CN110327428B - 一种天麻健脑颗粒及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- CN110327428B CN110327428B CN201910762784.4A CN201910762784A CN110327428B CN 110327428 B CN110327428 B CN 110327428B CN 201910762784 A CN201910762784 A CN 201910762784A CN 110327428 B CN110327428 B CN 110327428B
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Abstract
本发明公开一种天麻健脑颗粒,属于中药技术领域。本发明的天麻健脑组合物由以下重量计的原料药物制成:法半夏125~175g、白术140~180g、天麻140~180g、钩藤140~180g、泽泻140~180g、茯苓225~275g、石菖蒲140~180g和红景天90~120g。本发明的天麻组合物中的药材配伍相宜,适用于治疗风痰上扰所致头晕、头痛、失眠;风痰上扰型中风所致肢体麻木、瘫痪,效果显著,所制成的天麻健脑颗粒便于服用,提高了患者的依从性,且能防止复发,符合现代人的需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种天麻健脑颗粒及其制备方法。
背景技术
风痰上扰为证候名,是指肝风夹痰上扰于头,以头部胀痛,或阵发剧痛,头晕目眩,面赤口苦,舌红苔黄腻,脉弦滑等为常见症的证候。风痰上扰容易使病人出现头晕、头痛、失眠的症状,严重者甚至可发展为中风,使病人出现肢体麻木、瘫痪的症状。
在现代生活中,风痰上扰所致的头晕、头痛、失眠、中风已成为易发性疾病,当病人稍有起居、饮食不慎,容易病情反复,影响正常的工作和生活。与常规应用西药治疗方法相比,采用中药治疗方法在临床的应用上效果更佳。岭南地区东南环海,湖泊众多,气候温暖潮湿,东莞更有水乡之称,特殊的地理及气候特点决定了本地区患者偏于痰湿体质。而当今社会生活节奏快,工作压力大,易忧郁恼怒,怒则气上,气机逆乱,上亢之风阳夹痰而起,脑神被扰,清窍被蒙,出现头晕欲仆,失眠,头痛,甚至中风等症。
目前,在众多中药剂型中,中药汤剂是最为常见的一种。这是由于中药汤剂调配灵活,便于加减运用,对个体差异针对性强,口服后吸收迅速,易于接受,副作用小,疗效确切。但汤剂疗效受原药材质量、炮制工艺、煎煮条件等影响较大,在现代临床应用过程中,不能很好适应现代人需求。
为了解决上述技术问题,特此提出一种新的技术方案。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种天麻健脑颗粒及其制备方法,本发明的天麻组合物原料配伍相宜,适用于治疗风痰上扰所致头晕、头痛、失眠;风痰上扰型中风所致肢体麻木、瘫痪,效果显著,所制成的天麻健脑颗粒便于服用,提高了患者的依从性,且能防止复发,符合现代人的需求。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种天麻健脑组合物,所述的天麻健脑组合物由以下重量计的原料药物制成:法半夏125~175g、白术140~180g、天麻140~180g、钩藤140~180g、泽泻140~180g、茯苓225~275g、石菖蒲140~180g和红景天90~120g。
进一步地,所述的天麻健脑组合物的制备方法为:取配方量的法半夏、白术、天麻、钩藤、泽泻、茯苓、石菖蒲和红景天加水热循环回流提取3~5h,提取液浓缩成相对密度为1.20~1.30的清膏,即为天麻健脑组合物。
进一步地,所述的天麻健脑组合物的制备方法为:
S1:取配方量的法半夏、白术、天麻、钩藤、泽泻、茯苓、石菖蒲和红景天,加入药材总量8~12倍的提取溶液进行超声波提取,过滤后得到提取液;
S2:将步骤S1中的提取液加热浓缩,得到相对密度为1.20~1.30的清膏,即为天麻健脑组合物。
更进一步地,所述的提取溶液为含有1%~2%提取剂和30~50%乙醇的水溶液。
更进一步地,所述的提取剂由柠檬酸、硬脂酰乳酸钙和三棕榈酸甘油酯按照12:10:(4~8)的质量比组成。
本发明提供的天麻健脑组合物在制备治疗风痰上扰所致头晕、头痛、失眠和风痰上扰型中风所致肢体麻木、瘫痪药物中的应用。
本发明提供一种天麻健脑制剂,包含上述的天麻健脑组合物及药学上可用的辅料。
进一步地,所述的天麻健脑制剂为颗粒剂。
本发明提供一种天麻健脑颗粒,包含以下重量份数的组分:如上述天麻健脑组合物430~500份和糊精450~570份。
本发明还提供一种天麻健脑颗粒的制备方法,所述的制备方法包括以下步骤:
A)清膏的制备;
S1:取配方量的法半夏、白术、天麻、钩藤、泽泻、茯苓、石菖蒲和红景天,加入药材总量8~12倍的提取溶液进行超声波提取,过滤后得到提取液;
S2:将步骤S1中的提取液加热浓缩,得到相对密度为1.20~1.30的清膏。
B)将药用辅料加入到清膏内混匀,再加入90~95%乙醇制粒,得到湿颗粒;
C)将步骤B)中的湿颗粒置于沸腾干燥机中,于50~60℃下干燥,得到干颗粒;
D)对步骤C)中的干颗粒进行依次过10目和40目筛,得到天麻健脑颗粒。
本发明所用原料的功效:
法半夏:燥湿化痰。用于痰多咳喘,痰饮眩悸,风痰眩晕,痰厥头痛。
天麻:息风,定惊。治眩晕眼黑,头风头痛,肢体麻木,半身不遂,语言蹇涩,小儿惊痫动风。
钩藤:息风定惊,清热平肝之功效。常用于肝风内动,惊痫抽搐,高热惊厥,感冒夹惊,小儿惊啼,妊娠子痫,头痛眩晕。
茯苓:利水渗湿,健脾,宁心。用于水肿尿少,痰饮眩悸,脾虚食少,便溏泄泻,心神不安,惊悸失眠。
泽泻:主治肾炎水肿、肾盂肾炎、肠炎泄泻、小便不利等症。
白术:健脾益气,燥湿利水,止汗,安胎的功效,用于脾虚食少,腹胀泄泻,痰饮眩悸,水肿,自汗,胎动不安。
石菖蒲:化湿开胃,开窍豁痰,醒神益智。用于脘痞不饥,噤口下痢,神昏癫痫,健忘耳聋。
红景天:有补气清肺、益智养心、收涩止血、散瘀消肿的功效。主治气虚体弱、病后畏寒、气短乏力、肺热咳嗽、咯血、白带腹泻、跌打损伤等。
配伍机理:以法半夏、天麻为君药,其中法半夏燥湿化痰,理气和胃,降逆止呕;天麻平肝息风而止头眩。以钩藤、白术、茯苓为臣药,钩藤与天麻相配,增强熄风之力;白术、茯苓与法半夏配伍,祛湿化痰之功更佳。泽泻、石菖蒲能增加利水祛湿之力,且菖蒲能开窍豁痰。久病必淤,加入红景天能补气清肺、益智养心、收涩止血、散瘀消肿。
本发明对原料采用加水热循环回流的方式进行提取,使黄酮类有效活性成分溶出。为了提高原料中黄酮类有效活性成分的溶出量,本发明还提供一种采用加入提取溶液进行超声波提取的方式对原料进行提取,在含有30%~50%乙醇水溶液的基础上加入有机酸能够破坏药材的细胞壁,使黄酮类有效活性成分溶出,加入的硬脂酰乳酸钙起到增溶作用,进一步提高了黄酮类有效活性成分的含量。但是在形成清膏的过程中,发现清膏的浓缩时间变长,其原因是硬脂酰乳酸钙的存在对清膏的形成起到阻碍作用,为了改进上述情况,发明人经过大量创造性试验,发现加入三棕榈酸甘油酯能显著缩短清膏的形成时间。推测其机理是硬脂酰乳酸钙作为阴离子表面活性剂中的一种,存在同性电荷相斥的作用,而加入的三棕榈酸甘油酯可使同性电荷分离,使得同性电荷无法相互作用,从而能够缩短清膏的形成时间。但三棕榈酸甘油酯的加入量需控制在一定范围内,否则又会导致清膏的形成时间变长。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明对天麻健脑组合物采用加提取溶液进行超声波提取的方式能进一步提高黄酮的溶出量,保证了后续制备的天麻健脑颗粒能发挥药效作用。
(2)本发明的天麻健脑颗粒便于服用,对治疗风痰上扰所致头晕、头痛、失眠;风痰上扰型中风所致肢体麻木、瘫痪效果显著,且能进一步巩固疗效,防止复发。
(3)本发明天麻健脑颗粒的制备方法质量可控,既能保持中医特色,又能工业化生产。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下实施例。
实施例1、天麻健脑组合物
取法半夏125g、白术140g、天麻140g、钩藤140g、泽泻140g、茯苓225g、石菖蒲140g和红景天90g加水热循环回流提取3h,提取液浓缩成相对密度为1.20~1.30的清膏,即为天麻健脑组合物。
实施例2、天麻健脑组合物
取法半夏150g、白术167g、天麻167g、钩藤167g、泽泻167g、茯苓250g、石菖蒲167g和红景天100g加水热循环回流提取4h,提取液浓缩成相对密度为1.20~1.30的清膏,即为天麻健脑组合物。
实施例3、天麻健脑组合物
S1:取法半夏150g、白术167g、天麻167g、钩藤167g、泽泻167g、茯苓250g、石菖蒲167g和红景天100g,加入药材10倍的提取溶液进行超声波提取,过滤后得到提取液;
S2:将步骤S1中的提取液加热浓缩,得到相对密度为1.20~1.30的清膏,即为天麻健脑组合物。
其中,提取溶液为含有2%提取剂和30%乙醇的水溶液;所述的提取剂由柠檬酸、硬脂酰乳酸钙和三棕榈酸甘油酯按照12:10:8的质量比组成。
实施例4、天麻健脑组合物
S1:取法半夏175g、白术180g、天麻180g、钩藤180g、泽泻180g、茯苓275g、石菖蒲180g和红景天120g,加入药材12倍的提取溶液进行超声波提取,过滤后得到滤液;
S2:将步骤S1中的滤液加热浓缩,得到相对密度为1.20~1.30的清膏,即为天麻健脑组合物。
其中,提取溶液为含有2%提取剂和50%乙醇的水溶液;所述的提取剂由柠檬酸、硬脂酰乳酸钙和三棕榈酸甘油酯按照12:10:6的质量比组成。
实施例5、天麻健脑颗粒
材料:实施例1的天麻健脑组合物450份和淀粉550份
制备方法:
A)实施例1天麻健脑组合物的制备,形成了清膏;
B)将淀粉加入到清膏内混匀,再加入90%乙醇制粒,得到湿颗粒;
C)将步骤B)中的湿颗粒置于沸腾干燥机中,于50℃下干燥,得到干颗粒;
D)对步骤C)中的干颗粒进行依次过10目和40目筛,得到天麻健脑颗粒。
实施例6、天麻健脑颗粒
材料:实施例2的天麻健脑组合物500份和糊精500份
制备方法:
A)实施例1天麻健脑组合物的制备,形成了清膏;
B)将糊精加入到清膏内混匀,再加入90%乙醇制粒,得到湿颗粒;
C)将步骤B)中的湿颗粒置于沸腾干燥机中,于50℃下干燥,得到干颗粒;
D)对步骤C)中的干颗粒进行依次过10目和40目筛,得到天麻健脑颗粒。
实施例7、天麻健脑颗粒
材料:实施例3的天麻健脑组合物500份和糊精500份
制备方法:
A)实施例1天麻健脑组合物的制备,形成了清膏;
B)将糊精加入到清膏内混匀,再加入90%乙醇制粒,得到湿颗粒;
C)将步骤B)中的湿颗粒置于沸腾干燥机中,于50℃下干燥,得到干颗粒;
D)对步骤C)中的干颗粒进行依次过10目和40目筛,得到天麻健脑颗粒。
实施例8、天麻健脑颗粒
材料:实施例4的天麻健脑组合物430份和糊精570份
制备方法:
A)实施例1天麻健脑组合物的制备,形成了清膏;
B)将糊精加入到清膏内混匀,再加入90%乙醇制粒,得到湿颗粒;
C)将步骤B)中的湿颗粒置于沸腾干燥机中,于50℃下干燥,得到干颗粒;
D)对步骤C)中的干颗粒进行依次过10目和40目筛,得到天麻健脑颗粒。
对比例1、天麻健脑组合物
与实施例3类似,区别在于:提取剂中只添加柠檬酸,其余参数与实施例3相同。
对比例2、天麻健脑组合物
与实施例3类似,区别在于:提取剂中只添加硬脂酰乳酸钙,其余参数与实施例3相同。
对比例3、天麻健脑组合物
与实施例3类似,区别在于:提取剂中未添加三棕榈酸甘油酯,其余参数与实施例3相同。
对比例4、天麻健脑组合物
与实施例3类似,区别在于:提取剂由柠檬酸、硬脂酰乳酸钙和三棕榈酸甘油酯按照12:10:12的质量比组成,其余参数与实施例3相同。
对比例5、天麻健脑颗粒
与实施例7类似,区别在于:天麻健脑组合物中未添加红景天,其余参数与实施例7相同。
试验一、鉴别
对实施例1-4的天麻健脑颗粒中的异钩藤、红景天和天麻有效活性成分进行鉴别。
异钩藤:取本品10g,加入浓氨试液10ml,浸泡30分钟,加入三氯甲烷50ml,加热回流2小时,放冷,滤过,挥干,残渣加甲醇1ml使溶解,作为供试品溶液。另取异钩藤碱对照品,加甲醇制成每1ml含0.5mg的溶液,作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法(通则0502)试验,吸取供试品溶液10~20μl对照品溶液5μl,分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上,以石油醚(60~90°)-丙酮(6:4)为展开剂,展开,取出,晾干,喷以稀碘化铋钾试液。供试品色谱中,在与对照品色谱相应的位置上,显相同颜色的斑点。
红景天:取本品10克,研细,加40ml甲醇,加热回流30分钟,过滤,蒸干,残渣加1ml甲醇溶液,作为供试品。另取红景天苷对照品,加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法试验,吸取供试品10μl,对照药材5ul,对照品5ul,分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上,以三氯甲烷-甲醇-丙酮-水(15:4:1:1)的下层溶液为展开剂,展开,取出,晾干,以碘蒸气熏至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中,在与对照药材色谱的相应位置上,显相同颜色的斑点。
天麻:采用与红景天相同操作为供试品溶液。另取天麻对照药材0.5g,加甲醇10ml,超声30分钟滤过,制成对照药材溶液。再取天麻素对照品,加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液,作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法(通则0502)试验,吸取上述三种溶液各5μl,分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上,以乙酸乙酯-甲酸-水(9:1:0.2)为展开剂,展开,取出,晾干,喷以10%磷钼酸乙醇溶液,在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中,在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上,显相同颜色的斑点。
试验二、总黄酮提取率测定
试验方法:将实施例1-4和对比例1-4的滤液过大孔树脂D101柱,柱径与柱高之比为1:50,滤液的体积与树脂柱的体积比为1:12,采用体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液作为洗脱液,洗脱流速为1.0mL/min,洗脱3个柱体积,得总黄酮提取液,将总黄酮提取液进行浓缩除醇、冷冻干燥后得到总黄酮提取物。
计算公式:总黄酮提取物质量与天麻健脑组合物药材总质量之间的比值。
表一总黄酮提取结果
从表一来看,实施例3的总黄酮提取率最高,其总黄酮提取率达到20.33%。
试验三、浓缩时间测试
试验方法:在蒸气压为0.15MPa下将提取液浓缩成相对密度为1.30的清膏,计算浓缩时间。
表二浓缩时间比较
从表二可以看出,相较于实施例3,对比例2(提取剂中只添加硬脂酰乳酸钙)和对比例3(提取剂中未添加三棕榈酸甘油酯)导致清膏浓缩时间变长,对比例4(提取剂由柠檬酸、硬脂酰乳酸钙和三棕榈酸甘油酯按照12:10:12的质量比组成)的清膏浓缩时间也变长,说明三棕榈酸甘油酯的加入量需控制一定的范围。
试验四、临床试验
本研究随机抽取120例在本院门诊确诊的眩晕患者,眩晕患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,对两组人群进行连续观察,分别在治疗前和治疗后评估中医症状体征积分。治疗组60例,其中男性24例,女性36例,年龄25-75岁,平均年龄53.2岁,完成病例数60例。对照组60例,其中男性28例,女性32例,年龄25-75岁,平均年龄50.6岁,治疗中脱落3例(3名女性),完成病例数57例。
治疗组的治疗方法:服用本发明实施例7的天麻健脑颗粒,每袋10g,一次1袋,1日3次,7天为1个疗程,共治疗3个疗程。
对照组的治疗方法:服用本发明对比例5的天麻健脑颗粒,每袋10g,一次1袋,1日3次,7天为1个疗程,共治疗3个疗程。
表三中医症候评分表
表四117例患者治疗前后比较
从表四来看,本发明的天麻健脑颗粒适用于治疗风痰上扰所致眩晕症,且效果显著。
观察结果:风痰上扰所致眩晕症的复发期为治疗结束后3个月~6个月内。本研究对治疗组(服用实施例7天麻健脑颗粒)经治疗后总分数为0的18名痊愈者和对比组(服用实施例5天麻健脑颗粒)经治疗后总分数为0的15名痊愈者进行为期6个月的愈后跟踪治疗,发现治疗组的痊愈者没有出现头晕目眩等症状复发的现象,而对比组里有2名痊愈者于第3个月出现头晕目眩等症状,还有6名痊愈者于第5个月出现头晕目眩等状态,对比组的复发率为53.33%。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效,而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下,对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此,举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变,仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。
Claims (6)
1.一种天麻健脑组合物,其特征在于,所述的天麻健脑组合物由以下重量计的原料药物制成:法半夏125~175g、白术140~180g、天麻140~180g、钩藤140~180g、泽泻140~180g、茯苓225~275g、石菖蒲140~180g和红景天90~120g;
所述的天麻健脑组合物的制备方法为:
S1:取配方量的法半夏、白术、天麻、钩藤、泽泻、茯苓、石菖蒲和红景天,加入药材总量8~12倍的提取溶液进行超声波提取,过滤后得到提取液;
S2:将步骤S1中的提取液加热浓缩,得到相对密度为1.20~1.30的清膏,即为天麻健脑组合物;
所述的提取溶液为含有1%~2%提取剂和30~50%乙醇的水溶液;
所述的提取剂由柠檬酸、硬脂酰乳酸钙和三棕榈酸甘油酯按照12:10:(4~8)的质量比组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的天麻健脑组合物在制备治疗风痰上扰所致头晕、头痛、失眠和风痰上扰型中风所致肢体麻木、瘫痪药物中的应用。
3.一种天麻健脑制剂,其特征在于,包含权利要求1所述的天麻健脑组合物及药学上可用的辅料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的天麻健脑制剂,其特征在于,所述的天麻健脑制剂为颗粒剂。
5.一种天麻健脑颗粒,其特征在于,包含以下重量份数的组分:如权利要求1所述的组合物430~500份和糊精450~570份。
6.一种根据权利要求3所述天麻健脑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的制备方法包括以下步骤:
A)清膏的制备;
S1:取配方量的法半夏、白术、天麻、钩藤、泽泻、茯苓、石菖蒲和红景天,加入药材总量8~12倍的提取溶液进行超声波提取,过滤后得到提取液;
S2:将步骤S1中的提取液加热浓缩,得到相对密度为1.20~1.30的清膏;
B)将药用辅料加入到清膏内混匀,再加入90~95%乙醇制粒,得到湿颗粒;
C)将步骤B)中的湿颗粒置于沸腾干燥机中,于50~60℃下干燥,得到干颗粒;
D)对步骤C)中的干颗粒进行依次过10目和40目筛,得到天麻健脑颗粒。
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