CN108384440A - 一种防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料 - Google Patents

一种防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料 Download PDF

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CN108384440A
CN108384440A CN201810240951.4A CN201810240951A CN108384440A CN 108384440 A CN108384440 A CN 108384440A CN 201810240951 A CN201810240951 A CN 201810240951A CN 108384440 A CN108384440 A CN 108384440A
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陈和奎
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Chongqing Ao Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，该涂料包括以下组分：聚氨酯40‑80重量份、聚脲40‑80重量份、导电聚合物0.5‑10重量份、气凝胶5‑20重量份、相容剂0.2‑2重量份、消泡剂0.2‑2重量份、分散剂0.2‑2重量份、流平剂0.2‑2重量份、色粉0‑1重量份。该涂料具有防弹性能好、防爆性能佳、防腐蚀效果优异、持久耐磨、防水、导电的优点，可广泛应用于军工、军舰、核电、航空航天等领域。

Description

一种防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料
技术领域
本发明涉及涂料领域，具体涉及一种防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料。
背景技术
从古代战争抵御刀剑伤害的盔甲到现代的防弹衣，通常均通过金属板或陶瓷板增加厚度或叠层到达一定的防护效果，不仅负重导致行动不便，而且制约了战术战略的有效发挥。聚氨酯和聚脲有一定的防弹防爆防腐效果，两者进行复配综合性能有所增强，其具有较轻的质量，基于此原理，美国LINE-X公司研发的超强韧保护涂装产品—LINE-X，该材料涂覆在墙上可以防爆破，子弹射击只留下坑而不射穿，涂覆在西瓜、鸡蛋表面可摔不烂。但是该产品的性能仍可进一步得到提升。气凝胶是一种轻质纳米多孔材料，密度可低达3Kg/m3，孔洞率可高达99％。其纤细的纳米多孔网络结构有效地抑制了固态、气态和辐射热传导，使其成为一种高效轻质的纳米多孔隔热防热材料，更重要的是，其填充在高分子材料中，能达到冲击力越大可使材料变得更硬更强更具抵御力，因此能进一步提升涂料的防弹防爆效果。同时，导电聚合物具有优异的导电和防腐性能，被认为是最有实际应用前景的导电剂和防腐剂，可大幅度提高材料的防腐蚀效果，使涂料在极端领域得到应用。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，该涂料具有防弹性能好、防爆性能佳、防腐蚀效果优异、持久耐磨、防水、导电的优点。
本发明提供了一种防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，所述防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料中含有以下组分：
本发明中，所述聚氨酯为丙烯酸聚氨酯、醇酸聚氨酯、聚酯聚氨酯、聚醚聚氨酯、环氧聚氨酯中的至少一种。聚氨酯具有硬度范围宽、强度高、性能可调节范围大、耐磨、耐油、耐臭氧的优点，但是存在耐湿热性能差、不耐强极性溶剂和强酸碱介质。聚氨酯用量过少，涂料的耐磨、耐油、耐臭氧欠佳；聚氨酯用量过多，耐湿热、耐强极性溶剂和强酸碱介质等性能较差。
本发明中，所述聚脲为芳香族聚脲、脂肪族聚脲和天门冬氨酸酯聚脲中的至少一种。聚脲具有优异的机械、防腐、防水、耐磨、耐老化性能，且对温、湿度不敏感。聚脲用量过少，涂料的综合性能欠佳；聚脲用量过多，涂料成本过高。
本发明中，所述导电聚合物为聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩、聚乙炔中的至少一种。导电聚合物具有优异的导电和防腐性能。导电聚合物用量过少，涂料的导电和防腐性能欠佳；导电聚合物用量过多，涂料的机械性能差，且成本较高。
本发明中，所述气凝胶为氧化硅气凝胶、氧化钛气凝胶、碳纳米管气凝胶、石墨烯气凝胶中的至少一种。气凝胶具有质轻的特点，同时填充入高分子材料中，随着冲击力的变大其强度和硬度也变大，从而起到防弹防爆的作用。气凝胶用量过少，涂料的防弹防爆效果不明显；气凝胶用量过大，将导致涂料粘度过大无法施工。
本发明中，所述相容剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂中的至少一种。相容剂提高气凝胶与高分子材料之间的表面作用力，从而提高综合性能。相容剂用量过少，涂料的综合性能提升有限；相容剂用量过多，机械性能低下的多余的相容剂导致涂料的综合性能下降，且成本增加。
本发明中，所述消泡剂为磷酸三丁酯、硅油类中的至少一种。消泡剂的作用是消除生产和施工过程中产生的气泡，从而消除对涂层外观的不利影响。消泡剂用量过少，除泡效果不明显，施工时产生的气泡易对外观造成不良；消泡剂用量过多，涂料容易分层，不利于保存和施工，且成本增加。
本发明中，所述分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、焦磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、羟基纤维素类、聚丙烯酸盐类中的至少一种。分散剂用于涂料各组分之间的分散，防止团聚等的出现导致涂料综合性能下降。分散剂用量过少，涂料各组分分散欠佳；分散剂用量过多，多余的分散剂对涂料的性能和外观均带来不利影响。
本发明中，所述流平剂为硅烷偶联剂、聚丙烯酸类中至少一种。流平剂的作用是降低涂料的表面张力，使其施工时具有更加的流平性，从而得到更佳的外观。流平剂用量过少，流平效果不佳使涂料施工困难导致外观欠佳；流平剂用量过多，多余的流平剂对涂料的性能和外观均带来不利影响。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明，应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例提供一种防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，包括以下组分：
本发明中，所述聚氨酯为丙烯酸聚氨酯、醇酸聚氨酯、聚酯聚氨酯、聚醚聚氨酯、环氧聚氨酯中的至少一种。聚氨酯具有硬度范围宽、强度高、性能可调节范围大、耐磨、耐油、耐臭氧的优点，但是存在耐湿热性能差、不耐强极性溶剂和强酸碱介质。聚氨酯用量过少，涂料的耐磨、耐油、耐臭氧欠佳；聚氨酯用量过多，耐湿热、耐强极性溶剂和强酸碱介质等性能较差。
本发明中，所述聚脲为芳香族聚脲、脂肪族聚脲和天门冬氨酸酯聚脲中的至少一种。聚脲具有优异的机械、防腐、防水、耐磨、耐老化性能，且对温、湿度不敏感。聚脲用量过少，涂料的综合性能欠佳；聚脲用量过多，涂料成本过高。
本发明中，所述导电聚合物为聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩、聚乙炔中的至少一种。导电聚合物具有优异的导电和防腐性能。导电聚合物用量过少，涂料的导电和防腐性能欠佳；导电聚合物用量过多，涂料的机械性能差，且成本较高。
本发明中，所述气凝胶为氧化硅气凝胶、氧化钛气凝胶、碳纳米管气凝胶、石墨烯气凝胶中的至少一种。气凝胶具有质轻的特点，同时填充入高分子材料中，随着冲击力的变大其强度和硬度也变大，从而起到防弹防爆的作用。气凝胶用量过少，涂料的防弹防爆效果不明显；气凝胶用量过大，将导致涂料粘度过大无法施工。
本发明中，所述相容剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂中的至少一种。相容剂提高气凝胶与高分子材料之间的表面作用力，从而提高综合性能。相容剂用量过少，涂料的综合性能提升有限；相容剂用量过多，机械性能低下的多余的相容剂导致涂料的综合性能下降，且成本增加。
本发明中，所述消泡剂为磷酸三丁酯、硅油类中的至少一种。消泡剂的作用是消除生产和施工过程中产生的气泡，从而消除对涂层外观的不利影响。消泡剂用量过少，除泡效果不明显，施工时产生的气泡易对外观造成不良；消泡剂用量过多，涂料容易分层，不利于保存和施工，且成本增加。
本发明中，所述分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、焦磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、羟基纤维素类、聚丙烯酸盐类中的至少一种。分散剂用于涂料各组分之间的分散，防止团聚等的出现导致涂料综合性能下降。分散剂用量过少，涂料各组分分散欠佳；分散剂用量过多，多余的分散剂对涂料的性能和外观均带来不利影响。
本发明中，所述流平剂为硅烷偶联剂、聚丙烯酸类中至少一种。流平剂的作用是降低涂料的表面张力，使其施工时具有更加的流平性，从而得到更佳的外观。流平剂用量过少，流平效果不佳使涂料施工困难导致外观欠佳；流平剂用量过多，多余的流平剂对涂料的性能和外观均带来不利影响。
为了使本发明所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
实施例1
将丙烯酸聚氨酯40Kg、脂肪族聚脲40Kg、聚乙炔0.5Kg、石墨烯气凝胶5Kg、铝酸酯偶联剂0.2Kg、消泡剂磷酸三丁酯0.2Kg、分散剂三聚磷酸钠0.2Kg、流平剂硅烷偶联剂0.2Kg混合均匀，制得防弹防爆防腐涂料。
实施例2
将醇酸聚氨酯80Kg、芳香族聚脲80Kg、聚苯胺10Kg、碳纳米管气凝胶20Kg、钛酸酯偶联剂2Kg、消泡剂硅油2Kg、分散剂焦磷酸钠2Kg、聚丙烯酸类流平剂2Kg、钛白粉1Kg混合均匀，制得防弹防爆防腐涂料。
实施例3
将聚酯聚氨酯60Kg、天门冬氨酸酯聚脲60Kg、聚吡咯5Kg、氧化硅气凝胶15Kg、硅烷偶联剂1Kg、消泡剂含氢硅油1Kg、分散剂六偏磷酸钠1Kg、聚丙烯酸类流平剂1Kg、铁红0.5Kg混合均匀，制得防弹防爆防腐涂料。
实施例4
将聚醚聚氨酯50Kg、芳香族聚脲50Kg、聚噻吩5Kg、氧化钛气凝胶20Kg、硅烷偶联剂0.8Kg、消泡剂硅油0.8Kg、分散剂羟基纤维素类0.8Kg、聚丙烯酸类流平剂0.8Kg混合均匀，制得防弹防爆防腐涂料。
实施例5
将环氧聚氨酯45Kg、天门冬氨酸酯聚脲45Kg、聚苯胺10Kg、氧化硅气凝胶20Kg、硅烷偶联剂1.5Kg、消泡剂甲基硅油1Kg、分散剂聚丙烯酸盐1Kg、聚丙烯酸类流平剂1Kg混合均匀，制得防弹防爆防腐涂料。
对比例1
在实施例3中，将聚酯聚氨酯去除。
对比例2
在实施例3中，将天门冬氨酸酯聚脲去除。
对比例3
在实施例3中，将聚吡咯去除。
对比例4
在实施例3中，将乙氧化硅气凝胶去除。
对比例5
在实施例3中，将硅烷偶联剂去除。
相关性能测试：
将上述实施例1-5和对比例1-5提供的加工特点和产品性能如表1所示。
表1实施例和对比例对比
从上表的测试结果可以看出，本发明实施例制备的防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料具有优异的防弹、防爆、防腐等特点。由实施例3与对比例1、2、4比较可看出，聚氨酯、聚脲和气凝胶赋予了涂料优异的防弹防爆性能；由实施例3与对比例3比较可看出，导电聚合物赋予了涂料优异的防腐蚀性能；由实施例3与对比例5比较可看出，相容剂可提高涂料的综合性能。
以上是对本发明实施例所提供的一种防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体实施例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，其特征在于，包括如下组分：
2.权利要求1所述防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，其特征在于，所述聚氨酯为丙烯酸聚氨酯、醇酸聚氨酯、聚酯聚氨酯、聚醚聚氨酯、环氧聚氨酯中的至少一种。
3.权利要求1所述防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，其特征在于，所述聚脲为芳香族聚脲、脂肪族聚脲和天门冬氨酸酯聚脲中的至少一种。
4.权利要求1所述防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，其特征在于，所述导电聚合物为聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩、聚乙炔中的至少一种。
5.权利要求1所述防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，其特征在于，所述气凝胶为氧化硅气凝胶、氧化钛气凝胶、碳纳米管气凝胶、石墨烯气凝胶中的至少一种。
6.权利要求1所述防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，其特征在于，所述相容剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂中的至少一种。
7.权利要求1所述防弹防爆防腐蚀涂料，其特征在于，所述消泡剂为磷酸三丁酯、硅油类中的至少一种，所述分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、焦磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、羟基纤维素类、聚丙烯酸盐类中的至少一种，所述流平剂为硅烷偶联剂、聚丙烯酸类中至少一种。
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CN110330879A (zh) * 2019-08-15 2019-10-15 北京非攻安防技术研究院 一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料
CN111925725A (zh) * 2020-07-07 2020-11-13 厦门三德信科技股份有限公司 聚氨酯涂料、高透明热塑性聚氨酯外防爆涂层及制作方法
CN112662165A (zh) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-16 安徽凯沃科技有限公司 一种聚氨酯山体岩防弹防辐射墙板
CN112724908A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-30 江苏九九久特种纤维制品有限公司 一种气凝胶改性胶液及其制备方法
CN112760027A (zh) * 2021-01-25 2021-05-07 北京诚志北分机电技术有限公司 一种多用途防弹涂料及其制备方法
CN113839136A (zh) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-24 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 电池箱、电动汽车、含聚脲和气凝胶的混合材料的应用

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CN103709903A (zh) * 2013-12-20 2014-04-09 中远关西涂料化工（天津）有限公司 高固体导电型环氧富锌底漆
CN107266997A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2017-10-20 南京唯才新能源科技有限公司 一种气凝胶水性隔热涂料及其制备方法

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110330879A (zh) * 2019-08-15 2019-10-15 北京非攻安防技术研究院 一种具有防弹防爆功能的涂料
CN113839136A (zh) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-24 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 电池箱、电动汽车、含聚脲和气凝胶的混合材料的应用
CN111925725A (zh) * 2020-07-07 2020-11-13 厦门三德信科技股份有限公司 聚氨酯涂料、高透明热塑性聚氨酯外防爆涂层及制作方法
CN112662165A (zh) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-16 安徽凯沃科技有限公司 一种聚氨酯山体岩防弹防辐射墙板
CN112724908A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-30 江苏九九久特种纤维制品有限公司 一种气凝胶改性胶液及其制备方法
CN112760027A (zh) * 2021-01-25 2021-05-07 北京诚志北分机电技术有限公司 一种多用途防弹涂料及其制备方法

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