CN110343830A - 一种钢带预热装置及降低取向硅钢钢带断带率的方法 - Google Patents
一种钢带预热装置及降低取向硅钢钢带断带率的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种钢带预热装置及降低冷轧取向硅钢钢带断带率的方法,在冷轧机前设置钢带预热装置,通过上部热辐射及下部热传导的方式对钢带进行轧前预热;钢带的预热温度为50~120℃;钢带预热装置由加热罩、加热辊、螺旋形电阻和环形排列电阻组成,加热辊外表面开设螺旋形凹槽,螺旋形凹槽内设有螺旋形电阻,螺旋形凹槽外侧通过导热绝缘外壳封闭;加热辊的上方设加热罩,多个电阻横贯在加热罩内组成环形排列电阻;加热罩能够通过升降装置升降,方便钢带穿带;本发明在环境温度‑15~20℃的条件下,能够将钢带预热至50~120℃,有效避免冷轧取向电工钢发生冷轧断带现象。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及冷轧取向硅钢生产技术领域,尤其涉及一种钢带预热装置及降低取向硅钢钢带断带率的方法。
背景技术
冷轧取向硅钢生产过程中的冷轧断带问题一直是制约产品批量生产的主要因素。一部分生产企业由于冷轧断导致成材率降低,生产成本大幅提高,盈利空间减少,甚至出现亏损。
为了解决冷轧取向硅钢的冷轧断带问题,采用二十辊森吉米尔轧机生产并且对钢带进行预热是一个有效的解决方案,但前提是钢带必须加热到韧脆转变温度以上。现有的钢带预热方法主要有以下几种:
1、水浴加法;该方法是将钢卷整体放入热水中加热。其存在主要问题是由于钢卷体积较大,整卷加热与水接触面积较小,水温只能控制在100度以下。所以采用该方法加热时间较长。另外由于采用热水加热,所以不能加热到较高温度,对脆转变温度接近100度的钢无法实现防断带的目的;
2、感应加热法;该方法是采用高频交流电源形成的涡流加热钢板,其存在的问题是:首先该方法需要较大电流,对电网要求较高;其次,由于高牌号硅钢硅钢含较高的硅,对抑制涡流作用较大,所以该方法加热效率较低;再次,该方法需要增加高频电源等设备,资金投入较高;最后,该方法还需要较大的空间存放设备。
3、火焰加热法;近年来有采用纯氧加煤气的明火加热方法,该方法存在的问题:一是火焰直接加热钢板,并且在纯氧的作用下易造成钢板氧化。二是煤气压力变化易造成火焰焰心变化影响加热效率。三是为了加大加热效率,该方法采用延钢带轧向分布较多的烧嘴,如果有断裂及换卷引带等操作,需要将烧嘴抬起,操作困难。四是需要较大的场地存放设备,已有轧机如果没有预留空间无法安装。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种钢带预热装置及降低取向硅钢钢带断带率的方法,在环境温度-15~20℃的条件下,能够将钢带预热至50~120℃,有效避免冷轧取向硅钢发生冷轧断带现象。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案实现:
一种钢带预热装置,由加热罩、加热辊、螺旋形电阻和环形排列电阻组成,加热辊外表面沿轴向开设螺旋形凹槽,螺旋形凹槽内设有螺旋形电阻,螺旋形凹槽外侧通过导热绝缘外壳封闭;加热辊的上方设加热罩,加热罩的底部开设与加热辊相配合的半圆孔,且加热罩上沿半圆孔周向均匀设有多个电阻,多个电阻横贯在加热罩内组成环形排列电阻;加热罩能够通过升降装置升降。
所述加热辊沿钢带传输方向设置多个,多个加热辊分别设对应的加热罩,多个加热罩通过一个升降装置同步升降。
所述加热辊沿钢带传输方向设置多个,多个加热辊共用一个加热罩,加热罩底部与各个加热辊一一对应地设有多组环形排列电阻。
一种降低取向硅钢钢带断带率的方法,所述取向硅钢的生产工艺路线是:铁水脱硫-转炉冶炼-RH精炼-连铸-热轧-常化-酸洗-冷轧-脱碳退火-MgO涂层-高温退火-平整退火-性能检验-包装;采用一种钢带预热装置实现;冷轧过程中,在冷轧机前设置钢带预热装置,通过上部热辐射及下部热传导的方式对钢带进行轧前预热;钢带的预热温度为50~120℃;
钢带进入冷轧机前,先自加热罩与加热辊之间的环形空间穿过,通过上方的多个环形排列电阻以及下方的螺旋形电阻共同进行加热;其中上方的环形排列电阻通过热辐射方式对钢带进行加热,下方的螺旋形电阻通过热传导方式对钢带进行加热;加热辊两侧分别设钢带转向辊;通过钢带转向辊保证钢带与加热辊紧密接触。
所述取向硅钢的化学成分按重量百分比计为:C 0.03%~0.07%;Si 2.90%~3.30%;Mn 0.05%~0.25%;P 0.001%~0.04%;S 0.004%~0.010%;Als 0.01%~0.04%;N 0.005%~0.010%;其余为Fe及不可避免的残余元素。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1)采用传导换热方式代替常规的辅射换热,在低温条件下有效提高加热效率;
2)采用在加热辊内部设电阻丝加热的方式,便于控制温度,将热能直接传递给钢带,能量利用率高;
3)采用数个加热辊即可实现预热目的,多个加热辊可以整体抬起或压下,便于更换新卷引带;
4)结构简单,维修方便。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述钢带预热装置的结构示意图。
图2是本发明所述加热辊的结构示意图。
图中:1.加热罩 2.环形排列电阻 3.加热辊 4.螺旋形电阻 5.钢带转向辊 6.导热绝缘外壳
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明:
如图1所示,本发明所述一种钢带预热装置,由加热罩1、加热辊3、螺旋形电阻4和环形排列电阻2组成,如图2所示,加热辊3外表面沿轴向开设螺旋形凹槽,螺旋形凹槽内设有螺旋形电阻4,螺旋形凹槽外侧通过导热绝缘外壳6封闭;加热辊3的上方设加热罩1,加热罩1的底部开设与加热辊3相配合的半圆孔,且加热罩1上沿半圆孔周向均匀设有多个电阻,多个电阻横贯在加热罩1内组成环形排列电阻2;加热罩1能够通过升降装置升降。
所述加热辊3沿钢带传输方向设置多个,多个加热辊3分别设对应的加热罩1,多个加热罩通过一个升降装置同步升降。
所述加热辊3沿钢带传输方向设置多个,多个加热辊3共用一个加热罩1,加热罩1底部与各个加热辊3一一对应地设有多组环形排列电阻2。
一种降低取向硅钢钢带断带率的方法,所述取向硅钢的生产工艺路线是:铁水脱硫-转炉冶炼-RH精炼-连铸-热轧-常化-酸洗-冷轧-脱碳退火-MgO涂层-高温退火-平整退火-性能检验-包装;采用本发明所述的一种钢带预热装置实现;冷轧过程中,在冷轧机前设置钢带预热装置,通过上部热辐射及下部热传导的方式对钢带进行轧前预热;钢带的预热温度为50~120℃;
钢带进入冷轧机前,先自加热罩1与加热辊3之间的环形空间穿过,通过上方的环形排列电阻2以及下方的螺旋形电阻4共同进行加热;其中上方的环形排列电阻2通过热辐射方式对钢带进行加热,下方的螺旋形电阻4通过热传导方式对钢带进行加热;加热辊3两侧分别设钢带转向辊5;通过钢带转向辊5保证钢带与加热辊3紧密接触。
以下实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。下述实施例中所用方法如无特别说明均为常规方法。
【实施例】
本实施例中,以生产取向硅钢为例,取向硅钢的化学成分按重量百分比计为:C:0.05%,Si:3.23%,Mn:0.17%,P:0.01%,S:0.008%,Als:0.04%,N:0.008%,其余为铁和不可避免的杂质元素。
取向硅钢的生产方法包括下列工艺步骤:
a)冶炼及连铸:采用转炉冶炼,RH真空精炼处理,钢水成分按上述要求控制,铸成230mm厚板坯;
b)热轧板坯出炉温度1130℃,初轧至42mm后进入精轧机组轧制。精轧开轧温度990℃,终轧温度880℃,卷取温度630℃;
c)热轧板经920℃常化处理;
d)酸洗后冷轧至0.5mm;
冷轧机采用森吉米尔型二十辊可逆轧机;在冷轧机前增加钢带预热装置,采用钢质的加热辊3预热钢带;加热辊3表面设有螺旋形凹槽,螺旋形凹槽内有安装有螺旋形电阻4提供热源,螺旋形凹槽内外侧通过导热绝缘外壳6封闭,将螺旋形电阻与钢带隔离,同时保证加热辊3的外表面为光滑有圆柱面。
为提高加热效率,在加热辊3外部设有可升降的加热罩1;加热罩1内布置有环形排列电阻2对钢带进行辅助加热;为保证钢带与加热辊3紧密接触,提高加热效率,在加热辊3的两侧设有钢带转向辊5。
本实施例中,冷轧过程的工艺参数如下表所示:
本实施例中,冷轧取向硅钢的断带率由常规的8%左右降低至1%左右,通过电阻加热,有效防止的冷轧断带的发生。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种钢带预热装置,其特征在于,由加热罩、加热辊、螺旋形电阻和环形排列电阻组成,加热辊外表面沿轴向开设螺旋形凹槽,螺旋形凹槽内设有螺旋形电阻,螺旋形凹槽外侧通过导热绝缘外壳封闭;加热辊的上方设加热罩,加热罩的底部开设与加热辊相配合的半圆孔,且加热罩上沿半圆孔周向均匀设有多个电阻,多个电阻横贯在加热罩内组成环形排列电阻;加热罩能够通过升降装置升降。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢带预热装置,其特征在于,所述加热辊沿钢带传输方向设置多个,多个加热辊分别设对应的加热罩,多个加热罩通过一个升降装置同步升降。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢带预热装置,其特征在于,所述加热辊沿钢带传输方向设置多个,多个加热辊共用一个加热罩,加热罩底部与各个加热辊一一对应地设有多组环形排列电阻。
4.一种降低取向硅钢钢带断带率的方法,所述取向硅钢的生产工艺路线是:铁水脱硫-转炉冶炼-RH精炼-连铸-热轧-常化-酸洗-冷轧-脱碳退火-MgO涂层-高温退火-平整退火-性能检验-包装;其特征在于,采用如权利要求1-3所述的任意一种钢带预热装置实现;冷轧过程中,在冷轧机前设置钢带预热装置,通过上部热辐射及下部热传导的方式对钢带进行轧前预热;钢带的预热温度为50~120℃;
钢带进入冷轧机前,先自加热罩与加热辊之间的环形空间穿过,通过上方的多个环形排列电阻以及下方的螺旋形电阻共同进行加热;其中上方的环形排列电阻通过热辐射方式对钢带进行加热,下方的螺旋形电阻通过热传导方式对钢带进行加热;加热辊两侧分别设钢带转向辊;通过钢带转向辊保证钢带与加热辊紧密接触。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种降低冷轧取向硅钢钢带断带率的方法,其特征在于,所述取向硅钢的化学成分按重量百分比计为:C 0.03%~0.07%;Si 2.90%~3.30%;Mn0.05%~0.25%;P 0.001%~0.04%;S 0.004%~0.010%;Als 0.01%~0.04%;N0.005%~0.010%;其余为Fe及不可避免的残余元素。
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