitioning the pollutant migration depths of different soil layers by adopting Thiessen polygons to obtain a pollutant migration depth block diagram;
and S400, overlapping the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer, calculating the soil restoration amount of the polluted site according to the area to be restored on the overlapped map, and acquiring the inflection point coordinate of the area to be restored for subsequent soil restoration construction.
Specifically, taking a certain area of Qinghai as an example, a certain chemical plant of Qinghai mainly produces chlorate, and the production is stopped in 2010. The region has residential areas except the east, the east is a farmland, and the west is used for land occupation such as residential areas, schools and the like. The area of the original site of the factory is about 19000m2The data in the site geotechnical engineering survey report shows that the soil layer is divided into three layers from top to bottom, namely ① layers of plain filling soil (with the thickness of 0.7-0.9 m) and ② layers of loess-shaped silty clay (with the thickness of 6.8-7.2 m) and ③ layers of pebbles (with the thickness of 5.2-5.6 m), the stratum is located on the same landform unit, and the engineering characteristics are not obviously changed.
Collect soil sample in the field through engineering drilling, 23 sampling points in total and each sampling point carries out the multiple spot sample at the vertical depth within 13 meters, for example, carry out the sampling of different degree of depth with 0.5 meter interval, until heavy metal concentration in the soil is within the safety limit, for example is less than portable heavy metal measurement appearance (XRF) and detects the limit. And (4) sending the detected samples with the pollutant concentration exceeding the standard to a laboratory for analysis to obtain the pollutant concentration of each sample, wherein the data form soil sample data. Soil sample data indicates migration of the contaminant to the second soil layer.
Processing soil sample data according to the layering condition of the ground rock, adding the soil sample data belonging to the same soil layer and at the same sampling point, and averaging to obtain an average value as the sample data of the corresponding sampling point of the corresponding soil layer; and constructing sample data of all sampling points belonging to the same soil layer into corresponding soil layer sample data.
The sample data of each sampling point of each soil layer can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein
The measured data mean value (x ═ 1,2,3.. said, n) of the soil sample pollutant of the x-th soil layer,
Cithe method is characterized in that the method is used for sampling the ith sample data (i ═ 1,2,3.. times, n) of the same soil layer for the same soil sampling point.
And carrying out interpolation on the sample data of each soil layer by an inverse distance weight method to obtain data of the unmeasured position. According to the data of the sampling points and the data of the unmeasured positions, the pollutant concentration of each position of the same soil layer is obtained, the pollutant layered distribution situation is described according to the pollutant concentration, the pollution risk is classified in a grading way according to the soil background value and the second type of land control value of pollutants of the soil environment quality-construction land soil pollution risk control standard (as shown in figure 5), and the pollution risk distribution map of each soil layer is obtained.
And selecting the area with high pollution risk level as the area to be repaired according to the pollution risk distribution map. And simplifying the boundary outline of the area to be repaired by combining the actual construction requirements. Firstly, removing points of the boundary outline of the region to be repaired by adopting a Douglas-Puck algorithm, wherein the algorithm principle is as follows:
connecting the first point and the last point of each curve to obtain a trend line, solving the vertical distance between all the points on the curve and the trend line, and finding out the maximum distance value dmax, comparing the dmax with the tolerance D (D is the maximum allowable offset in the preset simplified tolerance): if dmax < D, the middle points on this curve are all dropped; if dmax is larger than or equal to D, retaining the coordinate point corresponding to dmax, dividing the curve into two parts by taking the point as a boundary so as to form two new trend lines, then measuring the vertical distance from the remaining folding points to the two lines, and continuing the whole process until all the folding points with the distance from the trend lines smaller than the tolerance are deleted so as to obtain a first simplified boundary profile.
And removing redundant break points of the first simplified boundary contour by adopting a Zhou-Jones algorithm according to a preset minimum area in a preset simplified tolerance, so as to obtain a simplified boundary contour of the region to be repaired. And obtaining the effective triangle area of each break point on the boundary through a Zhou-Jones algorithm, and removing the break point if the effective triangle area of the break point is smaller than a preset minimum area in a preset simplified tolerance.
The boundary contour of the area to be repaired is simplified through a Douglas-Puck algorithm and a Zhou-Jones algorithm, for example, the boundary contour to be repaired is changed into a broken line segment from a curve, so that the actual construction requirement is better met.
The simplification of the area to be repaired is handled by the charting integrated tool box of arcgis10.2 and the maximum allowable offset of the simplification tolerance is set to 2 meters and the minimum area is set to 20 square meters. Extracting the break points in the simplified graph into a shape file by adopting an ArcGISI 10.2 element tool box; processing the shape file of the folding point by adopting a conventional tool box of ArcGISI 10.2, and deleting the point elements overlapped in the point set; and (5) carrying out (x, y) coordinate assignment on the processed shape file by adopting an ArcGISI 10.2 element tool box to obtain the coordinates of each inflection point of the simplified diagram.
And partitioning the migration depths of the pollutants in different soil layers by adopting Thiessen polygons to obtain a pollutant migration depth distribution diagram, wherein each partitioned block in the first soil layer and the second soil layer corresponds to one Thiessen polygon and corresponds to one pollutant migration depth.
And superposing the pollution risk distribution map of the same soil layer and the pollutant migration depth block map, and summing the volumes of all blocks in all to-be-repaired areas of different soil layers to obtain the soil repairing quantity of the polluted site. As shown in fig. 6, the total amount of the first layer of soil blocks to be repaired 10, 11, 13, 15, 19, 26, 31, 37, 38, 40 and 42 is 3631.77m3(ii) a The total amount of the second layer of soil blocks to be repaired 26, 28, 32, 39, 44, 53, 55 and 58 is 10253.92m3。
According to the method for calculating and optimizing the amount of the polluted site soil remediation, a complex pollutant distribution three-dimensional model is simplified, and simple polluted soil blocks are obtained through division, so that the corresponding amount of the soil remediation is calculated; the actual construction requirements are fully considered, the coordinates of the inflection point of the contaminated soil block are obtained, and the design and the implementation of the actual soil remediation construction engineering are facilitated.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a system for calculating a soil remediation amount for a contaminated site includes:
the pollution risk assessment module 110 is configured to obtain pollution risk distribution maps of different soil layers of the polluted site according to soil sample data of the polluted site;
the to-be-repaired area simplifying module 120 is used for selecting an area with a pollution risk level reaching a preset level as the to-be-repaired area according to the pollution risk distribution map, and simplifying the boundary outline of the to-be-repaired area according to a preset simplifying tolerance;
the migration depth evaluation module 130 is configured to perform block partitioning on the migration depths of the pollutants in different soil layers by using a Thiessen polygon according to the soil sample data to obtain a pollutant migration depth block diagram;
and the restoration amount calculation module 140 is configured to superimpose the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer, calculate the restoration amount of the soil in the polluted site according to the area to be restored on the superimposed map, and obtain the inflection point coordinate of the area to be restored, so as to be used for subsequent soil restoration construction.
Specifically, the soil sample data is obtained by sampling soil on site and performing experimental analysis on the sampled soil. The soil sample data reflects the concentration of the pollutants contained in the soil. In consideration of the cost of manpower and material resources, sampling points of on-site soil sampling are limited, and according to soil sample data, the pollutant concentration of unmeasured points is obtained through spatial interpolation, so that the pollution distribution of different soil layers is obtained; and obtaining a pollution risk distribution map of each soil layer according to the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer and the definition of the pollution risk grade by national or industrial standards.
For example, the pollution risk level is divided into three levels, namely high level, medium level and low level; if the preset level is medium, selecting areas with medium or above pollution risk levels, namely the high and medium areas as areas to be repaired; and if the preset grade is high, selecting the area with the high pollution risk grade as the area to be repaired. And simplifying the boundary outline of the area to be repaired under the condition of little influence on the soil repairing amount so as to be beneficial to subsequent soil repairing construction. The border outline of the zone to be repaired can be simplified by using the Douglas-Pock algorithm, and/or the Wang-Muller algorithm, and/or the Zhou-Jones algorithm. The douglas-pock algorithm preserves the key points of the basic shape that make up the boundary contour, while removing all other points; the algorithm measures the vertical distance from each break point on the boundary to the trend line, and break points whose distance from the trend line is less than the tolerance are deleted. The Wang-muller algorithm finds the bends on the boundary and analyzes their characteristics by shape recognition techniques, and then eliminates extraneous bends. The Zhou-Jones algorithm identifies the effective triangle area for each break point on the boundary, then weights the triangles using a series of metrics to compare the flatness, skewness, and convexity of each area, and guided the removal of the corresponding break point by the weighted area to simplify the surface contour while preserving as much of the features as possible.
Each sampling point location on the actual contaminated site all has corresponding migration depth, and the sampling point location is discrete relatively, and the migration depth of every sampling point location differs, so adopt the Thiessen polygon to carry out the subregion district to the pollutant migration depth of different soil layers in the place, and approximate theory of operation and process are as follows:
the Thiessen polygon is a subdivision method for a survey range plane, and is characterized in that any position in the polygon is closest to the distance between sampling points in the polygon and is far away from the distance between sampling points in adjacent polygons, and each polygon contains only one sampling point. The Thiessen polygon was constructed as follows:
input points (i.e., sample points) are scanned in left-to-right, top-to-bottom order.
And secondly, dividing an irregular triangular net meeting the delaunay criterion (namely, each triangle circumscribed circle does not contain other points) in all the points.
Making perpendicular bisectors on all sides of the triangle, forming the sides of the Thiessen polygon by the perpendicular bisectors, and determining the position of a folding point of the Thiessen polygon by the intersection point of the perpendicular bisectors.
And overlapping the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer to obtain an overlapped map of each soil layer. The method comprises the steps that a region to be repaired on an overlay of each soil layer comprises a plurality of independent regions, each region comprises a plurality of blocks, the blocks of each region are obtained according to a Thiessen polygon, each block corresponds to a pollutant migration depth, the volume of each block is obtained according to the area and the pollutant migration depth of each block, and the volumes of all blocks in all the regions to be repaired of different soil layers are summed to obtain the soil repairing quantity of the polluted site. And the inflection point coordinate of the area to be repaired is the simplified inflection point on the boundary contour of the area to be repaired.
In the embodiment, the boundary outline of the area to be repaired is simplified by combining with the actual construction requirement, for example, the boundary line of the area to be repaired is changed from a curve to a broken line, so that the actual construction is facilitated; and superposing the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map, and calculating the remediation quantity of the soil in the polluted site according to the area to be remedied on the superposed map, so that the remediation quantity of the soil in the polluted site can be estimated more reasonably, and the remediation quantity can be calculated more accurately.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a system for calculating a soil remediation amount for a contaminated site includes:
the sample data acquisition module 100 is configured to perform soil sampling on a plurality of sampling points in the contaminated site, and perform pollutant concentration testing on the obtained soil sample to obtain soil sample data.
The pollution risk evaluation module 110 is used for processing soil sample data of the polluted site according to the layering condition of the rock soil of the site to obtain sample data of each soil layer; adding all soil sample data belonging to the same soil layer and at the same sampling point from soil sample data of a polluted site, and averaging, wherein the obtained average value is used as the sample data of the corresponding sampling point of the corresponding soil layer; constructing sample data of all sampling points belonging to the same soil layer into corresponding soil layer sample data; interpolating data of other unmeasured positions by adopting an inverse distance weight method according to the sample data of each soil layer, thereby obtaining the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer; and classifying the pollution risks according to the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer and by referring to the soil background value and the soil pollutant concentration limit value to obtain a pollution risk distribution map of the corresponding soil layer.
The to-be-repaired area simplifying module 120 is used for selecting an area with a pollution risk level reaching a preset level as the to-be-repaired area according to the pollution risk distribution map; removing redundant break points from the boundary contour of the to-be-repaired area according to the preset maximum allowable offset based on the Douglas-Puck algorithm to obtain a first simplified boundary contour; based on a Zhou-Jones algorithm, removing redundant break points from the first simplified boundary contour according to a preset minimum area; wherein the preset maximum allowable offset is 2-4 meters, and the preset minimum area is 20-40 square meters.
The migration depth evaluation module 130 is configured to perform block partitioning on the migration depths of the pollutants in different soil layers by using a Thiessen polygon according to the soil sample data to obtain a pollutant migration depth block diagram;
and the restoration amount calculation module 140 is configured to superimpose the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer, calculate the restoration amount of the soil in the polluted site according to the area to be restored on the superimposed map, and acquire the inflection point coordinate of the area to be restored for subsequent soil restoration construction.
Specifically, taking a certain area of Qinghai as an example, a certain chemical plant of Qinghai mainly produces chlorate, and the production is stopped in 2010. The region has residential areas except the east, the east is a farmland, and the west is used for land occupation such as residential areas, schools and the like. The area of the original site of the factory is about 19000m2The data in the site geotechnical engineering investigation report shows that the soil layers are divided into three layers from top to bottom, ① layers of plain filling soil (thickness 0.7-0.9 m) and ② layers of loess-like silty clay (thickness 6.8-7.2 m) ③ layers of ovumThe stone (thickness 5.2-5.6 m) and the stratum are on the same landform unit, and the engineering characteristics have no obvious change.
Collect soil sample in the field through engineering drilling, 23 sampling points in total and each sampling point carries out the multiple spot sample at the vertical depth within 13 meters, for example, carry out the sampling of different degree of depth with 0.5 meter interval, until heavy metal concentration in the soil is within the safety limit, for example is less than portable heavy metal measurement appearance (XRF) and detects the limit. And (4) sending the detected samples with the pollutant concentration exceeding the standard to a laboratory for analysis to obtain the pollutant concentration of each sample, wherein the data form soil sample data. Soil sample data indicates migration of the contaminant to the second soil layer.
Processing soil sample data according to the layering condition of the ground rock, adding the soil sample data belonging to the same soil layer and at the same sampling point, and averaging to obtain an average value as the sample data of the corresponding sampling point of the corresponding soil layer; and constructing sample data of all sampling points belonging to the same soil layer into corresponding soil layer sample data.
The sample data of each sampling point of each soil layer can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein
The measured data mean value (x ═ 1,2,3.. said, n) of the soil sample pollutant of the x-th soil layer,
Cithe method is characterized in that the method is used for sampling the ith sample data (i ═ 1,2,3.. times, n) of the same soil layer for the same soil sampling point.
And carrying out interpolation on the sample data of each soil layer by an inverse distance weight method to obtain data of the unmeasured position. According to the data of the sampling points and the data of the unmeasured positions, the pollutant concentration of each position of the same soil layer is obtained, the pollutant layered distribution situation is described according to the pollutant concentration, the pollution risk is classified in a grading way according to the soil background value and the second type of land control value of pollutants of the soil environment quality-construction land soil pollution risk control standard (as shown in figure 5), and the pollution risk distribution map of each soil layer is obtained.
And selecting the area with high pollution risk level as the area to be repaired according to the pollution risk distribution map. And simplifying the boundary outline of the area to be repaired by combining the actual construction requirements. Firstly, removing points of the boundary outline of the region to be repaired by adopting a Douglas-Puck algorithm, wherein the algorithm principle is as follows:
connecting the first point and the last point of each curve to obtain a trend line, solving the vertical distance between all the points on the curve and the trend line, and finding out the maximum distance value dmax, comparing the dmax with the tolerance D (D is the maximum allowable offset in the preset simplified tolerance): if dmax < D, the middle points on this curve are all dropped; if dmax is larger than or equal to D, retaining the coordinate point corresponding to dmax, dividing the curve into two parts by taking the point as a boundary so as to form two new trend lines, then measuring the vertical distance from the remaining folding points to the two lines, and continuing the whole process until all the folding points with the distance from the trend lines smaller than the tolerance are deleted so as to obtain a first simplified boundary profile.
And removing redundant break points of the first simplified boundary contour by adopting a Zhou-Jones algorithm according to a preset minimum area in a preset simplified tolerance, so as to obtain a simplified boundary contour of the region to be repaired. And obtaining the effective triangle area of each break point on the boundary through a Zhou-Jones algorithm, and removing the break point if the effective triangle area of the break point is smaller than a preset minimum area in a preset simplified tolerance.
The boundary contour of the area to be repaired is simplified through a Douglas-Puck algorithm and a Zhou-Jones algorithm, for example, the boundary contour to be repaired is changed into a broken line segment from a curve, so that the actual construction requirement is better met.
The simplification of the area to be repaired is handled by the charting integrated tool box of arcgis10.2 and the maximum allowable offset of the simplification tolerance is set to 2 meters and the minimum area is set to 20 square meters. Extracting the break points in the simplified graph into a shape file by adopting an ArcGISI 10.2 element tool box; processing the shape file of the folding point by adopting a conventional tool box of ArcGISI 10.2, and deleting the point elements overlapped in the point set; and (5) carrying out (x, y) coordinate assignment on the processed shape file by adopting an ArcGISI 10.2 element tool box to obtain the coordinates of each inflection point of the simplified diagram.
And partitioning the migration depths of the pollutants in different soil layers by adopting Thiessen polygons to obtain a pollutant migration depth distribution diagram, wherein each partitioned block in the first soil layer and the second soil layer corresponds to one Thiessen polygon and corresponds to one pollutant migration depth.
And superposing the pollution risk distribution map of the same soil layer and the pollutant migration depth block map, and summing the volumes of all blocks in all to-be-repaired areas of different soil layers to obtain the soil repairing quantity of the polluted site. As shown in fig. 6, the total amount of the first layer of soil blocks to be repaired 10, 11, 13, 15, 19, 26, 31, 37, 38, 40 and 42 is 3631.77m3(ii) a The total amount of the second layer of soil blocks to be repaired 26, 28, 32, 39, 44, 53, 55 and 58 is 10253.92m3。
According to the method for calculating and optimizing the amount of the polluted site soil remediation, a complex pollutant distribution three-dimensional model is simplified, and simple polluted soil blocks are obtained through division, so that the corresponding amount of the soil remediation is calculated; the actual construction requirements are fully considered, the coordinates of the inflection point of the contaminated soil block are obtained, and the design and the implementation of the actual soil remediation construction engineering are facilitated.
It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for calculating the soil remediation quantity of a contaminated site is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining pollution risk distribution maps of different soil layers of the polluted site according to soil sample data of the polluted site;
selecting an area with a pollution risk level reaching a preset level as an area to be repaired according to the pollution risk distribution map, and simplifying the boundary outline of the area to be repaired according to a preset simplification tolerance;
according to the soil sample data, partitioning the migration depths of the pollutants in different soil layers by adopting Thiessen polygons to obtain a pollutant migration depth block diagram;
superposing the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer, calculating the soil restoration amount of a polluted site according to the area to be restored on the superposed map, and acquiring the inflection point coordinate of the area to be restored for subsequent soil restoration construction;
the method for simplifying the boundary contour of the region to be repaired according to the preset simplification tolerance specifically comprises the following steps:
removing redundant break points from the boundary contour of the area to be repaired according to the preset maximum allowable offset based on the Douglas-Puck algorithm to obtain a first simplified boundary contour;
based on a Zhou-Jones algorithm, removing redundant break points from the first simplified boundary contour according to a preset minimum area;
the method includes the steps of superposing the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer, and calculating the soil remediation quantity of the polluted site according to the area to be remedied on the superposed map, and specifically includes the following steps:
superposing the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer to obtain an superposed map of each soil layer;
calculating the volume of each block according to the area of each block in the area to be repaired on the superposition map of each soil layer and the migration depth of pollutants corresponding to the block;
and adding the volumes of all the blocks in all the areas to be repaired of different soil layers to obtain the soil repairing quantity of the polluted site.
2. The method for calculating the soil remediation quantity of the contaminated site according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the pollution risk distribution map of different soil layers of the contaminated site according to the soil sample data of the contaminated site specifically includes:
processing soil sample data of a polluted site according to the rock-soil layering condition of the site to obtain sample data of each soil layer; according to the sample data of each soil layer, interpolating data of other unmeasured positions by adopting an inverse distance weight method, thereby obtaining the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer;
and classifying the pollution risks according to the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer and by referring to the soil background value and the soil pollutant concentration limit value to obtain a pollution risk distribution map of the corresponding soil layer.
3. The method for calculating the soil remediation quantity of the contaminated site according to claim 2, wherein the step of processing the soil sample data of the contaminated site to obtain the sample data of each soil layer comprises:
adding and averaging all soil sample data belonging to the same sampling point of the same soil layer from soil sample data of a polluted site, and taking the obtained average value as the sample data of the corresponding sampling point of the corresponding soil layer; and constructing sample data of all sampling points belonging to the same soil layer into corresponding soil layer sample data.
4. The method for calculating the soil remediation amount of the contaminated site according to claim 1, comprising:
the preset maximum allowable offset is 2-4 meters, and the preset minimum area is 20-40 square meters.
5. The method for calculating the soil remediation quantity of the contaminated site according to claim 1, wherein before the obtaining of the pollution risk distribution map of different soil layers of the contaminated site according to the soil sample data of the contaminated site, the method comprises:
soil sampling is carried out on a plurality of sampling points of the polluted site respectively, and soil sample data is obtained by carrying out pollutant concentration test on the obtained soil sample.
6. A system for calculating a remediation amount for contaminated site soil, comprising:
the pollution risk evaluation module is used for obtaining pollution risk distribution maps of different soil layers of the polluted site according to soil sample data of the polluted site;
the to-be-repaired area simplifying module is used for selecting an area with a pollution risk level reaching a preset level as a to-be-repaired area according to the pollution risk distribution map and simplifying the boundary outline of the to-be-repaired area according to a preset simplifying tolerance;
the migration depth evaluation module is used for partitioning the migration depths of the pollutants in different soil layers by adopting Thiessen polygons according to the soil sample data to obtain a pollutant migration depth block diagram;
the restoration amount calculation module is used for superposing the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer, calculating the restoration amount of the soil of the polluted site according to the area to be restored on the superposed map, and acquiring the inflection point coordinate of the area to be restored for subsequent soil restoration construction;
the to-be-repaired area simplifying module is further used for removing redundant break points of the to-be-repaired area boundary contour according to the preset maximum allowable offset based on the Douglas-Pock algorithm to obtain a first simplified boundary contour; based on a Zhou-Jones algorithm, removing redundant break points from the first simplified boundary contour according to a preset minimum area;
the restoration amount calculation module is further configured to superimpose the pollution risk distribution map and the pollutant migration depth block map of the same soil layer to obtain a superimposed map of each soil layer; calculating the volume of each block according to the area of each block in the area to be repaired on the superposition map of each soil layer and the migration depth of pollutants corresponding to the block; and adding the volumes of all the blocks in all the areas to be repaired of different soil layers to obtain the soil repairing quantity of the polluted site.
7. The system for calculating the remediation quantity of contaminated site soil according to claim 6, wherein:
the pollution risk evaluation module is further used for processing soil sample data of the polluted site according to the rock-soil layering condition of the site to obtain sample data of each soil layer; according to the sample data of each soil layer, interpolating data of other unmeasured positions by adopting an inverse distance weight method, thereby obtaining the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer; and classifying the pollution risks according to the pollutant concentration of each position of each soil layer and by referring to the soil background value and the soil pollutant concentration limit value to obtain a pollution risk distribution map of the corresponding soil layer.
8. The system for calculating the remediation quantity for contaminated site soil according to claim 6, further comprising:
the sample data acquisition module is used for respectively sampling soil at a plurality of sampling points of the polluted site and testing the concentration of pollutants in the obtained soil sample to obtain soil sample data.
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