CN110342914A - 一种陶瓷型芯及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷型芯及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110342914A
CN110342914A CN201910592871.XA CN201910592871A CN110342914A CN 110342914 A CN110342914 A CN 110342914A CN 201910592871 A CN201910592871 A CN 201910592871A CN 110342914 A CN110342914 A CN 110342914A
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张绍森
于杰
冯显英
邹森
刘伟
张锋
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Jin Yonghe Seiko Manufacturing Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种陶瓷型芯及制备方法，它属于铸造领域，陶瓷型芯包括内层、外层以及强度层，所述内层以重量百分比计的组成成分为：耐火基体材料90‑95％，耐火基材料由200目二氧化硅75‑90％，120目二氧化硅5‑20％组成，碳酸钙5‑10％；外层以及强度层以重量百分比计的组成成分为：200目氧化铝85‑95％、1％增塑剂，6‑9％黏土，以及1％硅藻土，具体的制备方法包括配料、混合、制备料浆、成型烧结、高温强化、低温强化等步骤。

Description

一种陶瓷型芯及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及铸造领域，具体涉及一种陶瓷型芯及制备方法。
背景技术
空心叶片精密铸造由于叶片的结构容易出现变形导致尺寸超差，给叶片尺寸精度造成了影响，由于型砂在浇筑过程中和叶片凝固过程中的工作状态十分复杂，在浇筑液的作用下型砂承受弯曲力的同时，型芯的工作表面会受到浇筑液的冲击。
并且由于叶片内腔的结构特点不可能进行机械加工，其表面光洁度则完全取决于型芯的表面光洁度，硅溶胶精密铸造工艺可以生产出精密度高、表面光洁度好的铸件，但是不易清砂，质量重。
有鉴于上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明结合相关领域多年的设计及使用经验，辅以过强的专业知识，设计制造了一种陶瓷型芯及制备方法，来克服上述缺陷。
发明内容
对于现有技术中所存在的问题，本发明提供的一种陶瓷型芯及制备方法，能够有效解决其清砂问题以及气密性问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明所提供的技术方案为一种陶瓷型芯，包括内层、外层以及强度层，所述内层以重量百分比计的组成成分为：耐火基体材料90-95％，耐火基材料由200目二氧化硅75-90％，120目二氧化硅5-20％组成，碳酸钙5-10％；
外层以及强度层以重量百分比计的组成成分为：200目氧化铝85-95％、1％增塑剂，6-9％黏土，以及1％硅藻土。
作为优选的技术方案，所述二氧化硅以硅溶胶制备。
一种陶瓷型芯制备方法：
(1)配料：耐火基材料由200目二氧化硅75-90％，120目二氧化硅5-20％组成，碳酸钙5-10％，并添加少许增塑剂，耐火基材料、增塑剂的重量配比为80:4.5，所述增塑剂设为石蜡和蜂蜡，所述增塑剂中石蜡与蜂蜡的配比为3:1.5；
(2)混合：将耐火基材料和矿化剂按照重量配比80:5混合，于200℃下烘干；
(3)制备料浆：添加表面活性剂，所述表面活性剂设为松香和油酸，耐火基材料、表面活性剂的重量配比为80:10.5，表面活性剂中松香与油酸的重量配比为10:0.5；
(4)成型：将模具预热，料浆温度控制在80-100℃，通过压力机成型；
(5)烧结：将制备好的型芯装入陶瓷槽，升温至200℃，烧结4小时，然后升温至400℃，烧结2小时，升温至600℃，烧结1小时，最后升温至1200℃，烧结4小时，然后随炉冷却至常温；
(6)高温强化：将陶瓷型芯浸入含有二氧化硅为20％-24％的硅酸乙酯水解液中，等到气泡完全消除取出，自然干燥4-5h,氨气硬化30min；
(7)低温强化：将陶瓷型芯浸入含有酚醛树脂32％，乙醇65％，六亚甲基四胺3％的溶液中10-15min，自然干燥4-6h,160-180℃烘干30min。
作为优选的技术方案，所述陶瓷型芯脱芯时溶液为添加了氧化铝活性剂的氢氟酸、氢氟酸盐混合溶液。
有益之处
1.本发明采用氧化硅基型芯，具有一定气密性，且可以提高脱芯清砂速度。
2.利用氧化铝活性剂溶解陶瓷型芯过程可以提高温度，加快溶解速度，若通过机械搅拌，更会进一步提高溶解速度。
3.本发明高温强化可进一步提高型芯的耐高温强度和抗弯变形的能力。
4.本发明低温强化可以防止型芯在修整、搬运时的损坏，提高室温抗弯强度和韧性。
具体实施方式
为了便于本领域技术人员理解，下面对本发明作进一步的说明。
一种陶瓷型芯，包括内层、外层以及强度层，所述内层以重量百分比计的组成成分为：耐火基体材料90-95％，耐火基材料由200目二氧化硅75-90％，120目二氧化硅5-20％组成，碳酸钙5-10％；
外层以及强度层以重量百分比计的组成成分为：200目氧化铝85-95％、1％增塑剂，6-9％黏土，以及1％硅藻土。
本发明二氧化硅以硅溶胶制备。
具体的，陶瓷型芯制备方法为：
(1)配料：耐火基材料由200目二氧化硅75-90％，120目二氧化硅5-20％组成，碳酸钙5-10％，并添加少许增塑剂，耐火基材料、增塑剂的重量配比为80:4.5，所述增塑剂设为石蜡和蜂蜡，所述增塑剂中石蜡与蜂蜡的配比为3:1.5；
(2)混合：将耐火基材料和矿化剂按照重量配比80:5混合，于200℃下烘干。
(3)制备料浆：添加表面活性剂，所述表面活性剂设为松香和油酸，耐火基材料、表面活性剂的重量配比为80:10.5，表面活性剂中松香与油酸的重量配比为10:0.5。
(4)成型：将模具预热，料浆温度控制在80-100℃，通过压力机成型。
(5)烧结：将制备好的型芯装入陶瓷槽，升温至200℃，烧结4小时，然后升温至400℃，烧结2小时，升温至600℃，烧结1小时，最后升温至1200℃，烧结4小时，然后随炉冷却至常温。
(6)高温强化：将陶瓷型芯浸入含有二氧化硅为20％-24％的硅酸乙酯水解液中，等到气泡完全消除取出，自然干燥4-5h,氨气硬化30min。
(7)低温强化：将陶瓷型芯浸入含有酚醛树脂32％，乙醇65％，六亚甲基四胺3％的溶液中10-15min，自然干燥4-6h,160-180℃烘干30min。
本发明高温强化可进一步提高型芯的耐高温强度和抗弯变形的能力，低温强化可以防止型芯在修整、搬运时的损坏，提高室温抗弯强度和韧性。
本发明陶瓷型芯脱芯溶液为添加了氧化铝活性剂的氢氟酸、氢氟酸盐混合溶液，利用氧化铝活性剂溶解陶瓷型芯过程可以提高温度，加快溶解速度，若通过机械搅拌，更会进一步提高溶解速度。
应当理解，这些实施例的用途仅用于说明本发明而非意欲限制本发明的保护范围。此外，也应理解，在阅读了本发明的技术内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明做各种改动、修改和/或变型，所有的这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种陶瓷型芯，其特征在于：包括内层、外层以及强度层，所述内层以重量百分比计的组成成分为：耐火基体材料90-95％，耐火基材料由200目二氧化硅75-90％，120目二氧化硅5-20％组成，碳酸钙5-10％；
外层以及强度层以重量百分比计的组成成分为：200目氧化铝85-95％，1％增塑剂，6-9％黏土，以及1％硅藻土。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种陶瓷型芯，其特征在于：所述二氧化硅以硅溶胶制备。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种陶瓷型芯，其特征在于：所述陶瓷型芯脱芯时溶液为添加了氧化铝活性剂的氢氟酸、氢氟酸盐混合溶液。
4.一种陶瓷型芯制备方法，其特征在于：按照以下步骤：
(1)配料：耐火基材料由200目二氧化硅75-90％，120目二氧化硅5-20％组成，碳酸钙5-10％，并添加少许增塑剂，耐火基材料、增塑剂的重量配比为80:4.5，所述增塑剂设为石蜡和蜂蜡，所述增塑剂中石蜡与蜂蜡的配比为3:1.5；
(2)混合：将耐火基材料和矿化剂按照重量配比80:5混合，于200℃下烘干；
(3)制备料浆：添加表面活性剂，所述表面活性剂设为松香和油酸，耐火基材料、表面活性剂的重量配比为80:10.5，表面活性剂中松香与油酸的重量配比为10:0.5；
(4)成型：将模具预热，料浆温度控制在80-100℃，通过压力机成型；
(5)烧结：将制备好的型芯装入陶瓷槽，升温至200℃，烧结4小时，然后升温至400℃，烧结2小时，升温至600℃，烧结1小时，最后升温至1200℃，烧结4小时，然后随炉冷却至常温；
(6)高温强化：将陶瓷型芯浸入含有二氧化硅为20％-24％的硅酸乙酯水解液中，等到气泡完全消除取出，自然干燥4-5h,氨气硬化30min；
(7)低温强化：将陶瓷型芯浸入含有酚醛树脂32％，乙醇65％，六亚甲基四胺3％的溶液中10-15min，自然干燥4-6h,160-180℃烘干30min。
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111992674A (zh) * 2020-07-30 2020-11-27 东营诚扬精密机械有限公司 一种轻合金铸件用高强韧易脱除复合陶瓷型芯的制备工艺
CN115385674A (zh) * 2022-09-22 2022-11-25 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 一种高精度陶瓷型芯的制备方法
CN116532614A (zh) * 2023-04-12 2023-08-04 无锡环宇精密铸造有限公司 一种精密铸造用型芯及其制备方法

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