CN108484140A - 双组份层状陶瓷型芯 - Google Patents

双组份层状陶瓷型芯 Download PDF

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CN108484140A
CN108484140A CN201810171142.2A CN201810171142A CN108484140A CN 108484140 A CN108484140 A CN 108484140A CN 201810171142 A CN201810171142 A CN 201810171142A CN 108484140 A CN108484140 A CN 108484140A
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plasticizer
mesh
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mixture
melted
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程涛
李建华
张立健
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Liaoning Hangan Special Casting Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种双组份层状陶瓷型芯，主要应用于熔模精密铸造技术领域。其特征是内层采用以二氧化硅为主要成分的多气孔疏松材质，外层采用与浇铸金属相适应的高温稳定性良好的陶瓷材料，从而提供了一种既具有良好高温稳定又易于脱芯的陶瓷型芯。本发明提供的陶瓷型芯可满足各种金属的精铸工艺要求，并能够降低脱芯难度，缩短脱芯时间。

Description

双组份层状陶瓷型芯
技术领域
本发明涉及一种双组份层状陶瓷型芯及其制备方法，主要应用于熔模精密铸造技术领域。
背景技术
陶瓷型芯作为形成精铸件空心内腔结构的转接件，其作用是：形成精铸件的内腔形状，并与外形模及模壳共同保证精铸件壁厚的尺寸精度。铸件浇铸完成后，通过机械或化学溶蚀将陶瓷型芯从铸件中清除，从而得到空心精铸件。精铸件内腔的表面质量和尺寸精度完全由陶瓷型芯决定。因此要求陶瓷型芯在浇铸过程中不能与熔融金属液发生任何反应，并保持外形尺寸不变；在浇铸完成铸件冷却后又易于从铸件内腔中清除(脱芯性能)。总之，浇铸过程中陶瓷型芯的稳定性和浇铸完毕后陶瓷型芯的脱芯性能是陶瓷型芯的两个重要指标。
发明内容
鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种层状结构的双组份陶瓷型芯，其特征是内层采用以二氧化硅为主要成分的多气孔疏松材质，外层采用与浇铸金属相适应的高温稳定性良好的陶瓷材料，从而提供了一种既具有良好高温稳定又易于脱芯的陶瓷型芯。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：双组份层状陶瓷型芯，由下述原料按重量百分比配制，并通过下述具体工艺条件和步骤实现：
a、内层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目二氧化硅80-85％，180目二氧化硅10-20％，200目碳酸钙1-5％，纳米二氧化硅0.5-1.5％。
按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用。
进一步地，将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的17-22％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3-4小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在100-130℃，然后冷却制成料锭。
上述增塑剂的原料按重量％配制：石蜡93％、蜂蜡5％及聚乙烯2％，在130℃下混合均匀，过325目标准筛制成增塑剂备用。
b、外层陶瓷型芯料的配制：
325目氧化镁或氧化锆或氧化铝或氧化钇(根据不同的浇铸金属选择不同的原料)90-98％，800目氧化铈0-10％，纳米氧化铝0-2％，纳米氧化钇0-2％。按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用。
进一步地，将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的10-17％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3-4h，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在100-130℃，然后冷却制成料锭。
上述增塑剂的原料按重量％配制：石蜡93％，蜂蜡5％，聚乙烯2％，在130℃下混合均匀，过325目标准筛制成增塑剂备用。
将上述内层陶瓷型芯料和外层陶瓷型芯料，同时加入到双组份注射成型机中依模具制成若干形状的陶瓷型芯生坯。生坯经焙烧，制得双组份层状陶瓷型芯。
本发明的特点及有益效果
本发明提供的陶瓷型芯在浇铸时不与金属反应，浇铸完毕后脱芯性能优良为特征，可满足各种金属的精铸工艺要求，并能够降低脱芯难度，缩短脱芯时间。
具体实施方式
实施例一(适用于镁合金或不锈钢精密铸造)
1、内层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目二氧化硅80wt％，200目二氧化硅17wt％，200目碳酸钙2wt％，纳米二氧化硅1wt％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用。将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的17％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在120℃。然后冷却制成料锭。
2、外层陶瓷型芯料的配制：
325目氧化镁98％，纳米氧化铝1％，纳米氧化钇1％。按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用。将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的17％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌4小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在130℃。然后冷却制成料锭。
实施例二(适用于钛合金精密铸造)
1、内层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目二氧化硅85wt％，180目二氧化硅10wt％，200目碳酸钙4.5wt％，纳米二氧化硅0.5wt％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用。将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的22％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌4小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在120℃。然后冷却制成料锭。
2、外层陶瓷型芯料的配制：
325目氧化锆94wt％，800目氧化铈5wt％，纳米氧化钇1wt％。按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用。将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的14wt％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌4h，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在130℃。然后冷却制成料锭。
实施例三(适用于不锈钢精密铸造)
1、内层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目二氧化硅83wt％，180目二氧化硅11.5wt％，200目碳酸钙5wt％，纳米二氧化硅0.5wt％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用。将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的20％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌4小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在120℃。然后冷却制成料锭。
2、外层陶瓷型芯料的配制：
325目氧化铝97wt％，纳米氧化铝2wt％，纳米氧化钇1wt％。按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用。将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的14wt％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3h，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在100℃。然后冷却制成料锭。
实施例四(适用于钛合金)
1、内层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目二氧化硅81.5wt％，180目二氧化硅17wt％，200目碳酸钙1wt％，纳米二氧化硅0.5wt％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用。将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的19％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在120℃。然后冷却制成料锭。
2、外层陶瓷型芯料的配制：
325目氧化钇95wt％，800目氧化铈4wt％，纳米氧化钇1wt％。按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用。将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的10wt％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3h，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在100℃。然后冷却制成料锭。
将上述实例中的内层陶瓷型芯料和外层陶瓷型芯料，同时加入到双组份注射成型机(CMH1250宁波千普机械制造有限公司)中依模具制成若干形状的陶瓷型芯生坯。生坯经焙烧，制得双组份层状陶瓷型芯。

Claims (6)

1.一种双组份层状陶瓷型芯，由下述原料按重量百分比配制，并通过下述具体工艺条件和步骤实现：
a、内层陶瓷型芯料的配制：
取325目二氧化硅80-85％、180目二氧化硅10-20％、200目碳酸钙1-5％及纳米二氧化硅0.5-1.5％；
按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用；
将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的17-22％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3-4小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在100-130℃，然后冷却制成料锭；
b、外层陶瓷型芯料的配制：
取325目氧化镁或氧化锆或氧化铝或氧化钇90-98％、800目氧化铈0-10％、纳米氧化铝0-2％及纳米氧化钇0-2％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用；
将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的10-17％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3-4h，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在100-130℃，然后冷却制成料锭；
将上述内层陶瓷型芯料和外层陶瓷型芯料，同时加入到双组份注射成型机中依模具制成若干形状的陶瓷型芯生坯，生坯经焙烧，制得双组份层状陶瓷型芯。
2.如权利要求1所述的双组份层状陶瓷型芯，适用于镁合金或不锈钢精密铸造，由下述原料按具体重量百分比配制，并通过下述具体工艺条件和步骤实现：
(1)内层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目二氧化硅80％、200目二氧化硅17％、200目碳酸钙2％及纳米二氧化硅1％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用，将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的17％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在120℃，然后冷却制成料锭；
(2)外层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目氧化镁98％、纳米氧化铝1％及纳米氧化钇1％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用，将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的17％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌4小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在130℃，然后冷却制成料锭。
3.如权利要求1所述的双组份层状陶瓷型芯，适用于钛合金精密铸造，由下述原料按具体重量百分比配制，并通过下述具体工艺条件和步骤实现：
(1)内层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目二氧化硅85％、180目二氧化硅10％、200目碳酸钙4.5％及纳米二氧化硅0.5％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用，将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的22％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌4小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在120℃，然后冷却制成料锭；
(2)外层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目氧化锆94％、800目氧化铈5％、及纳米氧化钇1％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用，将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的14％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌4h，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在130℃，然后冷却制成料锭。
4.如权利要求1所述的双组份层状陶瓷型芯，适用于不锈钢精密铸造，由下述原料按具体重量百分比配制，并通过下述具体工艺条件和步骤实现：
(1)内层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目二氧化硅83％、180目二氧化硅11.5％、200目碳酸钙5％及纳米二氧化硅0.5％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用，将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的20％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌4小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在120℃，然后冷却制成料锭；
(2)外层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目氧化铝97％、纳米氧化铝2％及纳米氧化钇1％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用，将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的14％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3h，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在100℃，然后冷却制成料锭。
5.如权利要求1所述的双组份层状陶瓷型芯，适用于钛合金精密铸造，由下述原料按具体重量百分比配制，并通过下述具体工艺条件和步骤实现：
(1)内层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目二氧化硅81.5％、180目二氧化硅17％、200目碳酸钙1％及纳米二氧化硅0.5％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用，将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的19％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3小时，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在120℃，然后冷却制成料锭；
(2)外层陶瓷型芯料的配制：325目氧化钇95％、800目氧化铈4％及纳米氧化钇1％，按上述比例称取原料并混合均匀，然后将混合料放入干燥箱中于120℃烘干24h待用，将增塑剂加热熔化，增塑剂的加入量占粉料重量的10％，然后将上述混合料加入已经熔化的增塑剂中，搅拌3h，搅拌过程中控制浆料温度在100℃，然后冷却制成料锭。
6.如权利要求2-5任意一项所述的双组份层状陶瓷型芯，将所述的内层陶瓷型芯料和外层陶瓷型芯料，同时加入到双组份注射成型机中依模具制成若干形状的陶瓷型芯生坯，生坯经焙烧，制得双组份层状陶瓷型芯。
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