CN110330879A - 一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料 - Google Patents

一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料 Download PDF

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CN110330879A
CN110330879A CN201910755614.3A CN201910755614A CN110330879A CN 110330879 A CN110330879 A CN 110330879A CN 201910755614 A CN201910755614 A CN 201910755614A CN 110330879 A CN110330879 A CN 110330879A
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刁宝龙
常海军
贾志奇
邢志功
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,包括以下原料:聚氨酯30‑85质量份,聚脲40‑85质量份,导电聚合物0.3‑8质量份,纳米硅粉5‑15质量份,相容剂0.1‑2.5质量份,消泡剂0.1‑2.5质量份,高分子聚酰胺‑胺树状大分子(PAMAM)分散混合剂0.1‑2.5质量份,流平剂0.1‑2.5质量份,色粉0.1‑1.5质量份,所述聚氨酯为聚酯聚氨酯、聚醚聚氨酯、环氧聚氨酯中的任意一种化合物或任意几种化合物的组合物,优选40‑80份。本发明利用介孔纳米氧化硅提升涂料抗冲击性,选择聚酰胺‑胺树状大分子PAMAM的纳米空腔容留羧酸锌、羧酸铋等,促进有机‑无机元素组份之间、聚酯、聚脲高分子与其他填料、添加剂间的均匀分散,稳定作用,从而制备出兼具优良防弹性能与耐腐蚀、导电特点的涂料。

Description

一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料
技术领域
本发明涉及功能性涂料相关技术领域,具体为一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料。
背景技术
聚氨酯、聚脲双组分功能涂料具有良好的附着力、耐化学品腐蚀及优良的耐磨、抗冲击等性能,在化工、军工、航空、航海等领域应用广泛,基于此原理,美国LINE-X公司研发的超强韧保护涂装产品—LINE-X,该材料涂覆在墙上可以防爆破,子弹射击只留下坑而不射穿,涂覆在西瓜、鸡蛋表面可摔不烂。众所周知,传统聚氨酯、聚脲功能涂料由聚氨酯,聚脲,导电聚合物、相容剂、消泡剂、分散剂、流平剂、色粉等混合而成,通过这些组分的适当组合可调配出一般应用功能性质的涂料。而满足高端领域所需高性能涂料生产的关键:一方面是通过使用不同的添加剂获得更强的抗冲击、抗腐蚀等特定功能,另一方面是保持聚酯、聚脲主要成分能与涂料中其他添加组分良好混容,形成均匀分散体,易于成膜,形成性能优异的涂料层。专利CN108384440公开了添加硅气凝胶有助于提升涂料的防爆抗冲击性能,但有限的介孔孔道织构使其在涂料中的分散性能受到了影响,限制其发挥更好抗冲击性。纳米介孔氧化硅材料,一种具有大的比表面积和孔体积、均匀可调的孔径的氧化硅材料;以此填充高分子涂料,其优异纳米介孔网络织构和较高惰性化学性质的特点有助于增强涂料的抗冲击性能和耐腐蚀性能。聚酰胺-胺树状大分子(PAMAM),一类含有氨基官能团、纳米空腔结构的大分子物质。
利用PAMAM分子上的氮氧官能团与羧酸铋、羧酸锌等化合物中金属间的相互作用,将无机金属物种很好分散到PAMAM纳米空腔中,形成铋、锌-PAMAM复合物,有助于羧酸铋、羧酸锌在聚酯、聚脲等高分子物料中的分散,促进聚酯、聚脲物种的进一步聚合反应作用,同时,促进氧化硅等填料的分散,实现防弹防爆等特定功能涂料的生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,以解决上述背景技术中提到的进一步提升涂料的防弹防爆效果,同时使涂料具备较好的耐腐蚀性和导电性的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,包括以下原料:
聚氨酯30-85质量份,聚脲40-85质量份,导电聚合物0.3-8质量份,纳米硅粉5-15质量份,相容剂0.1-2.5质量份,消泡剂0.1-2.5质量份,高分子聚酰胺-胺树状大分子(PAMAM)分散混合剂0.1-2.5质量份,流平剂0.1-2.5质量份,色粉0.1-1.5质量份。
优选的,所述聚氨酯为聚酯聚氨酯、聚醚聚氨酯、环氧聚氨酯中的任意一种化合物或任意几种化合物的组合物,优选40-80份。
优选的,所述导电聚合物为聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯中的任意一种化合物或任意几种化合物的组合物,优选0.3-5质量份。
优选的,所述纳米硅粉为氧化硅介孔纳米材料,其比表面积在800-1200cm2/g,孔容0.5-1.4cm3/g,孔径2-15nm,优选5-10质量份。
优选的,所述相容剂为硅烷偶联剂,铝酸脂偶联剂中的任意一种化合物或任意几种化合物的组合物,优选0.5-2.0质量份。
优选的,所述消泡剂为硅油,优选0.2-2质量份。
优选的,所述分散剂是高分子聚酰胺-胺树状大分子(PAMAM)分散混合剂,优选占0.2-2质量份。
优选的,所述高分子聚酰胺-胺树状大分子(PAMAM)为G1.5-G4.5代的聚酰胺-胺树状大分子,PAMAM分散混合剂包括PAMAM及其纳米空腔容留的羧酸铋、羧酸锌中的任意一种化合物或任意几种化合物的组合物组成,羧酸铋、羧酸锌占分散混合剂1-2%。
优选的,所述流平剂为烯丙基三甲氧基硅烷类硅烷偶联剂,优选 0.1-1.5质量份。
优选的,所述色粉,可以是铁红、钛白粉,占0.1-1.5质量份。
本发明提供了一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,具备以下有益效果:
本发明利用介孔纳米氧化硅提升涂料抗冲击性,选择聚酰胺-胺树状大分子PAMAM的纳米空腔容留羧酸锌、羧酸铋等,促进有机-无机元素组份之间、聚酯、聚脲高分子与其他填料、添加剂间的均匀分散,稳定作用,从而使制备出的涂料兼具优良防弹性能与耐腐蚀、导电的特点。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,包括以下原料:
聚酯聚氨酯45 Kg,芳香族聚脲45Kg,聚乙炔0.3Kg,纳米硅粉5Kg,硅烷偶联剂0.2 Kg,硅油0.1 Kg,高分子聚酰胺-胺树状大分子(PAMAM,2.5G)分散混合剂0.2 Kg,羧酸锌0.2%,烯丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.1 Kg,铁红粉0.1Kg。
实施例2:
一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,包括以下原料:
聚醚聚氨酯45 Kg,脂肪族聚脲45Kg,聚吡咯0.1Kg,聚乙炔0.2Kg,纳米硅粉6Kg,铝酸酯偶联剂0.5 Kg,硅油0.15 Kg,高分子聚酰胺-胺树状大分子(PAMAM,3G)分散混合剂0.25Kg,羧酸铋0.25%Kg,烯丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.2Kg,钛白粉0.1Kg。
对比例1
聚酯聚氨酯45 Kg,芳香族聚脲45Kg,聚乙炔0.3Kg,硅烷偶联剂0.2 Kg,硅油0.1 Kg,高分子聚酰胺-胺树状大分子(PAMAM,2.5G)分散混合剂0.2 Kg,羧酸锌0.2%Kg,烯丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.1 Kg,铁红粉0.1K。
对比例2
聚醚聚氨酯45 Kg,脂肪族聚脲45Kg,聚吡咯0.1Kg,聚乙炔0.2Kg,纳米硅粉6Kg,铝酸酯偶联剂0.5 Kg,硅油0.15 Kg,烯丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.2Kg,钛白粉0.1Kg。
根据实施例1-2与对比例1-2的相关涂料性能测试数据如下表所示:
实施例 防弹性能(5mm涂层50米射击) 防爆性能(10mm涂料层 0.1KgTNT爆炸) 防腐性能
实施例1 1.1mm坑 良好 良好
实施例 2 1.3mm坑 良好 良好
对比例 1 击穿 碎裂 较好
对比例2 3.4mm坑 微裂 较好
由上表面可知,本发明采用的纳米硅粉和PAMAM分散混合剂增强了聚酯、聚脲类涂料的防弹防爆性能。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

1.一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,其特征在于,包括以下原料:
聚氨酯30-85质量份,聚脲40-85质量份,导电聚合物0.3-8质量份,纳米硅粉5-15质量份,相容剂0.1-2.5质量份,消泡剂0.1-2.5质量份,高分子聚酰胺-胺树状大分子(PAMAM)分散混合剂0.1-2.5质量份,流平剂0.1-2.5质量份,色粉0.1-1.5质量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯为聚酯聚氨酯、聚醚聚氨酯、环氧聚氨酯中的任意一种化合物或任意几种化合物的组合物,优选40-80份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,其特征在于,所述导电聚合物为聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯中的任意一种化合物或任意几种化合物的组合物,优选0.3-5质量份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,其特征在于,所述纳米硅粉为氧化硅介孔纳米材料,其比表面积在800-1200cm2/g,孔容0.5-1.4cm3/g,孔径2-15nm,优选5-10质量份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,其特征在于,所述相容剂为硅烷偶联剂,铝酸脂偶联剂中的任意一种化合物或任意几种化合物的组合物,优选0.5-2.0质量份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,其特征在于,所述消泡剂为硅油,优选0.2-2质量份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,其特征在于,所述分散剂是高分子聚酰胺-胺树状大分子(PAMAM)分散混合剂,优选占0.2-2质量份。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,其特征在于,所述高分子聚酰胺-胺树状大分子(PAMAM)为G1.5-G4.5代的聚酰胺-胺树状大分子,PAMAM分散混合剂包括PAMAM及其纳米空腔容留的羧酸铋、羧酸锌中的任意一种化合物或任意几种化合物的组合物组成,羧酸铋、羧酸锌占分散混合剂1-2.5%,优选占1-2%。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,其特征在于,所述流平剂为烯丙基三甲氧基硅烷类硅烷偶联剂,优选 0.1-1.5质量份。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料,其特征在于,所述色粉,可以是铁红、钛白粉,占0.1-1.5质量份。
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CN112064356A (zh) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-11 安徽瑜合警用装备有限公司 一种高性能防弹衣贴身层复合材料、制备方法及其应用
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111925725A (zh) * 2020-07-07 2020-11-13 厦门三德信科技股份有限公司 聚氨酯涂料、高透明热塑性聚氨酯外防爆涂层及制作方法
CN112064356A (zh) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-11 安徽瑜合警用装备有限公司 一种高性能防弹衣贴身层复合材料、制备方法及其应用
CN112064356B (zh) * 2020-09-10 2023-02-24 安徽瑜合警用装备有限公司 一种高性能防弹衣贴身层复合材料、制备方法及其应用
CN112980083A (zh) * 2021-03-29 2021-06-18 鸡西瀚宇石墨烯科技有限公司 一种石墨烯抑菌增强塑料的制备方法及其制备装置

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