CN110340327B - Alloy plate hammer production method based on chilling and liquid die forging - Google Patents
Alloy plate hammer production method based on chilling and liquid die forging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110340327B CN110340327B CN201910768474.3A CN201910768474A CN110340327B CN 110340327 B CN110340327 B CN 110340327B CN 201910768474 A CN201910768474 A CN 201910768474A CN 110340327 B CN110340327 B CN 110340327B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chilling
- die
- alloy plate
- lower die
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for producing an alloy plate hammer based on chilling and liquid forging, which belongs to the field of manufacturing of plate hammers of crushers and is realized on a liquid forging machine based on a special alloy plate hammer mold; the method for manufacturing the alloy plate hammer by adopting the special alloy plate hammer mold comprises the following steps: 1) molten steel smelting, 2) preheating a mold, 3) closing the mold and circulating cooling water, 4) pouring, 5) liquid extrusion, 6) demolding a blank, 7) checking and finishing, 8) carrying out process treatment of five-stage quenching, air quenching and fog quenching, and 9) tempering; the technical performance indexes of the prepared alloy plate hammer are as follows: 1. the hardness is improved by 10-15%; 2. the toughness of casting structures is improved by 160%; 3. the weight is increased by 8 to 15 percent; 4. the service life is prolonged by 2 times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of plate hammers of crushers, and particularly relates to a method for producing an alloy plate hammer based on chilling and liquid die forging.
Background
The large-scale crusher equipment with different specifications is arranged in the industries of metallurgy, building materials, roads and bridges, mines, buildings, electric power and the like in China, the crusher is directly contacted with sand, soil, rocks, minerals and the like in the working process, particularly, the compression strength of granite and basalt is about 200MPa, the fine-grained granite can reach more than 300MPa, the industrial and mining conditions are very severe, the plate hammer is seriously abraded and loses efficacy, and the consumption is very high. Millions of tons of wear-resistant metal materials are consumed in the fields of metallurgy, building materials, mines, buildings, electric power and other industries all over the country every year. Therefore, wear-resistant castings applied in specific environments are required to be compact in structure, high in hardness and good in wear resistance, and the requirements for the wear-resistant castings are difficult to achieve for the common traditional sand mold casting process and the lost foam process.
Therefore, the plate hammer of the impact crusher with long service life can be researched and developed to reduce the loss caused by abrasion and reduce the production cost of enterprises, and has important economic and practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the use characteristics of the product: the alloy plate hammer is required to have high hardness, high wear resistance and high toughness at other parts, and the invention provides a production method of the alloy plate hammer based on chilling and liquid die forging through repeated research and attack according to the requirements of markets and supporting manufacturers.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the alloy plate hammer production method based on chilling and liquid die forging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method is realized on a liquid forging machine based on a special alloy plate hammer die;
the special alloy plate hammer mold has the structure that: the upper die is connected with the lower die through a guide assembly and comprises an upper die sleeve, an upper die core, an upper chilling part and a water-cooled upper chilling plate, wherein the upper chilling part is fixed in a gap between the upper die sleeve and the side surface of the upper die core; the lower die comprises a lower die base, a lower die sleeve, a lower die core, a lower chilling piece, a water-cooled upper chilling plate, a material ejector and a die locker, wherein the lower die sleeve is fixed on the lower die base, the lower chilling piece is fixed in a gap between the lower die sleeve and the side surface of the lower die core, the water-cooled lower chilling plate is fixed in a gap between the lower die sleeve and the bottom surface of the lower die core, the lower die sleeve, the lower die core and the water-cooled lower chilling plate are respectively provided with a material ejecting chamber, a lower pressure head on the material ejector is positioned in the material ejecting chamber and used for ejecting blanks in the lower die core, the top surface of the lower pressure head is flush with the bottom surface of a forming cavity of the lower die core, two symmetrically arranged die lockers are respectively fixed on the left side surface and the right side surface of the lower die sleeve, and the die lockers are used for locking the upper die and the lower die; after the upper die and the lower die are closed, an upper die core of the upper die and a lower die core of the lower die are wrapped in a chilling part consisting of an upper chilling part, a water-cooled upper chilling plate, a lower chilling part and a water-cooled lower chilling plate; the cooling water cavities of the water-cooled upper chilling plate and the water-cooled lower chilling plate and the water supply device form a circulating cooling loop through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe;
the method for manufacturing the alloy plate hammer by adopting the special alloy plate hammer mold comprises the following specific steps:
1) molten steel smelting: the molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c =2.8-3.5, Si = ≦ 0.8, Cr =25-28, Mn =0.7-0.8, Mo =0.55-0.7, V =0.2-0.5, P < 0.06, S < 0.04, CrC =7-9, balance Fe; 2) preheating a mould: controlling the temperature of the die to be 150-300 ℃; 3) mold closing and cooling water circulation flow: the mold clamping force of the mold is 800-1200 KN, and mold locking is carried out after mold clamping; cooling water in the water-cooled upper chilling plate and the water-cooled lower chilling plate realizes the circulating flow of the cooling water through a water supply device; 4) Pouring: pouring molten steel into a forming cavity of a mold, wherein the pouring temperature of the molten steel is as follows: 1250-1350 ℃; 5) liquid extrusion: after the molten steel is poured into the mold, the molten steel is chilled in a mode that a mold core is wrapped in a chilling part; in the process of converting the molten steel from a liquid state to a solid state, an upper pressure head of a liquid forging machine enters an upper die pressing chamber to extrude the molten steel, the pressure is 5800-6200 KN, the speed of the upper pressure head is 0.165mm/s, and the upper pressure head maintains the pressure for 3-6 minutes until the molten steel is solidified and formed, so that a blank piece is obtained; 6) demolding the blank: separating the upper die from the lower die, and slowing down the cooling speed of the taken blank through the fly ash or the refractory cotton to naturally cool the blank to a normal temperature state; 7) checking and finishing: removing flash and burr on the blank; 8) the process treatment of five-stage quenching, air quenching and fog quenching comprises the following steps: putting the blank piece into a furnace at normal temperature, heating to 280-320 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-60 minutes; heating to 380-420 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60-90 minutes; heating to 480-520 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60-90 minutes; heating to 630-670 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60-90 minutes; heating to 1000-1050 ℃, and preserving the heat for 200-250 minutes; performing air quenching and then performing mist quenching on the blank after the blank is discharged from the furnace; 9) tempering: and (4) returning the blank piece to the furnace, keeping the temperature at 180-250 ℃ for 300-380 minutes, discharging from the furnace, and air cooling to obtain the product.
The technical scheme is further limited, the guide assembly in the alloy plate hammer mold mainly comprises a guide post, a guide sleeve and a locking nut, the guide post is fixedly connected with the lower die holder, and the guide sleeve sliding on the guide post is fixedly connected with the upper die sleeve.
The technical scheme is further limited, the ejector in the alloy plate hammer die consists of an ejection hydraulic oil cylinder and a lower pressing head, and the ejection hydraulic oil cylinder fixed on the lower die base can push the lower pressing head to perform ejection.
The technical scheme is further limited, and the die locking device in the alloy plate hammer die mainly comprises a die locking hydraulic oil cylinder and a clamping block hinged on a piston rod.
The technical scheme is further improved, and the cavity surface of the die, the lower pressure head and the upper pressure head of the liquid die forging machine are provided with high-temperature resistant coating layers; and a lubricating coating layer is sprayed on the high-temperature resistant coating layer of the upper pressure head of the liquid die forging machine.
The technical scheme is further limited, and the optimal component values of the molten steel are as follows: c =3.15, Si =0.696, Cr =25.067, Mn =0.759, Mo =0.673, V =0.278, P =0.021, S =0.009, CrC =8.073, balance Fe.
The technical scheme is further limited, and the air quantity is controlled during the air-cooled quenching treatment as follows: 18908-24380M 3/H fans, the wind pressure is: 610-728Pa, the surface temperature of the blank reaches: 970 ℃ to 1050 ℃.
The technical scheme is further limited, the water mist pressure of the mist quenching is as follows: 4Pa, spraying time is as follows: 10-30min, blank surface temperature: 400 ℃ and 600 ℃.
Has the advantages that: the invention improves the toughness and compactness of the casting, prolongs the service life of the wear-resistant casting, and solves the problems that the mold is not smooth to take the formed part at high temperature and has short service life; the invention greatly reduces the production cost and has good economic and social benefits when being popularized and used in industrial and mining enterprises.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the mold structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the upper mold of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a quench bottom plate structure of the upper chiller of FIG. 2.
Fig. 5 is a state diagram of the use of fig. 1.
The primer formulation table shown in fig. 6.
The topcoat paint formulation table shown in fig. 7.
FIG. 8 shows a lubricating coating formulation table.
FIG. 9 is a comparison of hardness values for liquid die forged samples at different pressures in the test report.
FIG. 10 is a comparison of results of impact toughness for liquid swage specimens at different pressures in the test report.
FIG. 11 is the loss on wear of different process samples at 1J work impact reported in the test report.
Figure 12 is the loss on wear of different process samples at 2J work impact in the test report.
Fig. 13 is a metallographic microstructure of different process samples in the inspection report.
FIG. 14 is a metallographic microstructure of the process sample of examination report (a).
FIG. 15 is the metallographic microstructure of the process sample of examination report (b).
FIG. 16 is the metallographic microstructure of the process sample of examination report (c).
FIG. 17 is the metallographic microstructure of the process sample of examination report (d).
FIG. 18 is a metallographic microstructure of the process sample of examination report (e).
Detailed Description
The best embodiment is as follows: the alloy plate hammer production method based on chilling and liquid die forging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method is realized on a liquid forging machine based on a special alloy plate hammer die;
the special alloy plate hammer mold has the structure that: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water-cooled alloy plate hammer liquid forging die comprises an upper die 1 and a lower die 2, wherein the upper die is connected with the lower die through a guide assembly 3, the upper die 1 comprises an upper die sleeve 101, an upper die core 102, an upper chilling part 103 and a water-cooled upper chilling plate 104, the upper die sleeve is connected with a slider 501 on a liquid die forging machine 5 through a pull rod 4, the upper chilling part is fixed between the upper die sleeve and the side surface of the upper die core, the water-cooled upper chilling plate is fixed between the upper die sleeve and the top surface of the upper die core, upper pressure chambers 105 are arranged on the upper die sleeve, the upper die core and the water-cooled upper chilling plate, an upper pressure head of the liquid die forging machine enters the upper die core through the upper pressure chambers, and the shapes of the upper pressure chambers are matched with the shapes of the upper pressure head of the liquid die forging machine; the lower die 2 comprises a lower die base 201, a lower die sleeve 202, a lower die core 203, a lower chilling part 204, a water-cooled upper chilling plate 205, a material ejector 206 and a die locker 207, the lower die sleeve is fixed on the lower die base, the lower chilling part is fixed between the lower die sleeve and the side surface of the lower die core, the water-cooled lower chilling plate is fixed between the lower die sleeve and the bottom surface of the lower die core, the lower die sleeve, the lower die core and the water-cooled lower chilling plate are all provided with a material ejecting chamber 208, a lower pressure head on the material ejector is positioned in the material ejecting chamber and used for ejecting blanks in the lower die core, the top surface of the lower pressure head is flush with the bottom surface of a forming cavity of the lower die core, two symmetrically arranged die lockers are respectively fixed on the left side surface and the right side surface of the lower die sleeve, and the die lockers are used for locking the upper die and the lower die; the cooling water cavities of the water-cooled upper chilling plate and the water-cooled lower chilling plate and the water supply device form a circulating cooling loop through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; after the upper die and the lower die are closed, an upper die core of the upper die and a lower die core of the lower die are wrapped in a chilling part consisting of an upper chilling part, a water-cooled upper chilling plate, a lower chilling part and a water-cooled lower chilling plate;
as shown in fig. 2, the guide assembly 3 mainly includes a guide post 301, a guide sleeve 302 and a lock nut 303, the guide post is fixedly connected with the lower die holder, and the guide sleeve sliding on the guide post is fixedly connected with the upper die sleeve;
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, upper quench 103 and lower quench 204 are identical in structure; upper chill 103 is comprised of left chill side plate 1031, right chill side plate 1032, front chill side plate 1033, and rear chill side plate 1034;
the structure of the water-cooled upper chilling plate shown in FIG. 4 is as follows: a cooling water cavity is arranged in the plate body, and the cooling water cavity and a water supply device form a circulating cooling loop through a water inlet pipe 6 and a water outlet pipe 7; the upper chilling part and the lower chilling part can adopt the same structure as the water-cooled upper chilling plate and the water-cooled lower chilling plate, namely a cooling water cavity is arranged in the chilling side plate, and the cooling water cavity and the water supply device form a circulating cooling loop through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ejector 206 is composed of an ejection hydraulic cylinder 2061 and a lower ram 2062, and the ejection hydraulic cylinder fixed on the lower die holder can push the lower ram to perform ejection;
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the mold locking device 207 mainly comprises a mold locking hydraulic cylinder 2071 and a fixture block 2072 hinged on the piston rod; the mold locker is used for avoiding longitudinal cracks on the formed blank;
as shown in fig. 2, the cavity surface and the lower pressure head of the mold are both provided with a high temperature resistant coating layer 10, so as to prolong the service life of the mold;
the connection mode of the parts in the upper die and the lower die belongs to the conventional technology in the field, such as welding or bolt connection mode, and is not described in detail;
the method for manufacturing the alloy plate hammer by adopting the special alloy plate hammer mold comprises the following specific steps: 1) molten steel smelting: the molten steel consists of the following chemical elements: c =3.15, Si =0.696, Cr =25.067, Mn =0.759, Mo =0.673, V =0.278, P =0.021, S =0.009, CrC =8.073, and the balance Fe, in mass%; the CrC is chromium carbide; 2) preheating a mould: controlling the temperature of the die to be 150-300 ℃; when a newly-installed mould, a first mould which starts to produce every shift or the production stop time exceeds 3 hours, the mould is required to be preheated, the first preheating temperature is 300 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 1 hour, the later preheating temperature is not lower than 200 ℃, and the mould temperature is not lower than 150 ℃ during pouring; the upper die and the lower die are integrally preheated in a mode of adopting an electric heating radiant tube; the electric heating radiant tubes are independent pieces, and a plurality of electric heating radiant tubes are placed between the upper parting surface and the lower parting surface of the die through a support to heat the die; 3) mold closing and cooling water circulation flow: as shown in fig. 5, a slide block 501 on the liquid forging machine pushes an upper die and a lower die to be matched through a pull rod 4, the upper die and the lower die are locked through a die locker, and the die matching force is 800-1200 KN; starting a water supply device, and realizing cooling water circulation flow by cooling water in the water-cooled upper chilling plate and the water-cooled lower chilling plate through the water supply device; 4) Pouring: molten steel is poured into a forming cavity of the mold through a pouring device 9, and the pouring temperature of the molten steel is as follows: 1300 ℃; 5) Liquid extrusion: after the molten steel is poured into the mold, the molten steel is chilled in a mode that the mold core is wrapped in the chilling part; after the upper die and the lower die are combined, an upper die core of the upper die and a lower die core of the lower die are wrapped in a chilling part consisting of an upper chilling part, a water-cooled upper chilling plate, a lower chilling part and a water-cooled lower chilling plate; chilling means that cooling water which flows in a rapid and circulating manner and a chilling part with large heat capacity are adopted to rapidly cool the molten metal material in the mold core, namely heat on the mold core is rapidly dissipated; in the process of converting the molten steel from a liquid state to a solid state, an upper pressure head 502 of the liquid forging machine enters an upper die pressing chamber to extrude the molten steel, the pressure is 6000KN, the speed of the upper pressure head is 10mm/s, and the upper pressure head maintains pressure for 5 minutes until the molten steel is solidified and formed, so that a blank piece is obtained; 6) demolding the blank: releasing the mold locker, separating the upper mold from the lower mold, taking out the blank piece through the ejector, and slowing down the cooling speed of the blank piece through the fly ash or the refractory cotton to naturally cool the blank piece to the normal temperature state; after demolding, quickly placing the blank on fly ash or refractory cotton laid on the ground level, then covering the blank with the fly ash or refractory cotton for heat preservation, naturally cooling the blank to a normal temperature state, and finishing; the step is to prevent the problem of high-temperature heat cracking of the blank; 7) checking and finishing: removing flash and burr on the blank; polishing the flash and the burr on the appearance of the blank by using a polishing machine, and then carrying out geometric dimension inspection on the liquid die forging plate hammer; 8) the process treatment of five-stage quenching, air quenching and fog quenching comprises the following steps: putting the blank piece into a furnace at normal temperature, heating to 300 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 45 minutes; heating to 390 ℃, and preserving heat for 80 minutes; heating to 500 ℃, and preserving heat for 80 minutes; heating to 650 ℃, and preserving heat for 90 minutes; raising the temperature to 1000 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 230 minutes; performing air quenching and then performing mist quenching on the blank after the blank is discharged from the furnace; the air quantity is controlled during air cooling quenching treatment as follows: 18908-24380M 3/H fans, the wind pressure is: 700Pa, the surface temperature of the blank reaches: 1000 ℃; the water mist pressure of the mist quenching is as follows: 4Pa, spraying time is as follows: 20min, blank surface temperature: at 450 ℃; 9) tempering: and (5) returning the blank to the furnace, keeping the temperature at 230 ℃ for 350 minutes, discharging from the furnace, and air cooling to obtain the product.
The high-temperature resistant coating layer consists of a bottom coating and a surface coating, and a lubricating coating is sprayed on an upper pressure head of the equipment; the primer formulation is shown in FIG. 6, the topcoat formulation is shown in FIG. 7, and the lubricious coating formulation is shown in FIG. 8; spraying a material: firstly, uniformly spraying a bottom layer coating for three times and then spraying a surface layer coating for two times, wherein the thickness of the bottom layer coating is about 0.2-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the surface layer coating is about 0.2-0.4 mm, on all parts, which are contacted with molten steel, of a first die at the beginning of each shift; secondly, spraying surface layer coating once every time when a mould is made; and thirdly, uniformly coating lubricating paint on the upper pressure head and the matching part of the pressure chamber and the pressure head once when a die is manufactured, so as to strengthen the lubrication between the upper pressure head and the pressure chamber and reduce the friction resistance of the loose core.
The molten steel has the following functions of various elements in the chemical components:
carbon C and chromium Gr: in high chromium cast iron, carbon and chromium are the two most important elements, and C increases the hardness and wear resistance of the matrix. Cr is a main element for forming eutectic carbide, so that eutectic clusters are fine, the size of the carbide is small, the distance between the carbides is short, and the protective effect on a metal matrix is good. Can prevent metal from peeling off in the using process and improve the wear resistance.
Silicon Si: si is free ferrite in a matrix structure of the high-chromium casting, so that the hardness of the matrix is rapidly reduced by the Si, the hardenability of the casting is reduced, and the high hardness of the casting is not easy to obtain after quenching;
mn has auxiliary hardenability in high-chromium castings, and the combined use of Mn and Mo is very effective in improving the hardenability, but too high Mn content easily forms more residual austenite, so that the hardness of the castings is reduced, and the wear resistance of the castings is influenced;
mo mainly plays a role in hardenability in high-chromium castings, so that the hardness of the deep part of the surface of the casting is balanced, and the wear resistance is improved;
v plays a role in refining crystals and preventing spalling in the high-chromium casting, and greatly improves the tensile strength of the high casting while improving the wear resistance.
The invention has the technical innovation points that: 1) in the prior art, the plate hammer adopts a local chilling mode in the solidification forming process, namely, the side surface of the mold core has a chilling effect on molten steel, so that the toughness and compactness of the structure in the local part of the plate hammer are improved, and the service life of the plate hammer is ensured. In actual use, because the molten steel is not chilled by the top surface and the bottom surface of the mold core, the problems of large crystal grains and loose organization in the plate hammer are caused, the overall performance of the plate hammer is reduced, and the product has poor wear resistance, low hardness and easy damage. According to the invention, molten steel is rapidly chilled by adopting a mode that the mold core is wrapped in the chilling part, so that the problem that chilling effects of the plate hammer are inconsistent is thoroughly solved, the problems of coarse grains, non-compact tissues and the like which are easy to appear in the traditional sand casting and lost foam casting are avoided, the toughness and compactness of the tissues of the casting are improved, the service life of the wear-resistant casting is ensured, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; the casting is environment-friendly and green, and no solid pollution is discharged; the utilization rate of the molten steel is 100 percent; the power consumption is comprehensively saved by more than 20%; 2) the thickness of the mold core and the mold sleeve is 150-300 mm. According to the shape and weight of a product, the casting weight of liquid molten steel is scientifically designed, the molten steel at the feeding part exists in an upper pressure chamber, and the molten steel is fully fed in a set time by utilizing a hydraulic program, so that the riser-free casting requirement is met; 3) the process treatment of five-stage quenching, air quenching and fog quenching comprises the following steps: the problem of heat cracking of the blank can be prevented by adopting five-stage quenching; the air quenching and the mist quenching can ensure that the hardenability of the product is better, the product obtains the optimal hardness, and the wear resistance of the product is more effectively improved; 4) the technical performance indexes of the alloy plate hammer are as follows: 1. the hardness is improved by 10-15%; 2. the toughness of casting structures is improved by 160%; 3. the weight is increased by 8 to 15 percent; 4. the service life is prolonged by 2 times.
And (3) adopting a special alloy plate hammer mold to carry out inspection report on the prepared alloy plate hammer:
1. alloy plate hammer sampling scheme: different test numbers respectively correspond to liquid die forging samples under different pressures, as follows:
2. hardness test report
1) Experimental equipment: conventional hardness testing equipment is used, such as: THBRV-187.5 electric Brookfield hardness tester;
2) and (3) test results: as shown in fig. 9, it can be seen that the hardness of the sample shows a gradually increasing trend as the pressure of the ram on the liquid forging machine increases;
3. test report on impact toughness
1) Experimental equipment: conventional impact toughness test equipment is adopted, such as: JB-50B type impact tester;
2) and (3) test results: as shown in FIG. 10, comparing the results of the impact energy absorption of the samples under different liquid forging press pressures, it was found that the toughness of the sample with the best toughness is 6000KN of the liquid forging press, and the toughness of the metal type sample is improved less for the samples under 1900KN and 4500 KN. This shows that the toughness of the workpiece is improved with the increase of the pressure, but the toughness is not always increased, but the best toughness is achieved under a certain pressure condition and a certain state;
4. report on impact wear test
1) Experimental equipment: conventional impact wear test equipment was used, such as: : MLD-10 dynamic load abrasion tester
2) And (3) test results: since the high-chromium cast iron (plate hammer) belongs to a brittle material, 1J impact energy is selected for testing, but the experimental result of FIG. 11 shows that under the action of low impact energy, the sample of the metal mold gravity casting and the pressurized sample both show good wear resistance, and the wear resistance cannot be obviously distinguished from the wear weight loss. As can be seen more intuitively from fig. 12, the weight loss of abrasion increases with the increase of abrasion time, but to a different extent, regardless of the process, with the increase of the impact energy. First, the wear of the test piece was significantly less than the other three cases at 6000KN of liquid forging. In general, the results prove that the wear resistance of the chromium cast iron workpiece can be obviously improved by the liquid forging process, and compared with metal mold casting, the wear resistance of the sample under the 6000KN pressure is improved by more than one time;
5. metallographic structure experimental report
1) Grinding and polishing: after the Rockwell hardness test, the size of the sample is not obviously changed, the sample is directly placed on a metallographic sample polishing machine with the model of PG-2DA, and the metallographic abrasive paper of 100#, 200#, 500#, 800#, 1000#, 1200# and 2000# is used for pre-polishing the sample, and the sample is not washed by water continuously during the pre-polishing process, so that the polished surface is kept free of foreign matters. And polishing by using special polishing cloth for steel after the pre-grinding is finished, and treating until the grinding surface is smooth and no grinding mark can be seen. Finally, washing with clear water, quickly putting into absolute ethyl alcohol, taking out after 3-4 seconds, and drying by using a blower to prevent the ground surface from being oxidized and corroded;
2) and (3) corrosion: for the corrosion of high-chromium cast iron, a 4% by volume aqueous solution of nitric acid and alcohol is generally selected. Before corrosion, the polished surface is determined to be clean, dry and free from foreign matters, and during corrosion, the polished surface of the sample is immersed in a prepared nitric acid-alcohol solution for 150s, so that the surface of the sample is subjected to color conversion. After the corrosion is finished, taking out the sample, putting the sample into water, removing the residual acid, quickly putting the sample into absolute ethyl alcohol, taking out the sample after 3-4 seconds, and drying the sample by using a blower;
3) and (3) observing tissues: and after the corrosion is finished, observing whether the sample preparation result is qualified or not by using a low-power metallographic microscope, and if no problem exists, continuously observing and photographing. Experimental equipment and experimental conditions: experimental equipment: DM200 metallographic microscope, magnification: 100 times and 200 times;
4) and (3) test results: the results are shown in FIG. 13, and the metallographic microstructure of the sample is: (a) no pressure, 100X; (a ʹ) pressureless, 200X; (b)970KN, 100X; (b ʹ)970KN, 200X; (c)1900KN, 100X; (c ʹ)1900KN, 200X; (d)4500KN, 100X; (d ʹ)4500KN, 200X; (e)6000KN, 100X; (e ʹ)6000KN, 200X. According to the low-magnification metallographic picture (a), the high-chromium cast iron with eutectic components has primary carbides which are only in a hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron structure in the metal mold cooling process, the number of the primary carbides is large, the distribution is irregular, and the primary carbides have thick lath-shaped structures and hexagonal short rod-shaped structures; under 970KN pressure, the coarse lath-shaped primary carbide is changed into long-chain carbide, and has a certain direction, the hexagonal block-shaped primary carbide is reduced, and the structure is refined to a certain extent. With the continuous increase of the pressure, the primary carbide is changed into a hexagonal short rod shape from a thick lath shape, and part of the primary carbide has the tendency of spheroidization, the size is reduced, the size is uniform, and the primary carbide is dispersed;
SEM tissue experiment report
Experimental equipment: the equipment model ZEISS EVO tungsten filament series scanning electron microscope;
and (3) test results: FIG. 14 shows, (a) no pressure, 1000X; FIG. 15 shows, (b)970KN, 100X; FIG. 16 shows, (c)1900KN, 1000X; FIG. 17, (d)4500KN, 1000X; FIG. 18 shows (e)6000KN, 1000X. As can be seen from the figure, relatively coarse primary carbides appear in the non-pressurized metal type sample, and the primary carbides have large differences in shape and size and are randomly and unevenly distributed. In the pressure casting mould, the primary carbide in the form of coarse hexagonal lath is changed into curved short rod and fine hexagonal fast, and its quantity is large and distribution is uniform. Secondly, as the solidification pressure increases, the lamellar spacing of the carbides decreases, making the composition distribution more uniform. Meanwhile, under the condition of lower pressure, a cavity is formed in the middle of the strip-shaped primary carbide, the refined primary carbide does not have the phenomenon, and the main reason of analysis is that in the solidification process of the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron, the primary carbide grows in a small crystal face shape, when the primary carbide grows to a certain degree, the primary carbide grows in a covering mode in the lateral direction to form a hexagonal hollow shell, then the primary carbide continues to be solidified inwards, and when the pressure is high, the solid hexagonal primary carbide is formed, so that the organization is favorable for improving the wear resistance of the strip-shaped primary carbide.
Claims (8)
1. The alloy plate hammer production method based on chilling and liquid forging is realized on a liquid forging machine based on a special alloy plate hammer mold;
the special alloy plate hammer mold has the structure that: the upper die is connected with the lower die through a guide assembly and comprises an upper die sleeve, an upper die core, an upper chilling part and a water-cooled upper chilling plate, wherein the upper chilling part is fixed in a gap between the upper die sleeve and the side surface of the upper die core; the lower die comprises a lower die base, a lower die sleeve, a lower die core, a lower chilling piece, a water-cooled upper chilling plate, a material ejector and a die locker, wherein the lower die sleeve is fixed on the lower die base, the lower chilling piece is fixed in a gap between the lower die sleeve and the side surface of the lower die core, the water-cooled lower chilling plate is fixed in a gap between the lower die sleeve and the bottom surface of the lower die core, the lower die sleeve, the lower die core and the water-cooled lower chilling plate are respectively provided with a material ejecting chamber, a lower pressure head on the material ejector is positioned in the material ejecting chamber and used for ejecting blanks in the lower die core, the top surface of the lower pressure head is flush with the bottom surface of a forming cavity of the lower die core, two symmetrically arranged die lockers are respectively fixed on the left side surface and the right side surface of the lower die sleeve, and the die lockers are used for locking the upper die and the lower die; after the upper die and the lower die are closed, an upper die core of the upper die and a lower die core of the lower die are wrapped in a chilling part consisting of an upper chilling part, a water-cooled upper chilling plate, a lower chilling part and a water-cooled lower chilling plate; the cooling water cavities of the water-cooled upper chilling plate and the water-cooled lower chilling plate and the water supply device form a circulating cooling loop through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe;
the method for manufacturing the alloy plate hammer by adopting the special alloy plate hammer mold comprises the following specific steps:
1) molten steel smelting: the molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c =2.8-3.5, Si ≤ 0.8, Cr =25-28, Mn =0.7-0.8, Mo =0.55-0.7, V =0.2-0.5, P < 0.06, S < 0.04, CrC =7-9, and Fe for the remainder; 2) preheating a mould: controlling the temperature of the die to be 150-300 ℃; 3) mold closing and cooling water circulation flow: the mold clamping force of the mold is 800-1200 KN, and mold locking is carried out after mold clamping; cooling water in the water-cooled upper chilling plate and the water-cooled lower chilling plate realizes the circulating flow of the cooling water through a water supply device; 4) Pouring: pouring molten steel into a forming cavity of a mold, wherein the pouring temperature of the molten steel is as follows: 1250-1350 ℃; 5) liquid extrusion: after the molten steel is poured into the mold, the molten steel is chilled in a mode that a mold core is wrapped in a chilling part; in the process of converting the molten steel from a liquid state to a solid state, an upper pressure head of a liquid forging machine enters an upper die pressing chamber to extrude the molten steel, the pressure is 5800-6200 KN, the speed of the upper pressure head is 0.165mm/s, and the upper pressure head maintains the pressure for 3-6 minutes until the molten steel is solidified and formed, so that a blank piece is obtained; 6) demolding the blank: separating the upper die from the lower die, and slowing down the cooling speed of the taken blank through the fly ash or the refractory cotton to naturally cool the blank to a normal temperature state; 7) checking and finishing: removing flash and burr on the blank; 8) the process treatment of five-stage quenching, air quenching and fog quenching comprises the following steps: putting the blank piece into a furnace at normal temperature, heating to 280-320 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-60 minutes; heating to 380-420 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60-90 minutes; heating to 480-520 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60-90 minutes; heating to 630-670 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60-90 minutes; heating to 1000-1050 ℃, and preserving the heat for 200-250 minutes; performing air quenching and then performing mist quenching on the blank after the blank is discharged from the furnace; 9) tempering: and (4) returning the blank piece to the furnace, keeping the temperature at 180-250 ℃ for 300-380 minutes, discharging from the furnace, and air cooling to obtain the product.
2. The method for producing an alloy plate hammer based on chilling and liquid forging according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the guide assembly in the alloy plate hammer mold mainly comprises a guide post, a guide sleeve and a locking nut, the guide post is fixedly connected with the lower die holder, and the guide sleeve sliding on the guide post is fixedly connected with the upper die sleeve.
3. The method for producing an alloy plate hammer based on quenching and liquid forging according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the ejector in the alloy plate hammer mold consists of an ejection hydraulic oil cylinder and a lower pressing head, and the ejection hydraulic oil cylinder fixed on the lower die seat can push the lower pressing head to perform ejection.
4. The method for producing an alloy plate hammer based on chilling and liquid forging according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mould locking device in the alloy plate hammer mould mainly comprises a mould locking hydraulic oil cylinder and a clamping block hinged on a piston rod.
5. The method for producing an alloy plate hammer based on quenching and liquid forging according to claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein: the die cavity surface of the die, the lower pressing head and the upper pressing head of the liquid die forging machine are all provided with high-temperature-resistant coating layers; and a lubricating coating layer is sprayed on the high-temperature resistant coating layer of the upper pressure head of the liquid die forging machine.
6. The method for producing an alloy plate hammer based on chilling and liquid forging according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the optimal component values of the molten steel are as follows: c =3.15, Si =0.696, Cr =25.067, Mn =0.759, Mo =0.673, V =0.278, P =0.021, S =0.009, CrC =8.073, balance Fe.
7. The method for producing an alloy plate hammer based on quenching and liquid forging according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 6, wherein: the air quantity is controlled during air quenching treatment as follows: 18908-24380M 3/H fans, the wind pressure is: 610-728Pa, the surface temperature of the blank reaches: 970 ℃ to 1050 ℃.
8. The method for producing an alloy plate hammer based on chilling and liquid forging according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water mist pressure of the mist quenching is as follows: 4Pa, spraying time is as follows: 10-30min, blank surface temperature: 400 ℃ and 600 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910768474.3A CN110340327B (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | Alloy plate hammer production method based on chilling and liquid die forging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910768474.3A CN110340327B (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | Alloy plate hammer production method based on chilling and liquid die forging |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110340327A CN110340327A (en) | 2019-10-18 |
| CN110340327B true CN110340327B (en) | 2022-01-04 |
Family
ID=68180858
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910768474.3A Active CN110340327B (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | Alloy plate hammer production method based on chilling and liquid die forging |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110340327B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111069563B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-09-07 | 河北中泊防爆工具集团股份有限公司 | Metal casting mold and method for manufacturing aluminum bronze explosion-proof hammer |
| CN111112576B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-09-07 | 河北中泊防爆工具集团股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing beryllium bronze explosion-proof hammer |
| CN111468700A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-31 | 浙江元鼎船舶设备有限公司 | Fixed pitch propeller casting equipment for Yangtze river inland ship and special method |
| CN112207259A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-12 | 浙江新峰机械有限公司 | Hub forming die |
| CN117300627B (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-06-25 | 陕西多伦科技发展有限公司 | Metal integrated processing device, method and equipment |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2615768A1 (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-12-02 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | METHOD FOR SHELL MOLDING, PARTICULARLY METALLIC, AND DEVICE AND SHELL THEREFOR |
| JP2000225455A (en) * | 1999-02-03 | 2000-08-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method and apparatus for casting cast iron |
| CN1803340A (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2006-07-19 | 北京交通大学 | Preparation method of two-directional chapiter blank for coal mine supporting and protection, and its mould |
| CN105364017A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-03-02 | 成都兴宇精密铸造有限公司 | Hollow valve lifter mold |
| CN208083420U (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-13 | 广东鸿特精密技术肇庆有限公司 | A kind of more extrusion head extrusion casint mould bases of single action hydraulic press |
| CN109834245A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 成都兴宇精密铸造有限公司 | A kind of continuous Quench casting extruding mold of magnesium alloy |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103056337B (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-12-31 | 北京交通大学 | Liquid forging mould of blank of separator rotary drum and liquid forging method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-08-20 CN CN201910768474.3A patent/CN110340327B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2615768A1 (en) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-12-02 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | METHOD FOR SHELL MOLDING, PARTICULARLY METALLIC, AND DEVICE AND SHELL THEREFOR |
| JP2000225455A (en) * | 1999-02-03 | 2000-08-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method and apparatus for casting cast iron |
| CN1803340A (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2006-07-19 | 北京交通大学 | Preparation method of two-directional chapiter blank for coal mine supporting and protection, and its mould |
| CN105364017A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-03-02 | 成都兴宇精密铸造有限公司 | Hollow valve lifter mold |
| CN109834245A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 成都兴宇精密铸造有限公司 | A kind of continuous Quench casting extruding mold of magnesium alloy |
| CN208083420U (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-13 | 广东鸿特精密技术肇庆有限公司 | A kind of more extrusion head extrusion casint mould bases of single action hydraulic press |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110340327A (en) | 2019-10-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110340327B (en) | Alloy plate hammer production method based on chilling and liquid die forging | |
| CN105018834B (en) | Alloy Bainite ductile cast iron roller surface of high-pressure roller mill and preparation method of alloy Bainite ductile cast iron roller surface | |
| CN110076322B (en) | Ceramic reinforced steel-based wear-resistant composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| US20180257134A1 (en) | Composite casting special-shaped roll and preparation process therefore | |
| CN106735225B (en) | A method of being injected into shape forging aluminium alloy brake disc brake drum | |
| CN108277443A (en) | 4200mm or more wide and heavy plate mills backing roll and its manufacturing process | |
| CN109880977A (en) | A method of improving H13 steel gear Service Life of Hot Forging Die | |
| CN106834888A (en) | A kind of high-strength abrasion-proof cast steel lining board and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110964973B (en) | High-manganese CADI and heat treatment method thereof | |
| CN106282777A (en) | One inlays bainite and martensite Multiphase Steel abrasion-proof backing block and preparation method thereof | |
| CN100999781A (en) | High manganese steel frog surface explosive harden tech. | |
| CN113444976B (en) | High-carbon high-aluminum steel for drilling and lock making and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101451181A (en) | Heat treatment method of high-hardness wear-resistant cast iron | |
| CN113322370B (en) | Long-life gray cast iron, method for prolonging service life of gray cast iron and application of gray cast iron | |
| CN105543641A (en) | Composite roller of particle-reinforced hot-rolled seamless steel pipe tandem mill and preparing method thereof | |
| Li et al. | Friction resistance and bonding strength of high vanadium alloy steel/low carbon steel bimetal after heat treatments | |
| CN113000822B (en) | Ceramic reinforced Fe-B alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108746206A (en) | With the method for high-carbon low-alloy steel continuous cast round billets Rolling Production quartering hammer piston rod steel | |
| CN210475495U (en) | Alloy plate hammer production die based on chilling and liquid forging | |
| CN1069350C (en) | Production method of the millstone for ball grinding mill | |
| Chang et al. | Properties of cross-rolled low alloy white cast iron grinding ball | |
| CN112391586A (en) | Preparation process of alloy lining plate | |
| CN111118276A (en) | Heat treatment process for ultra-deep quench-hardened cold roll | |
| CN101670559B (en) | Shot blasting machine wear-resistant blade and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105648349B (en) | A kind of preparation method of cut deal hot straightening roll |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |