CN110342613A - 一种电化学微滤水处理方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
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Abstract
本发明提供一种电化学微滤水处理方法，目的是通过电化学与微滤的协同作用进行高效水处理。待处理水从进水口(1)进入微滤阳极(2)，通过微滤阳极(2)后进入反应腔室(3)，再经过辅助阴极(5)后从出水口(6)排出；微滤阳极(2)与辅助阴极(5)连接直流电源(4)。本发明电化学微滤水处理方法，能实现废水中的破乳、破络和去除COD，具有明显的经济、社会和环境效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水处理技术领域，具体涉及一种电化学微滤水处理方法。
背景技术
随着社会各行各业的飞速发展，全世界范围内水环境污染的问题日益严重，同时水体污染的问题也趋于多样化。人口的迅猛增长使我国人均水资源日益短缺，工业的高速发展，同时伴随着大量废水不加处理或处理不达标直接排入各大水系，导致地表水污染十分严重。水资源供需矛盾、水生态退化、水环境污染以及各类极端和突发事件频发是我国不可忽视的突出问题。这些问题都直接或间接地影响到人类生活、经济和社会的发展。为了节约和保护水资源，实现可持续发展，需要我们研究出新的水处理技术和方法来处理日益增多的废水。工业废水主要来源于工业生产过程中，其中有生产废水、污水和废液。随着工业的迅速发展，工业废水的排放量也随着工业用水量的大量增加而不断增加。然而工业废水中污染物的成份、性质与城市生活污水有很大的差别，工业废水有以下这些特点：废水中的污染物成分较为复杂、不同行业间废水中的污染物成份差异很大；污染物浓度范围大、水质情况的波动也大；有毒有害的污染物种类繁多且难以用生物降解的方法处理等。工业废水不经处理的偷排是导致了中国水环境污染的现状。由于工业废水的成分的复杂和危害大，往往需要进行有针对性的特殊方法处理之后才能输入到城市污水厂中处理或排放到水体中。
电化学法在废水处理技术中是一种“环境友好”的工艺，主要原理是通过电化学法产生的电子与废水中污染物成份的离子发生反应，且处理后不会产生二次污染,其具有以下特点：
(1)电子只在电极及废水组分之间进行转移和传递，不需另外添加氧化还原剂，避免了引入其他化学物质而造成的二次污染问题；
(2)反应迅速，对废水处理色度去除率高，产泥量少；
(3)操作条件温和，在常温常压下即可进行，管理方便，易于实现自动化；
(4)对于污染物种类和浓度变化范围大的废水，可通过对电流和电压的调节进行控制，来保证出水水质达标；
(5)反应效率高，处理的时间短，反应装置简单，设备占地面积小，建造成本不大；
(6)不仅可以作为单独处理，又可以与其他处理方法结合，例如作为前处理，通过将生物毒性污染物或难降解有机物转化为易于生物降解的物质，从而提高废水的可生物降解性，利于之后的生化处理[5]；
(7)处理过程中的电耗大，可溶性电极材料消耗量较大，电极材料容易被腐蚀。
因此，随着电力工业的迅速发展，电能成本逐渐降低，和一些新工艺的不断研发，电化学发处理废水在绿色工艺方面极具潜力，可望得到广泛应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术存在的不足，提供一种新型有效的废水处理方法。该方法操作简单方便，节省电能，对废水处理效果好。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：将待处理水通过进水口进入，通过微滤滤芯的微滤作用再进入外部反应腔室，微滤阳极和辅助阴极接通直流电源发生电化学反应，处理后的废水经过出水口排出。该方法能有效降低工业废水中的色度、COD、悬浮物、油脂和重金属等污染物。
一种电化学微滤水处理方法，其特征在于，待处理水从进水口(1)进入微滤阳极(2)，通过微滤阳极(2)后进入反应腔室(3)，再经过辅助阴极(5)后从出水口(6)排出；微滤阳极(2)与辅助阴极(5)连接直流电源(4)。
所述的微滤阳极(2)为不锈钢微滤滤芯。
所述的微滤阳极(2)和辅助阴极(5)间的极间距为0.1-5.0cm。
积极有益效果：本发明将电化学法原理和微滤机理结合，通过使用不锈钢微滤滤芯作为电极材料，结合电化学法和微滤膜法的优点，发明一种高效节能的处理工业废水的电化学微滤方法，处理效果好，且电耗少。
附图说明
图1为本发明的系统示意图；
图中为：包括进水口1，微滤阳极2，反应腔室3，直流电源4，辅助阴极5，出水口6。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明作进一步的说明：如图1所示，一种电化学微滤水处理方法，其特征在于，包括进水口1，微滤阳极2，反应腔室3，直流电源4，辅助阴极5，出水口6。待处理废水通过进水口1进入，通过微滤阳极2的微滤作用再进入外部反应腔室3，微滤阳极2和辅助阴极5接通直流电源4发生电化学反应处理废水，最终处理后的废水经过出水口6排出。该方法能有效降低工业废水中的色度、COD、悬浮物、油脂和重金属等污染物。
所述的微滤阳极(2)为不锈钢微滤滤芯。
所述的微滤阳极(2)和辅助阴极(5)间的极间距为0.1-5.0cm。
实施例一
设置直流电源输出电压为10V，循环泵流量设置为0.5L/min，处理时间为120min，使用此处理废切削液的方法，废切削液的COD去除率可达90.68％，而油的回收量为5275mg/L。该电化学微滤水处理方法处理1m3废切削液的耗电量为6.6kW·h。
实施例二
设置直流电源输出电压为8V，循环泵流量设置为0.5L/min，处理时间为30min。使用此处理电镀废水的方法，COD去除率可达95.8％。通过能耗计算，该电化学微滤水处理方法处理1m3电镀废水的耗电量为3.3kW·h。
Claims (3)
1.一种电化学微滤水处理方法，其特征在于，待处理水从进水口(1)进入微滤阳极(2)，通过微滤阳极(2)后进入反应腔室(3)，再经过辅助阴极(5)后从出水口(6)排出；微滤阳极(2)与辅助阴极(5)连接直流电源(4)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电化学微滤水处理方法，其特征在于：微滤阳极(2)为不锈钢微滤滤芯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电化学微滤水处理方法，其特征在于：微滤阳极(2)和辅助电极(5)间的极间距为0.1-5.0cm。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113845178A (zh) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-28 | 华东理工大学 | 一种透过式电化学饮水净化系统 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113845178A (zh) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-28 | 华东理工大学 | 一种透过式电化学饮水净化系统 |
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