CN113269871A - Rock-fill dam deformation field reconstruction method based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion - Google Patents
Rock-fill dam deformation field reconstruction method based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock-fill dam deformation field reconstruction method based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion, which comprises the following steps: acquiring vertical deformation data of a first rock-fill dam, vertical deformation data of a second rock-fill dam and horizontal deformation data of the second rock-fill dam; obtaining third rock-fill dam vertical deformation data based on the first rock-fill dam vertical deformation data and the second rock-fill dam vertical deformation data; acquiring azimuth deformation data of the first rock-fill dam, and obtaining an east-west deformation vector and a north-south deformation vector of the rock-fill dam through a joint calculation model based on the azimuth deformation data of the first rock-fill dam and the horizontal deformation data of the second rock-fill dam; and constructing a three-dimensional deformation field of the appearance of the rock-fill dam based on the vertical deformation data of the third rock-fill dam, the east-west deformation vector and the north-south deformation vector. The invention fuses the InSAR observation result with the monitoring result of the traditional monitoring technology, has higher quality compared with a single monitoring mode, emphasizes the complementarity among data and solves the problem of missing judgment or erroneous judgment of actual deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering and geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a rockfill dam deformation field reconstruction method based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion.
Background
At present, the rock-fill dam safety monitoring technology lags behind the development of dam engineering design theory and construction technology, the characteristics of multi-dimensional deformation, wide area and long line length of a high rock-fill dam are difficult to meet, and in order to adapt to the deformation monitoring requirement of the high rock-fill dam, some new technical means appear in the rock-fill dam deformation monitoring field in recent years by improving the prior art, researching and developing new technology or introducing mature technology in other fields, for example, InSAR technology which is widely applied to the field of disasters. The InSAR technology has the advantages of all weather, all-time, wide coverage range, high spatial resolution, no influence of severe weather and the like, and the characteristics of high spatial resolution and continuous real-time monitoring greatly make up for the defect that the traditional monitoring technology (such as a water pipe type settlement gauge, a tension wire type horizontal displacement meter, leveling measurement and the like) can only arrange scattered and discontinuous monitoring points at key positions and acquire scattered deformation data by a method of replacing the surface with points and replacing the whole with parts. However, due to the characteristics of squint imaging of the SAR sensor, the observation result of the InSAR technology is the projection of the real three-dimensional deformation of the earth surface on the radar sight line, the real deformation characteristics and the evolution rule of the ground object are difficult to reflect, and the InSAR technology is easily affected by atmosphere and loss correlation, so that the single-point monitoring precision is slightly lower than that of the traditional monitoring technology. Therefore, the novel monitoring technology and the traditional monitoring technology have advantages respectively, and have good complementarity, the advantages of the novel monitoring technology and the traditional monitoring technology are complemented, and the method for reconstructing the three-dimensional deformation field of the rock-fill dam by utilizing the multi-source data is an effective scheme for solving the difficult problem of monitoring the deformation of the rock-fill dam.
The deformation distribution of the whole dam body is required to be mastered when the working state of the rock-fill dam is accurately evaluated, and the conventional method is to carry out finite element numerical simulation and mainly depends on priori knowledge and experience. The deformation of the rock-fill dam is restricted by multi-factor coupling, particularly the high rock-fill dam, the stress deformation characteristic of the rock-fill dam is complex and highly nonlinear due to the long construction period, the complex filling and water storage process, the particle breakage caused by high stress and the like, and the parameters, the actual mechanical characteristics and the like of the constitutive model are different from the prior knowledge, so that the numerical simulation result of the finite element is different from the actual condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that observation mechanisms of a rock-fill dam are different from those of the traditional monitoring technology, and the difference of spatial-temporal resolution, precision and the like of multi-source monitoring data is large, how to effectively reconstruct a rock-fill dam deformation field by utilizing deformation monitoring information to evaluate the working performance, and provides a rock-fill dam deformation field reconstruction method based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a rock-fill dam deformation field reconstruction method based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion comprises the following steps: acquiring vertical deformation data of a first rockfill dam based on a traditional method, acquiring line-of-sight deformation data of the rockfill dam based on a time series InSAR method, wherein the line-of-sight deformation data of the rockfill dam comprises vertical deformation data of a second rockfill dam and horizontal deformation data of the second rockfill dam,
the second rockfill dam vertical deformation data is a vertical decomposition vector of rockfill dam visual line direction deformation, and the second rockfill dam horizontal deformation data is a rockfill dam visual line direction deformation horizontal decomposition vector;
obtaining third rock-fill dam vertical deformation data through a multi-source data fusion method based on the first rock-fill dam vertical deformation data and the second rock-fill dam vertical deformation data;
acquiring the azimuth deformation data of the first rock-fill dam based on an improved multi-aperture InSAR method,
obtaining east-west deformation vectors and south-north deformation vectors of the rock-fill dam through a joint calculation model based on the first rock-fill dam azimuth deformation data and the second rock-fill dam horizontal deformation data;
and constructing a rock-fill dam appearance three-dimensional deformation field based on the third rock-fill dam vertical deformation data, the east-west deformation vector and the north-south deformation vector.
Preferably, the second rock-fill dam vertical deformation data and the first rock-fill dam vertical deformation data are fused based on a data assimilation algorithm to obtain the third rock-fill dam vertical deformation data.
Preferably, the step of obtaining the first rock-fill dam azimuth deformation data is to obtain time-series azimuth deformation by an improved multi-aperture InSAR method, so as to obtain the first rock-fill dam azimuth deformation data.
Preferably, the method for acquiring the view-line deformation data of the rock-fill dam comprises the following steps: based on the imaging geometry of the SAR image, the sight line direction deformation vector of any point on the ground is decomposed into a vertical projection deformation vector and a horizontal projection deformation vector, the vertical projection deformation vector is vertical deformation data of the second rock-fill dam, and the horizontal projection deformation vector is horizontal deformation data of the second rock-fill dam.
Preferably, a relation between the radar visual line deformation and the ground surface three-dimensional deformation is established based on the north-south deformation vector and the east-west deformation vector;
azimuth deformation D obtained based on improved multi-aperture InSAR technologyAZIAnd the three-dimensional deformation model is positioned in a two-dimensional plane formed by the east-west direction and the south-north direction, and the relation between the azimuth deformation and the three-dimensional deformation of the earth surface is established according to the set relation.
Preferably, the north-south deformation vector and the east-west deformation vector are:
DLOS＝DU·cosθ+DH·sinθ
DLOSis a line-of-sight distortion vector, DU、DHVertical deformation vectors and horizontal deformation vectors are respectively adopted; dE、DNDeformation vectors for east-west and north-south directions; theta is the radar incident angle, the incident angle is the included angle between the incident ray and the surface normal, alpha is the satellite flight azimuth angle, namely the clockwise included angle between the due north direction and the satellite flight direction,
is the included angle between the north direction and the horizontal direction.
Preferably, the relation between the radar line-of-sight deformation and the three-dimensional deformation of the ground surface is as follows:
preferably, the relationship between the azimuthal deformation and the three-dimensional deformation of the ground surface is:
Preferably, the improved method for multi-aperture InSAR is specifically: the data processing flow of the multi-aperture InSAR method is improved according to the same rule as the SBAS method by combining the multi-aperture InSAR method and the SBAS-InSAR method, an SAR image data set is divided into interference combinations with smaller time and space baselines as characteristics, an MAI interference graph is generated by using the multi-aperture InSAR method, and deformation information of an azimuth time sequence is obtained by applying an SBAS inversion step.
The invention has the technical effects that: according to the method, the InSAR observation result and the traditional monitoring technology monitoring result are intelligently fused, the result (such as indexes such as precision, resolution and the like) with higher quality than that of a single monitoring mode is obtained, the complementarity among data is emphasized, the multidimensional monitoring data are reconstructed into the rock-fill dam appearance three-dimensional deformation field through the combined calculation model so as to comprehensively master the deformation state of the rock-fill dam, and the problem that the actual deformation is missed or misjudged possibly caused by single-dimensional monitoring is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of data processing for the improved multi-aperture InSAR technique of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a line comparison diagram of a data fusion process based on a data assimilation algorithm according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of vertical deformation before and after data fusion according to the present invention, (a) before data fusion, and (b) after data fusion.
FIG. 5 is a comparison graph of accuracy before and after data fusion;
fig. 6 is a reconstructed image of the three-dimensional deformation field of the appearance of the rock-fill dam.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the apparent deformation field of the reconstructed water cloth bealock slab rock-fill dam visually reflects the overall deformation state of the dam body during months 2-2009-1 in 2007, wherein the colors and arrows represent the vertical and horizontal annual average rates of change, respectively (fig. 6). In the initial concentrated water storage stage of the positive-value bruclock slab rock-fill dam, obvious deformation mainly based on sedimentation occurs in the dam body, the annual sedimentation rate at the same point is generally larger than the annual average horizontal deformation rate, wherein the maximum sedimentation value occurs at the top and the middle of the downstream face plate, and the law that the sedimentation gradually decreases towards the downstream along the river direction and towards the two banks along the axial direction of the dam is presented; horizontal displacement has similar distribution law with subsiding along the river direction, and the maximum value appears in the top and the middle part of downstream panel equally, reduces gradually along the river direction with to both banks, and the left and right bank takes place to the mutual deformation of opposite bank, and the left bank is greater than the right bank, this is because the relatively slow reason of right bank slope.
The deformation distribution of the whole dam body needs to be mastered when the working state of the rock-fill dam is accurately evaluated, and the conventional method is to carry out finite element numerical simulation and mainly depends on priori knowledge and experience. The deformation of the rock-fill dam is restricted by multi-factor coupling, particularly the high rock-fill dam, the stress deformation characteristic of the rock-fill dam is complex and highly nonlinear due to the long construction period, the complex filling and water storage process, the particle breakage caused by high stress and the like, and the parameters, the actual mechanical characteristics and the like of the constitutive model are different from the prior knowledge, so that the numerical simulation result of the finite element is different from the actual condition. How to effectively utilize deformation monitoring information to reconstruct a rock-fill dam deformation field for working condition evaluation is one of key links of rock-fill dam deformation control, and large-range, space-time continuous monitoring data acquired by a rock-fill dam multi-level observation system provides possibility for the key links.
The traditional monitoring technology, such as a water tube type settlement gauge, a tension wire type horizontal displacement meter, leveling measurement and the like, has the advantages of high monitoring precision, reliable result, rich use experience and the like, but can only arrange scattered and discontinuous monitoring points at key positions and acquire discrete deformation data by a method of replacing points with surfaces and replacing local parts with whole bodies. The novel monitoring technology has the advantages of high automation degree, wide coverage area, flexible deployment and the like, the characteristics of high spatial resolution and continuous real-time monitoring greatly make up the defects of the traditional monitoring technology, for example, the InSAR technology which is widely applied to the field of ground disasters is adopted, but the InSAR technology is easily influenced by atmosphere and loss correlation, so that the single-point monitoring precision is slightly lower than that of the traditional monitoring technology, the observation result is the projection of real three-dimensional deformation of the ground surface on the radar visual line, and the real deformation characteristic and the evolution rule of ground objects are difficult to reflect, therefore, the advantages of the novel monitoring technology and the traditional monitoring technology are complemented, the three-dimensional deformation field of the appearance of the rock-fill dam is reconstructed by utilizing multi-source monitoring data, and the method is an effective scheme for solving the difficult problem of monitoring the deformation of the rock-fill dam.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the invention discloses a rockfill dam deformation field reconstruction method based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion, planar deformation of high spatial resolution of a hydrobelock panel rockfill dam is obtained through time sequence InSAR and multi-aperture InSAR technologies, InSAR monitoring and monitoring results of a traditional monitoring technology are fused through a data assimilation algorithm on the basis of prior information such as deformation range, trend and the like provided by monitoring results, a three-dimensional deformation field of the rockfill dam appearance is reconstructed through multi-dimensional monitoring data combined resolving, the deformation performance of the rockfill dam can be comprehensively mastered, and the problem that single-dimensional monitoring possibly causes missing judgment or misjudgment on actual deformation is solved.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring vertical deformation data of a first rockfill dam based on a traditional method, acquiring line-of-sight deformation data of the rockfill dam based on a time series InSAR method, wherein the line-of-sight deformation data of the rockfill dam comprises vertical deformation data of a second rockfill dam and horizontal deformation data of the second rockfill dam,
the second rockfill dam vertical deformation data is a vertical decomposition vector of rockfill dam visual line direction deformation, and the second rockfill dam horizontal deformation data is a rockfill dam visual line direction deformation horizontal decomposition vector;
obtaining third rock-fill dam vertical deformation data through a multi-source data fusion method based on the first rock-fill dam vertical deformation data and the second rock-fill dam vertical deformation data; the third rock-fill dam vertical deformation data is based on data with complementary advantages of the traditional and novel monitoring technologies.
Acquiring first rockfill dam azimuth deformation data based on an improved multi-aperture InSAR method, and obtaining east-west deformation vectors and north-south deformation vectors of rockfill dams through a combined calculation model based on the first rockfill dam azimuth deformation data and the second rockfill dam horizontal deformation data;
and constructing a rock-fill dam appearance three-dimensional deformation field based on the third rock-fill dam vertical deformation data, the east-west deformation vector and the north-south deformation vector.
And further optimizing the scheme, and fusing the vertical deformation data of the second rock-fill dam and the vertical deformation data of the first rock-fill dam based on a data assimilation algorithm to obtain the vertical deformation data of the third rock-fill dam. The effect before and after fusion can be clearly understood through the graph 4, the observation error caused by various noises in the InSAR technology is made up after the data monitored in the prior art is fused, and the accuracy and the reliability of the deformation data are ensured. Due to the influence of various noises, the InSAR technology causes discontinuity (before fusion) of deformation among partial pixels, and the result after data fusion better conforms to the rule of dam body deformation.
And further optimizing the scheme, wherein the step of acquiring the azimuth deformation data of the first rock-fill dam is to obtain the azimuth deformation of a time sequence by an improved multi-aperture InSAR method to obtain the azimuth deformation data of the first rock-fill dam.
Further optimizing the scheme, the method for acquiring the rockfill dam sight line deformation data comprises the following steps: based on the imaging geometry of the SAR image, the sight line direction deformation vector of any point on the ground is decomposed into a vertical projection deformation vector and a horizontal projection deformation vector, the vertical projection deformation vector is vertical deformation data of the second rock-fill dam, and the horizontal projection deformation vector is horizontal deformation data of the second rock-fill dam.
Further optimizing the scheme, establishing a relation between the radar visual line deformation and the earth surface three-dimensional deformation based on the north-south deformation vector and the east-west deformation vector;
azimuth deformation D obtained based on improved multi-aperture InSAR technologyAZIAnd the three-dimensional deformation model is positioned in a two-dimensional plane formed by the east-west direction and the south-north direction, and the relation between the azimuth deformation and the three-dimensional deformation of the earth surface is established according to the set relation.
In a further optimization scheme, the north-south deformation vector and the east-west deformation vector are as follows:
DLOS＝DU·cosθ+DH·sinθ
DLOSis a line-of-sight distortion vector, DU、DHVertical deformation vectors and horizontal deformation vectors are respectively adopted; dE、DNDeformation vectors for east-west and north-south directions(ii) a Theta is the radar incident angle, the incident angle is the included angle between the incident ray and the surface normal, alpha is the satellite flight azimuth angle, namely the clockwise included angle between the due north direction and the satellite flight direction,
is the included angle between the north direction and the horizontal direction.
According to a further optimization scheme, the relation between the radar visual line deformation and the earth surface three-dimensional deformation is as follows:
in a further optimization scheme, the relationship between the azimuth deformation and the three-dimensional deformation of the earth surface is as follows:
The improved method for the multi-aperture InSAR comprises the following specific steps: the method is characterized by combining a multi-aperture InSAR method and an SBAS-InSAR method, improving the data processing flow of the multi-aperture InSAR method according to the same rule as the SBAS method, determining a reasonable space-time baseline threshold value according to a space vertical baseline, a time baseline, coherence and the like of an SAR image, dividing the SAR image data set into interference combinations with small baseline sets as characteristics, generating an MAI interference diagram by using the multi-aperture InSAR method, and obtaining deformation information of an azimuth time sequence by applying an SBAS inversion step.
The invention can obtain the azimuth deformation result of the time sequence by the improved multi-aperture InSAR technology. In order to obtain the azimuth deformation of the time sequence, the data processing flow of the multi-aperture InSAR technology is improved according to the same rule as the SBAS method by combining the multi-aperture InSAR technology and the SBAS-InSAR technology in the time sequence InSAR technology. Dividing an SAR image data set into interference combinations with smaller time and space baselines as characteristics, generating an MAI interference graph by using a multi-aperture InSAR method, applying an SBAS inversion step to obtain deformation information of an azimuth time sequence, and providing a foundation for reconstructing an appearance deformation field of the rock-fill dam by the obtained azimuth large-range planar deformation information.
In addition, the method for reconstructing the rock-fill dam appearance deformation field is based on multi-source data fusion and a joint calculation model. The monitoring result of the time series InSAR technology is fused with the monitoring result of the traditional monitoring technology to improve the dam settlement monitoring quality and obtain higher-quality results (such as indexes of precision, resolution and the like) compared with a single monitoring mode, the east-west deformation and the south-north deformation are obtained by utilizing the time series azimuth deformation obtained by the improved multi-aperture InSAR data and the sight line deformation obtained by the time series InSAR technology through a combined solution model to reconstruct an appearance three-dimensional deformation field of the rock-fill dam, the accurate grasp of the deformation state of the rock-fill dam is realized, and the problem of misjudgment or missed judgment of the actual deformation by the single-dimensional deformation monitoring is solved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A rock-fill dam deformation field reconstruction method based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining vertical deformation data of a first rockfill dam based on a traditional monitoring method, obtaining line-of-sight deformation data of the rockfill dam based on a time series InSAR method, wherein the line-of-sight deformation data of the rockfill dam comprises vertical deformation data of a second rockfill dam and horizontal deformation data of the second rockfill dam,
the second rockfill dam vertical deformation data is a vertical decomposition vector of rockfill dam visual line deformation, and the second rockfill dam horizontal deformation data is a horizontal decomposition vector of rockfill dam visual line deformation;
obtaining third rock-fill dam vertical deformation data through a multi-source data fusion method based on the first rock-fill dam vertical deformation data and the second rock-fill dam vertical deformation data;
acquiring the azimuth deformation data of the first rock-fill dam based on an improved multi-aperture InSAR method,
obtaining east-west deformation vectors and south-north deformation vectors of the rock-fill dam through a joint calculation model based on the first rock-fill dam azimuth deformation data and the second rock-fill dam horizontal deformation data;
and constructing a rock-fill dam appearance three-dimensional deformation field based on the third rock-fill dam vertical deformation data, the east-west deformation vector and the north-south deformation vector.
2. The method of claim 1 for reconstructing a deformation field of a rock-fill dam based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion,
and fusing the vertical deformation data of the second rock-fill dam and the vertical deformation data of the first rock-fill dam based on a data assimilation algorithm to obtain the vertical deformation data of the third rock-fill dam.
3. The method of claim 1 for reconstructing a deformation field of a rock-fill dam based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion,
the step of obtaining the first rock-fill dam azimuth deformation data is to obtain time-series azimuth deformation through an improved multi-aperture InSAR method, and then the first rock-fill dam azimuth deformation data is obtained.
4. The method for reconstructing the deformation field of the rock-fill dam based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method for obtaining the deformation data of the view direction of the rock-fill dam comprises the following steps: based on the imaging geometry of the SAR image, the sight line direction deformation vector of any point on the ground is decomposed into a vertical projection deformation vector and a horizontal projection deformation vector, the vertical projection deformation vector is vertical deformation data of the second rock-fill dam, and the horizontal projection deformation vector is horizontal deformation data of the second rock-fill dam.
5. The method of claim 4 for reconstructing a deformation field of a rock-fill dam based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion,
establishing a relation between radar visual line deformation and ground surface three-dimensional deformation based on the north-south deformation vector and the east-west deformation vector;
azimuth deformation D obtained based on improved multi-aperture InSAR technologyAZIAnd the three-dimensional deformation model is positioned in a two-dimensional plane formed by the east-west direction and the south-north direction, and the relation between the azimuth deformation and the three-dimensional deformation of the earth surface is established according to the set relation.
6. The method of claim 5 for reconstructing a deformation field of a rock-fill dam based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion,
the north-south deformation vector and the east-west deformation vector are as follows:
DLOS＝DU·cosθ+DH·sinθ
DLOSis a line-of-sight distortion vector, DU、DHVertical deformation vectors and horizontal deformation vectors are respectively adopted; dE、DNDeformation vectors for east-west and north-south directions; theta is the radar incident angle, the incident angle is the included angle between the incident ray and the surface normal, alpha is the satellite flight azimuth angle, namely the clockwise included angle between the due north direction and the satellite flight direction,
is the included angle between the north direction and the horizontal direction.
7. The method of claim 6 for reconstructing a deformation field of a rock-fill dam based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion,
the relation between the radar visual line deformation and the three-dimensional deformation of the earth surface is as follows:
8. the method of claim 7 for reconstructing a deformation field of a rock-fill dam based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion,
the relationship between the azimuth deformation and the three-dimensional deformation of the earth surface is as follows:
9. The method for reconstructing the deformation field of the rock-fill dam based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion as claimed in claim 3, wherein the improved multi-aperture InSAR method specifically comprises: the data processing flow of the multi-aperture InSAR method is improved according to the same rule as the SBAS method by combining the multi-aperture InSAR method and the SBAS-InSAR method, an SAR image data set is divided into interference combinations with smaller time and space baselines as characteristics, an MAI interference graph is generated by using the multi-aperture InSAR method, and deformation information of an azimuth time sequence is obtained by applying an SBAS inversion step.
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